WO2005028591A1 - セラミックシンチレータとそれを用いた放射線検出器および放射線検査装置 - Google Patents
セラミックシンチレータとそれを用いた放射線検出器および放射線検査装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005028591A1 WO2005028591A1 PCT/JP2004/013888 JP2004013888W WO2005028591A1 WO 2005028591 A1 WO2005028591 A1 WO 2005028591A1 JP 2004013888 W JP2004013888 W JP 2004013888W WO 2005028591 A1 WO2005028591 A1 WO 2005028591A1
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- ceramic scintillator
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- oxysulfide phosphor
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- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
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- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7767—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/7769—Oxides
- C09K11/7771—Oxysulfides
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- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
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- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ceramic scintillator for converting radiation into visible light, a radiation detector using the scintillator, and a radiation inspection apparatus.
- a radiological inspection apparatus such as an X-ray tomography apparatus (hereinafter, referred to as an X-ray CT apparatus) are performed.
- the X-ray CT system irradiates the test object with X-ray tube beam fan beam X-rays, collects the X-ray absorption data transmitted through the test object with an X-ray detector, and uses this X-ray absorption data. Is analyzed by a computer to reproduce a tomographic image of the inspected object.
- a solid scintillator that emits visible light or the like by X-ray stimulation is used.
- Such solid scintillators include rare earth oxysulfides such as gadolinium oxysulfide, lanthanum oxysulfide, and lutetium oxysulfide activated by praseodymium (Pr), terbium (Tb), europium (Eu), and the like.
- Pr praseodymium
- Tb terbium
- Eu europium
- Application of a ceramic scintillator, which is a sintered body has been studied (see Patent Documents 1-3).
- gadolinium oxysulfide phosphors Gadolinium oxysulfide phosphors (GdOS: Pr, etc.) have excellent luminous efficiency and short afterglow of luminescence.
- the X-ray CT apparatus has a higher resolution.
- the X-ray detecting element has been further downsized, and the ceramic scintillator has to be reduced to a minute shape. For this reason, a situation occurs in which the X-ray absorption is not always sufficient in the oxysulfide gadolinium phosphor. If the X-ray absorption by the scintillator is insufficient, X-ray photon noise will be generated and the image quality of the X-ray CT image will be greatly reduced.
- Lutetium oxysulfide phosphor has been attempted to be produced by a flux method in the same manner as gadolinium oxysulfide phosphor.
- lutetium oxysulfide phosphors are inferior in crystal growth, and therefore have a higher flux (APO and ACO (
- A It is necessary to add a crystal growth agent such as an alkali metal element).
- Lutetium oxysulfide phosphor produced using a relatively large amount of flux is considered to be suitable as a material for forming a ceramic scintillator because of its excellent crystallinity and relatively uniform particle size.
- the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder to which a large amount of flux is applied while applying force is applied to a ceramic scintillator (sintering of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor by hot pressing or hot isostatic pressing, for example).
- the body is manufactured, it is colored and the translucency is liable to be impaired.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that the PO content of a ceramic scintillator, which is a rare earth oxysulfide phosphor, is reduced to 50 ppm or less so that the sintered body of the rare earth oxysulfide phosphor has a high density.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a rare earth acid phosphor ((R RE) OS phosphor (R: Y, R) containing at least one selected from Cs and Rb in the range of 0.2 to 50 ppm. Gd, La, Lu,
- Patent document 1 JP-A-7-238281
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-9-202880
- Patent Document 3 JP 2001-131546 A
- An object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic scintillator that makes full use of the inherent properties of a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor and that can obtain good X-ray detection sensitivity even when the size is reduced. It is in.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a radiation detector capable of further improving resolution and the like by applying such a ceramic scintillator, and a radiation inspection apparatus using such a radiation detector.
- a ceramic scintillator of the present invention is a ceramic scintillator comprising a sintered body of a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor containing at least one element selected from Pr, Tb and Eu as an activator, wherein The sintered body of the lutetium sulfide phosphor is characterized by containing an alkali metal element in a range of 5 ppm or more and 15 ppm or less and phosphorus in a range of 5 ppm or more and 40 ppm or less.
- a radiation detector of the present invention includes the above-described ceramic scintillator of the present invention, and emits fluorescence from the ceramic scintillator in response to incident radiation, and receives light from the fluorescence generating means. Photoelectric conversion means for converting the output of the light into an electrical output. Further, a radiation inspection apparatus according to the present invention includes a radiation source that irradiates a subject with radiation, and a radiation detector according to the present invention that detects radiation transmitted through the subject. I have.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a ceramic scintillator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an X-ray detector according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an X-ray CT apparatus as one embodiment of the radiation inspection apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a ceramic scintillator according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the ceramic scintillator 1 shown in Fig. 1 is composed of praseodymium (Pr), terbium (Tb), and europium (Eu) as activators Lutetium oxysulfide (Lu OS) phosphor containing at least one element selected from the group Of a sintered body.
- Figure 1 shows the ceramic
- a scintillator chip which is an example of a scintillator is shown!
- the ceramic scintillator of the present invention is not limited to such a chip-shaped one, but various shapes can be applied according to an X-ray detector or the like.
- the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor that is a constituent material of the ceramic scintillator 1 is
- M represents at least one element selected from Pr, Tb, and Eu, and a is a number satisfying 0.0001 ⁇ a ⁇ 0.2.
- Lutetium oxysulfide phosphor activated with at least one M element selected from Pr, Tb and Eu has a larger X-ray absorption coefficient per unit area than a conventional gadolinium oxysulfide phosphor. It has excellent light output. That is, X-ray detection sensitivity and the like by the ceramic scintillator 1 can be improved. Therefore, it is particularly effective as a fluorescent light generating means such as an X-ray detector used in an X-ray CT apparatus with high resolution.
- a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor at least one element selected from Pr, Tb and Eu is used as an activator.
- the activator may be any of Pr, Tb, and Eu.
- a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor activated with Pr is suitable for an X-ray CT detector.
- the content of the activator (at least one type of M element selected from Pr, Tb and Eu) is preferably in the range of 0.0001-0.2 as the value of a in the above formula (1).
- Activator content When the value of a shown below is less than 0.0001, the function as an activator as a luminescence center cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and the luminous efficiency of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor decreases. On the other hand, the luminous efficiency is reduced even when the value of a is exceeded.
- the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor may contain a small amount of another rare earth element such as Ce as a coactivator in addition to the above activator.
- the compounding amount of the coactivator is preferably, for example, 50 ppm or less so as to maintain a state in which light emission by Pr, Tb, and Eu is dominant.
- Ceramic scintillator 1 which is a sintered body of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor, contains an alkali metal element in a mass ratio of 515 ppm and phosphorus in a range of 5-40 ppm.
- Alkali metal elements are not particularly limited, such as lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs). In particular, it is preferable that at least one of the Li, Na and K forces is also selected.
- the contents of these alkali metal elements and phosphorus define the abundance of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor in the sintered body.
- the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder used as the raw material of the ceramic scintillator 1 usually uses alkali metal phosphate, carbonate, or the like as a crystal growth agent in order to enhance crystallinity and adjust the particle size distribution of the powder. It is produced by applying the used flux method.
- a rare earth oxide powder such as lutetium oxide or praseodymium oxide is prepared as a starting material for each rare earth element such as Lu or Pr.
- a sulfurizing agent such as sulfur (S) powder and a flux such as APO or ACO (A: alkali metal element) are added to these rare earth oxide powders.
- the mixed powder is calcined at 1100-1300 ° C for 5-10 hours and then washed with acid and water to obtain lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder.
- Alkali metal elements and phosphate ions are inevitably mixed in the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder produced by applying the flux method.
- a ceramic scintillator 1 (Lutetium oxysulfide phosphor) prepared using such lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder as a raw material powder Phosphorous in the form of an alkali metal element and phosphate ions.
- the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor is inferior in crystal growth property to the conventional gadolinium oxysulfide phosphor, so that a relatively large amount of flux needs to be added.
- the specific amount of flux for producing the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor needs to be about twice as large as that in the production process of the gadmium oxysulfide phosphor. Therefore, the residual alkali metal element and phosphorus greatly affect the characteristics of the ceramic scintillator 1. If a large amount of metallic elements or phosphorus remains, the sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor is colored brown due to these residual elements, and this is the light (such as X-rays) in the ceramic scintillator 1. Absorption of light emitted by the irradiation).
- the alkali metal element and phosphorus remaining in the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor act as a sintering aid to promote the sintering of the phosphor powder in an appropriate amount. It becomes. Therefore, the amount of the alkali metal element in the ceramic scintillator 1 is set in the range of 5 to 15 ppm, and the amount of phosphorus is controlled in the range of 5 to 40 ppm. By controlling the residual amount of the alkali metal element and the phosphorus in the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder so that such amounts of the alkali metal element and the phosphorus are present in the sintered body, high purity and high density can be obtained.
- the amount of the alkali metal element in the ceramic scintillator 1 is in the range of 6 to 10 ppm, and the amount of the phosphorus is more preferably in the range of 10 to 30 ppm! / ,.
- the amount of the alkali metal element is less than 5 ppm.
- a different phase for example, unreacted rare earth oxide
- lutetium oxysulfide is generated in the sintered body, or sintering of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor is performed.
- pores, voids, and the like are generated based on the decrease in the property. Since these different phases and pores cause light scattering in the sintered body, the detection sensitivity of the ceramic scintillator 1 is reduced.
- the volume ratio of the hetero phase or pores in the sintered body is preferably 0.5% or less, and more preferably 0.1% or less.
- the color of the sintered body is not necessarily required to be colorless and transparent as long as the body color can maintain transparency.
- a sintered body of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor having excellent translucency can be obtained with good reproducibility. According to such a sintered body of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor, high purity, high density and excellent transparency! Based on its characteristics (transparency), lutetium oxysulfide phosphor is By making full use of the inherent high luminous efficiency characteristics of the present invention, it is possible to achieve high light output and high sensitivity of the ceramic scintillator 1.
- the ceramic scintillator 1 of this embodiment is used for an X-ray detecting element or the like in an X-ray detector of an X-ray CT apparatus as described later.
- it is suitable for an X-ray CT apparatus in which the X-ray detection element is further downsized in order to realize high resolution. That is, in order to increase the resolution of the X-ray CT device, it is necessary to make the scintillator finer and increase the number of channels. In order to obtain high sensitivity characteristics with a scintillator processed into a fine shape, it is important to increase the X-ray absorption rate or luminous efficiency per unit area.
- the ceramic scintillator 1 of this embodiment is a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor that can provide a sufficient light output even when subjected to fine processing with a large X-ray absorption coefficient.
- a sintered body is applied.
- the sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor has high purity, high density, and excellent transparency, it can be provided with a characteristic. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, it is suitable for the ceramic scintillator 1 in which the irradiation surface la of the X-ray 2 is miniaturized. By using such a ceramic scintillator 1, it is possible to realize a high-resolution X-ray CT apparatus or the like.
- the above-described ceramic scintillator 1 has, for example, a shape of the X-ray irradiation surface la with a width W0.1— 1.0mm X length L0.1-3.0mm! In other words, by applying the sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor of this embodiment, it is possible to obtain a sufficient light output even with the ceramic scintillator 1 having the above-mentioned small shape. .
- the thickness t of the ceramic scintillator 1 is appropriately set according to the irradiation amount and irradiation intensity of the X-rays 2.
- the thickness t is preferably in the range of, for example, 1.0 to 2.0 mm.
- the ceramic scintillator 1 of this embodiment is manufactured, for example, as follows. That is, the above-mentioned lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder in which the amount of the alkali metal element and the amount of phosphorus are controlled is sintered to produce a sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor to be the ceramic scintillator 1.
- the amount of the alkali metal element and the amount of phosphorus in the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder can be controlled by the washing conditions after firing (the number of times of acid washing and water washing, etc.).
- a known sintering method such as hot pressing or HIP can be applied.
- HIP hot pressing
- the sintering step by applying the HIP method.
- the sintering process using the HIP method is performed by first forming a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder into an appropriate shape by a rubber press, and then filling and encapsulating it in a metal container or the like and performing HIP treatment.
- the HIP temperature be in a range of 1400 to 1600 ° C.
- the HIP pressure is 98 MPa or more and the HIP time is 110 hours.
- a sintered body of a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor having a relative density (ratio to the theoretical density) of 99.5% or more, or even 99.8% or more can be reproduced with good reproducibility. Obtainable. If the relative density of the sintered body is less than 99.5%, characteristics such as light transmittance and light output required for the ceramic scintillator 1 cannot be satisfied. The relative density of the sintered body indicates a value measured by the Archimedes method.
- the sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor is processed into a desired shape with a blade saw or a wire saw if necessary, and then used as the ceramic scintillator 1.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an X-ray detector as one embodiment of the radiation detector of the present invention.
- the X-ray detector 3 shown in the figure is made of the ceramic scintillator 1 of the embodiment described above, that is, the sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor.
- Ceramic scintillator (scintillator chip) 1 as a fluorescence generating means.
- the ceramic scintillator 1 is not limited to a rectangular bar-shaped scintillator chip, but may be, for example, a scintillator block or the like in which a plurality of segments are vertically and horizontally integrated.
- the rectangular bar-shaped ceramic scintillator 1 is covered with a reflective film 4 except for one surface. Then, a photoelectric conversion element such as a silicon photodiode 6 is attached via an adhesive layer 5 to a surface of the ceramic scintillator 1 that is not covered with the reflection film 4.
- a scintillator block in which a large number of segments are integrated is used as the ceramic scintillator 1, a silicon photodiode or the like is arranged corresponding to each segment.
- the ceramic scintillator 1 In the X-ray detector 3 described above, X-rays are incident on the ceramic scintillator 1, and the ceramic scintillator 1 emits light in accordance with the incident X-ray dose. Light emitted from the ceramic scintillator 1 is detected by the photodiode 6. That is, the output of the light emitted based on the incident X-ray dose is output from the output terminal 7 after being converted into an electrical output by the photodiode 6.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an X-ray CT apparatus as one embodiment of the radiation inspection apparatus of the present invention.
- An X-ray CT apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 has an X-ray detector 3 based on the detector structure of the above-described embodiment.
- the X-ray detector 3 shown in FIG. 3 has a plurality of ceramic scintillators 1 arranged along the inner wall of a cylinder on which the imaging position of the subject 11 is placed.
- the photodiodes not shown are connected to the plurality of ceramic scintillators 1, respectively.
- An X-ray tube 12 that emits X-rays is arranged substantially at the center of the arc where the X-ray detector 3 having the plurality of ceramic scintillators 1 is arranged.
- a fixed subject 11 is arranged between the X-ray detector 3 and the X-ray tube 12.
- the X-ray detector 3 and the X-ray tube 12 are configured to rotate around the fixed subject 11 while performing X-ray imaging. In this way, angular forces with different image information of the subject 11 are collected three-dimensionally.
- the signal obtained by the X-ray imaging (electrical signal converted by the photodiode) is processed by the computer 13 and displayed on the display 14 as the subject image 15.
- the subject image 15 is, for example, a tomographic image of the subject 11.
- the X-ray CT apparatus 10 is used as the ceramic scintillator 1 of the X-ray detector 3 when it is miniaturized.
- a high purity, high density, high transparency sintered body of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor that provides sufficient light output Therefore, it is possible to cope with an increase in the number of channels for higher resolution without lowering the X-ray detection sensitivity. That is, it is possible to realize the X-ray CT apparatus 10 with higher resolution while maintaining the quality and accuracy of the X-ray image. As a result, the medical diagnostic capability of the X-ray CT apparatus 10 is greatly improved.
- the radiation inspection apparatus of the present invention is not limited to an X-ray inspection apparatus for medical diagnosis, and is applicable to an X-ray non-destructive inspection apparatus for industrial use.
- the present invention also contributes to the improvement of inspection accuracy by the X-ray non-destructive inspection device.
- lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder having an average particle diameter of 15 ⁇ m was prepared as a raw material for a ceramic scintillator.
- This lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder is (Lu Pr) O
- This lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder was formed by cold isostatic pressing (CIP). The content of phosphorus and alkali metal elements in the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder was controlled by the washing conditions after firing the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor as described above. The same applies to the following examples and comparative examples.
- the ceramic scintillator As a raw material of the ceramic scintillator, it has a composition of (Lu Pr) OS and has a mass
- the ceramic scintillator As a raw material of the ceramic scintillator, it has a composition of (Lu Pr) OS and has a mass
- a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder containing 45 ppm of P by weight and 15 ppm of Li as an alkali metal element was prepared. Except for using this lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder, a scintillator chip made of a sintered body of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor was produced by molding and HIP treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above. The P content of this scintillator chip was 16 ppm, the Li content was 13 ppm, and the relative density was 99.8%. Such a ceramic scintillator was subjected to characteristic evaluation described later.
- the ceramic scintillator As a raw material of the ceramic scintillator, it has a composition of (Lu Pr) OS and has a mass
- a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder containing 21 ppm of P at a ratio and 8 ppm of Na as an alkali metal element was prepared. Except for using this lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder, a scintillator chip made of a sintered body of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor was produced by molding and HIP treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above. The scintillator chip had a P content of 6 ppm, a Na content of 6 ppm, and a relative density of 99.8%. Such a ceramic scintillator was subjected to characteristic evaluation described later.
- the ceramic scintillator As a raw material of the ceramic scintillator, it has a composition of (Lu Pr) OS and has a mass
- a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder containing 85 ppm of P in a ratio and 12 ppm of Na as an alkali metal element was prepared. Except for using this lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder, a scintillator chip made of a sintered body of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor was produced by molding and HIP treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above. The P content of this scintillator chip was 37 ppm, the Na content was 11 ppm, and the relative density was 99.8%. Such ceramic The scintillator was subjected to characteristics evaluation described below.
- lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder containing 45 ppm of P and 12 ppm of Na as an alkali metal element was prepared. Except for using the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder, a scintillator chip, which is a sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor, was produced by molding and HIP treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above. The P content of this scintillator chip was 16 ppm, the Na content was 11 ppm, and the relative density was 99.8%. Such a ceramic scintillator was subjected to characteristic evaluation described later.
- the ceramic scintillator As a raw material of the ceramic scintillator, it has the composition of (Lu Tb) OS and the mass ratio
- lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder containing 45 ppm of P and 12 ppm of Na as an alkali metal element was prepared. Except for using the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder, a scintillator chip, which is a sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor, was produced by molding and HIP treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above. The P content of this scintillator chip was 16 ppm, the Na content was 11 ppm, and the relative density was 99.8%. Such a ceramic scintillator was subjected to characteristic evaluation described later.
- the ceramic scintillator As a raw material of the ceramic scintillator, it has a composition of (Lu Pr) OS and has a mass
- a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder containing 105 ppm of P in a ratio and 12 ppm of Na as an alkali metal element was prepared. Except for using this lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder, a scintillator chip made of a sintered body of lutetium oxysulfide phosphor was produced by molding and HIP treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above. This scintillator chip had a P content of 49 ppm, a Na content of ll ppm, and a relative density of 99.8%. Such a ceramic scintillator was subjected to characteristic evaluation described later.
- the ceramic scintillator As a raw material of the ceramic scintillator, it has a composition of (Lu Pr) OS and has a mass
- the ceramic scintillator As a raw material of the ceramic scintillator, it has a composition of (Lu Pr) OS and has a mass
- Lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder containing 5 ppm of P in a ratio and 3 ppm of Na as an alkali metal element was prepared. Except for using the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder, a scintillator chip, which is a sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor, was produced by molding and HIP treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above. The P content of this scintillator chip was 3 ppm, the Na content was 2 ppm, and the relative density was 99.2%. Such a ceramic scintillator was subjected to characteristic evaluation described later.
- a lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder containing 45 ppm of P and 69 ppm of Na as an alkali metal element was prepared. Except for using the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor powder, a scintillator chip, which is a sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor, was produced by molding and HIP treatment under the same conditions as in Example 1 described above. The P content of this scintillator chip was 16 ppm, the Na content was 54 ppm, and the relative density was 99.6%. Such a ceramic scintillator was subjected to characteristic evaluation described later.
- the X-ray detector 3 shown in FIG. 2 was configured using each of the ceramic scintillators according to Example 117 and Comparative Example 114 described above. Then, the X-ray detection sensitivity (light output) when irradiating X-rays with a tube voltage of 120 kVp was measured. X-ray detection sensitivity is (Gd Pr)
- a scintillator chip was used as a comparative sample, and the relative output was determined assuming that the optical output of this comparative sample was 100.
- Table 1 shows the X-ray detection sensitivity (light output).
- the ceramic scintillator made of oxidized lutetium having a content of phosphorus and an alkali metal element less than the range of the present invention (Comparative Example 3) also has inferior light output. This is due to the fact that the density of the sintered body of the ilhirtium oxide phosphor was low and light was scattered inside the sintered body.
- the sintered bodies of the (LuEu) OS phosphor having the Eu yarn composition, the P content, and the alkali element content shown in Table 3 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the P content and the alkali element content in the sintered body were controlled based on the P content and the alkali element content in the raw material powder.
- Table 3 shows the relative densities of these sintered bodies.
- a scintillator chip having the same shape as in Example 1 was fabricated, and the X-ray detection sensitivity (light output Z The relative value when the light output of the comparative sample was set to 100) was measured. Table 3 also shows the results of these measurements.
- Example 15 0.3 16 11 27 180 Example 16 0.3 16-13 29 99.8 176 Example 17 0.3 16-5 31 175 Example 18 0.3 16 4 4 4 2 ⁇ 175 Example 19 3 16 11 ⁇ -27 170 Example 20 3 16-13-29 170 Example 21 3 16-15 31 99.8 169 Example 22 5 16-13-29 162 Example 23 5 16-15 31 99 * 8 160 Example 24 5 6 6--12 170 Example 25 5 37 11-one 48 150
- Sintered (Lu Tb) OS phosphors having the Tb composition, P content, and alkali element content shown in Table 4 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the P content and the alkali element content in the sintered body were controlled based on the P content and the alkali element content in the raw material powder.
- Table 4 shows the relative densities of these sintered bodies.
- a scintillator chip (having the same shape as in Example 1) was fabricated using such a sintered body of oxysulfuric acid phosphor, and the X-ray detection sensitivity (light output power) was determined in the same manner as in Example 1. The relative value when the light output of the Z comparative sample was set to 100) was measured. Table 4 also shows these measurement results.
- the sintered body of the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor contains an appropriate amount of an alkali metal element and phosphorus
- a ceramic scintillator having high purity, high density and excellent transparency is obtained.
- the ceramic scintillator of the present invention makes it possible to sufficiently exhibit characteristics such as high luminous efficiency inherent in the lutetium oxysulfide phosphor, and thus, even when the size is reduced, the light output and therefore the X-ray intensity are reduced.
- the line detection sensitivity can be improved.
- Radiation detectors and radiation detectors using such ceramic scintillators are intended to achieve higher resolution of radiation inspection images, etc., thereby improving the accuracy of medical diagnostics and industrial non-destructive inspection, for example. Etc. greatly contributed.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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JP2005514114A JP5022600B2 (ja) | 2003-09-24 | 2004-09-24 | セラミックシンチレータとそれを用いた放射線検出器および放射線検査装置 |
EP04788047A EP1666566B1 (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2004-09-24 | Ceramic scintillator, and radiation detector and radiographic examination apparatus using same |
DE602004030263T DE602004030263D1 (de) | 2003-09-24 | 2004-09-24 | Szintillatorkeramik sowie strahlendetektor und radiographisches untersuchungsgerät, die diese enthalten |
US10/547,314 US7230248B2 (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2004-09-24 | Ceramic scintillator, and radiation detector and radiographic examination apparatus using same |
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US (1) | US7230248B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1666566B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5022600B2 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2005028591A1 (ja) |
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WO2007015862A1 (en) * | 2005-07-25 | 2007-02-08 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Rare earth oxysulfide scintillator and methods for producing same |
WO2011033882A1 (ja) | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-24 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | シンチレータ用蛍光体 |
JPWO2012026585A1 (ja) * | 2010-08-27 | 2013-10-28 | 株式会社トクヤマ | フッ化物結晶、放射線検出用シンチレーター及び放射線検出器 |
US8872119B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-10-28 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Ceramic scintillator body and scintillation device |
US8877093B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-11-04 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Ceramic scintillator body and scintillation device |
US9175216B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2015-11-03 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Ceramic scintillator body and scintillation device |
US9183962B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2015-11-10 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Ceramic scintillator body and scintillation device |
JPWO2016047139A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-07-27 | 株式会社東芝 | シンチレータ、シンチレータアレイ、放射線検出器、および放射線検査装置 |
WO2017135256A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-10 | 株式会社 東芝 | 蛍光体とその製造方法 |
JPWO2017078051A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-09-20 | 株式会社東芝 | シンチレータ、シンチレータアレイ、放射線検出器、および放射線検査装置 |
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US8877093B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-11-04 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Ceramic scintillator body and scintillation device |
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US8323530B2 (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2012-12-04 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. | Phosphor for scintillator |
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WO2017135256A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-10 | 株式会社 東芝 | 蛍光体とその製造方法 |
JPWO2017135256A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-02 | 2018-11-22 | 株式会社東芝 | 蛍光体とその製造方法 |
US10858583B2 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2020-12-08 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Phosphor and method of producing the same |
JP2022031767A (ja) * | 2016-12-06 | 2022-02-22 | 株式会社東芝 | シンチレータアレイ、シンチレータアレイを製造する方法、放射線検出器、および放射線検査装置 |
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US7230248B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 |
EP1666566A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
EP1666566A4 (en) | 2008-05-07 |
JPWO2005028591A1 (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
US20060145085A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
DE602004030263D1 (de) | 2011-01-05 |
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