WO2004101308A1 - Verfahren für die regelung eines bremssystems eines kraftfahrzeuges - Google Patents
Verfahren für die regelung eines bremssystems eines kraftfahrzeuges Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004101308A1 WO2004101308A1 PCT/EP2004/050641 EP2004050641W WO2004101308A1 WO 2004101308 A1 WO2004101308 A1 WO 2004101308A1 EP 2004050641 W EP2004050641 W EP 2004050641W WO 2004101308 A1 WO2004101308 A1 WO 2004101308A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- pressure
- braking
- hydraulic
- brake system
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/48—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
- B60T8/4809—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
- B60T8/4827—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems
- B60T8/4863—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems
- B60T8/4872—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems pump-back systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/24—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking
- B60L7/26—Controlling the braking effect
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for regulating a brake system, in particular for regulating a regenerative brake system with a number of friction brakes and an electrically regenerative brake for a motor vehicle.
- motor vehicles with a regenerative braking system generally have various types of brakes, which are also called brake actuators.
- hydraulic friction brakes as are known from ordinary motor vehicles, and an electrically regenerative brake are used.
- the brake pressure for the friction brakes is applied via a brake pressure generating means or via the brake pedal movement.
- the electro-regenerative brake is generally designed as an electric generator, via which at least part of the total braking power is applied.
- the electrical energy obtained is fed into or back into a storage medium such as an on-board battery and reused for driving the motor vehicle via a suitable drive.
- Regenerative braking systems can be implemented as so-called serial regenerative concepts, in which the proportion of braking torque that is generated by the generator is as high as possible.
- parallel or so-called drag torque-based regenerative concepts are also known which the braking torque is distributed to the brake actuators in predetermined ratios.
- Mixed concepts of these two braking concepts are also known. It is common to all systems that at least some areas of the braking torque to be applied are braked simultaneously with several brake actuators, so that the total deceleration is composed of the deceleration components of the brake actuators.
- x-by-wire brake systems are known in serial regenerative brake systems.
- the braking energy is generally divided into parts of the friction brakes and into parts of the electrical generator, which is dependent on the desired braking torque, the state of charge of the battery and especially the operating range and other special properties of the generator.
- the brake pressure is built up independently of the hydraulic influence of the brake pedal due to the brake energy distribution.
- the brake pressure is built up as a function of the position of the brake pedal.
- the position of the brake pedal with or without auxiliary energy, builds up the pressure of a brake medium which is absorbed by the friction brake.
- the pedal position thus corresponds to the braking behavior of the motor vehicle.
- ESP electrical stability program
- the braking behavior of an “x-by-wire” braking system is disadvantageous in that the position of the brake pedal does not correspond to the braking behavior of the motor vehicle.
- the position of the brake pedal can remain constant, which is a very unfamiliar braking sensation for the driver.
- This braking system behavior therefore represents a very poor braking comfort.
- the driver is induced to change the brake pedal position frequently due to the unusual braking sensation or braking sensation that deviates from the braking behavior of the motor vehicle, which in addition to the unusual braking sensation can reduce vehicle safety, for example by distracting the driver when braking.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for regulating a brake system which has an electrically regenerative brake, in particular a generator and a number of friction brakes, so that a high level of braking comfort can be achieved with the brake system.
- This object is achieved in that when braking with an electrically regenerative brake of a brake system described above, brake fluid is discharged into a pressure accumulator.
- the invention is based on the consideration that a braking torque of the electric regenerative brake or of the generator is available in a changing size during a braking operation.
- this is due to the fact that electric regenerative brakes such as generators have restricted working areas due to their specific properties exhibit. For example, these are limited to certain speed ranges and maximum braking torques.
- the electric-regenerative brake In order to be able to use the electric-regenerative brake with a high degree of efficiency to implement a serial regenerative brake system, it cannot be used continuously in parallel with hydraulic friction brakes, but only in the areas suitable for it.
- a desired braking torque is expediently determined via the brake pedal of the braking system.
- the brake pedal preferably has a pedal travel sensor and a pressure sensor which is positioned in the hydraulic line leading to the pressure generating means or the brake pedal.
- the pressure sensors and the pedal travel sensor can advantageously be designed redundantly for high operational reliability.
- the target braking torque can be determined from a determination of the position of the brake pedal, which is carried out via the travel sensor, and the applied brake pedal pressure, which is obtained via the pressure sensors.
- a braking operation is advantageously divided into a number of temporal phases via an electronic control unit, these differing in the distribution of the braking torque from friction brakes and electric regenerative brakes.
- This takes into account the fact that the electro-regenerative brake can only be used in selected work areas.
- the efficiency of the electric regenerative brake changes, which can change during operation, by dividing it into several timing phases, the braking torque portion of the electric regenerative brake can be increased or decreased. Through the Phase division can therefore be implemented with a high braking percentage of the electrically regenerative brake.
- a first control process is expediently carried out during a braking process via a control unit, which regulates the target brake pressure at the friction brakes and a second control process is carried out with which the pressure of a brake medium applied a brake pressure generating means reacts to set a force / travel deceleration line predetermined by the brake system for a brake generating means.
- the consideration here is that a change in the braking torque of the friction brakes causes a change in the pressure of the braking means, so that a target braking torque should first be set on the friction brakes.
- the corresponding pressure of the brake means for the brake generating means is then to be adjusted, which is preferably set at predetermined force / displacement deceleration lines in order to obtain a pressure and suitable pressure volume of the brake means corresponding to the deceleration behavior. This takes place under the requirement that the resulting pressure and the resulting pressure volume do not lead to an undesired change in the desired braking pressure on the friction brakes and, as intended, a pressure or pressure volume of the braking means which represents the braking behavior is simultaneously obtained, which is due to the Pressure generating means or the brake pedal back.
- the requirements for the underlying brake system resulting from a control process are preferably regulated via a control unit, depending on the state of the brake system.
- System one of the two phases is set.
- the brake system advantageously has, in addition to the components already described, a hydraulic unit with electrically controllable hydraulic valves and hydraulic lines which connect the components of the brake system to one another.
- the pressure accumulator is expediently designed as a low pressure accumulator in comparison to the hydraulic system of the brake system. In order to be able to discharge brake fluid into the pressure accumulator, only a hydraulic valve has to be opened due to the pressure difference.
- the hydraulic unit preferably has a further brake pressure generating means with auxiliary energy, with which hydraulic brake pressure can be generated via a brake means for the friction brakes.
- the pressure accumulator is advantageously connected on the output side to the further brake pressure generating means.
- the pressure volume of the brake fluid required for this is determined by the conveyed further pressure generating means from the pressure accumulator into the brake medium pressure circuit or the corresponding hydraulic lines of the friction brakes. This means that only the pressure volume changes and not the pressure of the brake fluid. An influence on the first brake pressure generating means is prevented.
- the pressure accumulator can also be emptied again via the further brake pressure generating means after braking by the arrangement on the output side on the pressure accumulator.
- the one brake pressure generation means is expediently an auxiliary master cylinder, in particular a tandem master cylinder, and the further pressure generation means is an electrically controllable hydraulic pump, in particular a gear pump.
- a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of a brake fluid is positioned in a number of hydraulic lines leading to the friction brakes. The processes described above can be calculated and adjusted via the electronic control unit by detecting the brake medium pressure.
- the electrically controllable hydraulic valves can preferably be controlled in such a way that pressure control can be carried out via a hydraulic valve.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are in particular the possibility of a purely serial regenerative braking system with a very comfortable braking behavior To make available.
- the braking behavior corresponds to the braking behavior of a conventional brake system with friction brakes, so that the driver does not notice a difference in the optimal case.
- a suitable brake pressure which acts back on the brake pedal, a high proportion of the braking torque of the electrically regenerative brake or the generator can be guaranteed, so that comparatively much energy is recovered when braking, which increases the efficiency of the motor vehicle.
- Figure 1 shows the braking request and the wheel brake pressure at one
- FIG. 2 shows a braking system (1) in phase 1
- FIG. 3 shows a braking system (1) in phase 2
- FIG. 4 shows a braking system (1) in phase 3
- FIG. 5 shows a braking system (1) in phase 4,
- Figure 6 shows a braking system (1) in phase 5 and
- Figure 7 is a diagram showing a pedal characteristic.
- FIG. 2 shows a basic circuit diagram of a brake system 1 for a motor vehicle.
- the braking system 1 is a regenerative braking system 1 which, in addition to the 4 friction brakes 2, also has an electrical generator 4 for generating electrical energy.
- the brake system 1 is designed as a purely serial brake system 1, with the highest possible braking torque being to be applied via the electrical generator 4 in order to achieve a high level of economy for the motor vehicle.
- a braking process is shown in FIG. 1, curve 1 representing the deceleration request entered by the driver of the motor vehicle via the brake pedal 6 and curve 2 the pressure of the brake means B of a friction brake 2 as a function of time.
- a certain initial speed of the motor vehicle is used as a basis.
- the braking process is divided into 5 phases. In phase 1, the brake pedal 6 is pressed hard. Initially, the entire braking torque is applied by the generator 4 when the brake pedal 6 is not yet fully actuated. At the transition to phase 2, the area is left in which the generator 4 can fully deliver the braking torque, so that in phase 2 the braking torque component of the friction brake 2 increases to the final value.
- phase 3 the speed of the motor vehicle dropped to an area in which the generator 4 begins with a higher degree of efficiency to work so that the braking proportion of the friction brake 2 to 0 decreases.
- phase 4 the optimal working range of the generator 4 is left again, so that the proportion of the friction brake 2 increases again.
- phase 5 the brake pedal 6 is released by the driver and the braking torques of the friction brake 2 and generator 4 decrease to 0.
- the phases of the braking process are regulated by an electronic control unit 28, which in particular also regulates the braking torque of the generator 4.
- the brake system 1 is provided with a brake booster, which is designed as a tandem master cylinder 8 with an auxiliary force.
- the brake pressure applied by the tandem master cylinder 8 is passed on to the friction brakes 2 via hydraulic lines 10 with a brake means B.
- braking means B can be derived into the pressure accumulator 12 when the generator is operating.
- the electronic control unit 28 is designed in such a way that the brake system 1 and in particular the hydraulic system of the brake system 1 can be regulated in accordance with the phases of a braking operation with the control unit 28 via corresponding electronically controllable hydraulic valves.
- the valves 14 and 16 are designated according to whether they are open or closed when de-energized, ie without electrical control.
- the SO valve 14 is open when de-energized and the SG valve 16 is closed when de-energized.
- the EU valve 18 corresponds to an electronic changeover valve.
- a control process basically has a first control process that regulates the target braking torque on the friction brakes 2 and a second control process that is used to set a force / displacement deceleration line for the brake means B that is predetermined by the brake system 1 by a corresponding position and pressure of the To reach brake pedal 6.
- the setpoint braking torque and the brake medium pressure on the friction brakes 2 serve as input and control variables.
- a displacement sensor 24, which is positioned on the brake pedal 6, and a pressure sensor 26, which is located on the tandem master cylinder, are used first 8 leading hydraulic line 10 is located, the target braking torque is determined via the electronic control unit 28.
- the brake medium pressure at the friction brakes 2 results from a pressure sensor 26 which is positioned in a hydraulic line of a friction brake.
- the brake system 1 has two pressure accumulators 12 and a number of hydraulic components for each friction brake 2.
- the control sequence of the brake system 1 for the braking process described above is explained only on a friction brake 2.
- the system components of the other friction brakes 2 function accordingly.
- the course of the braking means B in the hydraulic unit is indicated by lines.
- phase 1 of the braking process the SG valve 16 is fully opened and the SO valve 14 is opened in a controlled manner via the electronic control unit 28, so that brake medium B is discharged from the hydraulic line 10 of the friction brake 2 into the pressure accumulator 12.
- the Pressure accumulator 12 is designed as a low-pressure accumulator in comparison to hydraulic line 10.
- the operation of a friction brake is simulated by deriving brake fluid B.
- the brake pedal 6 yields in accordance with the derived pressure volume, so that a comfortable braking sensation is achieved, which corresponds to the driving behavior.
- brake medium B is pumped from the pressure accumulator 12 into the hydraulic line 10 of the friction brake 2.
- the motor pump unit 22 is used, which is positioned on the output side of the pressure accumulator 12 and is designed as a gear pump that can be controlled electrically via the control unit.
- the corresponding brake pressure of the friction brake 2 is adjusted via the SO valve 14.
- the pressure in the tandem master cylinder 8 and thus the pressure applied to the brake pedal 6 is adjusted with the EU valve 18.
- the pressures overlap. Unnecessary brake fluid B is released into the pressure accumulator 12 in a controlled manner via the SG valve 16.
- Phase 3 is shown in Figure 4.
- brake fluid B is derived into the pressure accumulator 12 via the SG valve 16.
- the pressure in the tandem master cylinder 8 is kept constant by a suitable regulation of the ASR valve 20 and the SO valve 14, so that the brake torque redistribution does not have an effect on the brake pedal 6.
- phase 4 of the braking process which is shown in FIG. 5, brake medium B is pumped from the pressure accumulator 12 with the motor pump unit 22 via the SO valve 14 back to the hydraulic line 10 of the friction brake 2 in order to increase the braking torque there.
- the brake fluid pressure in the Tandem master cylinder 8 kept constant by the SO valve 14 and superfluous brake fluid B released into the pressure accumulator 12 via the SG valve 16.
- phase 5 the pressure on the friction brake 2 is reduced via the SG valve 16 by releasing brake medium B into the pressure accumulator 12.
- the pressure in the tandem master cylinder 8 is regulated by the motor pump unit 22 and the ASRV valve 20 by the driver via the pedal travel and a force / travel deceleration characteristic.
- the SO valve 14 regulates a dynamic pressure that is higher than the pressure in the tandem master cylinder 8, so that the brake pedal 6 is pressed back to its original position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/556,925 US8123310B2 (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2004-04-29 | Method for controlling a brake system of a motor vehicle |
JP2006530171A JP2007500104A (ja) | 2003-05-13 | 2004-04-29 | 自動車のブレーキシステムをコントロールするための方法 |
EP04741492A EP1625044B1 (de) | 2003-05-13 | 2004-04-29 | Verfahren für die regelung eines bremssystems eines kraftfahrzeuges |
DE502004010675T DE502004010675D1 (de) | 2003-05-13 | 2004-04-29 | Verfahren für die regelung eines bremssystems eines kraftfahrzeuges |
DE112004000771T DE112004000771A5 (de) | 2003-05-13 | 2004-04-29 | Verfahren für die Regelung eines Bremssystems eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10321644.8 | 2003-05-13 | ||
DE10321644 | 2003-05-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004101308A1 true WO2004101308A1 (de) | 2004-11-25 |
Family
ID=33440792
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/050641 WO2004101308A1 (de) | 2003-05-13 | 2004-04-29 | Verfahren für die regelung eines bremssystems eines kraftfahrzeuges |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8123310B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1625044B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007500104A (de) |
DE (2) | DE502004010675D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004101308A1 (de) |
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DE102019113759A1 (de) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-11-26 | Zf Active Safety Gmbh | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines hydraulischen Bremssystems bei einem regenerativen Bremsvorgang, hydraulisches Bremssystem, Computerprogrammprodukt, Steuereinheit und Kraftfahrzeug |
KR20210099432A (ko) * | 2020-02-04 | 2021-08-12 | 주식회사 만도 | 전자식 브레이크 시스템 및 그 제어방법 |
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WO2007020130A1 (de) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Rekuperation von energie bei einem hybrid-fahrzeug mit einer hydraulischen oder pneumatischen bremsanlage |
US8290675B2 (en) | 2005-08-19 | 2012-10-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Recovery of energy in a hybrid vehicle having a hydraulic or pneumatic braking system |
JP2009220818A (ja) * | 2005-08-19 | 2009-10-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | 液圧式又は空圧式のブレーキ装置を備えたハイブリッド車両におけるエネルギ回収 |
EP1795414A3 (de) * | 2005-12-07 | 2010-03-31 | Mando Corporation | Bremsenergiespeichersystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Bremsverfahren dafür. |
DE102008039960A1 (de) | 2007-09-05 | 2009-03-12 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Bremssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
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US8840196B2 (en) | 2007-09-05 | 2014-09-23 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Brake system for a motor vehicle |
DE102008037466B4 (de) * | 2007-10-25 | 2019-06-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Bremssystem mit einer Kombination aus regenerativem Bremsen und Reibungsbremsen für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
WO2010069659A3 (de) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-12-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur steuerung einer bremsbetätigung einer hydraulischen fahrzeugbremsanlage und elektromechanischer bremskraftverstärker |
WO2010069659A2 (de) * | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur steuerung einer bremsbetätigung einer hydraulischen fahrzeugbremsanlage und elektromechanischer bremskraftverstärker |
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US8746380B2 (en) | 2010-02-08 | 2014-06-10 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operation of a braking system of a hybrid vehicle, braking system and vehicle |
DE102011017595A1 (de) | 2010-04-27 | 2011-10-27 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Bremssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Bremssystems |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1625044A1 (de) | 2006-02-15 |
US20070296264A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
JP2007500104A (ja) | 2007-01-11 |
US8123310B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
DE112004000771A5 (de) | 2008-02-28 |
DE502004010675D1 (de) | 2010-03-11 |
EP1625044B1 (de) | 2010-01-20 |
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