WO2004095059A1 - 人体形状測定方法とその装置 - Google Patents
人体形状測定方法とその装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004095059A1 WO2004095059A1 PCT/JP2004/004123 JP2004004123W WO2004095059A1 WO 2004095059 A1 WO2004095059 A1 WO 2004095059A1 JP 2004004123 W JP2004004123 W JP 2004004123W WO 2004095059 A1 WO2004095059 A1 WO 2004095059A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- human body
- distance
- fourier transform
- signal
- transform signal
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/0507—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves using microwaves or terahertz waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1077—Measuring of profiles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/7253—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms
- A61B5/7257—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms using Fourier transforms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/352—Receivers
- G01S7/354—Extracting wanted echo-signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/352—Receivers
- G01S7/356—Receivers involving particularities of FFT processing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to measurement of a human body shape.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-357656 (EP1365-256A1)
- Patent Document 1 discloses distance measurement using a high frequency.
- the antenna emits directional high-frequency waves and measures the strength of the standing wave composed of the reflected wave and the traveling wave while changing the high-frequency frequency.
- the obtained standing wave intensity is Fourier-transformed with respect to the frequency, the distance to the object is obtained.
- the inventors considered applying this technique to measurement of a human body shape, particularly to measurement of a human body shape for an abarrel.
- An object of the present invention is to accurately measure a human body shape using a relatively low frequency, and in particular, the accuracy of distance detection to a human body is reduced due to reflected waves from points other than the measurement target point of the human body.
- the present invention measures the strength of a standing wave caused by the reflection of a high frequency radiated toward a measurement point on the surface of a human body by changing the frequency of the high frequency and performs Fourier transform. The distance measurement is repeated while changing the measurement point, and from the peak of the Fourier transform signal at the new measurement point, the predetermined distance is determined from the distance from the human body to the previous measurement point. It is characterized by extracting objects within the range of and finding the distance to a new human body.
- the present invention measures the strength of a standing wave caused by the reflection of high-frequency waves radiated toward a measurement point on the surface of a human body by changing the frequency of the high-frequency waves and performs Fourier transform.
- a sampling means for sampling the peak of the Fourier transform signal while changing the measurement point on the surface of the human body; and Tracking means for extracting an object within a predetermined range from the distance from the human body obtained for the measurement point to obtain a new distance to the human body.
- the high-frequency wave used has a frequency of, for example, 1 to: I 0 O GH z, particularly about 10 to 5 O GH z, and is characterized in that tracking reduces a decrease in resolution due to a decrease in frequency.
- the pickup for standing wave detection and the antenna for radiation can be separate or integrated.
- the Fourier transform signal for the background is stored, the Fourier transform signal for the background is removed from the measured Fourier transform signal, and the distance to the human body is determined using the peak of the Fourier transform signal obtained by removing the Fourier transform signal for the background. Measure.
- means for obtaining approximate data of the shape of the human body is provided, and data within a predetermined range from the general data and within a predetermined range from the distance from the human body obtained with respect to the previous measurement point are provided. Extract from the Fourier transform signal to determine the distance to the human body.
- means is provided for raising and lowering the high-frequency radiation antenna along the human body.
- the peak of the Fourier transform signal that falls within a predetermined range from the distance to the human body obtained before that is extracted The distance from the new human body.
- the shape of the human body shape of the human body surface
- the new distance does not jump discontinuously from the distance to the human body obtained at other positions. Therefore, when the distance at a new measurement point is determined using the distance determined at another position as a constraint, even if there are multiple peaks at similar distances, the peak for a point other than the measurement point and the peak for the measurement point are determined. It can identify and accurately determine the human body shape. For this reason, the beam diameter of the high frequency may be large, and the frequency used can be relatively low.
- the Fourier transform signal for the background is stored and excluded from the measured Fourier transform signal, and then the peak is obtained, it is possible to reduce the peak due to something other than the human body and increase the detection accuracy. Can be.
- the shape of the human body can be estimated. If the human body is measured with a stereoscopic camera, the shape of the human body in the state of clothes can be estimated. And the true body shape is inside the body shape of the clothes. Therefore, if the body shape data and the shape of the human body in clothes are used as the outline data of the human body shape and added to the constraint conditions for the new measurement points, the tracking accuracy can be increased.
- the antenna is moved up and down along the human body, and the human body shape is scanned along the height direction.
- the human body shape can be obtained three-dimensionally.
- FIG. 1 is a front view of the human body shape measuring device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the horn antenna used in the example.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a signal processing system of the human body shape measuring device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a tracking algorithm in the human body shape measuring method according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating removal of a background signal from a Fourier transform signal in the example.
- Figure 6 shows the Fourier transform signal and the human shape along the height without tracking. It is a figure which shows a state signal.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a Fourier transform signal and a human body shape signal along the height direction when tracking is performed.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a human body shape signal in the height direction when tracking is not performed.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a human body shape signal in the height direction when tracking is performed.
- FIG. 1 shows the external shape of the human body shape measuring device 2.
- Reference numeral 4 denotes a stand on which a person stands, 6 denotes a frame surrounding the periphery, and includes a column 8.
- the elevating table 9 is moved up and down along the column 8, and one or more horn antennas 10 are provided.
- Horn antennas are high-frequency antennas with little diffraction loss, and any type of antenna can be used.
- 1 2 is a high-frequency circuit that supplies a high frequency to the horn antenna 10 and picks up a standing wave of the traveling wave in the horn antenna 10 and a reflected wave from the human body to detect and remove a DC component, for example. After that, the signal is output to the signal processing unit 14.
- the signal processing section 14 is constituted by a signal processing circuit of a digital signal processor @ personal computer level, outputs the obtained human body shape to the monitor 16 and the like, and receives an operation from the keyboard 18.
- Reference numeral 21 denotes a waveguide, which receives a high frequency from a high-frequency oscillation circuit and radiates a high frequency from a horn 22 whose tip is expanded.
- a pickup 23 is inserted into the waveguide 21, detected by a detection circuit 24 such as a Schottky diode, and a DC component is removed by a DC eliminator 25 using a capacitor and output. .
- the DC eliminator 25 need not be provided.
- FIG. 3 shows the used signal processing system.
- the high-frequency output from the high-frequency oscillation circuit 29 is radiated toward the human body 20 via the horn antenna 10.
- the high frequency used is, for example, about 10 to 15 GHz, and a relatively inexpensive high frequency element for satellite communications can be used.
- the beam diameter in a plane perpendicular to the traveling direction is, for example, about 2 cm. is there.
- a high-frequency traveling wave and a reflected wave exist in the horn antenna 10, and a standing wave is formed by these, and the energy is converted into energy.
- the proportion of traveling waves is overwhelmingly large.
- the signal is picked up by 23, detected by, for example, a half-wave by a detection circuit 24 using a Ga As-based Schottky diode or the like, and a DC component is removed by a DC eliminator 25.
- a DC component is removed by a DC eliminator 25.
- Many of the DC components are caused by traveling waves. Instead of removing the DC component with a capacitor, the signal after AD conversion may be subtracted or differentiated to remove the DC component.
- the signal from the DC eliminator 25 is fed back to the amplitude detector 26, and is fed back to the output controller 28 via an ALC (automatic level controller) 27.
- ALC automatic level controller
- feedback is applied to the output of the high-frequency oscillation circuit 29 so that the amplitude of the output signal from the DC eliminator 25 becomes substantially constant. If is small, the power of the traveling wave is increased, and if the output from the DC eliminator 25 is large, the power of the traveling wave is reduced and the power of the signal from the DC eliminator is kept almost constant.
- the detection circuit 24 does not easily detect a weak AC component, but since the signal power is almost constant, there is no problem in detection even when reflection from the human body is weak.
- the high-frequency circuit 12 changes the frequency to a plurality of, for example, 256, for one measurement point, and changes the frequency to, for example, 10 to 14 GHz or 11 to 13 GHz for a center frequency of 12 GHz. To allow for a Fourier transform over frequency.
- the AD converter 36 AD-converts the output signal of the DC eliminator 25, and the DC component in the AD-converted signal has no meaning because it appears at the position of zero distance, and is digitally processed by the DC eliminator 37. I do. For example, after level-down the AD-converted signal by a predetermined value corresponding to the DC component, Fourier transform is performed to obtain distance information.
- the FFT 38 performs a Fourier transform on the signal from which the DC component has been removed by performing an AD conversion using a fast Fourier transform or the like.
- This Fourier transform is a Fourier transform related to frequency.
- the peak of the Fourier transform signal corresponds to the distance from the antenna 10 to the human body.
- the signal obtained by AD conversion may be processed by a differential filter or the like to remove a DC component, and may be input to the amplitude detection unit 26. Further, after the signal that has been subjected to the AD conversion by the AD converter 36 is subjected to the Fourier transform by the FFT 38, the DC component may be removed by the DC eliminator 37.
- the Fourier transform signal includes signals for reflection in the antenna and reflection in a background other than the human body.
- the Fourier transform signal when there is no human body is stored in the background signal storage unit 39, and the difference from the Fourier transform signal when there is a human body is obtained by the difference unit 40.
- the effective part of the signal is extracted from the Fourier transform by removing the signal caused by the background.
- Figure 5 schematically illustrates the removal of the background signal.
- the solid line is the Fourier transform signal input from FFT 38, which is obtained by performing a Fourier transform after level shift corresponding to the DC component. From the Fourier transform signal, the signal of the dashed line stored as the background signal is subtracted to extract the peak of the Fourier transform signal due to the human body. Instead of subtracting the background, since the approximate distance to the human body is known, a window function that picks up only signals in this range may be used. However, the use of such a window function is a process similar to the tracking described later, and there is a limit to improving the accuracy.
- the human body is measured using, for example, a pair of cameras 30 and 31 to create a stereoscopic image of the human body, and the outline extraction unit 32 extracts the outline shape of the human body. Since the cameras 30 and 31 photographed the human body shape of the clothes, the actual human body surface should exist inside the human body shape extracted by the art line extraction unit 32. Alternatively, before measurement, a person's body weight, height, body fat percentage, etc. are measured, and a rough body shape is estimated in consideration of age, etc., and used instead of the signal of the pipeline extraction unit 32. Good. Further, the cameras 30 and 31 bit line extraction units 32 and the like need not be provided.
- the elevating table 9 is moved up and down by the elevating drive unit 34 to scan the surface shape of the human body within a predetermined height range.
- the left / right movement drive unit 35 moves the horn antenna 10 to the left and right, for example, or shifts the position to the left and right, so that a large signal from the human body can be obtained so that scanning is started. I do.
- the configuration of the lifting / lowering drive unit 34 and the left / right movement drive unit 35 is optional, and the left / right movement drive unit 35 need not be provided.
- the comparison unit 41 checks whether a signal having a predetermined threshold or more is obtained, and operates the left / right movement driving unit 35 so that a signal with a predetermined threshold or more is obtained. And change the direction of the horn antenna 10.
- the tracking unit 42 raises and lowers the horn antenna 10 to scan the human body shape. Measure the distance between the human body surface and the next measurement point, or from several previous measurement points, to determine the reasonable range of the distance to the next human body surface, and extract signals within this range. Perform tracking. Reasonable range means that the continuity of the human body surface is maintained or the range of irregularities on the human body surface.
- Fig. 4 shows the details of the processing of the comparison unit 41 and the tracking unit 42.
- the horn antenna is at the upper or lower end of the scan range, detects the maximum value of the Fourier transform signal input to the comparison unit 41, and checks whether the maximum value is greater than or equal to the threshold value. If the maximum value is small and below the threshold, the direction of the horn antenna is changed by the left and right motion driver 35 to search for a position where a stronger signal can be obtained, or the ALC is activated to reduce the high-frequency oscillation output. Processing such as increase is performed.
- tracking is started.
- the distance from the human body is updated and maintained as a variable "tracking position" .
- the position of the horn antenna is changed by 5 mm, and the measurement point is moved up and down to find the next maximum value .
- This maximum value is the maximum value in the output of the difference unit 40 and corresponds to the distance to the human body.
- the range in which the maximum value is detected is limited as a search range, and the distance from the human body at the previous measurement point is, for example, within ⁇ 1 cm or ⁇ 5 mm.
- the search range is limited to about ⁇ 5 mm for points obtained by excluding these measurement points. Then, the maximum value of the Fourier transform signal within the search range is detected.
- the threshold value is determined for the obtained maximum value, and if the maximum value that is equal to or higher than the threshold value is obtained, the measurement is valid and the distance to the human body at the new measurement point is obtained. If the maximum value that is higher than the threshold value is not obtained, the threshold value in the next threshold value judgment is reduced by, for example, about 5 to 10%. For example, from 5 nmi soil to 7 nn soil. The maximum value measured this time is arbitrary. For example, assuming that a valid maximum value has not been obtained, the detected maximum value is invalidated.
- a plurality of horn antennas 10 are provided to prevent interference between the antennas. Scanning along multiple lines at the same time, changing the frequency of the high frequency. If the number of antennas is small, the scanning is repeated by rotating the frame 6. By repeating such a scan, a three-dimensional shape of the human body surface can be obtained.
- Figure 6 shows an example in which tracking is not performed and the maximum value of the Fourier transform signal during the scanning process is simply used as a distance signal from the human body.
- the solid line shows the Fourier transform signal. There are two peaks near 700 mm and 900 mm, and the peak near 900 mm is large, so this is the distance signal.
- the human body shape signal obtained along the height direction by simply using the peak of the Fourier transform signal as a distance signal is indicated by dots. The position of the horizontal axis is changed between the Fourier transform signal and the human body shape signal. Without tracking as shown in Fig. 6, the human body shape signal jumps discontinuously.
- FIG. 7 shows the result when only the maximum value within a predetermined range is extracted from the distance signal at the previous measurement point for the same Fourier transform signal.
- the peak of the Fourier transform signal is split into two, but the human body shape signal is obtained as a continuous line.
- FIG. 8 shows a human body shape signal when the measurement of FIG. 6 is performed for one scan line.
- FIG. 9 shows a human body shape signal when the measurement of FIG. 7 is performed for one scan line.
- tracking can eliminate such noise.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005505697A JP4297905B2 (ja) | 2003-04-22 | 2004-03-24 | 人体形状測定方法とその装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2003116684 | 2003-04-22 | ||
JP2003-116684 | 2003-04-22 |
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WO2004095059A1 true WO2004095059A1 (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
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PCT/JP2004/004123 WO2004095059A1 (ja) | 2003-04-22 | 2004-03-24 | 人体形状測定方法とその装置 |
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WO (1) | WO2004095059A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006258467A (ja) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 定在波距離センサ |
US10254397B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2019-04-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Inspection apparatus and inspection system |
JP7433999B2 (ja) | 2020-03-13 | 2024-02-20 | 日清紡マイクロデバイス株式会社 | 距離計算装置、距離測定システム、距離計算プログラム及び距離計算方法 |
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JPS63298007A (ja) * | 1987-05-29 | 1988-12-05 | Mitsui Constr Co Ltd | 物体の形状計測装置 |
JP2765773B2 (ja) * | 1991-11-26 | 1998-06-18 | 富士通テン株式会社 | ミリ波レーダ距離速度測定装置 |
JP3098120B2 (ja) * | 1992-11-24 | 2000-10-16 | 富士通テン株式会社 | ミリ波レーダデータ対応装置 |
JP2001318143A (ja) * | 2000-05-09 | 2001-11-16 | Yokogawa Denshikiki Co Ltd | Fm−cwレーダ |
JP2002357656A (ja) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-12-13 | Tetsushi Ueyasu | 距離測定装置、距離測定設備および距離測定方法 |
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JP2541994B2 (ja) * | 1987-07-31 | 1996-10-09 | 浜松ホトニクス 株式会社 | 三次元形状計測装置 |
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JPH0455713A (ja) * | 1990-06-26 | 1992-02-24 | Kajirou Watanabe | 変位量検出方法及びその装置 |
JP3089447B2 (ja) * | 1993-11-10 | 2000-09-18 | 三井造船株式会社 | マイクロ波用アレイアンテナ装置 |
JPH07311259A (ja) * | 1994-05-20 | 1995-11-28 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | フィードスルー信号消去回路 |
JP3940826B2 (ja) * | 1996-08-29 | 2007-07-04 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 三次元形状計測装置 |
JP4644958B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-19 | 2011-03-09 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | 距離測定装置 |
JP2002286849A (ja) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-03 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 閉空間監視システム |
JP3788322B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-30 | 2006-06-21 | 株式会社村田製作所 | レーダ |
JP4644992B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-10 | 2011-03-09 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | 距離画像を用いた人体検知方法 |
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JPS63298007A (ja) * | 1987-05-29 | 1988-12-05 | Mitsui Constr Co Ltd | 物体の形状計測装置 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006258467A (ja) * | 2005-03-15 | 2006-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 定在波距離センサ |
JP4555914B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-15 | 2010-10-06 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 定在波距離センサ |
US10254397B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2019-04-09 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Inspection apparatus and inspection system |
JP7433999B2 (ja) | 2020-03-13 | 2024-02-20 | 日清紡マイクロデバイス株式会社 | 距離計算装置、距離測定システム、距離計算プログラム及び距離計算方法 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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JPWO2004095059A1 (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
JP4297905B2 (ja) | 2009-07-15 |
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