WO2004071201A1 - Helle, schlauchförmige nahrungsmittelhülle mit übertragbarem raucharoma - Google Patents
Helle, schlauchförmige nahrungsmittelhülle mit übertragbarem raucharoma Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004071201A1 WO2004071201A1 PCT/EP2004/001135 EP2004001135W WO2004071201A1 WO 2004071201 A1 WO2004071201 A1 WO 2004071201A1 EP 2004001135 W EP2004001135 W EP 2004001135W WO 2004071201 A1 WO2004071201 A1 WO 2004071201A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- food
- food casing
- value
- smoke
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/044—Smoking; Smoking devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C13/00—Sausage casings
- A22C13/0013—Chemical composition of synthetic sausage casings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
- A23L27/27—Smoke flavours
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tubular food casing impregnated with smoke aroma and based on regenerated cellulose, and to its use as an artificial sausage casing.
- Tubular food casings based on regenerated cellulose have long been used for the production of sausages.
- Sleeves made of pure cellulose as well as those with an additional fiber paper reinforcement inside are used.
- fiber sleeves made of pure cellulose as well as those with an additional fiber paper reinforcement inside.
- the cellulose In the widespread viscose process, the cellulose is converted into ceilulose xanthate after prior processing using sodium hydroxide solution and carbon disulphide. The resulting viscose solution can be used for the extrusion of tubular cellulose or fiber casings.
- the cellulose xanthate is regenerated again to cellulose under the influence of sulfuric acid.
- By-products and acid residues are removed with the help of washing baths.
- the end of the manufacturing process is a drying stage in which excess water is removed from the gel tube.
- the casings can be equipped with a plasticizer or the inner and / or outer sides of the casings can be impregnated with additional components for controlling the adhesion to the sausage meat.
- a coating can be applied which acts as an (additional) oxygen and water vapor barrier, and the outside can be impregnated with a biocide.
- Some components that serve to modify the properties of the casings can already be mixed directly with the viscose.
- processes are known in which the cellulose is brought directly into solution by the action of special solvents or complexing agents without chemically derivatizing it.
- the process is based on the solubility of cellulose in tertiary amine oxides, especially in N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO).
- NMMO N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide
- Smoking is carried out on raw sausages for hygienic reasons.
- the smell and smoky taste of the sausage promotes sales in many applications.
- the traditional smoking / experienced can be replaced by equipping the shell with liquid smoke.
- the brown discoloration of the sausage surface in all three processes is based primarily on compounds which are capable of the Maillard reaction.
- these are carbonyl compounds that react with the amino acids of the proteins in the sausage meat. It can be assumed that meat juice always soaks the sausage casing to a certain extent, so that the reaction also takes place inside the casing and leads to undesirable discoloration, particularly on the casing surface of light or white casings.
- white sausage casings inhomogeneous discoloration of the surface has previously been accepted for types of raw sausage that have to be smoked for hygienic reasons.
- brown discoloration is the inherent color of the primary and secondary pyrolysis products formed during smoke production.
- liquid smoke In the case of sausage casings impregnated with liquid smoke, the discoloration is particularly pronounced. Liquid smoke is obtained through the controlled pyrolysis of wood material and a subsequent condensation of smoke components with water. In further manufacturing steps, the condensed smoke is cleaned and concentrated as required. The process of producing liquid smoke has already been described in a large number of patents. Conventional liquid smoke has a deep dark brown to black color.
- the prior art describes numerous processes for producing sausage casings impregnated with liquid smoke.
- the liquid smoke serves both as a coloring and flavoring substance for sausages (US
- the task is solved with a special liquid smoke, in which the taste and aroma components dominate over the coloring components.
- the casing is therefore not significantly darker (expressed by the L * value) after treatment with the liquid smoke, and the L * value of the casing changes only slightly when it is removed from the food, transferred to the smell and taste of the smoke were.
- the present invention accordingly relates to a tubular food casing impregnated with smoke aroma and based on regenerated cellulose, which is characterized in that the L * value - determined according to the
- the casing has not decreased by more than 5 due to the impregnation and is still at least 40 before filling and that the L * value of the casing removed from the food is not changed by more than +5.
- the L * value of the casing has preferably decreased by 0.1 to 2 after impregnation and before filling.
- the casings were removed and their brightness and color values were determined.
- the L * value of the casing has only decreased by 0.1 to 3 after being removed from the food.
- the change in the a * and b * values is then generally not more than + 3, preferably not more than
- casings are used which are filled with raw sausage meat as defined in the examples, and are matured as described.
- the casing according to the invention is a white, cream-colored or chamois-colored casing with an L * value of more than 80, preferably more than 90.
- a liquid smoke (smoke aroma) is used, which has only a weak brown to yellow color of its own and in which taste components dominate. Color transfer is less important for raw sausage types than flavor transfer.
- the weakly colored smoke aromas result in sufficient taste transfer even in low concentrations. This prevents white or light-colored envelopes from discoloring in an undesirable manner.
- the casings treated with the smoke aroma therefore generally have a brightness value L * of more than 40 (determined according to the CIE-LAB method, DIN 6174, with illuminant D65, 10 ° normal observer).
- L * of more than 40
- the inside of the casing is expediently impregnated with the smoke aroma.
- the smoke aroma differs from conventional liquid smoke in that the
- Flavor components dominate over the coloring components. These special smoke flavors can now also be used to produce light-colored and above all white, tubular food casings based on cellulose, which can transfer the smoke aroma to the sausage meat without causing undesirable casing coloration.
- the inside of the shell can also be equipped with components, e.g. B. with substances that affect the properties of the shell, such as peelability or suppleness.
- the casing according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of raw sausage types, but also for cooked sausage and ham.
- the food casings can be in a variety of types of packaging z. B. roll goods,
- Sections and gathered caterpillars are made before the Filling process watered, or they are already made up as pre-moistened, ready-to-fill goods.
- natural smoke aromas are suitable, which are obtained in water by condensation of smoke constituents, such as are produced in the pyrolysis of hardwoods.
- the liquid smoke is cleaned and processed.
- a subsequent concentration of the taste-giving components or the addition of a taste concentrate to the liquid smoke is conceivable.
- flavor concentrates can be used, which can be produced from natural liquid smoke, for example by extraction.
- all types of natural, nature-identical and artificial flavors are suitable as a raw material base, which lead to a transfer of smoke taste to the sausage meat without causing a discoloration of the casing.
- Suitable smoke flavors based on liquid smoke are available from W. Ruitenberg Czn NN.
- the manner in which the starting material was produced is of no importance to the present invention. It can therefore be produced by the viscose process, by the ⁇ MMO process likewise described above or by any other process.
- the casing according to the invention can be produced by various methods. In this way, the casing can be passed through a drinking trough with liquid smoke. The application naturally takes place from the outside. Instead or in addition, there is the possibility of also soaking the inner surface of the casings with liquid smoke. Liquid smoke can also be brought. Then the shirring mandrel is suitably combined with a spray device. In principle, liquid smoke can be applied to the money arm (the shell before the drying process is called the money arm) or to the already dried intestine. A suitable method is described, for example, in US 4,518,619.
- the peeling properties of the sausage casing according to the invention can be controlled with the aid of additional components.
- the shell can first on the inner surface of the z. B. with a peeling component, followed by treatment with liquid smoke.
- ketene dimers or chromium fatty acid complexes mostly act as peeling components.
- liquid smoke can be applied to the outside of the casing in a first step before a peeling component is applied to the inside in a second step.
- This second step can take place before or during gathering.
- Peeling or adhesive components can also be added directly to the liquid smoke if the liquid smoke is applied via an internal impregnation of the casing.
- the casings impregnated with the light liquid smoke can be assembled in the usual way. They can therefore not only be available as rolls, but also in the form of sections tied on one side or in the form of shirred sticks.
- the food casings according to the invention can be used for the production of cooked sausage (eg ham sausage), cooked sausage (eg frankfurter sausage) and cooked or raw pickled meat products (eg cooked ham, salmon ham).
- cooked sausage eg ham sausage
- cooked sausage eg frankfurter sausage
- cooked or raw pickled meat products eg cooked ham, salmon ham.
- Your advantages come in the production of raw sausages, for example of long-life sausages, salami and dry sausages, are particularly useful.
- the aroma raw materials are applied to the inside of the light-colored to white cellulose casing or
- the internal impregnations may also contain other components.
- proteins or cationic resin components are preferably additionally added.
- the interior impregnation solutions can contain mixtures of proteins or cationic resin components with components reduced in adhesion.
- Ketene dimers or chromium fatty acid complexes are preferably used as adhesion-reducing active ingredients.
- cellulose ether derivatives such as B. carboxymethyl cellulose, ketene dimers and chromium fatty acid complexes are used.
- the smoke aroma is added to standard adhesive or peeling impregnations in a concentration of 0.5 to 20% by weight, based on the total mass of the solution.
- concentration of the smoke aroma in the impregnation solution is preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight.
- the artificial intestine is dried and packaged according to standard procedures.
- the Cases are briefly watered if necessary, or they are already ready to be filled.
- a double-viscous, white cellulose fiber cover (viscose distribution: 50% inside, 50% outside) with a caliber of 80 mm and a square meter weight of 115 g / m 2 and a paper weight of 19 g / m 2 was used.
- the inside of the shell was impregnated with 400 mg / m 2 of gluconic acid ⁇ -lactone.
- an adhesive impregnation based on polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin also referred to as polyamine-polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin
- was applied to the inside 150 mg / m 2 ).
- Example 3 the light smoke aroma specially selected for the present invention was added to a standard adhesive impregnation for white fiber casings and then the inside of the intestine was impregnated with this mixture, while in Example 2 the inside was impregnated with a conventional, dark smoke solution.
- the influence of the flavors on the shell color was examined using the CIE-LAB method.
- the color and brightness of the shell were characterized using the LAB values.
- the values were determined using a spectrometer from Dr. Lange of the LUCI 100 type.
- the L * value describes the brightness of the envelope.
- the value 100 corresponds to the highest brightness, i.e. ideal white, L * equal to 0 means black.
- + A * denotes the red component, -a * the green component.
- the + b * value describes the yellow component, the-b * value the blue component.
- the casings were measured directly after production (1) and then again after raw sausage stripping (2).
- the filled samples were peeled off and the outside LAB values were then determined. Served as a comparison
- Table 5 shows the ⁇ LAB values as a measure of the change in the brightness of the casings and casing color, caused by the casing being provided with liquid smoke, smoke aroma, the smoking and the ripening process.
- the LAB value of the unfilled casings according to Example x was used as a reference value (values marked with 1) in Tables 2 and 3) and the differences were formed with the LAB values of the respective filled casings x (values marked with 2) in Table 2 and 3).
- the ⁇ LAB values are listed in Table 5. The difference was formed according to equations 4 to 6.
- Example x denotes the casing according to Comparative Example 2 or one of Examples 3 to 8, “Sample 1” according to Comparative Example 1.
- the ⁇ LAB values in Table 4 demonstrate the slight differences in brightness and color before and after the aroma preparation of an unfilled light-colored casing.
- a change in the ⁇ a * was in the interval from -5 to +5, preferably from -1 to +1.
- a change in the ⁇ b * was in the interval from -5 to
- the preparation with conventional liquid smoke had a very clear influence on the color and brightness of the casing: the decrease in brightness was -9.68, the color of the casing increased particularly in the yellow portion.
- the smoking of the sausage with a casing according to Example 1 also had a sharp decrease in brightness with simultaneous
- the ⁇ LAB values in Table 5 show that the casings made with smoke aroma showed only very slight changes in color and brightness after maturity.
- ⁇ a * and ⁇ b * were in the interval -3 to +3, preferably -2 to +2.
- the casing treated with conventional liquid smoke according to Comparative Example 2 showed only slight changes in color and brightness after ripening, but its absolute LAB values were already significantly worse before filling.
- the L * value of the unfilled casing according to Comparative Example 2 was 85.18 compared to 94.86 for an unfilled white casing without liquid smoke.
- Table 5 ⁇ LAB values as a measure of the influence of smoke aroma, smoking and conventional liquid smoke after raw sausage ripening
- Raw sausage production (standard raw sausage): A meat made from 70% meat (from the shoulder of pork) and
- the final product had a pH of 5.3 after 6 weeks of ripening, the water activity (a w value) was 0.87%
- the filled casing was heated at 75 ° C. for 90 minutes.
- the filled casing was heated at 75 ° C. for 90 minutes.
- Tables 6 to 8 show the filling test results obtained with the casings according to Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 3 to 8 according to the invention.
- Example 2 was only assessed optically Table 7: Tests with scalded sausage meat
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112004000081T DE112004000081A5 (de) | 2003-02-13 | 2004-02-07 | Helle, schlauchförmige Nahrungsmittelhülle mit übertragbarem Raucharoma |
US10/544,096 US20060134279A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 | 2004-02-07 | Light, tubular food casing having a transferable smoke flavor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10306223A DE10306223A1 (de) | 2003-02-13 | 2003-02-13 | Helle, schlauchförmige Nahrungsmittelhülle mit übertragbarem Raucharoma |
DE10306223.8 | 2003-02-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004071201A1 true WO2004071201A1 (de) | 2004-08-26 |
Family
ID=32797407
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/001135 WO2004071201A1 (de) | 2003-02-13 | 2004-02-07 | Helle, schlauchförmige nahrungsmittelhülle mit übertragbarem raucharoma |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060134279A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10306223A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004071201A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012044940A2 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2012-04-05 | Sara Lee Corporation | Systems and methods for providing a food product with additives |
US9380804B2 (en) | 2012-07-12 | 2016-07-05 | The Hillshire Brands Company | Systems and methods for food product extrusion |
CN109000206B (zh) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-11-10 | 阜南县慧宏柳木工艺品有限公司 | 一种耐色变柳编灯罩的制备方法 |
US20220095662A1 (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-31 | General Mills, Inc. | pH Controlled Composition |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4442868A (en) * | 1982-07-08 | 1984-04-17 | Teepak, Inc. | Food casing which will transfer a smoke color and flavor to food encased therein and basic natural liquid smoke for use therewith |
US4933217A (en) * | 1979-07-31 | 1990-06-12 | Viskase Corporation | Method for external liquid smoke treatment of cellulosic food casings and casings produced thereby |
US5270067A (en) * | 1987-11-12 | 1993-12-14 | Red Arrow Products Company Inc. | Impregnated casing and method of making the same |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4604309A (en) * | 1982-05-19 | 1986-08-05 | Teepak, Inc. | Food casing which will transfer a smoke color to food encased therein and extracted natural liquid smoke colorant for use therewith |
US4446167A (en) * | 1982-07-08 | 1984-05-01 | Teepak, Inc. | Food casing which will transfer a smoke color and flavor to food encased therein and basic natural liquid smoke for use therewith |
US4518619A (en) * | 1983-02-15 | 1985-05-21 | Union Carbide Corporation | Preparation of smoke treated, stuffed food casings |
US4889751A (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1989-12-26 | Viskase Corporation | Liquid smoke impregnated peelable fibrous food casing article |
CA2047477C (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1998-04-21 | Xavier Jose Quinones | Colored cellulosic casing with clear corridor |
USH1592H (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1996-09-03 | Viskase Corporation | Cellulosic food casing |
US6032701A (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2000-03-07 | Teepak Investments, Inc. | High moisture alkali smoke food casing |
-
2003
- 2003-02-13 DE DE10306223A patent/DE10306223A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-07 US US10/544,096 patent/US20060134279A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-07 WO PCT/EP2004/001135 patent/WO2004071201A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-02-07 DE DE112004000081T patent/DE112004000081A5/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4933217A (en) * | 1979-07-31 | 1990-06-12 | Viskase Corporation | Method for external liquid smoke treatment of cellulosic food casings and casings produced thereby |
US4442868A (en) * | 1982-07-08 | 1984-04-17 | Teepak, Inc. | Food casing which will transfer a smoke color and flavor to food encased therein and basic natural liquid smoke for use therewith |
US5270067A (en) * | 1987-11-12 | 1993-12-14 | Red Arrow Products Company Inc. | Impregnated casing and method of making the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112004000081A5 (de) | 2011-06-09 |
DE10306223A1 (de) | 2004-09-02 |
US20060134279A1 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
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