WO2004028814A1 - 液体吐出装置 - Google Patents
液体吐出装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004028814A1 WO2004028814A1 PCT/JP2003/012100 JP0312100W WO2004028814A1 WO 2004028814 A1 WO2004028814 A1 WO 2004028814A1 JP 0312100 W JP0312100 W JP 0312100W WO 2004028814 A1 WO2004028814 A1 WO 2004028814A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- tip
- discharge
- solution
- liquid
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/015—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process
- B41J2/04—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand
- B41J2/06—Ink jet characterised by the jet generation process generating single droplets or particles on demand by electric or magnetic field
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/135—Nozzles
- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2002/14395—Electrowetting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid ejection device that ejects a liquid to a substrate.
- the conventional ink jet recording method includes a piezo method in which ink droplets are ejected by deforming an ink flow path by vibrating a piezoelectric element.
- a heating element is provided in the ink flow path, and the heating element generates heat to generate bubbles.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 11-2777747 or Japanese Patent Application Publication 0 0 0—1 2 7 4 10 The electrostatic suction method that charges the ink in the ink flow path and discharges the ink droplets by the electrostatic suction force of the ink as described in the bulletin of No. Many are coming.
- the above conventional example has the following problems.
- the nozzle diameter is large, the shape of the droplet ejected from the nozzle is not stable, and there is a limit to miniaturization of the droplet.
- a first object to provide a liquid ejection device capable of ejecting fine droplets.
- a second object is to provide a liquid ejection device capable of ejecting stable droplets.
- it can discharge fine droplets and achieve higher landing accuracy.
- a third object is to provide a liquid ejection device. It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive liquid ejecting apparatus capable of reducing the applied voltage. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention relates to a liquid ejection device for ejecting liquid droplets of a charged solution, comprising: a liquid ejection head having a nozzle having an internal diameter of 30 [m] or less for ejecting a liquid droplet from a tip end; A solution supply means for supplying a solution; and a discharge voltage application means for applying a discharge voltage to the solution in the nozzle, wherein a discharge electrode of the discharge voltage application means is provided at a rear end side of the nozzle, and a flow inside the nozzle is provided.
- the path length is set to be at least 10 times the internal diameter of the nozzle at the nozzle tip.
- nozzle diameter refers to the internal diameter of the nozzle at the tip end for discharging the droplet (the internal diameter of the tip end of the nozzle).
- the sectional shape of the liquid ejection hole in the nozzle is not limited to a circle.
- the cross-sectional shape of the liquid ejection hole is a polygon, a star, or another shape
- the circumscribed circle of the cross-sectional shape shall be 30 m or less.
- nozzle radius indicates 1/2 of the nozzle diameter (the inner diameter of the nozzle tip).
- the term “substrate” refers to an object to which droplets of a discharged solution are landed, and the material is not particularly limited. Therefore, for example, when the above configuration is applied to an ink jet printer, a recording medium such as paper or a sheet corresponds to the base material, and when a circuit is formed using a conductive paste, the circuit is formed. The base to be done will correspond to the substrate.
- the nozzle or the base material is arranged such that the droplet receiving surface faces the tip of the nozzle.
- the arrangement work for realizing the mutual positional relationship may be performed by either the movement of the nozzle or the movement of the base material.
- the solution is supplied into the liquid discharge head by the solution supply means.
- the solution in the nozzle is required to be charged to discharge.
- an electrode dedicated to charging for applying a voltage necessary for charging the solution may be provided.
- the solution When the solution is charged in the nozzle, the electric field concentrates, and the solution receives an electrostatic force toward the tip of the nozzle, so that a solution force bulges (convex meniscus) at the tip of the nozzle.
- the electrostatic force of the solution exceeds the surface tension at the convex meniscus, the droplet of the solution flies in a direction perpendicular to the receiving surface of the base material from the protruding tip of the convex meniscus, and receives the base material.
- a dot of solution is formed on the surface.
- the nozzle diameter is made ultra-fine in order to obtain the effect of concentrating the electric field.
- the droplet to be charged is elongated. It is desirable to become.
- the length of the internal flow path of the nozzle may be set to be long.
- the internal flow path length of the nozzle is at least 10 times the internal diameter of the nozzle, the ejection responsiveness of the fine nozzle can be improved.
- it is desirable that the flow path length of the flow path in the nozzle is longer. It is desirable to select a value (magnification with respect to the inner diameter) in consideration of difficulties in its production and a decrease in discharge stability due to clogging. As an example, the upper limit is about 150 times.
- the internal flow path length of the nozzle refers to the distance H from the nozzle plate surface to the tip of the nozzle in the case of a liquid discharge head in which the nozzle is provided on the nozzle plate (see FIG. 12). ).
- the present invention increases the electric field intensity by concentrating the electric field at the nozzle tip by making the nozzle an unprecedented ultra-fine diameter, and at the same time, up to the mirror image charge or the image charge on the substrate side induced at that time.
- the droplet flies by the electrostatic force of the electric field generated during the period.
- the counter electrode may be used in combination.
- the base material is arranged along the opposing surface of the opposing electrode, and that the opposing surface of the opposing electrode is arranged perpendicular to the direction in which droplets are ejected from the nozzle. This makes it possible to use the electrostatic force of the electric field between the nozzle and the opposing electrode together to guide the flying electrode, and if the opposing electrode is grounded, the electric charge of the charged droplets is transferred to the air. In addition to discharging, it can be released via the counter electrode, and the effect of reducing charge accumulation can be obtained.
- the internal flow path length of the nozzle may be set to at least 50 times the internal diameter of the nozzle at the nozzle tip.
- the internal flow path length of the nozzle may be set to at least 100 times or more the internal diameter of the nozzle at the nozzle tip.
- the internal flow path length of the nozzle is at least 100 times the internal diameter, thereby improving the responsiveness and miniaturization of the ejected liquid droplets, and more effectively eliminating the electric field. Therefore, it is possible to stabilize the concentration of the discharge position.
- the wall thickness of the nozzle at the tip of the nozzle may be equal to or less than the length equal to the internal diameter of the nozzle at the tip of the nozzle.
- the outer diameter of the tip surface of the nozzle can be made three times or less of the inner diameter, and the area of the tip surface can be reduced, and the size of the tip surface can be defined based on the inner diameter of the nozzle.
- the outer diameter of the nozzle tip can be defined according to the miniaturization of the inner diameter of the nozzle.
- a convex mesh formed at the nozzle tip protrudes in the ejection direction.
- the outer diameter of the varnish can be reduced in accordance with the inner diameter of the nozzle, and the discharge action by the concentrated electric field is more effectively concentrated on the tip of the meniscus, thereby improving the responsiveness and miniaturizing the droplet.
- the thickness of the wall surface of the nozzle at the tip of the nozzle may be equal to or less than 1/4, which is equal to the internal diameter of the nozzle at the tip of the nozzle.
- the outer diameter of the tip end surface of the nozzle can be made 1.5 times or less the inner diameter, and the area of the tip end surface is further miniaturized, and the size of the tip end surface is defined based on the inner diameter of the nozzle.
- the outer diameter of the nozzle tip can be defined according to the miniaturization of the inner diameter of the nozzle.
- the outer diameter of the convex meniscus protruding in the discharge direction formed at the nozzle tip can be further reduced according to the nozzle inner diameter, and the discharge action by the concentrated electric field can be more effectively applied to the meniscus tip. Concentration, which enables further improvement of responsiveness and miniaturization of droplets.
- At least the tip of the surface of the nozzle may be subjected to a water-repellent treatment.
- the tip surface of the nozzle may be an inclined surface with respect to the center line of the flow path in the nozzle.
- the inclination angle of the tip surface of the nozzle may be set in a range of 30 to 45 degrees.
- inclination angle refers to an angle based on a case where a state where the normal of the inclined surface coincides with the center line of the flow path in the nozzle is set to 90 degrees.
- the tip of the tip is inclined in a direction in which the tip becomes sharp. If this angle is too small, Discharge from the part is easy to occur, and the effect of the electric field is reduced Can be lost. Therefore, by setting the inclination angle of the inclined surface in the range of 30 to 45 degrees to prevent such a situation, it is possible to improve the responsiveness and reduce the droplet size without impairing the electric field concentration term .
- the nozzle diameter may be smaller than 20 [m].
- the inner diameter of the nozzle may be 10 [m] or less.
- the inner diameter of the nozzle may be set to 8 [m] or less.
- the inner diameter of the nozzle may be set to 4 [ ⁇ ] or less.
- the inner diameter of the nozzle is larger than 0.2 [m].
- the discharge electrode of the discharge voltage applying means may be provided on the rear end side of the nozzle.
- the discharge electrode is located near the upstream end of the flow path in the nozzle, and the discharge electrode can be kept away from the tip end for discharging the solution, and the influence of disturbance due to the discharge electrode where the potential changes constantly is maintained. And a stable discharge of the solution is performed.
- the nozzle is formed of an electrically insulating material, and an electrode for applying a discharge voltage is inserted into the nozzle or a pattern that functions as the electrode is formed.
- the nozzle is formed of an electrically insulating material, an electrode is inserted in the nozzle, or a plating as an electrode is formed, and a discharge electrode is provided outside the nozzle.
- the discharge electrode outside the nozzle is provided on, for example, the entire periphery or a part of the end surface on the tip side of the nozzle or the side surface on the tip end side of the nozzle.
- the ejection force can be improved, so that even if the nozzle diameter is further reduced, the droplet can be ejected at a low voltage.
- the base material is formed of a conductive material or an insulating material.
- the applied ejection voltage is driven in a region represented by the following equation (1).
- Ryo surface tension of the solution (N / m)
- ⁇ 0 dielectric constant of vacuum (F / m)
- d nozzle diameter (m)
- h a nozzle one substrate distance (m)
- k nozzle
- the proportionality constant (1.5 ⁇ k ⁇ 8.5) depends on the shape.
- the ejection voltage to be applied is 1000 V or less.
- the applied ejection voltage be 500 V or less.
- the distance between the nozzle and the base material be 500 [; m] or less, since high impact accuracy can be obtained even when the force nozzle diameter is fine. Further, it is preferable that the pressure is applied to the solution in the nozzle.
- a configuration in which a pulse width larger than the time constant determined by ⁇ (2) is applied may be employed.
- ⁇ dielectric constant of the solution (F / m)
- ⁇ conductivity of the solution (S / m).
- FIG. 1A is a distribution diagram of the electric field intensity when the distance between the nozzle and the counter electrode is set to 2000 [ra] when the nozzle diameter is ⁇ 0.2 [; m]
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a distribution diagram of electric field strength when the distance between the frost pole and the opposite frost pole is set to 100 [m].
- FIG. 2A is a distribution diagram of the electric field intensity when the distance between the nozzle and the counter electrode is set to 2000 [m] when the nozzle diameter is ⁇ .4 [; m]
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram of electric field strength when the distance between the electrode and the counter electrode is set to 100 m].
- Fig. 3A is a distribution diagram of the electric field strength when the distance between the nozzle and the counter electrode is set to 2000 [m] when the nozzle diameter is ⁇ [m]
- Fig. 3B is the nozzle and the counter electrode.
- FIG. 7 is a distribution diagram of the electric field strength when the distance to is set to 100 [; m].
- Fig. 4A is a distribution diagram of the electric field strength when the distance between the nozzle and the counter electrode is set to 2000 [zm] when the nozzle diameter is ⁇ 8 [m]
- Fig. 4B is the nozzle and the counter electrode.
- FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of electric field strength when the distance from the object is set to 100 [m].
- FIG. 5A is a distribution diagram of the electric field intensity when the distance between the nozzle and the counter electrode is set to 2000 [; um] when the nozzle diameter is ⁇ 20 [wm]
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of electric field intensity when a distance from an electrode is set to 100 [; m].
- FIG. 6A is a distribution diagram of the electric field intensity when the distance between the nozzle and the counter electrode is set to 2000 [; ⁇ ] when the nozzle diameter is ⁇ 50 [m]
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a distribution diagram of electric field intensity when a distance from an electrode is set to 100 [; m].
- FIG. 7 is a chart showing the maximum electric field strength under the conditions of FIGS. 1 to 6.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the maximum electric field intensity at the meniscus portion of the nozzle diameter of the nozzle and the strong electric field region.
- Fig. 9 shows the nozzle diameter of the nozzle, the discharge start voltage at which the droplet discharged from the meniscus portion starts to fly, the voltage value of the initial discharge droplet at the Rayleigh limit, and the ratio of the discharge start voltage to the Rayleigh limit voltage value.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the nozzle diameter and the region of the strong electric field in the meniscus portion.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view along a nozzle of the liquid ejection apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing reference numerals indicating respective dimensions at the tip of the nozzle.
- FIG. 13A is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a water-repellent treatment at the tip of the nozzle, and
- FIG. 13B is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the water-repellent treatment.
- FIG. 14A is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the discharging operation of the solution and the voltage applied to the solution and showing a state in which the discharging is not performed
- FIG. 14B is an explanatory view showing the discharging state
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of another nozzle provided with an inclined surface at the tip.
- FIG. 16A is a partially cut-away perspective view showing an example of the shape of the flow path in the nozzle having a rounded solution chamber side
- Fig. 16B is a view of the inside of the nozzle with the inner wall surface of the flow path tapered.
- FIG. 16C is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of the shape of the flow path.
- FIG. 16C is a partially cutaway view showing an example of the shape of the flow path in the nozzle in which a tapered peripheral surface and a linear flow path are combined. It is the perspective view which lacked.
- FIG. 17 is a table showing the results of comparative tests performed under predetermined conditions while changing the dimensions of each part of the nozzle.
- FIG. 18 is a chart showing the results of comparative tests performed under predetermined conditions while changing the dimensions of each part of the nozzle.
- FIG. 19 is shown for explaining the calculation of the electric field strength of the nozzle as an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a side sectional view of a liquid ejection device as an example of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining ejection conditions based on the relationship between distance and voltage in the liquid ejection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the nozzle diameter of the liquid ejection device described in each of the following embodiments is preferably 30 [um] or less, more preferably less than 20 [m], more preferably less than 10 [ ⁇ ], and still more preferably. Is preferably 8 [im] or less, more preferably 4 [; am] or less.
- the nozzle diameter is preferably larger than 0.2 [1].
- the relationship between the nozzle diameter and the electric field strength will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 6B.
- the electric field strength when the nozzle diameter is ⁇ 0.2, 0.4, 1, 8, 20 [; am] and the nozzle diameter ⁇ 50 m, which is conventionally used as a reference, Shows the distribution.
- the nozzle center position C indicates the center position of the liquid discharge surface of the liquid discharge hole at the tip of the nozzle.
- Fig. 1A, Fig. 2A, Fig. 3A, Fig. 4A, Fig. 5A, and Fig. 6A show the electric field strength distribution when the distance between the nozzle and the counter electrode is set to 2000 [A II].
- Figure; 3 Fig. 2B, Fig. 3B, Fig. 4B, Fig. 5B, Fig. 6B show the electric field strength distribution when the distance between the nozzle and the counter electrode is set to 100 [m].
- the applied voltage The pressure was kept constant at 200 [V] for each condition.
- the distribution lines in FIGS. 1A to 6B indicate the range of charge intensity from 1 ⁇ 10 6 [V / m] to 1 ⁇ 10 7 [V / m].
- Fig. 7 shows a chart showing the maximum electric field strength under each condition.
- FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the maximum electric field intensity and the strong electric field region when there is a liquid level at the tip of the nozzle and the nozzle diameter of the nozzle.
- the amount of charge that can be charged to a droplet is expressed by the following equation (3), taking into account the Rayleigh splitting (Rayleigh limit) of the droplet.
- Q is the amount of charge giving the Rayleigh limit (C)
- ⁇ 0 is the dielectric constant of vacuum (F / m)
- r is the surface tension of the solution (N / ix, do is the diameter of the droplet (i)) .
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of one limit voltage value and the ratio.
- nozzle diameter For example, in the graph shown in Fig. 10 showing the relationship between the nozzle diameter and the region of the strong electric field (1 X 10G [V / m] or more) at the tip of the nozzle, when the nozzle diameter becomes ⁇ 0.2 [m] or less, It is shown that the area of electric field concentration becomes extremely narrow. This indicates that the ejected droplet cannot receive sufficient energy for acceleration and the flight stability is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to set the nozzle diameter to be larger than ⁇ 0.2 [ ⁇ ].
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid ejection device 50 along a nozzle 51 described later.
- the liquid ejection device 50 is provided on a nozzle plate 56 d, and faces a nozzle 51 having an ultrafine diameter for discharging a droplet of a chargeable solution from the tip thereof, and a tip of the nozzle 51.
- a counter electrode 23 having a facing surface and supporting a substrate K on which the droplets land on the facing surface; a solution supply means 53 for supplying a solution to a flow path 52 in the nozzle 51; and a nozzle 5
- the nozzle 51 is provided with a discharge voltage applying means 35 for applying a discharge voltage to the solution in 1, and a solution suction means 40 for sucking the solution in the nozzle 51.
- the nozzle 51 and a part of the solution supply means 53 and a part of the discharge voltage applying means 35 are integrally formed by a nozzle plate 56.
- the force shown in FIG. 11 with the tip of the nozzle 51 facing upward is shown.
- the nozzle 51 is horizontal or lower, more preferably Used in a vertically downward orientation.
- Examples of the solution to be discharged by the liquid discharge device 50 include water, C ⁇ C] 2 , HB i-, HN ⁇ 3 , H 3 P ⁇ 4 , H 2 S ⁇ , and SOC 1 as the inorganic liquid. 2, S 0 2 C 1 2 , and the like FS_ ⁇ 3 H.
- Organic liquids include methanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, tert -Butanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, benzyl alcohol, ⁇ _terbineol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and other alcohols; phenol, ⁇ -cresol, m-cresol, p_cresol, etc.
- Phenols dioxane, furfural, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, methyl sorb, ethyl sorb, butyl sorb, ethyl carbyl) ⁇ -yl, butyl carbyl] ⁇ -yl, butyl carbitol acetate, epichlorohydrin, etc.
- Ethers acetone, methylethyl ketone, ketones such as 2-methyl-14-pentanone, acetofphenone; fatty acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, and trichloroacetic acid; methyl formate, ethyl formate, acetic acid Butyl, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isoptyl acetate, 3-methoxybutyl acetate, n-pentyl acetate, ethyl ethyl propionate, ethyl ethyl lactate, methyl benzoate, getyl malonate, dimethyl phthalate, getyl phthalate, Esters such as ethyl carbonate, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, cellosolve acetate, butyl carbitol acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl cyanoacetate, ethy
- the target substance to be dissolved or dispersed in the above-described liquid is a nozzle.
- a phosphor such as PDP, CRT, and FED
- a conventionally known phosphor can be used without any particular limitation.
- binder examples include cellulose such as ethylcellulose, methylcellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, and hydroxyethylcellulose, and derivatives thereof; alkyd resins; (Meth) acrylic resin such as acrylic acid copolymer, lauryl methacrylate ⁇ 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate co-reactive coalescence and its metal salts; poly such as poly N-isopropylacrylamide and poly N, N-dimethylacrylamide (Men) Acrylamide resin; styrene resins such as polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer; styrene-n-butylmethyl Styrene / acrylic resins such as tactylate copolymers; various saturated and unsaturated polyester resins; polyolefin resins such as polypropylene; hal
- the liquid ejection device 50 When the liquid ejection device 50 is used as a patterning method, it can be typically used for a display. Specifically, formation of plasma display phosphor, formation of plasma display rib, formation of plasma display electrode, formation of CRT phosphor, formation of FED (field emission display) phosphor, FED , Color filters for liquid crystal displays (RGB colored layer, black matrix layer), spacers for liquid crystal displays (patterns corresponding to the black matrix, dot patterns, etc.).
- the rib as used herein generally means a barrier, and is used to separate a plasma region of each color when taking a plasma display as an example.
- microlenses patterning applications such as magnetic materials, ferroelectrics, and conductive pastes (wiring and antennas) for semiconductor applications, and graphic applications such as ordinary printing and special media (films and fabrics). , Steel plate, etc.), curved surface printing, printing plates of various printing plates, application using the present invention such as adhesives and encapsulants for processing applications, pharmaceuticals for biotechnology and medical applications (multiple trace components It can be applied to the application of a sample for genetic diagnosis, etc.
- the nozzle 51 is integrally formed with a nozzle plate 56c described later.
- the nozzle plate 56c is vertically set up from the flat surface of the nozzle plate 56c.
- the nozzle 51 is used so as to be perpendicular to the receiving surface of the substrate K (the surface on which the droplet lands). Further, the nozzle 51 has an in-nozzle flow path 52 penetrating from the tip end thereof along the center of the nozzle.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing reference numerals indicating respective dimensions at the tip of the nozzle 51
- FIG. 13A is an explanatory diagram showing a state of water-repellent treatment at the tip of the nozzle 51
- FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing another example of the water repellent treatment.
- the nozzle 51 has a uniform opening diameter at the tip and a flow path 52 inside the nozzle, and as described above, these are formed with an ultra-fine diameter, and the nozzle diameter is preferably formed to be 30 [m] or less. Have been. In addition, it is preferably less than 20 [jm], more preferably 10 [m] or less, further preferably 8 [m] or less, and further preferably 4 [ni] or less. To give an example of the specific dimensions of each part, the internal diameter D] is set to 1 [; m] from the tip of the nozzle in the nozzle flow path 52 to the entire length of the nozzle. I am planning.
- the outer diameter Do of the nozzle at the tip of the nozzle is set to 2 [m]
- the wall thickness t of the pipe at the tip of the nozzle 51 is set to 0.5 [m] smaller than the length equal to the inner diameter Di.
- the outer diameter of the convex meniscus force of the solution formed at the distal end is reduced by reducing the distal end surface of the nozzle 51.
- the value of t may be set to 1/4 or less of the internal diameter (for example, 0.2 [m]) in order to further reduce the diameter of the tip surface of the nozzle 51.
- the diameter D Anlagen lilx of the root of the nozzle 51 is 5 [ ⁇ ], and a taper is formed on the peripheral surface of the nozzle.
- the nozzle diameter is larger than 0.2 [/ m].
- the height of the nozzle 21 may be 0 [ ⁇ ].
- the height of the nozzle 51 (the height of the upper surface layer 56c, which will be described later, protruding from the discharge side flat surface) is set to 100 m], and the shape is formed as a truncated cone that is almost infinitely conical. Have been. Since the flow path 52 in the nozzle is provided so as to penetrate the nozzle 51 and the plane portion of the nozzle plate 56c located therebelow, the height of the nozzle 51 is set to the above value. Accordingly, the flow path length of the flow path 52 in the nozzle becomes 100 [100m] or more. Thus, the flow path length of the flow path 52 in the nozzle is preferably at least 10 times the internal diameter of the nozzle at the nozzle tip. Preferably, the discharge force received from the concentrated electric field is more effectively concentrated at the tip of the nozzle 51 by setting it to 50 times or more, more preferably 100 times or more.
- the nozzle 51 was made entirely of glass as an insulating material together with the nozzle plate 56c, and was formed into the shape and dimensions shown in the figure by a femtosecond laser.
- a water-repellent treatment film 51a is formed on the tip end surface of the nozzle 51 except for the flow path 52.
- the water-repellent film 5la is formed, for example, by vapor deposition of amorphous carbon.
- the water-repellent treatment film 5 la may be formed not only on the tip end face of the nose tip 51 but also on the entire surface of the nozzle 51.
- the shape of the flow path 52 in the nozzle does not have to be a linear shape having a constant inner diameter as shown in FIG.
- the cross-sectional shape of the end portion of the in-nozzle flow path 52 on the solution chamber 54 side described later may be rounded.
- the inner diameter at the solution chamber 54 side end of the nozzle flow path 52 described later is set to be larger than the inner diameter at the discharge side end, and the nozzle flow path 5
- the inner surface of 2 may be formed in a tapered peripheral surface shape. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the solution supply means 53 is provided at a position inside the liquid discharge head 56 and at the base of the nozzle 51 and communicates with the flow path 52 inside the nozzle, and a solution chamber 54 not shown in the drawing. And a supply path 57 for guiding the solution from the solution tank to the solution chamber 54.
- the solution tank is arranged at a higher position than the nozzle plate 56 in order to supply the solution to the solution chamber 54 at a moderate pressure by its own weight.
- the supply of the solution may use the pressure difference depending on the position of the liquid discharge head 56 and the supply tank, but the supply of the solution may use a supply pump.
- the supply pump supplies the solution to the tip of the nozzle 51, and supplies the solution while maintaining the supply pressure within a range not spilling from the tip. Power depends on the design of the pump system ⁇ It basically operates when supplying the solution to the liquid discharge head 56 at the start, discharges the liquid from the liquid discharge head 56, and The supply is The solution is supplied by optimizing the volume change in the liquid discharge head 56 and the pressure of the supply pump by the convex meniscus forming means.
- the discharge voltage applying means 35 is for applying a discharge voltage provided inside the nozzle plate 56 and at the rear end side of the nozzle 51, that is, at the boundary between the solution chamber 54 and the flow path 52 in the nozzle.
- a discharge voltage power supply 31 for applying the voltage.
- the discharge electrode 58 directly contacts the solution inside the solution chamber 54 to charge the solution and apply a discharge voltage.
- the ejection electrode 58 is slightly moved away from the tip to apply the applied discharge pulse. The effect on the nozzle tip due to a sudden voltage change or the like is reduced.
- the bias voltage by the bias power supply 30 is set so that the voltage range to be applied at the time of ejection is reduced in advance by applying a normal voltage within a range in which the solution is not ejected, and the reactivity at the time of ejection is thereby reduced. We are trying to improve.
- the ejection voltage power supply 31 outputs a pulse voltage only when the solution is ejected, and applies the pulse voltage to the ejection electrode 58 while being superimposed on the constantly output bias voltage.
- the value of the pulse voltage is set so that the superimposed voltage V at this time satisfies the condition of the following equation (1).
- ⁇ surface tension of solution (N / m)
- ⁇ 0 dielectric constant of vacuum (F / m)
- d nozzle diameter (m)
- h distance between nozzle and substrate (ni)
- k nozzle
- the proportionality constant 1.5 x k x 8.5) depends on the shape.
- the noise voltage is applied at DC 300 [V] and the pulse voltage is marked at 100 [V]. Therefore, the superimposed voltage at the time of ejection is 400 [V].
- the liquid discharge head 56 includes a base layer 56 a located at the lowest layer in FIG. A flow path layer 56 b that forms a supply path for the solution located thereon, and a nozzle plate 56 c formed above the flow path layer 56 b The discharge electrode 58 described above is interposed between b and the nozzle plate 56c.
- the base layer 56a is formed of a silicon substrate or a resin or ceramic having a high insulating property.
- a photoresist layer is formed thereon, and the pattern of the supply path 57 and the solution chamber 54 is developed and exposed.
- the insulating resin layer is removed by leaving only a part following the supply path 57 and the solution chamber 54, and an insulating resin layer is formed on the removed part.
- This insulating resin layer becomes the flow channel layer 56b.
- an ejection electrode 58 is formed on the upper surface of the insulating resin layer by using a conductive material (for example, NiP).
- a nozzle plate 56c made of a glass material processed by the femtosecond laser as described above is provided thereon.
- a water-repellent film 51a is formed by vapor-depositing amorphous carbon on the tip of the nozzle 51 to complete the nozzle plate 56c.
- the materials of the nozzle plate 56 c and the nozzle 51 are, specifically, insulating materials such as epoxy, PMMA, phenol, soda glass, quartz glass, semiconductors such as Si, Ni, and SUS.
- a conductor such as
- the nozzle plate 56c and the nozzle 51 are formed of a conductor, at least the tip end face at the tip end of the nozzle 51, and more preferably, the peripheral surface at the tip end is coated with an insulating material.
- Providing power S desirable.
- the opposing electrode 23 has an opposing surface perpendicular to the direction in which the nozzle 51 projects, and supports the base material K along the opposing surface.
- the distance from the tip of the nozzle 51 to the facing surface of the counter electrode 23 is set to, for example, 100 [/ ini].
- the counter electrode 23 is grounded, the ground potential is always maintained. Therefore, when the pulse voltage is applied, the discharged droplet is guided to the counter electrode 23 side by electrostatic force due to an electric field generated between the tip of the nozzle 51 and the opposing surface.
- the liquid discharge device 50 discharges droplets by increasing the electric field strength by the electric field concentration at the tip of the nozzle 51 due to the ultra-miniaturization of the nozzle 51, the liquid is discharged by the counter electrode 23. Although it is possible to discharge droplets without the above, it is desirable that guidance by electrostatic force be performed between the nozzle 51 and the counter electrode 23. In addition, it is possible to release the charge of the charged droplet by grounding the counter electrode 23.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B The ejection operation of the night body ejection device 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 14A and 14B.
- Fig. 14 ⁇ and Fig. 14 ⁇ are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship with the voltage applied to the solution.
- Fig. 14 ⁇ shows a state in which ejection is not performed, and
- Fig. 14B shows an ejection state.
- the solution has already been supplied to the nozzle flow path 52, and in such a state, a bias voltage is applied to the solution via the discharge electrode 58 by the bias power supply 30. In this state, the solution is charged and a solution (a concave meniscus is formed) at the tip of the nozzle 51 (FIG. 14A;).
- the solution When a discharge pulse voltage is applied by the discharge voltage power supply 31, the solution is guided to the tip side of the nozzle 51 by the electrostatic force due to the electric field strength of the concentrated electric field at the tip of the nozzle 51, and protrudes to the outside.
- the convex meniscus is formed, and the electric field is concentrated by the apex of the convex meniscus, and finally, a microdroplet is ejected to the counter electrode side by piled up on the surface tension of the solution (Fig. 14B). .
- the night body discharge device 50 discharges droplets using a nozzle 51 having a fine diameter, which has not existed in the past, the electric field is concentrated by the charged solution in the nozzle flow path 52, and the electric field strength is increased. The degree is raised. For this reason, a nozzle with a small diameter, which was considered impossible to discharge because the voltage required for discharge was too high with a nozzle (for example, inner diameter 100 [m]) having a structure in which the electric field was not concentrated as in the past It is possible to discharge the solution by using a lower voltage than before.
- the vapor pressure is reduced even for minute droplets, and by suppressing evaporation, loss of droplet mass is reduced and flight is stabilized. This prevents a drop in droplet landing accuracy.
- the inner diameter of the nozzle is set to 100 times or more of the internal diameter, the effect of concentrating the electric field can be obtained more effectively, and the responsiveness of the droplet ejection and It is possible to miniaturize the discharged droplet and to stabilize the concentration of the discharged position.
- the outer diameter of the tip of the nozzle 51 may be set to be three times or less the inner diameter. This makes it possible to effectively concentrate the ejection action by the concentrated electric field at the tip of the meniscus by miniaturizing the convex meniscus, thereby improving responsiveness and miniaturizing the droplet.
- the water-repellent treatment film 51 a is provided on the front end surface of the nozzle 51, it is possible to form a convex meniscus according to the inner diameter of the nozzle 51, and more effectively the meniscus tip
- the discharge action by the concentrated electric field is concentrated on the portion, and it is possible to improve the responsiveness and to make the droplet smaller.
- the significance of miniaturization of the convex meniscus by reducing the wall thickness t of the nozzle 51 becomes less significant. In this case, it can be accommodated within the band of the tip surface, and has the effect of maintaining the miniaturization of the convex meniscus in two steps.
- the tip surface of the nozzle 51 may be an inclined surface 51b with respect to the center line of the flow path 52 in the nozzle.
- the inclination angle of the inclined surface 51b (90 degrees when the normal line of the inclined surface 51b coincides with the center line of the flow path in the nozzle) is preferably in the range of 30 to 45 [°]. Here, it is 40 [°].
- an electrode may be provided on the outer periphery of the nozzle 51, or an electrode may be provided on the inner surface of the nozzle flow path 52, and the electrode may be covered with an insulating film. good. Then, by applying a voltage to this electrode, the wettability of the inner surface of the in-nozzle flow path 52 can be increased by an electro-rowing effect with respect to the solution to which the voltage is applied by the discharge electrode 58, The solution can be smoothly supplied to the inner channel 52, and the discharge can be performed well, and the response of the discharge can be improved.
- FIG. 17 is a chart showing the results of the comparative test.
- D, D on the top layer (including the nozzle) of the nozzle plate. , D raax , and H were compared for eight types of objects processed by femtosecond laser from a glass material so as to have the dimensions shown below.
- the configuration is the same as that of the liquid ejection device 50 shown in the first embodiment.
- a nozzle having an inner diameter of 1 [m] for the flow path in the nozzle and the discharge opening is used.
- the driving conditions are as follows: (1) The frequency of the pulse voltage that triggers the ejection is 1 [kHz], and 100 ejection droplets are sampled. (2) The ejection voltage: the bias voltage is 300 [V]. The discharge pulse voltage is 100 [V], (3) the distance from the nozzle tip to the counter electrode is 100 [m], (4) the solution is water, and its physical property is viscosity: 8 [cP] (8X10-Pa). -S]), specific resistance: 108 [Qcm], surface tension 30 X 10 3 [ ⁇ / ⁇ ]], and (5) the substrate is a glass substrate.
- the nozzle height H is set to 50 [m], which is 50 times the internal diameter
- the droplet diameter of the discharged liquid is reduced to OS m, which is smaller than the internal diameter of the nozzle. A remarkable reduction in the variation of the cut diameter was observed.
- the nozzle height H was set to 100 [wm], which is 100 times the internal diameter, the uniformity was improved to 5 and a remarkable reduction in variation in the dot diameter was observed.
- FIG. 18 is a chart showing the results of the comparative test.
- the value of ⁇ (see Fig. 12) in the upper layer (including the nozzle) of the nozzle plate was adjusted to the following dimensions, and the angle of inclination of the inclined surface at the tip of the nozzle was as shown below.
- a glass material is processed by a femtosecond laser, and a water-repellent film is not formed. 9 are compared for nine types of objects. No. 1
- Water-repellent film Tip surface + outer peripheral surface (Fig. 13B), inclination angle 90] (no inclination)
- the structure is the same as that of the liquid ejection device 50 shown in the first embodiment. It is good. In other words, a nozzle with an internal diameter of 1 [; am] for the flow path inside the nozzle and the discharge opening is used.
- the driving conditions are as follows: (1) The frequency of the pulse voltage that triggers the ejection is 1 [kHz], and 100 ejection droplets are sampled. (2) The ejection voltage: the bias voltage is 300 [V]. The discharge pulse voltage is 100 [V], (3) the distance from the nozzle tip to the counter electrode is 100 [/ m], (4) the solution is water, and its physical properties are viscosity: 8 [cP] (8 ⁇ 10 2). [Pa-S]), specific resistance: 10 8 [ ⁇ ], surface tension 30 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 [ ⁇ / ⁇ ], and (5) the substrate is a glass substrate.
- the wall thickness t at the tip of the nozzle is 2 [/ ⁇ ], which is larger than the inner diameter, as compared to ⁇ .1. (No. 2), a remarkable improvement in response was observed, and when t was set to 0.2 [m] smaller than the inner diameter of 1 Z4 (No. 3), a further improvement was observed.
- TO . [V / m] at the tip of the convex meniscus at the tip of the nozzle is f 1 V, assuming that the radius of curvature of the tip of the convex meniscus is R [m].
- kR a proportional constant, which varies depending on the nozzle shape, etc., but takes a value of about 1.5 to 8.5, and is considered to be about 5 in most cases.
- the condition under which the fluid is ejected by the electrostatic force is p> p s (12) because the electrostatic force exceeds the surface tension.
- the electrostatic pressure can exceed the surface tension.
- FIG. 9 shows the dependence of the discharge limit voltage Vc on the nozzle having a certain inner diameter d. From this figure, it was clarified that the discharge start voltage decreases as the nozzle diameter decreases, considering the effect of concentrating the electric field by the fine nozzle.
- the voltage required for ejection increases as the size of the nozzle becomes smaller.
- the discharge voltage can be reduced by making the nozzle fine.
- Discharge by electrostatic suction is basically based on charging of a liquid (solution) at a nozzle end. It is considered that the charging speed is about a time constant determined by dielectric relaxation. ⁇
- the frequency is about 10 kHz.
- the flow rate G in the nozzle can be estimated as l0-i3 ⁇ 4i 3 / s.
- the discharge at 10 kHz is possible, so 1
- the minimum discharge rate in a cycle can be about lOfl (femtoliter, lfl: 10-) 5 1).
- Each of the above embodiments is characterized by the effect of concentrating the electric field at the tip of the nozzle and the effect of the image force induced on the opposing substrate, as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the substrate or the substrate support conductive as in the prior art, or to apply a voltage to the substrate or the substrate support. That is, it is possible to use an insulating glass substrate, a plastic substrate such as polyimide, a ceramic substrate, a semiconductor substrate, or the like as the substrate.
- the voltage applied to the electrode may be either positive or negative.
- the distance between the nozzle and the substrate at 500 [n] or less, it is possible to easily discharge the solution.
- FIG. 20 is a side sectional view of a nozzle portion of a liquid ejection apparatus as another example of the basic example of the present invention.
- An electrode 15 is provided on the side surface of the nozzle 1, and a controlled voltage is applied between the electrode 15 and the solution 3 in the nozzle.
- the purpose of this electrode 15 is to control the Electrowetting effect. If a sufficient electric field is applied to the insulator that composes the nozzle, the Electrowetting effect is expected to occur without this electrode. However, in this basic example, the role of the ejection control is also achieved by more positively controlling using this electrode.
- the nozzle 1 is made of an insulator, the nozzle thickness at the tip is lim, the inner diameter of the nozzle is 2 m, and the applied voltage is 300 ⁇ , the electrowetting effect will be about 30 atm. Although this pressure is insufficient for discharge, it is significant from the point of supply of the solution to the tip of the nozzle, and it is considered that discharge can be controlled by this control electrode.
- FIG. 9 described above shows the dependence of the ejection start voltage on the nozzle diameter in the present invention.
- the liquid ejection device shown in FIG. 11 was used. As the size of the nozzle became smaller, the discharge start voltage decreased, and it became clear that discharge could be performed at a lower voltage than before.
- the condition of the solution discharge is a function of the distance between the nozzle and the substrate (h), the amplitude of the applied voltage (V), and the frequency of the applied voltage (f). It is necessary to satisfy the conditions as a discharge condition. Conversely, if any one of the conditions is not met, the other parameters need to be changed.
- the present invention can be applied to normal printing for graphic use, printing on special media (film, cloth, steel plate, etc.), curved printing, etc., or wiring using a liquid or paste conductive material.
Landscapes
- Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003264552A AU2003264552A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-09-22 | Liquid jetting device |
EP03798449A EP1550555B1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-09-22 | Liquid jetting device |
US10/529,004 US7337987B2 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-09-22 | Liquid jetting device |
DE60331332T DE60331332D1 (de) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-09-22 | Flüssigkeitsstrahlvorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002-278232 | 2002-09-24 | ||
JP2002278232 | 2002-09-24 | ||
JP2003293055A JP2004136652A (ja) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-08-13 | 液体吐出装置 |
JP2003-293055 | 2003-08-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004028814A1 true WO2004028814A1 (ja) | 2004-04-08 |
Family
ID=32044603
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2003/012100 WO2004028814A1 (ja) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-09-22 | 液体吐出装置 |
Country Status (9)
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US (1) | US7337987B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1550555B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2004136652A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100939584B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100396489C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003264552A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60331332D1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI289509B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004028814A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2005059215A (ja) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-03-10 | Sharp Corp | 静電吸引型流体吐出装置 |
US7665829B2 (en) | 2004-07-26 | 2010-02-23 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | Liquid solution ejecting apparatus |
JP2006297754A (ja) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-11-02 | Sharp Corp | 流体吐出装置および流体吐出方法 |
JP5009089B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-22 | 2012-08-22 | 株式会社リコー | 液滴飛翔装置及び画像形成装置 |
US8373732B2 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2013-02-12 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Liquid droplet flight device and image forming apparatus with electrowetting drive electrode |
KR101020852B1 (ko) * | 2008-10-20 | 2011-03-09 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 잉크젯 헤드 제조방법 |
US20140349034A1 (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2014-11-27 | Inventech Europe Ab | Coating Device for Coating an Elongated Substrate |
JP5271437B1 (ja) | 2012-05-14 | 2013-08-21 | ナガセテクノエンジニアリング株式会社 | 静電塗布装置及び液体の塗布方法 |
KR101369470B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 | 전기수력학적현상을 이용하는 프린팅 장치 및 그를 이용한 프린팅 방법 |
CN104294496A (zh) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-21 | 上海开通数控有限公司 | 染色刺绣一体化电脑绣花机 |
KR101466058B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-12-10 | 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 | 전기수력학적현상을 이용하는 프린팅 장치 및 그를 이용한 프린팅 방법 |
JP7145424B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-29 | 2022-10-03 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 放電装置 |
JP7256273B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-01 | 2023-04-11 | エックスティーピーエル エス.アー. | 流体を印刷する方法 |
KR102453344B1 (ko) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-10-12 | 주식회사 제이마이크로 | 정전분무 노즐 필름 및 이를 구비한 정전분무 시스템 |
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- 2003-09-22 WO PCT/JP2003/012100 patent/WO2004028814A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-09-22 KR KR1020057005124A patent/KR100939584B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-09-22 DE DE60331332T patent/DE60331332D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-22 AU AU2003264552A patent/AU2003264552A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-22 EP EP03798449A patent/EP1550555B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-22 US US10/529,004 patent/US7337987B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-22 CN CNB038227509A patent/CN100396489C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1550555A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
KR100939584B1 (ko) | 2010-02-01 |
TWI289509B (en) | 2007-11-11 |
AU2003264552A8 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
CN1684833A (zh) | 2005-10-19 |
JP2004136652A (ja) | 2004-05-13 |
TW200420433A (en) | 2004-10-16 |
US20060043212A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
EP1550555B1 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
AU2003264552A1 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
EP1550555A4 (en) | 2008-08-27 |
DE60331332D1 (de) | 2010-04-01 |
US7337987B2 (en) | 2008-03-04 |
KR20050055727A (ko) | 2005-06-13 |
CN100396489C (zh) | 2008-06-25 |
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