WO2004018744A1 - 結晶核の製造方法および結晶化条件スクリーニング方法 - Google Patents
結晶核の製造方法および結晶化条件スクリーニング方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004018744A1 WO2004018744A1 PCT/JP2003/010681 JP0310681W WO2004018744A1 WO 2004018744 A1 WO2004018744 A1 WO 2004018744A1 JP 0310681 W JP0310681 W JP 0310681W WO 2004018744 A1 WO2004018744 A1 WO 2004018744A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- laser
- container
- crystal
- crystallization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B7/00—Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/54—Organic compounds
- C30B29/58—Macromolecular compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
- Y10S117/903—Dendrite or web or cage technique
- Y10S117/904—Laser beam
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing crystal nuclei and a method for screening crystallization conditions.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of easily and efficiently producing high-quality crystals, and to provide a technique capable of easily determining crystallization conditions.
- This is the second purpose.
- a method for producing a crystal nucleus according to the present invention comprises: a picosecond pulse laser and a femtosecond pulse laser for a solution in which a solute to be crystallized is dissolved. This is a method of generating a crystal nucleus by irradiating at least one of the pulse lasers.
- the screening method for crystallization conditions of the present invention comprises: a picosecond pulse laser and a femtosecond pulse laser for a solution in which a solute to be crystallized is dissolved.
- At least one of a step of irradiating at least one of the pulse lasers, a step of determining whether crystal nuclei are generated by the laser irradiation, and a step of determining whether a solute is changed by the laser irradiation is changed by the laser irradiation.
- the generation of crystal nuclei is observed by irradiating the pulse laser, and if the crystal nuclei are generated, it can be determined that the conditions of the solution and the like are suitable for crystallization.
- the state of the solute is observed by irradiating the pulse laser, If the quality has changed, it can be determined that the conditions such as the solution are suitable for crystallization.
- the change in the solute is, for example, a change in the three-dimensional structure (denaturation).
- a supersaturated solution is irradiated with at least one of a picosecond pulse laser and a femtosecond pulse laser, crystal nuclei are generated, but the mechanism is unknown.
- the present inventors presume as follows. That is, at the focal point of the pulse laser, a high density of photons is concentrated, so that several photons collide with one solute molecule or solvent molecule, and the phenomenon of absorbing light (multiphoton absorption) has a high probability. Occur. As a result, when the pulsed laser is focused, an explosion phenomenon (laser ablation) is induced at the focal point due to rapid light absorption. Crystal nucleation is thought to occur as a perturbation. Then, the following three mechanisms can be considered.
- the pulse laser causes photothermal conversion, and the solution near the focal point evaporates instantaneously, resulting in crystal nuclei as a result of solute concentration.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a laser irradiation apparatus used in one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an example of an apparatus for measuring the magnitude of a shock wave due to laser irradiation.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a relationship between a shock wave of a pulsed laser and the movement of a particle.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a moving distance of a particle due to a shock wave measured by the apparatus and a focal point of a laser beam.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the intensity of the shock wave and the laser intensity measured by the above-mentioned device.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a laser irradiation apparatus used in another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a laser irradiation apparatus used in still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a photograph of a protein crystal generated in one example of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a photograph of a protein crystal generated in another example of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a photograph of a protein crystal generated in still another example of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a photograph of a protein crystal generated in still another example of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a photograph of a protein crystal generated in still another example of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a photograph of a protein crystal generated in still another example of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the stirring device used in Reference Example 2.
- FIGS. 15A and 15B are photographs showing crystals obtained by the conventional method
- FIGS. 15C and 15D are photographs showing the crystals obtained in Reference Example 2.
- FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing an example of the container of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing an example of the plate of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a view showing another example of the container of the present invention, wherein A is a plan view and B is a plan view.
- FIG. 19 is a view showing still another example of the container of the present invention, where A is a plan view and B is a cross-sectional view.
- FIG. 20 is a sectional view showing still another example of the container of the present invention.
- the present invention will be described in more detail.
- at least one of a picosecond pulse laser and a femtosecond pulse laser is focused into a solution by a lens, and a single or multiple local lasers are focused at the focusing position. It is preferable to cause an explosion phenomenon, thereby generating a crystal nucleus, and it is also preferable to change a solute according to the explosion phenomenon.
- the light density (photon flux) of the pulse laser is, for example, 5 ⁇ 10 5 (watt) or more, and preferably 2 ⁇ 10 9 (watt) or more.
- the upper limit of the light density of the pulse laser is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 18 (watt) or less, preferably 10 15 (watt) or less, and more preferably 10 12 (watt) or less. is there.
- the laser conditions are set according to the time width, for example, as follows. be able to.
- the pulse laser includes a picosecond pulse laser and a femtosecond pulse laser, and among them, the femtosecond laser is particularly preferable.
- Pulsed laser irradiation may be performed singly or may be performed repeatedly.
- the number of pulsed laser irradiations is not particularly limited, but is, for example, in the range of 1 (single shot) to 1,000,000 shots. Also, repeat multiple
- the laser repetition frequency in the case of irradiation is, for example, in the range of 1/10000000 Hz to 1 kHz.
- the irradiation time is not particularly limited, and is, for example, in the range of 1 second to 1 hour.
- the solution in which the solute to be crystallized is dissolved is preferably a supersaturated solution, and more preferably a low supersaturated solution.
- the concentration of the protein solution is, for example, 200 to 500%, preferably 100 to 300%, and more preferably 50 to 200%.
- the concentration of the organic solution is, for example, 20 to 50%, preferably 10 to 30%, and more preferably 5 to 20%.
- the proteins targeted by the present invention include, for example, lysozyme, glucose isomerase, xinylase, myoglobin, catalase, trypsin, human lysozyme, photoactive yellow protein, phosphoenolpyruvate lipoxylase, and liponuclease.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an apparatus for performing the method of the present invention.
- this apparatus has a phytom-second laser irradiation means 1, a mechanical shirt 1, a half-wave plate 3, a polarizer 4, a condenser lens 5, and a thermostatic water bath 8.
- a constant temperature water tank 8 contains water 9, in which a sample container 6 containing a solution 7 in which a solute to be crystallized is dissolved is arranged.
- the solubility of the solution 7 is lowered by gradually lowering the temperature to make the solution 7 in a supersaturated state.
- the crystal growth is accelerated.
- the laser beam 10 is irradiated from the laser beam irradiation means 1
- the laser beam 10 passes through the mechanical shirt 1, the half-wave plate 3, the polarizer 4, and the condenser lens 5, and in the solution 7.
- the light is condensed, and an explosion occurs due to rapid light absorption, which induces crystal nucleation.
- a high quality single crystal can be obtained by slowly growing it over time based on this crystal nucleus.
- screening crystallization conditions prepare a plurality of solutions in which the concentration of the solution, the composition ratio of the solute, and the temperature conditions are slightly changed, irradiate them with laser light, and observe the solution. Then, when the generation of crystal nuclei and the change in the solute can be confirmed, the solution is determined to be suitable for the crystallization conditions. Otherwise, it is determined that the crystallization conditions are not suitable.
- the screening method of the present invention is preferably used as a primary screening for determining crystallization conditions.
- the solution in which the solute to be crystallized is dissolved generates the crystals while agitating the solution by moving a container containing the solute, and grows the crystals.
- the solution in which the solute to be crystallized is dissolved instead of directly stirring the solution itself, by rotating, vibrating, or oscillating the container containing the solution, indirectly stirring the solution, it is easy and gentle stirring.
- the convection of the solution Can be freely controlled, so that stirring suitable for crystal formation can be selected.
- the movement is not particularly limited, and includes rotation, vibration, swing, and the like, and may be a combination of two or more of these.
- the degree of the movement is not particularly limited, and is appropriately determined according to the type of the polymer solution and the like. In the case of circular motion, for example, it is 10 to 1000 rpm, preferably 30 to 200 rpm, and more preferably 50 to 100 rpm.
- the container is not particularly limited, and for example, a beaker, a petri dish, and a plate having a plurality of holes can be used.
- the generation and growth of crystals can be performed, for example, by bringing the solution into a supersaturated state.
- the supersaturated state may be obtained, for example, by evaporating the solvent in the solution.
- Evaporation is not particularly limited, and includes spontaneous evaporation, evaporation by heating, evaporation by drying under reduced pressure, freezing by freeze drying, and the like.
- another container containing a reservoir solution in which components other than the solute are dissolved at a higher concentration than the solution is prepared, and in this container and the container containing the solution to be crystallized, steam is removed.
- the evaporation of the solution to be crystallized can be promoted under mild conditions, which is particularly preferable for biomolecules such as easily denatured proteins.
- Such a method is usually called a vapor diffusion method.
- the field of crystal growth is not particularly limited.
- the grown crystals sediment because they are heavier than the solution and move to the bottom of the vessel.
- Such a method is usually referred to as a sitting drop method.
- crystals form at the bottom of the vessel. If it gets longer, it may stick here and interfere with collection. Therefore, it is preferable that a liquid having a higher specific gravity than the solution to be crystallized is put into the container, and crystals are grown at an interface between the liquid having a higher specific gravity and the solution.
- a method is usually referred to as a floating-drop method.
- the substance to be crystallized is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include resins, proteins, saccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids.
- the container of the present invention is a container used for the production method or screening of the present invention.
- the containers of the present invention are the following three types of containers.
- the first container of the present invention is a container used for the method for producing a crystal nucleus or a crystal of the present invention or a container used for screening of the crystallization conditions of the present invention, wherein the first container for containing a solution of the substance to be crystallized is provided.
- This container promotes the evaporation of the solvent in the solution of the crystallization target substance by the so-called vapor diffusion method and promotes the generation of crystals of the crystallization target substance.
- vapor diffusion method By irradiating one room with a single laser beam, crystal nuclei are forcibly generated, and crystallization conditions are screened. Further, a plurality of the first containers may be formed in one plate.
- the second container of the present invention is a container used for the method for producing a crystal nucleus or a crystal of the present invention or a container used for screening of the crystal conditions of the present invention.
- a second chamber for storing a reservoir solution in which only a component other than the crystallization target substance in the solution of the crystallization target substance is dissolved at a higher concentration than the solution of the crystallization target substance; and And a passage through which gas can pass, and a plurality of the first rooms, which communicate with one or more of the second rooms through a plurality of the passages.
- the plurality of passages are containers having at least one of different passage diameters or passage lengths, respectively, and a part or the whole of the first chamber is in the solution of the substance to be crystallized.
- the one ray can be irradiated
- Such as in a container is transparent or semi-transparent.
- This container promotes the evaporation of the solvent of the solution of the substance to be crystallized by the so-called vapor diffusion method, and promotes the generation of crystals of the substance to be crystallized. Since either or both are different, multiple vapor diffusion conditions can be set at the same time. In this process, the optimum conditions for crystallization are screened, and crystals are generated under those conditions.
- a plurality of the second containers may be formed in one plate.
- the third container of the present invention is a container used for the method for producing a crystal nucleus or crystal of the present invention or a container used for screening of the crystal conditions of the present invention, wherein the solution of the substance to be crystallized and the crystallization
- This container promotes the evaporation of the solvent of the solution of the crystallization target by the so-called vapor diffusion method, and generates crystals of the crystallization target at the interface between the solution of the crystallization target and the immiscible high specific gravity liquid.
- the solution of the substance to be crystallized may be small.
- the immiscible high specific gravity liquid located in the large volume portion of the first chamber is stirred with, for example, a magnet stirrer, the solution of the target substance to be crystallized is indirectly stirred. It is possible to stir and further promote crystallization.
- the shape of the lower large volume portion is an inverted truncated cone or inverted pyramid shape
- the shape of the upper small volume portion is a cylinder or a square tube,
- the two are connected.
- a droplet of the solution of the crystallization target substance is formed on the tip opening of the upper small volume portion, and in this state, the crystallization target substance is formed. It is possible to evaporate the solvent of this solution.
- a plurality of the third containers may be formed in one plate.
- the substance to be crystallized is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, a resin, a protein, a saccharide, a lipid, and a nucleic acid.
- the container of the present invention is applied to protein crystallization.
- Proteins include, for example, chicken egg white lysozyme, human lysozyme, glucose isomerase, xinalase, phosphoenolpyruvate lipoxylase, liponuclease, prostaglandin F2 synthetic enzyme, adenosine deaminase,
- One example is the transport of major foreign substances.
- the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used in Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Example 1 and Reference Example.
- This device focuses a high-power femtosecond titanium sapphire laser 10 by a lens 5 with a focal length of 170 dragons and irradiates it to a sample solution 7 in a thermostatic water bath 8.
- the thermostatic bath 8 can control the temperature with an accuracy of ⁇ 0.05.
- Laser 10 has a wavelength of 800 nm and a time width of 120 fs.
- the repetition frequency of laser oscillation can be adjusted from 1 kHz to 1 Hz.
- the repetition frequency is adjusted to 20 Hz, and the single pulse is extracted by opening the mechanical shutter 22 for 50 ms from the pulse train.
- the laser light intensity can be adjusted by the half wavelength 3 and the polarizer 4. In this apparatus, it is possible to irradiate the laser pulse intensity to the sample solution 7 250 J / pulse (2 X 1 0 9 wa tt). (Example 1)
- DAST 4-dimetyl amino-N-metyl-4-N-sti ibazolium tosylate
- Teflon container 6 having a capacity of 200 ml together with 200 ml of methanol and a rotor.
- Solution 7 was divided into three parts to form a growth solution. 'At this time, the rotor was removed. After 16 hours of solution preparation, the mixture was heated at 55 ° C for 10 hours, and then lowered by 3 ° C every hour to 23 ° C.
- Chicken egg white lysozyme was used for crystal nucleation.
- the solution was prepared by adding 0.467 g of sodium acetate trihydrate to 50 ml of distilled water, adjusting the pH to 4.5 by adding acetic acid, and then adding 1.25 g of sodium chloride and 1.25 g of chicken egg white lysozyme.
- the sample solution 7 adjusted to room temperature was placed in a 100 ml Teflon container 6, kept in a constant temperature water bath 8 at 40 ° C. for 24 hours, and completely dissolved. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 25 ° C in 5 hours, and impurities were removed with a membrane filter.
- the light intensity 250 a J / pulse (2 X 1 0 9 watt) of Fuemuto Byopa pulse laser solution 7 in a minute are sequentially irradiated and observed changes. Irradiation conditions were such that the repetition frequency of the laser was changed, and the two glass bottles were irradiated at 50 Hz and 100 Hz, respectively. As a control, the four glass bottles were not irradiated with the laser. One day after the laser irradiation, it was visually confirmed that crystals had precipitated in the solution at 50 Hz and 100 Hz. No crystals were found in the solution without laser irradiation.
- Example 2 Using a protein solution under the same conditions as in Example 2, a YAG laser (wave Irradiation of 1064 ns (5 ns) was attempted to generate crystal nuclei.
- the protein solution was prepared by adding 0.467 g of sodium acetate trihydrate to 50 ml of distilled water, adjusting the pH to 4.5 by adding acetic acid, and then adding 1.25 g of sodium chloride and 1.25 g of hen egg white lysozyme. In addition, it was prepared.
- the sample solution 7 adjusted to room temperature was placed in a 100 ml Teflon container, and kept at 40 ° C. for 24 hours in a thermostatic water bath to completely dissolve the sample solution.
- the solution was sequentially irradiated with a YAG laser for 1 minute into the solution, and the change was observed.
- Irradiation conditions were such that the laser repetition frequency was changed, and irradiation was performed at 10 Hz, 20 Hz, 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 500 Hz, and 1000 Hz, respectively.
- Four glass bottles were not irradiated with laser light as a control.
- the laser intensity was 1.2 mJ / pu 1 se.
- One day after the laser irradiation no precipitation of crystals could be confirmed.
- the temperature was lowered to 16 ° C in 10 hours, kept for 12 hours, and confirmed that no crystals were precipitated.
- the laser was irradiated again.
- the erecting microscope 11 includes a stage 28 on which an object to be observed is placed, a condenser lens 29 and an objective lens (100 times, numerical aperture 1.25) 26, and the stage On top of 28, a micro mouth tip 27 is arranged.
- a light source lamp 13 is disposed below the condenser lens 29 under the erecting microscope 11, and a CCD camera 12 for detecting this light is disposed above the microscope 11.
- a pulse laser irradiation device 21 is disposed outside the erecting microscope 1 1, and the laser 1 2 2 passes through the 1 Z 2 wave plate 23 and the polarizer 24 into the erecting microscope 1 1
- the light path is bent at a right angle by the dichroic mirror 25, and the light is irradiated into the microchip 7 on the stage 28.
- a high-power femtosecond titanium sapphire laser (800 nm, 120 is) using chirp amplification is used.
- the microchip 27 contains a dispersion of polystyrene fine particles (diameter lm).
- the laser 22 when the laser 22 is irradiated, the laser 22 condenses on the polystyrene fine particle dispersion in the microchip 27 disposed on the stage 28.
- the state inside the microchip 27 is observed with the CCD camera 12.
- the effect of shock waves on polystyrene fine particles was investigated. That is, the polystyrene fine particle dispersion was irradiated with a single shot of a femtosecond titanium sapphire laser under the conditions described above.
- the shock wave expected to be generated at the focal point of the laser diffuses in three dimensions, and the fine particles are pushed away from the focal point of the laser.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the relationship between the force applied to the polystyrene fine particles by the shock wave from the pulse laser irradiation.
- ⁇ indicates the force of the shock wave received by the fine particles.
- R Indicates the force generated by the shock wave
- R Indicates the initial position of the fine particles
- R indicates the position of the fine particles from the center of the shock wave
- r indicates the radius of the fine particles
- 32 indicates laser light
- 33 indicates polystyrene fine particles
- 34 indicates laser light.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between pulsed laser irradiation and the movement distance of fine particles due to the shock wave.
- the horizontal axis indicates time
- the vertical axis indicates the position (R) of the fine particle from the center of the shock wave.
- R the position of the fine particle from the center of the shock wave.
- L indicates the moving distance of the fine particles
- the black circle indicates the irradiation time of the pulse laser.
- the force (F .;) generated by the shock wave can be estimated from the relationship of the moving distance ⁇ ). Shock wave force received by fine particles: f- F .
- the vertical axis indicates the force of the shock wave (F 0 ), and the horizontal axis indicates the laser light intensity (1).
- a shock wave was confirmed at 6 On] / pulse or more. Since the explosion threshold depends on the probability of multiphoton absorption, it is related by the instantaneously arriving light density (I), not by the laser intensity, which is defined as the total energy of the laser.
- the laser intensity (W) of the pulse laser having a time width ( ⁇ t) of 120 fs was 60 nJ / pulse
- the light density (I) is as follows.
- the time width (A t) becomes ⁇ t ⁇ W / 5 X 1 0 5.
- a pulse laser having a time width of nanoseconds or less is preferable, more preferably picoseconds or less, and optimally femtoseconds or less.
- the present invention is not construed as being limited by these reference examples. Further, in this reference example, it is assumed that an explosion phenomenon occurs at the laser focal point and a shock wave is generated, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- polystyrene fine particles were used to visualize the shock wave.
- the weight of polystyrene microparticles is l.lxl0_12g, which is more than 100 million times the weight of protein.
- proteins can change their density even with shock waves that are much weaker than polystyrene microparticles.
- the light density and laser intensity of the pulse laser defined by the visualization of the polystyrene fine particles do not limit the lower limit in the present invention.
- This example is an example in which hen egg white lysozyme (14 kDa) was crystallized.
- the conditions of the protein solution were 25 mg Zm 1 lysozyme, 2.5% sodium chloride, 0.1 M sodium acetate, pH 4.5, and prepared at room temperature. From this solution, impurities were removed with a membrane filter. Crystallization was performed by a batch method using a laser irradiation apparatus and a crystallization plate shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, in this laser irradiation apparatus, the laser irradiated from the femtosecond laser irradiation apparatus 101 passes through a mirror 102, a wave plate 103, a polarizer 104, and a shutter 105.
- the objective lens (10 ⁇ ) is condensed by 108, and is irradiated to the crystal growth container 107 of the crystallization plate 109.
- the crystallization plate 109 utilizes a vapor diffusion method, and has a crystal growth container part 107 for storing a protein solution and a server one solution part 106 communicating with the crystal growth container part 107.
- the server solution is a solution in which the same components as the remaining components except for the protein are dissolved in the protein solution, thereby promoting the evaporation of the protein solution.
- 110 is a sealing tape
- 111 is a transparent glass. Then, the crystal growth container 107 can be observed with the naked eye with an eyepiece 112.
- Laser irradiation was performed in a clean room with temperature and humidity control (temperature 23 ° C ⁇ 2 ° (: Humidity 65% ⁇ 5%).
- the laser wavelength was 780 nm and the time width was 200 femtoseconds. (Fs), the repetition frequency of laser oscillation is 1 kHz
- the laser light intensity was adjusted by a wave plate and a polarizer, and the number of laser beam irradiations was changed by changing the opening and closing time of the shirt.
- the protein solution 101 was put into the respective crystal growth vessels 107 of the crystallization plate 110, and a laser was focused and irradiated on the solution at room temperature.
- the generation of crystal nuclei is considered to be a phenomenon that depends on the number of irradiations of one laser pulse.
- Increasing the number of crystals by increasing the number of irradiations is synonymous with increasing the probability of forming crystals by increasing the number of irradiations.
- the laser intensity decreases due to an increase in the number of irradiations (incubation effect) due to the laser explosion phenomenon (for example, S. Preuss et al. (Appl. Phys. Lett. 62 (23) ), 7 June 1993 p3049-3051)) o
- the increase in the number of irradiations decreases the light density of the laser pulse required for crystal formation and the laser intensity.
- the laser intensity due to multiple laser irradiations is much lower than the lower limit of the laser intensity defined by the movement of the polystyrene fine particles, but the protein molecules are much smaller than the polystyrene fine particles. This is considered to be the effect of the multiple irradiation of the pulse laser. However, these are only inferences of the present inventors and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
- This example is an example of crystallization of liponuclease H (17 kDa).
- the protein solution was prepared by dissolving 5 mg Zm1 of liponuclease H in 0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 9.0) at room temperature. Thereafter, impurities were removed at the membrane fill.
- 0.2 M Tris-HCl, pH 9.0 was prepared as a server solution (external solution).
- the crystallization by laser irradiation was performed by the sitting drop vapor diffusion method using the laser irradiation system and crystallization plate shown in Fig. 6. That is, the protein solution 101 was put into the crystal growing vessel part 100, and the external solution 1001 was dispensed into the server solution part 106.
- the laser was focused and irradiated into the protein solution at room temperature.
- Laser irradiation was performed in a temperature and humidity controlled clean room (temperature 23 ⁇ 2, humidity 65%, soil 5%).
- the wavelength of the laser is 780 nm
- the time width is 200 femtoseconds ( ⁇ s)
- the laser oscillation repetition frequency is 1 kHz.
- Laser-Light intensity was adjusted by wave plate and polarizer.
- the number of laser light irradiations was adjusted by changing the shutter opening / closing time.
- the pulse intensity of the laser was 1.95 nJ / pulse.
- Fig. 9 shows a photograph one day after laser irradiation. No crystal precipitation was observed in the unirradiated sample after more than 2 weeks. However, there was a difference in the precipitation state depending on the irradiation conditions of the laser. No crystal nuclei were generated with 8 pulses, whereas crystal precipitation was observed from the solution irradiated with 62 pulses and 4000 pulses. In the solution irradiated with 8 000 pulses, denatured liponuclease H was found.
- This example is an example of crystallization of glucose isomerase (173 kDa).
- the protein solution is 20 mg / m1 glucose isomer
- the enzyme was prepared by dissolving in 0.2M ammonium sulfate solution (pH 7.0) at room temperature. Thereafter, impurities were removed by a membrane filter.
- a server solution external solution
- a solution pH 7.0 in which 0.2 M ammonium sulfate and 15% polyethylene dalicol (PEG) 600 were dissolved was prepared. Crystallization by laser irradiation was performed by a sitting drop vapor diffusion method using a laser irradiation apparatus and a crystallization plate shown in FIG.
- the protein solution 101 was put into the crystal growing container part 100, and the external solution of 100 i1 was dispensed into the server solution part 106. Thereafter, the solution part 106 to 51 of the server was sucked up with a pit and poured into the crystal growth container part 107, and the protein solution and the server solution were sufficiently mixed. Then, the laser was focused and irradiated into the protein solution at room temperature. Laser irradiation was performed in a clean room (temperature: 23 ° C ⁇ 2, humidity: 65% ⁇ 5%) where temperature and humidity were controlled.
- the laser wavelength is 780 nm
- the time width is 200 femtoseconds (fs;)
- the laser oscillation repetition frequency is 1 kHz.
- the laser light intensity was adjusted with a wave plate and a polarizer.
- the number of laser beam irradiations was adjusted by changing the shutter open / close time.
- the pulse intensity of the laser was 1.95 nJZ pulse.
- the number of pulses was changed to 8 pulses (1/125 seconds), 400,000 pulses (4 seconds), and no irradiation (0 seconds), depending on the opening and closing time of the shirt.
- the sample was allowed to stand still in a thermostat set at 18 ° C, and the subsequent crystal growth was observed.
- FIG. 10 shows a photograph one day after the laser irradiation. Crystal precipitation was observed from the solution irradiated with the laser, but no crystal precipitation was observed in the sample not irradiated even after one month or more.
- glucose isomerase a giant protein having a molecular weight of about 200,000
- the method of the present invention using laser irradiation is also effective for crystallization of such a giant protein.
- This example is an example of crystallization of a prostaglandin F2 phosphatase derived from trypanosoma (31 kb).
- the protein solution was prepared by dissolving 20 mg Zml of the above synthase together with 0.05 M nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP +) in 0.04 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0) at room temperature. It was prepared. After that, impurities were removed with a membrane filter.
- a server solution 0.1 M sodium hydroxide buffer (HE PES—NaH), 2% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400%
- a 1.2 M solution of ammonium sulfate (pH 7.5) was prepared.
- the crystallization by laser irradiation was performed by a hanging drop vapor diffusion method using a laser irradiation apparatus and a crystallization vessel shown in FIG.
- the laser beam emitted from the femtosecond laser irradiation apparatus 101 passes through a mirror 102, a wave plate 103, a polarizer 104, and a shutter 105.
- the light is collected by an objective lens (10 ⁇ ) 108 and irradiates the crystal solution 117 in the crystallization vessel 118.
- the crystal solution 117 can be observed with the naked eye through the eyepiece lens 112, and can also be observed with the CCD 113 camera and the monitor 114.
- 1 16 is an external solution
- 1 15 is a glass plate
- 1 19 is grease.
- droplets of the crystallization solution obtained by mixing the protein solution 21 and the external solution 21 were formed on the glass plate 115.
- 500 1 of the external solution 1 16 was placed in the crystallization container 1 18, and the crystallized solution droplets 1 17 were suspended with a glass cover.
- sealing was performed using grease 119.
- the crystallization container 1 18 was turned upside down while taking care not to drop the external solution 1 16, and a laser beam was focused and irradiated on the droplet 1 17 of the crystallization solution.
- the laser irradiation was performed in a clean room with temperature and humidity controlled (temperature 23 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C, humidity 65% ⁇ 5%).
- the laser wavelength is 780 nm
- the time width is 200 femtoseconds ( ⁇ s)
- the laser oscillation repetition frequency is 1 kHz.
- Laser light intensity was adjusted with a wave plate and a polarizer.
- the number of laser beam irradiations was adjusted by changing the shutter open / close time.
- the pulse intensity of the laser was 1.95 nJ / pulse. 62 pulses (1 Z 16 seconds) were emitted by opening and closing the shirt.
- a sample without laser irradiation was grown.
- Fig. 11 shows a photograph 7 days after the laser irradiation. Crystal precipitation was observed from the solution irradiated with the laser, but no crystal precipitation was observed even after 3 months or more in the sample not irradiated. In this example, a crystal was formed in a short time by laser irradiation.
- This example is an example of crystallization native to adenosine kinase (ADA).
- the protein solution was prepared by dissolving 2 OmgZm 1 of ADA native, in 0.0025 M Hes buffer (pH 7.5) at room temperature. Prepared. Thereafter, impurities were removed at the membrane fill.
- a solution (external solution) of the solution (1) a solution of 0.2 M sodium citrate, 0.1 M of sodium sodium codylate and 30% isopropanol (pH 6.5) and (2) 0.2 M Of ammonium acetate, 0.1 M sodium citrate and 30% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 (pH 5.6).
- Crystallization by laser irradiation was performed by the sitting drop vapor diffusion method using a laser irradiation and crystallization plate shown in FIG.
- the evening protein solution 2H1 was placed in the crystal growth vessel unit 107, and the external solutions 1 and ⁇ of 1001 were respectively dispensed into the server one solution unit 106. Thereafter, the solution portions 106 to 21 of the server were sucked up with a pit and injected into the crystal growth container portion 107. After the protein solution and the external solution were sufficiently mixed, a laser beam was focused and irradiated into the protein solution at room temperature.
- the pulse intensity of the laser was 1.95 nJ / pulse. 1000 pulses (1 second) were emitted by opening and closing the shutter.
- a sample without irradiation was grown in the crystal growth vessel unit 107, and the external solutions 1 and ⁇ of 1001 were respectively dispensed into the server one solution unit 106. Thereafter, the solution portions 106 to 21 of the server were sucked up with a
- Fig. 12 shows a photograph 7 days after the laser irradiation. Crystal precipitation was observed from the solution irradiated with the laser, but no crystal precipitation was observed in the sample not irradiated even after one month or more. Regarding this protein, no crystals have been obtained so far, and in this example, crystallization was realized for the first time.
- Example 8 This example is an example in which the E. coli major foreign body excretion transporter (AcrB) was crystallized.
- AcrB is a polytopic membrane protein, and is a trimeric protein in which three monomers consisting of 1049 amino acid residues are intertwined.
- the protein solution was prepared by adding 0.02 M sodium phosphate (pH 6.2), 10% glycerol and 0.2% dodecyl maltoside to 28 mg / m1 histidine-labeled AcrB. did.
- As the server solution (outer solution) 14.; 14.6% of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000, 0.08 M sodium phosphate (pH 6.2), and 0.02 M sodium citrate Monohydrochloric acid (pH 5.6) was prepared.
- Crystallization by laser irradiation was performed by the Ningdrop vapor diffusion method using the crystallization vessel and equipment shown in Fig. 6. 2 il of the protein solution was placed in the crystal growth vessel part 107, and the external solution of 50 ⁇ 1 was dispensed into the server solution part 106. Thereafter, the server solution part 106 to 21 was sucked up with a pipette, poured into the crystal growing container part 107, and the protein solution and the external solution were sufficiently mixed.
- six conditions of growth solutions were prepared at 0.1% increments of PEG 400 from 14.1% to 14.6% in increments of 0.1%, and crystallization was performed with each growth solution. .
- a high-power femtosecond titanium sapphire laser is focused by an objective lens (magnification: 10 times) in a temperature and humidity controlled clean room (temperature 23 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C, humidity 65% ⁇ 5%). And irradiated in the protein solution. laser
- the wavelength of — was 780 nm, the time width was 200 femtoseconds (fs), the repetition frequency of the laser oscillation was 1 kHz, and the laser pulse intensity was 800 nJ / pulse. Irradiation of 250 pulses (1Z4 seconds) was performed depending on the opening and closing time of the shutter.
- a sample without irradiation was grown. After the laser irradiation, the sample was allowed to stand still in a thermostat set at 25, and the subsequent crystal growth was observed.
- Fig. 13 shows a photograph two days after laser irradiation. As shown in the figure, a crystal growth solution was prepared by changing the concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000. In each of the growth solutions, crystal precipitation was observed from the laser-irradiated solution (Fig. 13). In the sample not irradiated, no precipitation of crystals could be confirmed even after one week (not shown).
- the protein was crystallized by moving the container. In the crystal growth of chicken egg white lysozyme, the solution was stirred. The protein solution was adjusted to PH 4.5 by adding acetic acid to 50 ml of distilled water and 0.467 g of sodium acetate trihydrate, and then adding 1.25 g of sodium chloride and 1.25 g of hen egg white lysozyme. Using. The solution adjusted at room temperature was placed in a 100 ml Teflon container, and kept at 40 ° C for 24 hours in a constant temperature water bath to completely dissolve the solution. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled in 5 hours, and impurities were removed with a membrane filter having a hole diameter of 0.2 / m. On the other hand, the reservoir solution was prepared by adding acetic acid to 50 mL of distilled water and 0.467 g of sodium acetate trihydrate to adjust the pH to 4.5, and then adding 3 g of sodium chloride.
- the reservoir solution was set to 300 1 for the evening protein solution 3 ⁇ 1 and 10 11, and the difference due to the presence or absence of solution stirring was examined.
- the crystallization method used was a sitting drop vapor diffusion method.
- floatin which is a crystal growth at the two-liquid interface using florinate (the above protein solution is also a liquid having a high specific gravity)
- the florinate solution volume is 10 z 1.
- the crystal was grown at a constant temperature of 20 ° C.
- the rotary mechanism used was a rotary shaker (BR-15, manufactured by Taitec). The rotation speed was set at 50 rpm where the solution was gently stirred.
- Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of this stirrer.
- the well plate 201 was placed on a shaker 202 and rotated to stir.
- Each well of the well plate 201 is composed of two small wells and one large well.
- the protein solution and the mouth lint 214 are put, and in the case to which the Sitting-drop method is applied, the protein solution 212 is put.
- the reservoir contains a reservoir solution 2 13 in which components other than lysium are dissolved at a high concentration. In this method, many solutions can be easily stirred at once.
- Figure 15 shows the results of crystal growth. There was a clear difference between the number of crystals precipitated and the crystal size depending on whether the solution was stirred. As shown in Figs. 15A and 15B, in the conventional method without stirring the solution, many very small crystals (fine crystals) were deposited. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 15C and D, in the growth with the solution stirred, large crystals were obtained with a small number of precipitated crystals. In addition, the solution agitation floating drop method (Fig. 15D) produces less crystals and has a larger crystal size than the solution agitation sitting drop method (see Fig. 15C). Next, an embodiment of the container of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (Example 9)
- FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing an example of the first container of the present invention.
- the container 301 has a first room 311 and a second room 313, and the two rooms communicate with each other through a passage.
- the upper portion of the container 301 is covered with a lid 316 to be in a sealed state, and the bottom portion 315 of the container 301 is so formed as to allow laser light 317 to pass therethrough.
- the part corresponding to the first room is transparent or translucent.
- the material of the bottom portion is not particularly limited as long as it transmits a laser beam.
- a transparent resin such as an acrylic resin, a transparent member such as quartz glass, or a glass can be used.
- the other parts are not particularly limited, and general resins and glass can be used.
- the overall size of the container is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 20 to 180 mm in length X 10 to horizontal: L 20 x height 3 to 50 mm, preferably 40 to 15 in length. 0 mm x 20 to 100 x height 5 to 30 mm, more preferably 50 to 130 mm x 30 to 80 x height 10 to 20 mm.
- the first room 3 1 1 contains a solution 3 1 2 such as a protein solution
- the second room 3 1 3 contains a reservoir solution 3 1 4 so that the first room 3 11 should be smaller than the room in the second room 3 13.
- This container 301 is used, for example, as follows.
- crystallization is judged to be unsuitable, and crystallization may be attempted under other conditions.
- the conditions of the solution and the like are suitable for crystallization, and if the crystal is grown as it is, Is obtained.
- the state of the solute is observed by irradiating a pulsed laser, and if the solute has changed, it can be determined that the conditions of the solution and the like are suitable for crystallization.
- the change in the solute is, for example, a change in the three-dimensional structure (denaturation) in the case of a protein.
- the type of laser, irradiation conditions, and the like are as described in the manufacturing method and the like of the present invention, and these laser conditions and the like are common to other containers or plates of the present invention. (Example 10)
- the plate 302 is formed with six first containers 321, which comprises a first chamber 321a and a second chamber 3211b.
- the two rooms communicate with each other via a passage.
- the plate 302 is composed of a plate body 322 on which the first container 321 is formed, a bottom portion 323, and a lid 324.
- the bottom part 3 23 is formed of a transparent or translucent member so that the laser light 3 25 can be irradiated.
- the material for forming the plate 302, the size of the container 321, and the like are the same as those of the first container described above.
- the size of the plate 302 is not particularly limited.
- the length is 20 to 18 O mm X
- the width is 10 to 120 X height L 50 mm X W 20-; L 00 X H 5-40 mm, more preferably H 50-13 O mm X W 3 It is 0 to 80 X height 10 to 3 O mm.
- the number of the containers 3 2 1 is 6, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of containers 1 to 15 3 6 per plate, preferably 2 to 3 84 And more preferably 4 to 96.
- the plate 302 is used, for example, as follows. That is, first, the polymer solution is put in the first room 3 21 a of the container 3 2 1 part, and the reservoir solution is put in the second room 3 2 1 b. Evaporation of the solvent is promoted.
- the pulse laser 325 is irradiated as described above to forcibly generate crystal nuclei.
- crystal nuclei When crystal nuclei are generated, they can be grown to obtain the desired polymer crystal. If no crystal nuclei are generated, the crystallization conditions are judged to be inappropriate, and crystallization is attempted under the following conditions.
- different crystallization conditions can be set for each vessel such as changing the concentration of the polymer solution, and laser irradiation can be performed under different conditions for each vessel.
- the container 303 has a shape in which a cylinder is connected to the bottom of a disk.
- eight first chambers 331 are formed radially from the center of the circle, and in the cylinder, one second chamber 332 is formed.
- a passageway 33 extends from each of the first rooms 331, and communicates with the second room 3332.
- the passages 333 have different passage diameters.
- the size of the entire container 303 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately determined depending on the size and number of the first room, the size of the second room, and the like.
- the size of the first room is, for example, 0.5 to 0.5 mm in inner diameter, l to 50 mm in depth, preferably 1 to 5 mm in inner diameter, 3 to 40 mm in depth, more preferably 1 to 3 mm in inner diameter.
- the depth is 3 to 30 mm, and the number of the first rooms is, for example, 1 to 15 36, preferably 2 to 384, and more preferably 4 to 96.
- the size of the second room is, for example, 330 mm, depth l ⁇ 50 mm, preferably inner diameter 2 ⁇ 20 mm, depth 2 ⁇ 40 mm, more preferably inner diameter 3 ⁇ 15 mm, depth 3 330 mm.
- the length of the passage is also not limited, for example, 0.5 to 50 mm, preferably 1 to 30 mm, more preferably; ⁇ 2 Omm.
- the passages have different diameters, for example, 0.3 to 10 mm, preferably 0.5 to 5 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 3 mm.
- the material of the container 303 is not particularly limited.
- the material is made of resin, glass, or the like. When the first room is irradiated with a laser, the above-described transparent material is transmitted through the portion. It may be made of a translucent member. This container 303 is used, for example, as follows.
- the polymer solution 334 is put into a plurality of first chambers 33 1, and the reservoir solution 3 35 is put into the second chambers 3 32, and as shown by arrows in the figure,
- the crystal nuclei may be forcibly generated by irradiating a pulse laser as described above. When crystal nuclei are generated, they can be grown to obtain the desired polymer crystal. If no crystal nuclei are generated, the crystallization conditions are judged to be inappropriate, and crystallization is attempted under the following conditions.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view
- the container 304 has a shape in which a cylinder is connected to the bottom of a disk.
- Eight first chambers 341 are formed radially from the center of the circle at the periphery of the disk, and one second chamber 342 is formed within the cylinder,
- a passageway 343 extends from each of the first chambers 341, and communicates with the second chamber 342.
- the passages 333 have different passage lengths.
- the size of the entire container 304 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately determined according to the size and number of the first room, the size of the second room, and the like.
- the size of the first room is, for example, an inner diameter of 0.5 to: L 0 mm, a depth of l to 50 mm, preferably an inner diameter of l to 5 mm, a depth of 3 to 40 mm, more preferably
- the inner diameter is 1 to 3 mm
- the depth is 3 to 30 mm
- the number of the first chambers is, for example, 1 to 15 36, preferably 2 to 3 84, more preferably 4 ⁇ 96.
- the second room PC orchid recite 1
- the inner diameter is 1 to 30 mm
- the depth is 1 to 50 mm
- the inner diameter is 2 to 20 mm
- the depth is 2 to 40 mm
- more preferably the inner diameter is 3 to 15 mm
- the depth is 3 to 30 mm.
- the length of the passage is not limited, and is, for example, 0.5 to 50 mm, preferably 1 to 30 mm, and more preferably 1 to 20 mm.
- the passages have different diameters, for example, 0.3 to: L 0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 5 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 3 mm.
- the material of the container 4 is not particularly limited, and is made of, for example, resin or glass.
- the transparent or transparent material described above is used so that the laser transmits therethrough. What is necessary is just to comprise with a semi-transparent member.
- the container 304 is used, for example, as follows. That is, first, the polymer solution 344 is put into the plurality of first chambers 34 1, and the reservoir solution 345 is put into the second chambers 342, as shown by arrows in the figure. Vapor diffusion generated by the vapor passing through the passage 343 and moving to the second room 342 promotes evaporation of the solvent in the polymer solution 344.
- the passage lengths of the passages 343 are different, so that the vapor diffusion conditions of the first room 343 are different. Therefore, in the plurality of first chambers, those in which crystal nuclei have been generated can be continuously grown to obtain the desired polymer crystal. In the first room where no crystal nuclei are generated, it can be determined that the crystallization conditions are inappropriate. Further, when the polymer solution 344 becomes supersaturated, a pulse laser may be irradiated as described above to forcibly generate crystal nuclei. When crystal nuclei are generated, they can be grown to obtain the desired polymer crystal. If no crystal nuclei are generated, the crystallization conditions are judged to be inappropriate, and crystallization is attempted under the following conditions.
- the passage diameter is changed in Embodiment 11 and the passage length is changed in Embodiment 12, these may be combined. Further, at least one of the container of the embodiment 11, the container of the embodiment 12 and the container of the combination thereof may be formed in plural in one plate. Conditions such as the size of the plate are the same as those of the plate of Example 10 for example.
- the container 305 has a configuration in which a small container 352 is arranged in a large container 351.
- the large container 351 has a columnar shape, and its upper part is covered with a lid.
- the small container 352 includes an inverted truncated cone-shaped main body (large volume) and a cylindrical portion (small volume) connected to the upper part of the main body. I have.
- the space between the inner wall of the large container 35 1 and the outer wall of the small container 35 2 is the second room for storing the reservoir solution 354.
- the inside of the small container 51 or the vicinity of the tip end of the cylindrical portion serves as a first room for containing or holding the polymer solution 365.
- the size of the container 305 is not particularly limited.
- the size of the large container 351 is, for example, an inner diameter of 3 to 30 mm and a depth of 5 to 100 mm, preferably an inner diameter of 5 to 25 mm and a depth of 10 to 50 mm.
- the inner diameter is 10 to 20 mm and the depth is 10 to 30 mm.
- the size of the small container 352 is, for example, in the inverted truncated cone-shaped main body portion (large volume portion), a maximum inner diameter of 3 to 30 mm, a minimum inner diameter of 0.3 to 5 mm, a height of 4 to 90 mm, and the cylindrical portion. (Small volume part), the inner diameter is 0.3 to 5 mm, and the height is 0.1 to 5 mm.
- the inverted truncated cone-shaped main body has a maximum inner diameter of 5 to 25 mm, Minimum inner diameter 0.5-3mm, height 9-45mm, cylindrical part (small volume part)
- the inner diameter is 0.5 to 3 mm and the height is 0.1 to 3 mm. More preferably, the maximum inner diameter is 10 to 20 mm and the minimum inner diameter is 1 in the inverted frustoconical main body (large volume part). 22 mm, height 9 225 mm, inner diameter l ⁇ 2 mm, height 0.1 l2 mm in cylindrical part (small volume part).
- the material of the container 305 is not particularly limited, and for example, a resin, glass, or the like can be used.
- This container 304 when laser light is irradiated, a portion through which the laser light passes is formed of a transparent or translucent member, and such a member is as described above.
- This container 304 is used, for example, as follows. That is, first, the reservoir solution 354 is put into the large container 35 1 (the third room 35 3), and the small container 35 52 is filled with the immiscible high specific gravity liquid 3 56. In addition, a magnet stirrer 307 is arranged at the bottom of the small container 352. Then, a droplet of the polymer solution 355 is arranged at the tip of the cylindrical portion of the small container 352. In this state, the container 304 is placed on the magnetic stirrer 310, and the stirrer 307 is rotated.
- the action of the reservoir solution 354 promotes the generation of water vapor from the polymer solution 355.
- the rotation of the stirrer 307 stirs the immiscible high specific gravity liquid 356, and the vibration is transmitted to the polymer solution 355, and the polymer solution 355 is also indirectly stirred.
- generation of crystal nuclei is promoted.
- the crystal nucleus of the polymer solution is generated, the growth may be continued as it is to obtain the target crystal, or when the crystal nucleus does not generate, the condition is determined to be inappropriate for the crystallization condition. Crystallization may be attempted under the following conditions.
- the polymer solution 355 may be irradiated with laser light.
- a plurality of containers of this embodiment may be formed in one plate. The conditions are, for example, the same as in the plate of Example 10. PT / JP2003 / 010681
- the method of the present invention is useful for producing or screening crystals of organic substances such as proteins.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/525,809 US7247203B2 (en) | 2002-08-26 | 2003-08-25 | Process for producing crystalline nucleus and method of screening crystallization conditions |
| DE60336003T DE60336003D1 (de) | 2002-08-26 | 2003-08-25 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines kristallkerns und verfahren zur berwachung von kristallisationsbedingungen |
| JP2005501234A JP4029987B2 (ja) | 2002-08-26 | 2003-08-25 | 結晶核の製造方法および結晶化条件スクリーニング方法 |
| EP03792820A EP1559814B8 (en) | 2002-08-26 | 2003-08-25 | Process for producing crystalline nucleus and method of screening crystallization conditions |
| AU2003257679A AU2003257679A1 (en) | 2002-08-26 | 2003-08-25 | Process for producing crystalline nucleus and method of screening crystallization conditions |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002245700 | 2002-08-26 | ||
| JP2002-245700 | 2002-08-26 | ||
| JP2002-382617 | 2002-12-27 | ||
| JP2002382617 | 2002-12-27 | ||
| JP2003086561 | 2003-03-26 | ||
| JP2003-86561 | 2003-03-26 | ||
| JP2003273685 | 2003-07-11 | ||
| JP2003-273685 | 2003-07-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004018744A1 true WO2004018744A1 (ja) | 2004-03-04 |
Family
ID=31950740
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2003/010681 Ceased WO2004018744A1 (ja) | 2002-08-26 | 2003-08-25 | 結晶核の製造方法および結晶化条件スクリーニング方法 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7247203B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1559814B8 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4029987B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1317431C (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2003257679A1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE60336003D1 (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW200403362A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004018744A1 (ja) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007254415A (ja) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-10-04 | Gunma Univ | 巨大分子結晶及びその製造方法並びにそれに用いる製造装置 |
| WO2008142842A1 (ja) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-27 | Panasonic Corporation | 蛋白質結晶作製装置及び蛋白質結晶作製方法 |
| WO2011030704A1 (ja) | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-17 | 国立大学法人群馬大学 | 結晶化用容器、結晶化装置、結晶の製造方法、及び、結晶化用基板 |
| JP2011086707A (ja) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-28 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 有機光電変換素子の製造方法 |
| WO2012099180A1 (ja) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-07-26 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 目的物質移行方法、結晶製造方法、組成物製造方法、目的物質移行装置 |
| US8367412B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2013-02-05 | Kwansei Gakuin Educational Foundation | Protein crystallizing agent and method of crystallizing protein therewith |
| WO2013115080A1 (ja) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | 国立大学法人群馬大学 | 結晶化用基板、結晶化用容器、結晶化装置、及び、結晶の製造方法 |
| WO2015030038A1 (ja) | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-05 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | タンパク質結晶装置用の気泡噴出部材及びタンパク質吸着気泡噴出部材、タンパク質結晶装置及びタンパク質結晶化方法、並びにタンパク質結晶切削装置及びタンパク質結晶切削方法 |
| CN107935054A (zh) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-04-20 | 长春微纪元科技有限公司 | 湿法化学制备纳米材料中的飞秒脉冲激光辅助成核装置及方法 |
| CN109810167A (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-28 | 清华大学 | 一种利用飞秒激光辅助控制蛋白质晶体生长的方法 |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7027479B2 (en) * | 2003-12-03 | 2006-04-11 | The Boeing Company | Volume absorbing laser beam dump |
| US8445019B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2013-05-21 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Microparticle dispersion liquid manufacturing method and microparticle dispersion liquid manufacturing apparatus |
| WO2011004742A1 (ja) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-13 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 移動体用空気ばね、および移動体用台車 |
| US10175183B2 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2019-01-08 | Kunimine Industries Co., Ltd. | Agent for searching for protein crystallization conditions and method of searching for protein crystallization conditions |
| CN103774207B (zh) * | 2014-01-13 | 2016-06-29 | 宁波大学 | 一种手性晶体的生长装置及方法 |
| GB201409451D0 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-07-09 | Ipabc Ltd | Antimicrobial preparations, methods for preparing the same and uses thereof to combat microorganisms |
| TWI513969B (zh) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-12-21 | Univ Nat Chiao Tung | 蛋白質結晶形成及結晶成長的方法以及装置 |
| CN105810072A (zh) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-07-27 | 淮海工学院 | 一种蛋白质结晶的教学试剂盒及其方法 |
| US10214833B1 (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-02-26 | National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc | Additive manufacturing of crystalline materials |
| CN107890058A (zh) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-10 | 明光市昊昊蜂业有限公司 | 一种膏状蜂蜜的加工工艺 |
| CN109695051B (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-07-28 | 清华大学 | 基于电子动态调控的飞秒激光辅助蛋白质形核方法及系统 |
| CN109867610A (zh) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-11 | 北京理工大学 | 一种时域整形飞秒激光制备针状对乙酰氨基酚晶体的方法 |
| CN110238530B (zh) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-07-10 | 清华大学 | 飞秒激光在单个蛋白质晶体上加工微纳结构的方法及系统 |
| CN111519256B (zh) * | 2020-04-15 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | 一种利用脉冲激光触发形核的方法 |
| WO2022134000A1 (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-30 | 深圳晶泰科技有限公司 | 连续激发结晶的方法及系统 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001002075A1 (en) | 1999-07-06 | 2001-01-11 | Myerson Allan S | Method for using laser light to control crystal form |
| JP2002068899A (ja) | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-08 | Univ Osaka | 有機単結晶の形成方法 |
| JP2003306497A (ja) * | 2002-02-12 | 2003-10-28 | Tetsuo Okutsu | 巨大分子結晶の製造方法及びそれに用いる製造装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1030571C (zh) * | 1989-04-12 | 1995-12-27 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | 利用脉冲激光制备含卤聚合物的方法 |
| JP2981484B2 (ja) * | 1991-12-09 | 1999-11-22 | 工業技術院長 | タンパク質結晶作成方法 |
| WO2002101123A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-12-19 | International Superconductivity Technology Center, The Juridical Foundation | Method for preparing oxide crystal film/substrate composite and solution for use therein |
| US20050181464A1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2005-08-18 | Affinium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Novel purified polypeptides from bacteria |
-
2003
- 2003-08-25 CN CNB038205092A patent/CN1317431C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-25 JP JP2005501234A patent/JP4029987B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-25 WO PCT/JP2003/010681 patent/WO2004018744A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-25 US US10/525,809 patent/US7247203B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-08-25 EP EP03792820A patent/EP1559814B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-25 TW TW092123261A patent/TW200403362A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-08-25 DE DE60336003T patent/DE60336003D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-25 AU AU2003257679A patent/AU2003257679A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001002075A1 (en) | 1999-07-06 | 2001-01-11 | Myerson Allan S | Method for using laser light to control crystal form |
| JP2002068899A (ja) | 2000-08-28 | 2002-03-08 | Univ Osaka | 有機単結晶の形成方法 |
| JP2003306497A (ja) * | 2002-02-12 | 2003-10-28 | Tetsuo Okutsu | 巨大分子結晶の製造方法及びそれに用いる製造装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| BANCEL PETER A. ET AL.: "Laser seeding for biomolecular crystallization", JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH, vol. 191, 1998, pages 537 - 544, XP002976355 * |
| S. PREUSS ET AL., APPL. PHYS. LETT., vol. 62, no. 23, 1993, pages 3049 - 3051 |
| See also references of EP1559814A4 |
| YAG LASER, PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS, vol. 77, 1996, pages 3475 |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007254415A (ja) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-10-04 | Gunma Univ | 巨大分子結晶及びその製造方法並びにそれに用いる製造装置 |
| US8367412B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2013-02-05 | Kwansei Gakuin Educational Foundation | Protein crystallizing agent and method of crystallizing protein therewith |
| WO2008142842A1 (ja) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-27 | Panasonic Corporation | 蛋白質結晶作製装置及び蛋白質結晶作製方法 |
| WO2011030704A1 (ja) | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-17 | 国立大学法人群馬大学 | 結晶化用容器、結晶化装置、結晶の製造方法、及び、結晶化用基板 |
| JP2011086707A (ja) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-28 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 有機光電変換素子の製造方法 |
| US9751068B2 (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2017-09-05 | Osaka University | Target substance transfer method, crystal production method, composition production method, and target substance transfer device |
| WO2012099180A1 (ja) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-07-26 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 目的物質移行方法、結晶製造方法、組成物製造方法、目的物質移行装置 |
| WO2013115080A1 (ja) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | 国立大学法人群馬大学 | 結晶化用基板、結晶化用容器、結晶化装置、及び、結晶の製造方法 |
| US9987610B2 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2018-06-05 | National University Corporation Gunma University | Crystallization substrate, crystallization container, crystallization device, and crystal producing method |
| WO2015030038A1 (ja) | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-05 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | タンパク質結晶装置用の気泡噴出部材及びタンパク質吸着気泡噴出部材、タンパク質結晶装置及びタンパク質結晶化方法、並びにタンパク質結晶切削装置及びタンパク質結晶切削方法 |
| JP2015048268A (ja) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-16 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | タンパク質結晶装置用の気泡噴出部材及びタンパク質吸着気泡噴出部材、タンパク質結晶装置及びタンパク質結晶化方法、並びにタンパク質結晶切削装置及びタンパク質結晶切削方法 |
| US10612155B2 (en) | 2013-08-30 | 2020-04-07 | Japan Science And Technology Agency | Method for crystallizing protein |
| CN107935054A (zh) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-04-20 | 长春微纪元科技有限公司 | 湿法化学制备纳米材料中的飞秒脉冲激光辅助成核装置及方法 |
| CN109810167A (zh) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-28 | 清华大学 | 一种利用飞秒激光辅助控制蛋白质晶体生长的方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7247203B2 (en) | 2007-07-24 |
| JP4029987B2 (ja) | 2008-01-09 |
| EP1559814B8 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
| DE60336003D1 (de) | 2011-03-24 |
| EP1559814B1 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| CN1678773A (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
| AU2003257679A1 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
| EP1559814A4 (en) | 2008-07-09 |
| EP1559814A1 (en) | 2005-08-03 |
| TW200403362A (en) | 2004-03-01 |
| US20050241568A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
| CN1317431C (zh) | 2007-05-23 |
| JPWO2004018744A1 (ja) | 2005-12-15 |
| TWI327609B (ja) | 2010-07-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2004018744A1 (ja) | 結晶核の製造方法および結晶化条件スクリーニング方法 | |
| Yoshikawa et al. | Laser ablation for protein crystal nucleation and seeding | |
| DE69937747T2 (de) | Vorrichtung und verfahren zur kontrolle einer akustischen behandlung | |
| JP4784930B2 (ja) | 高分子結晶の加工方法、高分子結晶の加工装置、及び高分子結晶の観察装置 | |
| Barber et al. | Laser-induced nucleation promotes crystal growth of anhydrous sodium bromide | |
| Barber et al. | Pulsed laser-induced nucleation of sodium chlorate at high energy densities | |
| US9751068B2 (en) | Target substance transfer method, crystal production method, composition production method, and target substance transfer device | |
| Opara et al. | Direct protein crystallization on ultrathin membranes for diffraction measurements at X-ray free-electron lasers | |
| Tsuri et al. | Effects of pulse duration on laser-induced crystallization of urea from 300 to 1200 fs: impact of cavitation bubbles on crystal nucleation | |
| Cuttitta et al. | Acoustic transfer of protein crystals from agarose pedestals to micromeshes for high-throughput screening | |
| CN110238530B (zh) | 飞秒激光在单个蛋白质晶体上加工微纳结构的方法及系统 | |
| JPWO2005095042A1 (ja) | 有機結晶の加工方法、有機結晶の加工装置、及び有機結晶の観察装置 | |
| JP5747388B2 (ja) | 結晶化用容器、結晶化装置、結晶の製造方法、及び、結晶化用基板 | |
| JP2004307335A (ja) | 高分子結晶成長容器 | |
| Geiger et al. | Enhanced predictability of urea crystallization by an optimized laser repetition rate | |
| Kashii et al. | Femtosecond laser processing of protein crystals in crystallization drop | |
| US9987610B2 (en) | Crystallization substrate, crystallization container, crystallization device, and crystal producing method | |
| JP2009096663A (ja) | 結晶生成方法および結晶成長制御方法 | |
| US20210341655A1 (en) | Protein-matrix microlens array diffraction device and method for preparing the same | |
| Drenth | Crystallizing a protein | |
| Shilpa et al. | Effect of nucleants in photothermally assisted crystallization | |
| Mackenzie | Investigating nucleation control in batch and flow using non-photochemical laser-induced nucleation | |
| McPherson | The growth of microcrystals for time resolved serial crystallography | |
| Zhou | Nanocrystals as thermal probes to scale laser energy | |
| JP2006342015A (ja) | 高分子化合物結晶化促進装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005501234 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10525809 Country of ref document: US |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 20038205092 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2003792820 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2003792820 Country of ref document: EP |