Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
  • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
  • G09F19/00—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
  • G09F19/12—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
  • G09F19/18—Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects involving the use of optical projection means, e.g. projection of images on clouds
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
  • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels
  • G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an aerial visible image forming apparatus capable of drawing visible images such as characters and images in the air using a laser beam.
• a visible image forming apparatus that runs a laser beam and inserts a visible image into a screen or a wall.
• a screen is formed using smoke in the air, and the screen is irradiated with laser light, and a visual image can be formed by a locus of a luminescent spot drawn by scattering and reflection of the laser light on the screen.
• a visual image forming apparatus is also known (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-31237). These visible image forming devices are used as display devices for displaying information.
• a visible image forming apparatus which forms a three-dimensionally visible image in the air
• a device using holography technology is also known.
• this holography is not suitable for forming a visible image. It has a configuration in which information for forming a visual image is recorded two-dimensionally on a film, and a visible image is formed three-dimensionally using this film.
• a first object of the present invention is to provide a visible image forming apparatus capable of drawing a visible image in the air without visually recognizing a traveling locus of a laser beam.
• a second object of the present invention is to provide a visible image forming apparatus capable of drawing a visible image in the air without forming a screen in the air.
• a third object of the present invention is to provide a visible image forming apparatus capable of drawing not only a two-dimensional but also a three-dimensional visible image in the air.
• a fourth object of the present invention is to provide a visible image forming apparatus capable of drawing a color visible image in the air. Disclosure of the invention
• a laser beam source for emitting a laser beam in an invisible region
• a scanning unit for scanning the laser beam
• a laser beam for converging the laser beam at a drawing scheduled portion in the air to emit gas into plasma.
• An optical system, and control means for controlling the oscillation timing of the laser light source and the scanning timing of the scanning means.
• the laser beam in the invisible region is an infrared laser beam.
• the inside of the partition may be depressurized, the laser beam in the invisible region may be ultraviolet light, and the inside of the partition may be filled with a rare gas.
• a laser that emits a laser beam in the invisible region is used.
• a visible region laser light source, and a visible region laser light source that emits a visible region laser beam coaxially with the invisible region laser beam, and each of the laser beams is scanned coaxially by scanning means.
• the laser beam in the invisible range is condensed on a drawing portion in the air, and the drawing portion is rapidly heated to cause a fluctuation in the refractive index, and the control means controls the oscillation timing of the laser light source.
• the scanning timing of the scanning means is controlled to cause fluctuations in the refractive index in the drawing-scheduled portion in a time-series manner, and is generated in a time-series manner by irradiation with the visible region laser beam. It draws a visible image as an afterimage phenomenon of scattered bright spots.
• the condensing optical system described above a configuration was used in which the refractive index fluctuates as a pre-stage of plasma generation and a visible region laser beam is irradiated at that stage. In this state, irradiation with a visible laser beam may be performed.
• the invisible laser beam may be an infrared laser beam
• the visible laser beam may be all or a part of a red laser beam, a blue laser beam, and a green laser beam.
• the condensing optical system may include a condensing lens or a concave mirror.
• the condensing optical system when a refractive index fluctuation is caused in a time-series at a drawing scheduled portion and a visible image is drawn by irradiating a visible region laser beam, the condensing optical system includes the invisible region laser beam. And a concave mirror that condenses the invisible laser beam reflected by the convex mirror on each of the drawing planned portions, and transmits the invisible laser beam through the concave mirror.
• the transmission window to be formed is coaxial.
• the condensing optical system is capable of changing its focal length so as to be able to change the distance from the laser light source to each of the planned drawing positions.
• a visible image can be drawn three-dimensionally inside.
• the condensing optical system has a plurality of condensing lenses having different focal lengths, and the focal length is changed by exchanging the condensing lenses.
• the focusing optical system may include a zoom lens, and the focal length may be changed by the zoom lens.
• the condensing optical system has a condensing lens, and the condensing lens is movable along the optical axis of the laser light source to change a distance from the condensing lens to each of the drawing portions. It may be.
• the condensing optical system may include a condensing lens, and may include an optical path length changing optical element for changing a distance from the condensing lens to each of the drawing portions.
• the laser primary light source is a pulse width 5 0 11 Output power density of s is and Repetition rate frequency following the addition converging point 1 0 H z or 1 0 8 W / cm 2 or more laser beams It is preferable to emit light.
• the scanning means may include a polygon mirror.
• a plurality of the laser light sources in the invisible range are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the scanning direction of the polygon mirror, and the control means controls the oscillation stop of the laser light sources in the invisible range.
• the scanning unit may include a movable mirror that scans a laser beam in the invisible range emitted from the laser light source in the invisible range in a direction orthogonal to a scanning direction of the polygon mirror.
• the present invention also provides a laser light source that emits a laser beam in an invisible range, a scanning unit that scans the laser beam, and an oscillation timing of the laser light source and a scanning timing of the scanning unit to control the air.
• Control means for drawing a visible image in the air as an afterimage phenomenon of light emission at a portion where the drawing is to be performed, and the laser light source has a self-focusing action. It may emit a laser beam in the invisible range.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing Embodiment 1 of an aerial visible image forming apparatus according to the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a state in which a visible image is formed in time in the air.
• FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a stationary state of a visible image formed in the air as an afterimage phenomenon.
• FIG. 4 is an external view showing a state where the aerial visible image forming apparatus is installed on a building structure.
• FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing Embodiment 2 of the aerial visible image forming apparatus of the present invention.
• FIG. 6 is a side view of the aerial visible image forming apparatus shown in FIG.
• FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing Embodiment 3 of the aerial visible image forming apparatus of the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a side view of the aerial visible image forming apparatus shown in FIG.
• FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing Embodiment 4 of the aerial visible image forming apparatus according to the present invention.
• FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing Embodiment 5 of the aerial visible image forming apparatus according to the present invention.
• FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of the aerial visible image forming apparatus shown in FIG.
• FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing Embodiment 6 of the aerial visible image forming apparatus of the present invention.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an aerial visible image forming apparatus 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
• the aerial visible image forming apparatus 1 includes a laser light source 2, a running unit 3, a condensing optical system 4, a control unit 5, and an operation input unit 6.
• the laser source 2 is, for example, N d: YAG laser device, N d: G lass laser device, C_ ⁇ 2 laser device is used, they both oscillates at wavelength 1 mu or more wavelength regions, the visible region Emit a laser beam, ie, an infrared laser beam.
• the beam is less affected by absorption and scattering by the atmosphere and has the property of propagating to distant places.
• the scanning means 3 is roughly composed of a rotating mirror 7 and a driving mirror 8.
• the rotating mirror 7 is rotated about a rotation axis 9, and the swing mirror 8 is rotated about a rotation axis 10.
• the rotating mirror 7 and the moving mirror 8 serve to scan the infrared laser beam in the X- ⁇ direction.
• the condenser optical system 4 has a condenser lens 11.
• the infrared laser beam emitted from the laser light source 2 is swung in X and Y directions by the scanning means 3 and guided to the condenser lens 11.
• the condenser lens 11 plays a role of condensing one beam of the infrared laser beam, and is configured to be movable along an emission optical axis ⁇ ⁇ of the infrared laser beam, and 12 is a driving device thereof.
• the control means 5 has a role of controlling the laser light source 2, the scanning means 3, and the driving device 12, and the operation input means 6 is used to input a visible image to be formed in the air and other information necessary for control. Can be
• the laser light source 2 is oscillated in the Q switch mode by the control means 5.
• the laser light source 2 oscillates in the Q switch mode, it emits a pulse beam of about 10 nanoseconds (ns).
• the refine the pulsed beam diameter 0. 1 mm of spot beams, about 1 0 1.
• a peak output of W / cm 2 is obtained.
• an Nd: YAG laser is used as the laser light source 2
• the oscillation wavelength is 1.06 ⁇
• the energy per pulse is 10 mJ
• the repetition frequency is 20 H z, which is emitted intermittently.
• the infrared laser beam when the infrared laser beam is condensed by the condenser lens 11 on the visible image forming place (planned drawing place) 13 in the air, it will be present at the visible image forming place 13
• the gas is locally brought into a plasma state, and a flash is generated at a portion 13 where a visible image is to be formed in the air.
• the portion 13 where the visible image is to be formed is recognized as a light emitting point when viewed from a distance.
• the scanning means 3 is controlled in the X direction so that the infrared laser beam is guided to the visible image forming portion 13 a in the air, and the laser The light source 2 is oscillated to cause the gas in the visible image forming area 13a to emit plasma, and then at time t2, the infrared laser light is guided to the visible image forming area 13b in the air.
• Scanning means 3 is controlled in the X direction, and immediately after, laser light source 2 is oscillated to emit gas at a portion 13 b where visible image is to be formed.
• the running means 3 is controlled in the X direction so that the infrared laser beam is guided to the scheduled image formation location 13 c, and the laser light source 2 is oscillated immediately afterward, and the gas at the visible image formation location 13 c is controlled. Is caused to emit plasma.
• the scanning means 3 is controlled in the Y direction so that the infrared laser beam is guided to the scheduled visible image forming location 13d in the air, and the visible image forming scheduled location 13d is controlled.
• the gas is caused to emit plasma, and then at time t5, the scanning means 3 is controlled in the Y direction so that the infrared laser beam is guided to the visible image forming portion 13e in the air, thereby forming a visible image.
• the gas at location 13 e is made to emit plasma.
• the visible image T is visually recognized as if it were drawn in the air as a stationary state.
• control means 5 controls the oscillation of the laser light source 2 in order to draw a visible image in the air as an afterimage phenomenon of luminescence generated in time series at each of the planned drawing positions 13 a to 13 e in the air.
• Timing and running means Control the running timing of 3.
• the condensing lens 11 When the condensing lens 11 is moved along the direction of the output optical axis O, the condensing position of the condensing lens 11 is changed, whereby the laser light source 2. The distance to 13 is changed.
• the drawing position is changed from the drawing position 13 to the drawing position 13 ′, and by controlling the scanning means 3 and the driving device 12, the infrared laser beam is three-dimensionally projected in the XYZ directions. Scanning can be done, and a visible image is three-dimensionally drawn in the air.
• this aerial visible image forming device 1 is installed on the roof of a building structure 14 such as a fire department, and when a fire or the like occurs, the aerial visible image forming device 1 is operated to “ If emergency information such as "" is displayed as a visible image in the air, residents can be informed of fire information at once.
• the scanning trajectory of the laser beam is made conscious.
• the distance from the laser light source 2 to the drawing position is changed by moving the condenser lens 11 along the emission optical axis ⁇ .
• the condenser lens 11 may be provided in the condenser optical system 4 and the distance from the laser light source 2 to the drawing portion may be changed by switching the condenser lens 11.
• a zoom lens may be provided in the condensing optical system 4, and the focal length may be changed by the zoom lens to change the distance from the laser light source 2 to the drawing target position.
• an optical path length changing optical element is provided on the laser beam emitting side of the condenser lens 11 so that the distance from the laser light source 2 to the drawing position is changed by inserting and removing the optical path length changing optical element. You may do it.
• the output power density is 1 0 8 W / cm 2 or more laser pulse width in the laser primary light sources 2 repetition frequency at 5 0 ns or less at the addition converging point 1 0 H z or If a device that can output a beam is used, a visible image can be drawn in the air without any problem.
• a polygon mirror apparatus 15 is used for the scanning means 3 of the visible image forming apparatus 1.
• the polygon mirror device 15 includes a spindle motor 16 and a polygon mirror 17.
• Reference numeral 18 denotes a rotation axis of the polygon mirror device 15, and reference numeral 19 denotes a mirror surface of the polygon mirror body.
• the laser light source 2 is composed of three laser light sources 2a to 2c.
• the laser light sources 2a to 2c are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the scanning direction of the polygon mirror. Its each laser light source 2a 2c and the polygon mirror device 15 are controlled by the control means 5.
• the infrared laser beams emitted from the laser light sources 2a and 2c are appropriately reflected by the reflection mirrors 20 and 21 and guided to the mirror surface 19, and the polygon mirror device 15 Scans in the X direction.
• the laser beam is scanned in the Y direction by oscillating each of the laser light sources 2a, 2b, and 2c in time series.
• the number of the laser light sources 2 is set to “3”, but is not limited to this, and may be four or more.
• the scanning of the scanning unit 3 can be performed only in the one-dimensional direction, and the scanning unit 3 can be simplified as compared with the first embodiment.
• the running means 3 includes a polygon mirror 15, a reflection mirror 20 A, and a movable mirror 21 A. It consists of. There is only one laser light source 2.
• the reflecting mirror 2OA and the movable mirror 21A are provided between the laser light source 2 and the mirror surface 19 of the polygon mirror body 17.
• the infrared laser beam emitted from the laser light source 2 is reflected by the reflection mirror 20 A and guided to the movable mirror 21 A, and the movable mirror 21 A is reflected by the reflection mirror 2 OA.
• the light is reflected toward the mirror surface 19.
• the movable mirror 21 A is moved along a direction orthogonal to the scanning direction of the polygon mirror, in other words, along the reflection optical axis O 1 of the reflection mirror 20 A, and the infrared laser beam is Five
• the structure of the scanning unit 3 can be simplified without increasing the number of the laser light sources 2.
• the aerial visible image forming apparatus 1 forms a visible image in the air inside the dome 22 as shown in FIG. Is a partition wall constituting the dome 22.
• the laser light source 2 of the aerial visible image forming apparatus 1 an infrared laser light source may be used as in the first embodiment, but here, the laser light source for emitting a laser beam in the invisible region is used.
• a laser light source that emits an ultraviolet laser beam is used.
• FHG of Nd: YA • G that is, the fourth harmonic (wavelength: 2666 nm) is used.
• the outside of the dome 22 is separated from the inside by a partition wall 23, and the inside of the dome 22 is evacuated by a vacuum pump device 24, and noble gas supplied from a reservoir 25 instead of air. And the pressure of the rare gas in the dome 22 is reduced to 1 atm or less.
• Argon, neon, and krypton are used as the noble gas.
• a material having a property of transmitting visible light and absorbing a laser beam in an ultraviolet region for example, a material obtained by forming an ultraviolet absorbing coating film on an acrylic resin material can be used.
• the functions of the laser light source 2, the scanning means 3, and the control means 5 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Since the dome 22 is filled with a rare gas, the laser-light source 2 has a high output. It is only necessary to use a material that has a photon energy larger than the ionization energy of the molecules and atoms of the rare gas without using a laser. The gas existing in 13 is made to emit plasma.
• the rare gas When the rare gas is neon, it can be controlled by a laser beam in the ultraviolet range.
• the gas existing at the visual image formation site 13 emits pink light, and when the rare gas is argon, it emits blue light, and when the rare gas enters the plasma state, it emits light with a unique emission color of the rare gas. This makes it possible to draw a three-dimensional visible image of the light beam in the air.
• an infrared laser light source that generates multiphoton absorption can be used.
• any laser light source that can generate photon energy sufficient to emit rare gas molecule atoms can be used.
• the partition wall 23 that absorbs the infrared laser is used.
• the noble gas is sealed in the dome 22, but it is also possible to reduce the pressure of the nitrogen gas and oxygen gas in the dome 22.
• FIG. 10 shows a visible image forming apparatus 1 according to the fifth embodiment.
• the laser light source 2 generates a laser beam in the invisible range and the laser light source 2 generates a laser beam in the visible range.
• Nd YAG laser SHG (wavelength 5332 nm or 4773 nm or 66 O nm), He—Ne laser, or Ar laser can be used as the laser light source 26 in the visible region.
• the laser light source 26 emits a green (G) laser beam.
• the laser light source 26 is intermittently oscillated by the control means 5 in synchronization with the laser light source 2.
• a carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) laser and an Nd: YAG laser are used as the laser light source 2.
• a dichroic mirror 27 is provided between the laser light source 2 and the rotating mirror 7.
• the dichroic mirror 27 transmits a laser beam in the invisible range and a laser in the green wavelength range. It has an optical property of reflecting a beam.
• the laser beam in the invisible range from the laser light source 2 and the laser beam in the visible range from the laser light source 26 are made coaxial by the dichroic mirror 27 and guided to the scanning means 3. Scan in the XY direction.
• the output power of the laser light source 2 is sufficient as long as it rapidly heats the gas existing at the drawing position 13 to cause fluctuation of the refractive index at the drawing position.
• control means 5 controls the oscillation timing of each laser light source 2, 26, the running timing of the scanning means 3, and the driving timing of the driving device 12. I do.
• a color visible image can be three-dimensionally drawn in the air.
• Fig. 11 1 is a modified example, a laser light source 2 that generates a laser beam in the invisible range, a red laser light source 28 that emits an R-color laser beam, and a green laser light source 2 that emits a G-color laser beam.
• 9 is a diagram showing a configuration in which a laser beam 9 and a blue laser light source 30 that emits a B-color laser beam are coaxially guided to a scanning unit 3.
• the dichroic mirror 31 has a reflection characteristic of transmitting a laser beam in the invisible range and reflecting a red laser beam.
• the dichroic mirror 32 has the property of transmitting a laser beam in the invisible range and a red laser beam and reflecting a green laser beam.
• the dichroic mirror 33 has a property of transmitting a laser beam, a red laser beam, and a green laser beam in an invisible range and reflecting a blue laser beam.
• Each laser beam is made coaxial by the dichroic mirrors 31, 32 and 33, guided to the scanning means 3, and scanned by the scanning means 3 to form a visible image in the air. be painted.
• each of the laser light sources 28, 29, 30 and the oscillation stop thereof are controlled by the control means 5, whereby a desired full-color visible image is drawn in the air.
• the condensing optical system 4 includes a convex mirror 34 and a concave mirror 35, and two and two lasers of each laser light source are used.
• the beam is diffused by the convex mirror 34, and the laser beam diffused by the convex mirror 34 is condensed by the concave mirror 35 on the visible image forming scheduled place 13;
• a transmission window 36 for transmitting each laser beam is formed in the concave mirror 35.
• the radius of curvature of the convex mirror 34 and the radius of curvature of the concave mirror 35, and the positional relationship between the convex mirror 34 and the concave mirror 35 are the distance from the laser light source 2 to the location 13 where the image is to be formed. Set the distance up to the scheduled image formation location 13. According to this, the distance from the apparatus main body to the visible image formation scheduled portion 13 can be increased.
• the condensing optical system 4 is provided.
• a laser light source that emits a laser beam in the invisible region having a self-focusing action.
• a visible image of a desired color can be obtained not only in two dimensions, but also without forming a screen in the air without being conscious of the traveling trajectory of the laser beam.
• T can be drawn in three dimensions

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• 2002
  • 2002-02-13 JP JP2002035641A patent/JP3650811B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2003
  • 2003-02-10 AU AU2003207204A patent/AU2003207204A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-02-10 WO PCT/JP2003/001375 patent/WO2003069590A1/ja not_active Ceased
• 2004
  • 2004-08-12 US US10/917,264 patent/US7533995B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
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