WO2002102678A1 - Schraubkappe mit garantieband - Google Patents
Schraubkappe mit garantieband Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002102678A1 WO2002102678A1 PCT/CH2002/000277 CH0200277W WO02102678A1 WO 2002102678 A1 WO2002102678 A1 WO 2002102678A1 CH 0200277 W CH0200277 W CH 0200277W WO 02102678 A1 WO02102678 A1 WO 02102678A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- screw cap
- container
- cutting element
- closure according
- edge
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
- B65D41/34—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt
- B65D41/3404—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with ratchet-and-pawl mechanism between the container and the closure skirt or the tamper element
- B65D41/3409—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with ratchet-and-pawl mechanism between the container and the closure skirt or the tamper element the tamper element being integrally connected to the closure by means of bridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D55/00—Accessories for container closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D55/02—Locking devices; Means for discouraging or indicating unauthorised opening or removal of closure
- B65D55/024—Closures in which a part has to be ruptured to gain access to the contents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a container with a closure, consisting of a screw cap with an internal thread and a guarantee band attached to it and connected via bridging points without a tear-open tab, the container having a cylindrical spout with an external thread on which the screw cap is held.
- Screw caps of the type mentioned have been known for many years. Last but not least, their design depends on the material from which the container on which the closure is placed is made. In the case of glass bottles, the spout is usually standardized and the screw caps must therefore conform to the standard. For plastic containers, the spout can be varied much more freely. Also for containers made of so-called soft material, plastic spouts are used, which in turn can be manufactured with great design freedom.
- the invention relates to screw caps that together with containers made of plastic or soft material. act, the spout is made of plastic and the screw cap and the spout are coordinated.
- the molecular chains are therefore aligned in their area. These molecular chains, which are now oriented in the direction of the predetermined breaking webs, have their greatest resistance in precisely this direction. In other words, the forces that occur when screwing on run practically axially to the pouring direction and thus exactly in the direction of the predetermined breaking points. In addition, there is the known effect that the tensile forces are increased relatively slowly when screwing on, whereby material stretching occurs, which leads to a further alignment of the molecular chains and causes an increased tensile strength.
- DE-A-31 00 629 proposes a screw cap with a guarantee band, in which the guarantee band is initially integrally formed on the screw cap and the predetermined breaking line is only produced subsequently, by appropriate separation while leaving predetermined breaking webs.
- Such closures are much easier to open and can be used practically without waste to be produced.
- the production is extremely expensive due to the two-stage production alone. Accordingly, such closures are hardly available on the market.
- Figure 1 is a side view of the screw cap closure according to the invention, in which the spout is a separate part provided with a flange, which can be placed on a container and
- FIG. 2 shows the spout that can be placed on a container by itself in the view from above.
- Figure 3 shows an axial vertical section through the screw cap as shown in Figure 1, omitting the spout.
- FIGS 4 to 7 show schematically the various possible arrangements, the cutting elements and the SoUbruchstellenbrucken.
- the closure of interest here is a screw closure, in which the spout is molded or attached to the container, the closure consequently consisting of a screw cap, provided with an internal thread and a guarantee band connected to the screw cap via SoUbruchstellenbrucken, which has no tear tab.
- the container B can, as shown in FIG. 1, be a plastic bottle or a container made of soft material, namely a tubular bag made of a multilayer film consists of different materials.
- Such multilayer, laminated film materials consist, for example, of a paper or cardboard layer which is designed to be laminated with plastic films and an aluminum film layer.
- the spout in the form of a cylindrical sheet is then glued or welded onto such a container made of soft material. If container B is a plastic bottle, this bung is formed by the bottle neck.
- the bung 1 has a flange 2 and a cylindrical spout 3, which is provided with an external thread 4.
- the screw cap 5 can be fastened on the cylindrical spout 3 with the external thread 4.
- the screw cap 5 has an upper cover surface 6, to which a peripheral wall 7 adjoins all around.
- a guarantee band 11 is formed over a plurality of SoUbruchstellenbrucken 10.
- the guarantee band 11 has the shape of a conical ring.
- the SoUbruchstellenbrucken 10 bridge the distance a between the lower edge 12 of the cap 5 and the upper edge 13 of the guarantee tape 11. Between each two adjacent SoUbruchstellenbrucken 10 and the two edges mentioned, there are gaps 14.
- the jacket wall 7 has a corresponding ribbing or ribbing 9 on the outer surface.
- FIG. 2 a bung 1 is shown in FIG. 2 as it can be attached in particular to soft packaging.
- the bung 1 consists of a cylindrical spout 3, on the lower edge of which a circular flange 2 is formed.
- the flange 2 corresponds to a collar 2 '.
- the flange 2 mainly serves to fasten the bung 1 to the soft packaging, the collar 2 'is intended in particular to ensure that the tamper-evident band cannot be manipulated by reaching under the tether band.
- the guarantee band 11 lies at least approximately on the collar 2 'in the case of a plastic container, while in the version of a soft packaging the guarantee band 11 comes to rest on the flange 2 mentioned.
- a retaining collar 15 is formed on the cylindrical spout 3 above the flange 2.
- the diameter of the holding collar 15 corresponds approximately to the inside diameter of the screw cap in the region of the lower edge 12. At least one is on this holding collar 15
- Cutting element 20 molded.
- the holding collar 15 is provided with support cams 16 which engage in the spaces 14 mentioned. Likewise, the cutting elements 20 project radially outwards through the spaces 14.
- the screw cap 5 has an internal thread 8 which, like the external thread 4 of the cylindrical spout 3, is designed as a fine thread. This allows the screw cap 5 to be assembled by simply colliding, the two threads sliding over one another like a ratchet. In order to ensure that with this type of installation the guarantee band 11 does not immediately press onto the flange 2 or the collar 2 ′ and the So breakage bridges are destroyed during assembly, the support cams 16 can absorb these forces.
- the holding collar 15 itself is in turn connected to the flange 2 or the collar 2 'by means of support struts 17.
- the collar 2 ' can of course in turn be supported against the container B, but this is not shown in the drawing here.
- an orientation mark 18, which serves for positioning the bung during assembly is attached to the flange.
- the one mentioned Orientation mark allows alignment of the bung with appropriate machines, whereupon the screw cap 5, which can also be provided with orientation means (not shown here), can be put together in a predetermined angular position relative to one another and, as already mentioned, can then be assembled by simply pushing it together . This ensures, for example, that the cutting elements get exactly into the intermediate spaces 14 during such an assembly.
- the shape of the cutting elements 20 or the possibly only cutting element 20 advantageously has the shape of a fin or a saw tooth.
- the edge 21 located at the front in the unscrewing direction hereinafter called the front edge, is inclined to the radial direction such that when unscrewing the front edge pulls the SoUbruchstellenbrucken from the outside to the center and cuts.
- the front edge 22 in the unscrewing direction which can also be called the rear edge, runs approximately parallel to the front edge 21. If the screw cap according to the invention is not assembled as described above by pure axial collision, but by screwing on, this rear edge 22 acts as a deflector and can to elastically deform the SoUbruchstellenbrucken 10 outwards without being separated.
- the design of the cutting elements 20 as a fin thus enables various assembly methods to be used. So that this is correct possible -, the tapered outward protruding band 11 with its lower outwardly projecting edge 19 must protrude so far that when the screw is screwed on, the fin-shaped cutting element 20 actually comes under the band.
- the cutting elements 20 and the support cams 16 should advantageously bear against the lower edge 12 of the casing wall 7 in the assembled state.
- This angle is of course dependent on how many cutting elements 20 are present and how their circumference is distributed.
- the distribution of the SoUbruchstellenbrucken 10 on the circumference determines the angle of rotation, which is necessary to separate all predetermined breaking points.
- FIGS. 4 to 7 In the simplest form, a single cutting element 20 be present and the predetermined breaking points are cut one after the other in the sense of the rotation of the screw cap, as the numbering shown here explains.
- a second variant is shown in FIG. In this variant there are two cutting elements 20.
- the SoUbruchstellenbrucken 10 are arranged evenly distributed around the circumference. The two finned cutting elements are not exactly diametrically opposed to each other, but are slightly offset by an angle.
- FIG. 7 a variant is shown in which three cutting elements are arranged at regular intervals and in between there are three SoUbruchstellebrucken each at regular intervals between two adjacent cutting elements.
- the closure can be released from the guarantee band with a third turn.
- the effort is around three times as high as in the variant in which only one bridge is cut at a time.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
- Package Frames And Binding Bands (AREA)
- Belt Conveyors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE50204271T DE50204271D1 (de) | 2001-06-18 | 2002-05-24 | Schraubkappe mit garantieband |
EP02780752A EP1397296B8 (de) | 2001-06-18 | 2002-05-24 | Schraubkappe mit garantieband |
US10/481,169 US7077278B2 (en) | 2001-06-18 | 2002-05-24 | Screw cap comprising a tamper-evident band |
AT02780752T ATE304486T1 (de) | 2001-06-18 | 2002-05-24 | Schraubkappe mit garantieband |
DK02780752T DK1397296T3 (da) | 2001-06-18 | 2002-05-24 | Skruehætte med sikringsbånd |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH11042001 | 2001-06-18 | ||
CH1104/01 | 2001-06-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002102678A1 true WO2002102678A1 (de) | 2002-12-27 |
Family
ID=4557676
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH2002/000277 WO2002102678A1 (de) | 2001-06-18 | 2002-05-24 | Schraubkappe mit garantieband |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7077278B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1397296B8 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE304486T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50204271D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1397296T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2247388T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002102678A1 (de) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009010681B3 (de) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-01-28 | Sig Technology Ag | Deckelanordnung mit Originalitätssiegel |
USD633386S1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2011-03-01 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Closure |
USD634199S1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2011-03-15 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Closure |
USD634200S1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2011-03-15 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Closure |
US8231020B2 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2012-07-31 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Impact resistant closure |
WO2012136417A1 (de) | 2011-04-06 | 2012-10-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schraubverschluss mit garantieband |
ITFI20120158A1 (it) * | 2012-08-02 | 2014-02-03 | Vieri Ceccherini | "contenitore in plastica con tappo e sigillo di garanzia" |
EP3265396A4 (de) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-11-07 | AptarGroup, Inc | Anbau sowie schutzkappe dafür |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7413097B1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2008-08-19 | Portola Packaging, Inc. | Tamper-evident closure and method of making same |
FR2973781B1 (fr) | 2011-04-05 | 2014-07-11 | Bericap | Bouchon a obturateur coulissant presentant plusieurs trous de distribution |
BR302014001174S1 (pt) | 2013-09-18 | 2015-05-12 | Bericap | Configuração ornamental aplicada em tampa |
EP3398871B1 (de) * | 2013-11-04 | 2019-09-25 | AptarGroup, Inc. | Verschlusselement mit erstöffnungsgarantie und aufnahmestruktur |
FR3015442B1 (fr) | 2013-12-24 | 2016-02-05 | Bericap | Dispositif de bouchage articule avec indicateur de premiere ouverture |
USD833278S1 (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2018-11-13 | Bericap | Closure for a container |
USD802421S1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-11-14 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Cap for bottles |
WO2018142294A1 (en) * | 2017-02-01 | 2018-08-09 | Paharpur 3P | Tamper-proof cap and spout and methods related thereto |
CN106800136A (zh) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-06 | 苏州华源控股股份有限公司 | 一种防伪花篮盖 |
US11059633B2 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2021-07-13 | Cheer Pack North America | Flip-top closure for container |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3111692A1 (de) * | 1980-03-26 | 1982-01-07 | Anchor Hocking Corp., 43130 Lancaster, Ohio | Einstueckig geformte verschlusskappen zum abdichten eines behaelters, insbesondere einer flasche |
GB2159123A (en) * | 1984-05-23 | 1985-11-27 | Yoken Co Ltd | A bag with drinking straw |
EP0593396A1 (de) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-20 | Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc. | Garantieverschluss aus Kunststoff |
US6116443A (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-09-12 | Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola S.C.R.L. | Plastic screw cap with tamper-evident ring |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3463341A (en) * | 1967-12-18 | 1969-08-26 | Roehr Metals & Plastics Co | Tamper-indicating closure |
US4322009A (en) | 1980-05-19 | 1982-03-30 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Tamper proof molded plastic closure |
US4458820A (en) * | 1983-02-14 | 1984-07-10 | Martin Abrams | Tamper-indicating arrangement for a container |
EP0308995A3 (de) | 1984-01-18 | 1989-04-05 | Japan Crown Cork Co. Ltd. | Diebstahlsicherer Plastikverschluss für Behälter |
US4936475A (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1990-06-26 | Sunbeam Plastics Corporation | Threaded tamper indicating closure |
DE58905985D1 (de) | 1988-11-28 | 1993-11-25 | Crown Cork Ag | Schraubkappe mit Garantieband. |
ATE149945T1 (de) | 1992-12-22 | 1997-03-15 | Crown Cork Ag | Garantieverschluss und verfahren zum herstellen eines garantieverschlusses |
-
2002
- 2002-05-24 EP EP02780752A patent/EP1397296B8/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-24 DE DE50204271T patent/DE50204271D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-24 WO PCT/CH2002/000277 patent/WO2002102678A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-05-24 AT AT02780752T patent/ATE304486T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-24 DK DK02780752T patent/DK1397296T3/da active
- 2002-05-24 ES ES02780752T patent/ES2247388T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-24 US US10/481,169 patent/US7077278B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3111692A1 (de) * | 1980-03-26 | 1982-01-07 | Anchor Hocking Corp., 43130 Lancaster, Ohio | Einstueckig geformte verschlusskappen zum abdichten eines behaelters, insbesondere einer flasche |
GB2159123A (en) * | 1984-05-23 | 1985-11-27 | Yoken Co Ltd | A bag with drinking straw |
EP0593396A1 (de) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-20 | Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc. | Garantieverschluss aus Kunststoff |
US6116443A (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-09-12 | Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola S.C.R.L. | Plastic screw cap with tamper-evident ring |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009010681B3 (de) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-01-28 | Sig Technology Ag | Deckelanordnung mit Originalitätssiegel |
WO2010097476A1 (de) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | Sig Technology Ag | Deckelanordnung mit originalitätssiegel |
USD633386S1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2011-03-01 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Closure |
USD634199S1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2011-03-15 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Closure |
USD634200S1 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2011-03-15 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Closure |
US8231020B2 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2012-07-31 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Impact resistant closure |
US8672158B2 (en) | 2010-05-27 | 2014-03-18 | Silgan White Cap LLC | Impact resistant closure |
WO2012136417A1 (de) | 2011-04-06 | 2012-10-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schraubverschluss mit garantieband |
DE102011006845A1 (de) | 2011-04-06 | 2012-10-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schraubverschluss mit Garantieband |
ITFI20120158A1 (it) * | 2012-08-02 | 2014-02-03 | Vieri Ceccherini | "contenitore in plastica con tappo e sigillo di garanzia" |
EP3265396A4 (de) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-11-07 | AptarGroup, Inc | Anbau sowie schutzkappe dafür |
US10293988B2 (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2019-05-21 | Aptargroup, Inc. | Fitment and overcap therefor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040206720A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
ES2247388T3 (es) | 2006-03-01 |
DE50204271D1 (de) | 2005-10-20 |
ATE304486T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
EP1397296B8 (de) | 2005-11-23 |
US7077278B2 (en) | 2006-07-18 |
DK1397296T3 (da) | 2005-12-19 |
EP1397296A1 (de) | 2004-03-17 |
EP1397296B1 (de) | 2005-09-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1322523B1 (de) | Verschliessvorrichtung aus kunststoff mit durchstosser | |
EP1397296B1 (de) | Schraubkappe mit garantieband | |
EP1868903B1 (de) | Wiederverschliessbares ausgiesselement für karton/kunststoff-verbundpackungen | |
DE3878478T2 (de) | Garantiesiegel fuer flaschen. | |
EP3041753B1 (de) | Selbstöffnender kunststoffverschluss | |
DE60034988T2 (de) | Sicherheitsverschluss für Behälter und Herstellungsverfahren | |
EP2566768B1 (de) | Behältnis mit schraubverschluss | |
EP2097329B1 (de) | Halbfabrikat zur fertigung einer öffnungsvorrichtung | |
DE602005003562T2 (de) | Originalitätssicherungsverschluss, verpackung und herstellungsverfahren | |
DE3714582A1 (de) | Verpackung mit garantieverschluss | |
EP0916587A1 (de) | Garantieverschluss | |
EP2368808A2 (de) | Selbstöffnendes und wiederverschließbares Ausgießelement aus Kunststoff zur Applikation auf einer Packung für Flüssigkeiten | |
EP2125542A2 (de) | Verschliessvorrichtung aus kunststoff mit schneidhülse | |
WO2004083055A1 (de) | Verschlussvorrichtung für ein behältnis aus laminiertem papier oder karton | |
WO2007031162A1 (de) | Garantieschraubverschluss für behälter und flaschen, insbesondere für kunststoffflaschen | |
WO2020178012A1 (de) | Kunststoffdrehverschluss mit mindestens einem verbindungselement | |
EP1339615B1 (de) | Schraubkappe mit garantieband | |
EP0931001A1 (de) | Schraubverschluss mit einem sicherheits- und garantieband | |
EP1529005B1 (de) | Verschluss/ausgiess-kombination mit originalit tssicherung | |
DE20111584U1 (de) | Verschluss/Behälter-Kombination mit Originalitätssicherung | |
DE102018108491A1 (de) | Fälschungssicherer Schraubverschluss | |
DE2337929A1 (de) | Sicherungsring an behaelterverschluss | |
DE3233803A1 (de) | Verschlusskappe | |
DE29801270U1 (de) | Ausgiesseinschweissteil | |
DE3512129C2 (de) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ CZ DE DE DK DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2002780752 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10481169 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2002780752 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 2002780752 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: JP |