WO2002060188A1 - Procede et circuit de separations de signaux y-c - Google Patents
Procede et circuit de separations de signaux y-c Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002060188A1 WO2002060188A1 PCT/JP2002/000503 JP0200503W WO02060188A1 WO 2002060188 A1 WO2002060188 A1 WO 2002060188A1 JP 0200503 W JP0200503 W JP 0200503W WO 02060188 A1 WO02060188 A1 WO 02060188A1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 164
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/77—Circuits for processing the brightness signal and the chrominance signal relative to each other, e.g. adjusting the phase of the brightness signal relative to the colour signal, correcting differential gain or differential phase
- H04N9/78—Circuits for processing the brightness signal and the chrominance signal relative to each other, e.g. adjusting the phase of the brightness signal relative to the colour signal, correcting differential gain or differential phase for separating the brightness signal or the chrominance signal from the colour television signal, e.g. using comb filter
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for separating an NTZ C analog television signal converted into an analog Z digital signal using a certain sampling frequency into a luminance (Y) signal and a chroma (C) signal.
- the sampling frequency for analog-to-digital conversion is not an integral multiple of the color subcarrier frequency of the television signal, the amount of the luminance component signal appearing in the Y / C separated color component signal or the YZC separation YZC of the NTSC C television signal that can reduce the amount of color component signals appearing in the extracted luminance signal even when inputting a material whose output signal fluctuates over time, such as VCR material. It relates to separation circuits and methods. Background art
- the signal in the image area period is a mixture of the amplitude-modulated luminance signal (Y) and the color signal modulated by the color subcarrier signal.
- the NTSC analog television signal includes a vertical and horizontal synchronization component signal, and a signal called a color burst, which is used as a reference when performing color demodulation on the receiver side.
- this type of signal is a composite signal, and is usually called a color composite video signal.
- the color composite video signal (composite signal) is decoded, the luminance signal and the color signal are separated, and the color signal is further separated. Combined with RGB color signals.
- the video area of the so-called NTSC analog television signal (also called composite signal) can be expressed as the following equation.
- Comp (t) is a television signal in the image area
- Y is a luminance signal
- C is a color (chroma) signal
- ⁇ is the angular frequency of the color subcarrier signal
- t is time.
- the YZC separation of an NTSC analog television signal is to obtain Y (t) and (t) independently from the signal of Comp (t) in the above equation. Normally, complete separation is difficult because the frequency bands of Y (t) and c (t) overlap, however, conventionally, the color subcarrier signal frequency, the color subcarrier frequency and Various YZC separation methods have been proposed and actually implemented using the relationship between the horizontal scanning frequency or vertical scanning frequency of television signals.
- a method of YZC separation there is a one-dimensional YZC separation method in which a band-pass filter output having a color subcarrier frequency of a color signal as a center frequency is used as a color component signal and the remaining is a luminance component signal. Also, the relationship between the color subcarrier frequency in the television signal and the television horizontal scanning frequency, in other words, the phase difference of the color subcarrier frequency between adjacent scanning lines is 180 degrees, and the image of this adjacent scanning line is There is a two-dimensional YZC separation (comb filter) method in which the signals of adjacent scanning lines are added and the luminance signal is subtracted to calculate the color signal, assuming that there is a correlation.
- (1) data of a scan line above or below the target scan line is used as an adjacent scan line, or (2) scan line data above and below the target scan line.
- the method of using the scanning lines between these fields and between frames is called 3D YZC separation.
- the one-dimensional YZC separation method that switches adaptively that is, the adaptive YZC separation method is generally used.
- the various adaptive YZC separations described above depend on the amount of the luminance component signal appearing in the separated color signal or the amount of the color component signal appearing in the separated luminance signal according to the degree of demand for reduction. Selected and used. In general, reducing the amount of color component signals that appear in the separated luminance signal suppresses dot interference, and reducing the amount of luminance component signals that appear in the separated color signal reduces cross-color. It is said that. In addition, various methods have been proposed or implemented to perform YZC separation without deteriorating overall image quality, or to provide cost-effective methods that match the objectives of the equipment used. However, various problems still remain.
- the two-dimensional YZC separation described above has been implemented by an analog method using a glass delay line or CCD in the past, and has recently been implemented by digital processing.
- the conventional YZC separation method in digital processing uses sampling of a frequency 2 fsc, which is an integer multiple of the color subcarrier (sub'carrier) frequency, for example, twice the color subcarrier frequency fsc, or 4 times the frequency 4 fsc.
- the predominant method was a digital signal sampled with a clock signal. This is because the analog video signal is digitally processed instead of being processed by an analog circuit, and is finally output as an analog signal, in other words, as a signal having analog timing.
- ITU-R BT. 656 (formerly CC IR 656).
- This Recommendation is an interface standard for digital component video signals in 525-line and 625-line television systems operating at 4: 2: 2 level in ITU-R BT.601.
- ITU-R BT. 601 is a standard for digital television studio coding parameters for standard 4: 3 and wide-screen 16: 9 aspect ratios.
- a clock signal (hereinafter abbreviated as fc) having a frequency of 2716 times the horizontal synchronization frequency of the NTSC standard television signal and a frequency of 27 MHz.
- This frequency is a value determined in consideration of the mutual conversion between the PAL and NTSC television signals, and is not an integer multiple of the color subcarrier frequency of the NTSC television signal.
- the sampling frequency in the “4: 2: 2 digital 'component television signal” standard of ITU-R BT.601 described above is 13.5 MHz for the Y signal and 6.75 for the Cb and Cr signals. MHz. Therefore, comparing 4 fsc with 13.5 MHz, the former clock interval is a 90 degree phase rotation of the chrominance subcarrier signal. In addition, the latter corresponds to a phase rotation of 95.44545 degrees. At 2: fsc and 6.75 MHz, they correspond to 180 degrees and 190.91 degrees, respectively.
- a YZC separation method that can operate even at a clock frequency that is not an integral multiple of the color subcarrier frequency, such as a clock interval of 90 degrees or 180 degrees, is needed.
- the above-described frequency relationship is maintained between the color subcarrier frequency and the horizontal synchronization signal frequency, but the phase relationship between the two signals is generally uncertain. It is a target.
- the uncertainty of this phase relationship is that when sampling is performed with a peak signal synchronized with the color subcarrier frequency, the phase of the horizontal synchronization signal that is sampled, digitally processed, and finally output is sampled, and The phase of the image itself may cause a discontinuity (or mismatch) with the phase in the input signal. And this problem also leads to an increase in the horizontal blanking of the output signal, in other words, a decrease in the horizontal width of the image area.
- RS-OA a new and improved standard RS-OA was proposed from the conventional RS-170 standard for NTSC television signals.
- the phase difference between the horizontal synchronization signal and the chrominance subcarrier signal is defined in a certain range based on the chrominance subcarrier frequency.
- a clock signal is generated in synchronization with a horizontal synchronization signal of an input signal.
- this clock signal Signal and generates a color subcarrier signal formed of, for example, 8 quantized bits, compares the phase of the generated color subcarrier signal with the color burst signal in the input signal, and determines the phase difference.
- a method of controlling the phase of the generated chrominance subcarrier signal so as to keep it constant, or a method called a digital PLL has been used.
- time base collectors In the case of signal materials with time-axis fluctuations, such as analog VCR and analog VTR playback signals, in broadcast stations, etc., input material signals are expensive and sophisticated devices called time base collectors. (Particularly the luminance signal) on the time axis. If a signal material with time axis fluctuation is input without using such a time base collector and a clock signal (sampling * clock signal) is generated in synchronization with this horizontal synchronization signal, The following problems occur: If the NTSC television join signal digitized by this clock signal is separated into YZC signals by the conventional method as described above, the so-called dot disturbance and cross color on the time axis will occur due to fluctuations in the clock cycle. Will occur.
- a similar problem is that the horizontal synchronization signal of the input material signal has a frequency change rather than a jitter, and consequently the relationship between the color subcarrier frequency of the input material signal and the horizontal synchronization signal frequency.
- the relationship of the NTSC standard described above is not maintained, it becomes remarkable.
- NTSC television signal materials such as terrestrial broadcast waves, satellite broadcasts, and cable television, whose time axis fluctuations can be ignored, are subjected to digital processing including YZC separation processing
- a processing method different from the method of performing digital processing including Y / C separation processing on analog NTSC analog 'television signals (signals with time axis fluctuations) is required.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has as its object to digitally process an NTSC analog television signal by sampling an integer multiple of the color subcarrier frequency. Even if it is not the frequency, the amount of the luminance component signal appearing in the separated color signal, or appearing in the separated luminance signal
- An object of the present invention is to provide a circuit and a method for YZC separation of NTSC television signals, which can reduce the amount of color component signals.
- Another aspect of the present invention is that, even when a clock signal synchronized with a horizontal synchronization signal is used, the amount of a luminance component signal appearing in a separated color signal or the amount of a luminance signal appearing in a separated luminance signal is reduced.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a circuit and a method for separating YZC of NTSC television signals, which can reduce the amount of appearing color component signals.
- another aspect of the present invention relates to a digital signal processing of an NTSC analog television signal, in which the signal material includes, for example, a horizontal signal included in the signal, such as a reproduced signal of an analog VCR or an analog VTR.
- the sync signal inputs signal material with frequency changes or time axis fluctuations and is quantized using such a clock signal synchronized with the horizontal sync signal, the YZC separated colors
- an NTSC television signal YZC separation circuit and method capable of reducing the amount of a luminance component signal appearing in a signal or the amount of a color component signal appearing in a YZC separated luminance signal. It is in. Disclosure of the invention
- a YZC separation circuit that performs Y / C separation of a composite / color / television signal receives a composite / color / television signal and outputs a sample of interest to a predetermined delay circuit.
- An extraction circuit for extracting a preceding and succeeding sample on the same line of the sample of interest, upper and lower samples located on upper and lower lines of the sample of interest, and an oblique sample positioned obliquely to the sample of interest;
- a chroma component separation calculator that outputs a chroma calculation value from the preceding and following samples, the upper and lower samples, and the diagonal sample; and a selector that inputs an output from the chroma component separation calculator and selects one of the chroma component separation calculators.
- the composite color television signal passed through the delay circuit and a filter that does not pass a color component signal.
- a correlation detection unit that calculates and outputs a correlation
- a selection table that receives an output from the correlation detection unit and controls selection of the selector, based on a signal output from the selector. Performing YZC separation of the composite, color, and television signals.
- the chroma calculation from the horizontal sample to the sample of interest including the sample of interest includes 1 (1-cos ⁇ T s), where T s is the interval between samples and ⁇ is the color carrier angular frequency.
- the chroma calculation from the sample can include 1 / (1 + cos ⁇ s).
- a YZC separation circuit that inputs a composite 'color' television signal and performs YZC separation includes a composite color quantized at a frequency synchronized with the horizontal scanning frequency.
- a television signal is input, and two 1-scan line period delay circuits and multiple delay circuits are used to delay the sample of interest by one line with respect to the input line.
- Chroma calculation value including the calculation of the slope from the sample of, the chroma component separation calculation unit that outputs the four chroma calculation values of, and the four outputs from the chroma component separation calculation unit are input, and one of them is input.
- a correlation detection unit that calculates and outputs correlations in each of the horizontal and two oblique directions, and a selection table that receives four outputs from the correlation detection unit and controls selection of the selector. And performing YZC separation of the input signal based on the signal output from the selector.
- the frequency phase-synchronized with the horizontal scanning frequency is a frequency different from a frequency which is an integral multiple of the color subcarrier frequency.
- the chroma calculation from the horizontal sample to the sample of interest including the sample of interest includes 1 (1-1 cosc T s), where T s is the interval between samples and ⁇ is the color carrier angular frequency.
- the chroma calculation from can include 1 (1 + cos ⁇ ⁇ s).
- the YZC separation circuit receives the analog television signal quantized by a clock signal that is phase-synchronized with the horizontal synchronization signal, and separates the analog television signal into a luminance component signal and a chroma component signal.
- the YZC separation circuit wherein, among the quantized quantized samples, arithmetic processing is performed using: a sample of interest; and a sample representing a pixel in the vicinity of a pixel represented by the sample of interest.
- YZC separating means for separating the chroma component and the luminance component contained in the clock signal, and a value corresponding to a phase rotation angle of a color subcarrier signal contained in the quantized television signal per one cycle of the clock signal.
- a phase rotation angle detection means for outputting a signal representing the rotation angle.
- the arithmetic processing in the YZC separation unit is executed based on a signal from the phase rotation angle detection unit.
- the phase rotation angle detection means sets the angular velocity per unit time of the color subcarrier frequency signal to ⁇ , and when the cycle of the clock signal is T s, ⁇ s s obtained by multiplying ⁇ by T s Outputs the value corresponding to the value.
- This co T s can be a value from which c os ( ⁇ ⁇ s) can be calculated from its own value.
- the phase rotation angle detecting means has a frequency according to the clock signal.
- a frequency signal generating means for outputting a signal; and a PLL for controlling an output signal of the frequency signal generating means to be synchronized with a color subcarrier frequency signal of the quantized television signal.
- the YZC separation means inputs the quantized composite color television signal, and uses at least one delay unit for one scan line period or two scan line periods and a plurality of clock delay units.
- the sample of interest one or two lines behind the input line, the samples before and after on the same line, the vertical direction of the sample of interest located on the line above and below the sample of interest, and Extracting means for extracting each of the samples located in the oblique direction and the sample of interest, and means for extracting a chroma component at the position of the sample of interest using each sample extracted by the extracting means, wherein the vertical component including the sample of interest is included.
- Chroma component calculated using the sample in the horizontal direction, calculated using the horizontal sample including the sample of interest A chroma component separation calculating means for outputting a chroma component calculated value of a horizontal chroma component and a diagonal chroma component calculated value including a tilt calculation using a sample in a diagonal direction; and the chroma component Selecting means for receiving an output from the separation calculating means and outputting any one of the inputs; the quantized television signal passed through a filter that does not pass a color component signal; and at least one scanning line
- a second sample value corresponding to each of the samples is extracted by using a delay unit for a period or two scan lines and a plurality of delay units, and the vertical and vertical values of the extracted second sample value are extracted.
- a correlation detecting means for calculating and outputting the correlation in each of the horizontal and two oblique directions; and a selection table for inputting an output from the correlation detecting means and controlling selection of the selector. It may comprise Le and, a.
- the calculation of the horizontal chromatic component component using the horizontal samples including the sample of interest is performed by using T s between samples and ⁇ as the angular frequency of the color subcarrier.
- the calculation of the diagonal chroma component calculation value using the diagonal sample including the sample of interest may include 1 / (1 + cos coTs).
- the digital video processing device inputs an analog television signal quantized by a clock signal that is phase-synchronized with a horizontal synchronization signal, and converts the analog television signal into a luminance component signal and a chroma component signal.
- a digital / video processing apparatus for separating, using a quantized quantized sample, a sample of interest, and a sample representing a pixel in the vicinity of a pixel represented by the sample of interest, and performing arithmetic processing using: YZC separating means for separating the chroma component and the luminance component included in the analog television signal, and the phase rotation angle of the color subcarrier signal included in the quantized television signal per one cycle of the clock signal And a phase rotation angle detecting means for outputting a signal representing a value corresponding to.
- the arithmetic processing in the YZC separation unit is executed based on a signal from the phase rotation angle detection unit.
- the phase rotation angle detection means when the angular velocity per unit time of the color subcarrier frequency signal is ⁇ , and the cycle of the clock signal is T s, the value of c Ts obtained by multiplying ⁇ and Ts is Output the corresponding value, and this coTs can be a value from which cos (o> Ts) can be calculated from its own value.
- the phase rotation angle detecting means includes: a frequency signal generating means for outputting a frequency signal according to the clock signal; and an output signal of the frequency signal generating means, wherein the color subcarrier frequency of the quantized television signal is It may include means for outputting a value corresponding to the value of c Ts using a PLL controlling to synchronize with a signal and a control data in the frequency signal generating means.
- the YZC separating means inputs the composite color and the television signal quantized by the quantizing means, and outputs at least one scanning line period. Or, using a delay unit for two scanning lines and a plurality of clock delay units, a sample of interest delayed by one or two lines with respect to the input line, a sample before and after on the same line, Extraction means for extracting the samples located in the vertical and oblique directions of the sample of interest located on the line above and below the sample, and the sample of interest, and focusing on each sample extracted by the extraction means A means for extracting a chroma component at a sample position, which is a chroma component calculated using a vertical sample including a target sample, and a horizontal chroma component calculated using a horizontal sample including a target sample.
- Chroma component separation calculating means for outputting the calculated value of the chroma component
- input means for inputting the output from the chroma component separation calculating means
- selection means for outputting any one of the inputs, and a filter which does not pass the color component signal.
- a second sample corresponding to each sample using the quantized television signal and at least one one or two scan line period delay and a plurality of cook delays.
- a correlation detecting means for extracting values, calculating correlations of vertical, horizontal, and two diagonal directions of the extracted second sample values and outputting the calculated values, and inputting the output from the correlation detecting means.
- a selection table for controlling selection of the selector.
- a YZC separation method for performing YZC separation of a composite color television signal includes the steps of: inputting a composite color television signal quantized at a frequency synchronized with a horizontal scanning frequency; Then, with respect to the sample of interest, samples before and after on the same line and samples above, below, and diagonally of the sample of interest located above and below the line of interest are extracted, and the extracted samples are extracted.
- the frequency phase-synchronized with the horizontal scanning frequency is a frequency different from a frequency which is an integral multiple of the color subcarrier frequency.
- the chroma calculation from the horizontal sample with respect to the sample of interest including the sample of interest includes 1Z (1-c ⁇ Ts), where Ts is between samples and ⁇ is the color carrier angular frequency.
- Can include 1Z (1 + cos ⁇ s).
- the Y / C separation method comprises the steps of: inputting an analog television signal quantized by a clock signal that is phase-synchronized with a horizontal synchronization signal, and separating the input signal into a luminance component signal and a chroma component signal A signal representing a value corresponding to a phase rotation angle of a color subcarrier signal included in the quantized television signal per one cycle of the click signal.
- the phase rotation angle to be output is detected, and in the quantized quantized sample, the target sample and a sample representing a pixel in the vicinity of the pixel represented by the target sample are subjected to arithmetic processing using: A YZC separation step for separating a chroma component and a luminance component included in the television signal.
- the arithmetic processing in the YZC separation step is executed based on the value corresponding to the previous phase rotation angle output for the scan line of the sample of interest in the phase rotation angle detection step.
- phase rotation angle detecting step when an angular velocity per unit time of the color subcarrier frequency signal is ⁇ , and a cycle of the clock signal is T s, ⁇ ⁇ s obtained by multiplying ⁇ and T s It outputs a value corresponding to the value, and this co T s can be a value from which cos ( ⁇ ⁇ s) can be calculated from its own value.
- the quantized composite color-television signal is input, and the delay of one scan line period or the delay of two scan line periods is repeated, and the Samples before and after on the same line with respect to the sample of interest delayed by one or two lines, and samples located in the vertical and oblique directions of the sample of interest located on the line above and below the sample of interest
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which a quantized NTSC television signal is input and the entire circuit or device for performing YZC separation is illustrated.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a positional relationship on the screen of the quantized sample shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3A shows a block diagram for generating a color subcarrier signal synchronized with the color burst signal included in the input signal
- FIG. 3B shows a quantization bit sequence of the color subcarrier signal of FIG. 3A
- FIG. 8 is a diagram exemplifying a block for extracting data corresponding to (o XT s) corresponding to the phase rotation angle of a color burst signal per clock cycle from a drive signal for driving a ROM table for generating a clock signal;
- FIG. 4 shows the correlation detector shown in Fig. 1 and the chroma component separation calculator that calculates and extracts the chroma (color) component signal by each method in more detail.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a case where coefficients required for calculation are detected from a line including a pixel of interest, and coefficients required for calculation are calculated and executed, instead of using fixed constants in which coefficients required for calculation are set in advance.
- Fig. 5 is the same as the diagram shown in Fig. 4 except that only the clock period T s of the line containing the pixel of interest is detected, and the value of ⁇ as a fixed constant is used to calculate the coefficients required for the calculation. It is a figure which illustrates the case where it calculates and performs.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram exemplifying a block in a case where the angular velocity ⁇ of the color burst signal as the fixed constant shown in FIG. 5 is obtained from a circuit that actually detects and outputs on the line of interest.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a block that includes a Y / C separation unit according to the present invention and quantizes an input signal.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a main configuration of the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 7 illustrates a main part of an analog / digital conversion apparatus to which the present invention is applied, which inputs an NTSC television signal and converts it into a digital video signal in a format conforming to ITU-R BT.601 or 656.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a main part of an analog / digital conversion apparatus to which the present invention is applied, which inputs an NTSC television signal and converts it into a digital video signal in a format conforming to ITU-R BT.601 or 656.
- reference numerals 711 and 712 denote A / D converters (quantizers) that receive a composite video signal 701 or a luminance signal 701 and a chrominance signal 702 as such analog signals and convert them into digital signals. Vessel). In the case of a normal composite television signal, it is digitized only by the AZD converter 101 and separated into a luminance signal and a chrominance signal by a Y / C separation section 715 in the next stage.
- the luminance component signal 701 is subjected to AZD conversion (quantization) by the AZD converter 711, and the color signal component signal 702 is subjected to AZD conversion (quantization) by the AZD converter 712.
- the output of the AZD converter 712 and the color signal separated from the YZC separation unit are switched by a switch 716 controlled in conjunction with an input signal switch (not shown) and sent to a color demodulation processing unit (not shown).
- the AZD converter 711 performs AZD conversion on the range of the video component and the synchronization component of the input signal.
- the clock generators (shown by 713 and 714) that generate the system clock for digital processing use the A / D converter as shown in the figure.
- Synchronization separation unit 713 that receives the synchronization component signal from 101 and performs synchronization separation, and receives the H-SYNC component signal from synchronization separation unit 713 and generates a clock signal with a frequency 1716 times this signal frequency
- a PLLOSC unit 714 The clock signal from the PLL OSC unit 714 is sent to the A / D converters 101 and 102 and to each processing unit including the YZC separation unit 715.
- each processing unit has a The clock is sent at a frequency of 13.5 MHz, which is 1/2 of the 27 MHz that is obtained (858 times the frequency of H—SYNC).
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a Y / C separation circuit for inputting a quantized NTSC television signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- This figure shows the configuration of an adaptive YZC separation circuit that inputs an NTS C television signal quantized by a signal and outputs C and Y output signals (1 13, 1 14).
- the clock signal of the circuit here has a sampling frequency of 13.5 MHz for the luminance signal in the “4: 2: 2 digital 'component television signal” standard of ITU-R BT.601 described above. The description will be made assuming that the clock signal is generated in synchronization with the horizontal synchronization signal of the signal.
- the present invention is not limited to a sampling frequency of 13.5 MHz, and is specifically applicable to frequencies other than a clock frequency that is twice the color subcarrier frequency.
- reference numerals 101 and 102 denote delay circuits that delay one scanning line period (denoted as 1 H)
- reference numerals 103 to 105 denote low-pass filters that do not pass color signal components
- reference numeral 106 denotes a correlation detection unit
- reference numeral 107 is a selection table for inputting each correlation calculation result from the correlation detection unit and executing selector switching control described later
- 108 is a chroma component separation calculation for calculating and extracting a chroma (color) component signal by each method.
- the symbol 110 is a bandpass filter that passes the color subcarrier frequency component
- the symbol 111 is to delay the phase of the video (composite video) signal with respect to the separated chroma signal so as to match the time.
- 112 is a subtractor.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the arrangement of quantized samples as pixels in an NTSC C television signal.
- the line n-1 in the figure corresponds to the line n-2 of the PAL television signal
- the line n-2 in the figure corresponds to n_4 of the PAL television signal.
- a sample S5 located at the center is set as a sample of interest, and a correlation detection unit 106 performs correlation detection on the sample of interest, and a chroma component separation calculation unit performs extraction of a chroma component. .
- the delayed quantized sample value is simply sent to the chroma component separation calculator 108 for Y / C separation, and the color component is removed through the LPF to the correlation detector 106.
- Quantized samples are supplied.
- the quantized samples (of the blocks denoted by reference numerals 106 and 108) are phase-matched using a delay circuit so that they correspond to the same sample on the screen. That is, the sample S1 and the sample T1 represent the same sample on the screen, and the relationship between S2 to S9 and T2 to T9 is the same.
- the chroma component separation calculator 108 for Y / C separation performs the following calculation to extract the chroma component C (t).
- S1 to S9 are the respective quantized values having the above-described relationship with the quantized sample value S5 as the pixel of interest.
- ⁇ is the color subcarrier angular frequency
- Ts is the sample period.
- oTs represents ⁇ s obtained by multiplying ⁇ by Ts
- cos coT s represents cos ( ⁇ Ts) in a simplified manner.
- the value of ⁇ s represents the phase rotation angle of the color sub-carrier signal in the clock cycle.
- the correlation detection unit 106 the following calculation is performed on each sample value ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 9 from which the color component signal has been removed through the one-pass filter.
- abs 0 is a function representing the absolute value of the calculation result in parentheses.
- T28 represents the calculation result in the vertical direction including the sample T2 and the sample T8.
- the calculation results are shown, including samples of each order.
- Equation 5 The results of each of the above four equations are compared with each other to determine the difference in correlation in each direction. For example, if ⁇ 28 in Equation 5 is the minimum value, it is determined that the vertical correlation is the strongest. In this case, for example, the selector 109 is controlled so as to select the chroma component signal extraction value using the pixel in the vertical direction according to Equation 1 described above.
- the selection table 107 has a total of six calculation results of the four expressions of Expressions 5 to 8 described above. Are compared, the direction of the strong correlation of the luminance signal is determined from the result, and a signal for selecting the chroma component signal extraction value using the sample value in the direction of the strong correlation is output. This allows Y / C separation according to the correlation state of the input signal. This method works particularly well when the brightness correlation and the color correlation match.
- the calculation results of the four expressions of Expressions 5 to 8 are output to the selection table, and the selector 109 is controlled by the output of the selection table 107. I have.
- this selection tape 107 the discrimination of six kinds of comparison results of these four values is executed.
- the selection table 107 receives the above four calculation result values and extracts the chroma component signals of the horizontal, vertical, diagonal 1 and diagonal 2 input to the selector 109. Control to select and output one of them.
- the output of the selector 109 is input to the band-pass filter 110, which extracts only the color subcarrier frequency component and outputs it as a chroma signal 113.
- the signal of the scanning line having the target pixel S5 that is, the input signal is extracted from the output of the 1H delay circuit 101, and the delay circuit (delay 1) 1 for achieving phase matching with the chroma signal 113 is used. Via 1 1 it is added to the subtractor 1 1 2.
- the above-mentioned chroma signal 113 is also added to the subtractor, and the chroma signal 113 is subtracted from the output signal of the delay circuit 111 in this subtractor.
- a signal from which the chroma component has been removed that is, a luminance signal 114 is obtained at the output of the subtractor.
- the setting of the selection table 107 is determined experimentally, and YZ The table contents are finally set to have the C separation function.
- the LPF shown in FIG. 1 may be a notch fill filter as long as it can output a luminance signal by removing a color signal.
- the configuration described above is the configuration of the YZC separation circuit.
- the input signal includes, for example, a horizontal and vertical synchronization signal
- the frequency of the chrominance subcarrier signal is accurate according to the standard. Assuming that only such a signal is input, the color subcarrier angular frequency ⁇ and the sample interval T s used for calculation in the above-described chroma component separation calculator can be fixed constants.
- This error increases the amount of the luminance component signal appearing in the YZC separated color component signal, or the amount of the color component signal appearing in the YZC separated luminance signal. To avoid such undesired increases, it is necessary to reduce the aforementioned errors as much as possible. In order to reduce such errors, it is necessary to detect, from the input signal, a value at which each normalization coefficient can be calculated, that is, ⁇ ⁇ s.
- chroma component separation calculator 108 will be described in more detail.
- the sampling having a frequency of 13.5 MHz described above and synchronized with the horizontal synchronization signal in the input television signal is performed.
- a digital PLL phase-locked loop
- the PLL operates with the sampling clock signal described above.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating a part of a block for performing color demodulation by inputting a quantized color signal, for example.
- This block includes a multiplier 301/302, an LPF 303/3304, a phase difference detection and filter unit 305, a DTO (digital time oscillator) unit 306, and a sin / cos table 307.
- the LPF 303 and 304 can obtain the RY signal and the BY signal, respectively.
- This color demodulation system is a digital system that realizes a system called X demodulation and Z demodulation.
- the sinZc 0 s table 307 is a ROM having a 10-bit address input, and if the address is incremented from 0 to 1023 in sequence, the values of the output SIN and COS signals will be sin
- the value obtained by quantizing one cycle of the waveform and the cos waveform at the timing of 1024 equal divisions is output sequentially.
- an address change of 1 corresponds to a change of (360Z1024) degrees (2 ⁇ 1024 radians) when one cycle of data is stored from address 0 to address 1023.
- the average value of the change in the address value is 271.515.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit that receives the output value of the DTO that changes as described above and obtains a change in the rotation angle of the subcarrier for each clock cycle, that is, a phase rotation angle detection unit.
- Data output from the DTO is stored in register 311 for each clock. Therefore, the latest DTO output A is obtained at the register 311 input, and the previous output value B is obtained at the register 311 output.
- the comparator 312 and the adder 313 calculate A ⁇ B in the difference calculation circuit 314, and are circuits for preventing the calculation result of A ⁇ B from becoming a negative value.
- the comparator compares the magnitudes of the two input values, and if the value from the input of register 311 is less than the value from the output of register 311, the comparator provides 3 Output 1024 if, otherwise output 0.
- the difference obtained as described above represents the phase rotation angle of the color subcarrier signal per clock cycle. If the unit is expressed in radians, the rotation angle can be expressed as (271/1024) X 27C (radian) in the above example. In other words, if the angular frequency of the chrominance subcarrier signal of the input signal is ⁇ and the clock cycle is Ts, a value equivalent to Ts is obtained at the output (A ⁇ B) of the difference calculation circuit. Can be. Moreover, this value is a value from which the value of cos ⁇ s can be derived.
- the block 1084 shown in FIG. 4 has a configuration as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B described above, and has a phase rotation angle of a color subcarrier signal per clock cycle on a scanning line including a target sample, that is, a coTs value. Output the value.
- the chroma component separation calculator 108 in FIG. 4 includes a block 1084 for inputting the data of the scan line of the sample of interest.
- this block 1084 for example, the above-described circuit or method uses ⁇ s is detected, and the value of ⁇ s obtained by this detection is input to the block 1085.
- the respective normalization coefficients in Equations 1 to 4 described above are calculated from the input coTs value.
- the values of 858, 859, and 857 indicate the case of handling a NTSC television signal and a case of a clock having a frequency of 858 times the horizontal synchronization frequency.
- these numbers are 1728, 1729, and 1727, respectively. You. These numbers indicate that each inter-sample distance used for each calculation is represented by the number of clocks indicated by the number. Since the phase rotation is ⁇ T s per clock, it is expressed as shown in the above equation.
- the detected ⁇ s is simply multiplied by an integer. This is based on the assumption that the change of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ s for each scan line is gradual. The conversion from the detected value of ⁇ s to these normalization coefficients can be performed in the form of a table.
- the separation calculation unit 1082 executes the following calculation among the calculations shown in Expressions 1 to 4.
- the horizontal calculation result equation 14 is multiplied by the normalization coefficient 1 (1-cos 858 coTs) input from the normalization coefficient calculation unit.
- the calculation result (Equation 15) in the oblique direction 1 is multiplied by the normalization coefficient 1Z (1-cos 859coTs) input from the normalization coefficient calculation unit.
- the calculation result (Equation 16) in the oblique direction 2 is multiplied by the normalization coefficient 1 (1-c0s857wTs) input from the normalization coefficient calculation unit, and Complete the calculation.
- the chroma component separation calculation unit 108 having the configuration of FIG. 4 described above can reproduce, for example, a VHS standard VCR even if the input signal cannot use a fixed constant as the value of ⁇ T s. Even when a signal is input, YZC separation can be performed with higher accuracy than when a fixed constant is used.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, in which there is a variation in the clock cycle T s despite the fact that the variation in the color subcarrier frequency included in the input signal is negligible.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration in which only the cycle T s of a clock signal is detected and the above-described chroma component separation calculation is executed.
- Block 1086 uses a clock signal from, for example, a crystal oscillator that oscillates at a fixed frequency and synchronizes with the clock signal using a circuit as shown in Figure 3A and Figure 3B.
- a value corresponding to the clock period Ts obtained by generating the clock signal can be output.
- the data of the angular frequency ⁇ of the color subcarrier signal included in the input signal is input as a fixed constant, and this ⁇ and the Ts input from the block 106 The value is used to output the normalization coefficient described above.
- the chroma component separation calculation unit 108 having the configuration shown in FIG. 5, even if the input signal cannot use a fixed constant as the value of c T s, the color subcarrier signal of the input signal It works effectively when the fluctuation of the angular frequency ⁇ is negligible and only the fluctuation of the clock cycle T s occurs.
- YZC separation can be performed with higher accuracy than by using a fixed constant by detecting the clock cycle Ts and reflecting it in the chroma component separation calculation. In other words, it is possible to reduce the amount of the luminance component signal appearing in the separated color signal (chroma signal) or the amount of the color (chroma) component signal appearing in the separated luminance signal.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment, in which the angular frequency ⁇ of the color subcarrier signal in the input signal is detected, and the cycle Ts of the clock signal is individually detected, and the above-described chroma separation is performed.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration for executing calculation.
- a block 1088 is added to the configuration of FIG. In this block 1088, the angular frequency ⁇ of the color subcarrier signal included in the signal is detected.
- the detected value of ⁇ is input to block 1087, and block 1087 uses the input ⁇ and T s to perform the chroma separation described above.
- the normalization coefficient in the calculation is calculated and sent to the normalization multiplier 1083.
- the features of the chroma component separation calculation unit 108 having the configuration in FIG. 6 are the same as those in FIG.
- the detection of T s in FIG. 5, or the detection of ⁇ and T s in FIG. 6 input the data of the line of the pixel of interest and obtain the detection output.
- a circuit as shown in FIG. 3A exists before the signal line input to the chroma component separation calculation unit 108 in the signal path than the circuit that receives the signal of the illustrated signal line.
- these detection circuits (for example, symbols 108, 108, 108) are attached to the circuit, and the output data of the detection circuit is delayed, so that the Obviously, it may be possible to match the time of the scanning line of the sample.
- the above-described detection of co T s that is, the phase rotation angle detection means of the color subcarrier signal included in the quantized television signal per one cycle of the clock signal, and the YZC separation means are supposed to be placed in a block apart.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a main configuration of the present invention including the case described above.
- reference numeral 8001 denotes a quantizing means, which inputs an analog composite composite color television signal, performs quantization with a clock synchronized with a horizontal synchronization signal included in the signal, and performs quantization. Outputs the composite, empty, and television signals. This quantization is performed for the range including the video part, the color burst part, and the synchronization part of the input signal.
- Reference numeral 8002 denotes a phase rotation angle detecting means, which is a phase rotation angle (co T s) per one cycle of the quantization clock of the color subcarrier signal included in the quantized composite color television signal. ) Is detected and output.
- Reference numeral 803 denotes YZC separation means, which inputs quantized composite, color, and television signals, performs various processing including calculations for YZC separation, and outputs Y and C signals. I do.
- various calculations for YZC separation are executed based on the detection output value from the phase rotation angle detection means.
- FIG. 8 is for explaining the gist of the present invention, and its purpose is to show the relationship between the phase rotation angle detecting means and the Y / C separating means.
- a block of the phase rotation angle detection unit is provided with a conversion unit to cos ⁇ T s and the value of c 0 s ⁇ ⁇ s is sent to the YZC separation unit.
- each of the above-described normalization coefficients is separated from the YZC separation unit, and is arranged on the phase rotation angle detection unit side.
- the detection point in the phase rotation angle detection means and the point of the sample of interest executed for YZC separation indicate the same scan line, or the former indicates the scan line immediately after the line including the latter. It is only what is required in the calculations.
- the configuration for performing the YZC separation described above is based on the following assumptions.
- the sampling clock signal is generated in synchronization with the horizontal synchronizing signal. That is, since the oscillation frequency of the PLL is changed after the appearance of the horizontal synchronizing signal, it is necessary to focus on one scan line for YZC separation. It is assumed that the value is constant between each sample. Therefore, it can be assumed that the phase rotation angle ⁇ s per clock does not change within one scanning line. Also, the change between the scanning lines before and after (one line or two lines above, or one line or two lines below) adjacent to the scanning line of interest is assumed to be gradual from the PLL operating characteristics. I have.
- a VCR playback output is assumed as an input signal that can be input and processed (including YZC separation processing).
- the variation of the chrominance subcarrier frequency is in the range up to ⁇ 70 ppm in the actual measurement, while the variation between the horizontal synchronizing signals varies in the range up to 150 ppm.
- the configuration shown in Fig. 4 is best, but the configuration shown in Fig. 5 is also effective. In this case, it is impossible to cancel the variation in ⁇ , but since the operation can be performed to cancel the variation in T s, the accuracy of the Y / C separation can be improved accordingly.
- the present invention has been described above with reference to the NTSC television signal as an example. However, by setting the delay amount of reference numerals 101 and 102 in the figure to the delay amount of two lines, the television signal of the PAL standard can be obtained. Can be processed. Industrial applicability
- each chroma component extraction value using pixels in the vertical, horizontal, and diagonal directions of the input signal is selected, so if the correlation of the luminance component and the correlation of the color component match, Effective YZC separation can be performed effectively.
- the phase rotation angle per clock cycle is detected for the color subcarrier frequency included in the input signal, and the detected value is used for calculation for extracting the chroma component.
- the circumference of the color subcarrier frequency signal Variations in wave numbers can be tolerated.
- the present invention is applicable to an apparatus for processing a television input signal conforming to a standard because of this feature,
- the present invention can be effectively applied to a device that processes a television signal whose time axis fluctuates, such as a VCR reproduction output signal.
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Priority Applications (5)
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JP2002560395A JP3825751B2 (ja) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Y/c分離回路および方法 |
EP02716358A EP1355501B1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Y/c separator and y/c separating method |
US10/470,018 US7110045B2 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Y/C separator and Y/C separating method |
DE60233383T DE60233383D1 (de) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Trennstufe fuer y/c signale und sein verfahren |
KR1020037009761A KR100540729B1 (ko) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Y/c 분리 회로 및 y/c 분리 방법 |
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JP2001016284 | 2001-01-24 | ||
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WO2002060188A1 true WO2002060188A1 (fr) | 2002-08-01 |
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PCT/JP2002/000503 WO2002060188A1 (fr) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-01-24 | Procede et circuit de separations de signaux y-c |
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US (1) | US7110045B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1355501B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3825751B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100540729B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60233383D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002060188A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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WO2004114680A1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2004-12-29 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Luminance and color separation |
WO2004114679A1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2004-12-29 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Luminance and color separation |
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CN1297152C (zh) * | 2002-12-06 | 2007-01-24 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 图像信号处理装置及图像信号处理方法 |
KR100692596B1 (ko) * | 2004-05-06 | 2007-03-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 수신 성능이 향상된 디지털 방송 송수신 시스템 및 그의신호처리방법 |
JP2006033739A (ja) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-02-02 | Toshiba Corp | 電子機器、映像データ受信方法および映像データ受信装置 |
JP2006121132A (ja) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-05-11 | Nec Electronics Corp | Y/c分離回路及びy/c分離方法 |
TWI248767B (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2006-02-01 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp | Method and apparatus for Y/C separation |
US7345710B2 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2008-03-18 | Mediatek Inc. | Systems and methods for processing composite television signals |
JP4274161B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-11 | 2009-06-03 | ソニー株式会社 | 撮像システム |
TWI280062B (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-04-21 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp | Signal separation apparatus applied in image transmission system and related method |
KR100761835B1 (ko) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-09-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 색차신호의 노이즈를 감소시키는 비디오 디코더 |
TWI347118B (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2011-08-11 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp | Image processing device and method |
TWI339527B (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2011-03-21 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp | Method and apparatus for enhancing image quality |
TWI338516B (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2011-03-01 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp | Video processing system and related video processing method |
JP2008175845A (ja) * | 2007-01-16 | 2008-07-31 | Fujitsu Ten Ltd | 表示制御装置及び表示装置 |
US8698960B2 (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2014-04-15 | Mediatek Inc. | Decoder and method for separating luminance and chrominance information from a composite video signal |
KR101012755B1 (ko) * | 2010-06-11 | 2011-02-08 | 주식회사 파나시아 | 수밀기능을 가진 자외선 살균장치 |
CN102446500B (zh) * | 2010-10-04 | 2014-03-05 | 宏碁股份有限公司 | 图像显示方法以及图像显示系统 |
CN104038750B (zh) * | 2013-03-08 | 2015-12-23 | 浙江大华技术股份有限公司 | 基于色度信号的串色抑制和yc分离方法、装置及系统 |
JP2017006424A (ja) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-01-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | 画像生成装置及び画像生成方法 |
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- 2002-01-24 DE DE60233383T patent/DE60233383D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-24 EP EP02716358A patent/EP1355501B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-24 WO PCT/JP2002/000503 patent/WO2002060188A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 2002-01-24 US US10/470,018 patent/US7110045B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-01-24 KR KR1020037009761A patent/KR100540729B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-01-24 JP JP2002560395A patent/JP3825751B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPH04340891A (ja) * | 1991-05-17 | 1992-11-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 輝度信号色信号分離フィルタ |
JPH05115073A (ja) * | 1991-10-22 | 1993-05-07 | Toshiba Corp | 適応制御y/c分離回路 |
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WO2004114679A1 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2004-12-29 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Luminance and color separation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1355501A4 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
EP1355501B1 (en) | 2009-08-19 |
EP1355501A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
JP3825751B2 (ja) | 2006-09-27 |
US20040119892A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
US7110045B2 (en) | 2006-09-19 |
JPWO2002060188A1 (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
KR100540729B1 (ko) | 2006-01-12 |
KR20030076626A (ko) | 2003-09-26 |
DE60233383D1 (de) | 2009-10-01 |
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