Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
  • F01D25/243—Flange connections; Bolting arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
  • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
  • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
  • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
  • F16M7/00—Details of attaching or adjusting engine beds, frames, or supporting-legs on foundation or base; Attaching non-moving engine parts, e.g. cylinder blocks
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2220/00—Application
  • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
  • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
  • F05D2230/64—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins
  • F05D2230/642—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centring, e.g. pins using maintaining alignment while permitting differential dilatation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
  • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
  • F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for fastening turbochargers on a base according to the features of the preamble of patent claim 1.
• Turbochargers for special applications usually only have a specific position for the gas outlet housing, for example vertically upwards in locomotives.
• a fastening foot connected in one piece to the gas outlet housing is much cheaper in terms of manufacture and assembly than a separate fastening foot.
• molded gas outlet housings in which there are practically no thermal expansion differences between the base and the housing there are no problems with the molded mounting foot.
• An example of such a mounting foot molded onto a cooled gas outlet housing can be found in the article "New Turbochargers for Medium and Larger Engines", Diesel and Gas Turbine Progress, p. 36 f, December 1968.
• turbochargers Since the manufacture and operation of turbochargers also include cooled gas outlet housing compared to turbochargers with uncooled gas outlet housing is more complex and expensive, a way is sought to take advantage of both the advantages of turbochargers with molded mounting foot and the advantages of turbochargers with uncooled gas outlet housing.
• a fastening foot integrally molded onto a gas outlet housing has elongated holes spaced apart from one another, the longitudinal axes of which meet in a star shape in a center. Sliding shoes can be inserted into the elongated holes and hold fastening elements such as screws in their through openings. The screws are used to attach the gas outlet housing to the Turbocharger molded mounting foot and thus the turbocharger releasably attached to the surface.
• the heating material can expand up to several millimeters.
• the star-shaped arrangement of the longitudinal axes of the elongated holes allows an optimal relative movement.
• the common center of the longitudinal axes of the elongated holes is advantageously below one axis of the turbocharger with regard to stability and stability.
• the elongated holes are open towards the periphery of the fastening foot, the relative movement of the sliding block in the elongated hole is less limited and unusually large expansions are absorbed by the fastening device without bending the screws.
• the machining of the fastening foot is easier and the sliding shoes are easier to assemble.
• n of elongated holes is advantageously n> 3. This has a favorable effect on the stability. With 4 oblong holes, it is very cheap the star-shaped longitudinal Align the axes of the elongated holes at right angles to each other. This enables favorable relative movements and good stability.
• the design of the slide shoes with a T-shaped cross-section with one foot and two arms best meets the requirements for the slide shoe.
• the foot of the T-shaped cross section fills the width of the slot with play. Its length is advantageously greater than its foot width for better guidance in the slot.
• the arms of the T-shaped shoe protrude beyond the edges of the elongated hole on the side of the fastening foot facing away from the ground, which has a favorable effect on the guidance of the sliding shoe in the elongated hole, but at the same time also for very good force transmission of the clamping force of the fastening element to the fastening foot and Underground cares.
• a fastener e.g. If a screw or a bolt with a large head is used, the arms of the T-shaped cross-section also act like a washer and prevent the screw head and the mounting foot from sliding against one another during relative movement.
• the length of the slide shoe base must understandably be less than the length of the elongated hole, so that there is enough space for the relative movement of the slide shoe in the elongated hole.
• it can be favorable for better guidance of the sliding shoe if the sliding shoe foot is approximately the same length or even longer than the elongated hole.
• the foot height of the slide shoe foot should correspond approximately to the hole height of the elongated hole. This helps to prevent the slide shoe from tilting in the slot and enables the screw to be guided well.
• the ratio of the total height of the slide shoe to its length should be greater than 1 in order to prevent the slide shoe from tipping over and thus bending stresses on the screw.
• the arms of the T-shaped slide shoe are advantageously designed to be elastic so that the clamping forces and the sliding forces can be absorbed well.
• FIGS. 1a) to 1e in different views, a gas outlet housing of a turbocharger with an integrally molded fastening foot corresponding to the fastening device according to the invention
• 2b) to 6b) each have a cross-section of a slide shoe inserted into an elongated hole with a fastening screw.
• FIGS. 1a) to 1e) show a gas outlet housing 10 of a turbocharger with an integrally formed fastening foot 12 according to the fastening device 14 according to the invention.
• the fastening foot 12 has four elongated holes 16 which are open towards the periphery 18 of the fastening foot 12.
• the elongated holes 16 are aligned with one another with their longitudinal axes 20 in a star shape.
• the longitudinal axes 20 have a common center 22, which is located under an axis 24 of the turbocharger (cf. FIG. 1c).
• the size of the fastening foot 12, the number n of the elongated holes 16 and the angle ⁇ , ⁇ 'between the longitudinal axes 20 are matched to the clamping force and the weight and the special design of the turbocharger. So here the angle ⁇ or ⁇ 'between the four elongated holes deviates from the generally very favorable angle of 90 °.
• the periphery 18 of the mounting foot and thus in this example also the position of the elongated holes 16 with respect to the gas outlet housing 10 is selected such that the elongated holes 16 are easily accessible for assembly or disassembly of the turbocharger.
• one of the elongated holes 16 is shown by way of example with a sliding block 26 and a screw 30 inserted into the opening 28 provided for this purpose in the sliding block 26.
• the dimensions of the elongated holes 16 and the sliding shoes 26 are matched to the clamping length and the weight and design of the turbocharger.
• the length I of the slide shoe in this example corresponds approximately to the length L of the elongated hole.
• the glide shoes are made of tempering steel, are surface-hardened or have a wear-resistant coating such as AFC or the like. Mistake.
• FIGS. 3a) and 3b) also show a part of the base 36 on which the turbocharger is fastened by means of the fastening device 14 via the gas outlet housing.
• that part of the fastening foot 12 is also shown which delimits the elongated hole 16 in its length L.
• the substantially T-shaped cross-section of the slide shoe 26 can be seen very well, while in the longitudinal sectional view designated in each case a) the slide shoe 26 appears as a cuboid block.
• each slide shoe 26 has a foot 32 and two arms 34 that are clearly visible.
• the arms 32 project laterally from the base 36 from the edges 17 of the elongated hole 16.
• the arms 34 On their side facing away from the base 36, the arms 34 have a plateau 40 which extends along the central longitudinal axis of the slide shoe 26 and connects the two arms 34 to one another.
• the plateau 40 serves as a support for the head 41 of a fastening element 30, in the examples 2a) to 6b) shown for a screw head 41 '.
• the foot width b of the foot 32 of the slide shoe 26 is dimensioned such that the foot 32 fills the width B of the slot 16 with play.
• the foot length I of the foot 32 which generally corresponds to the entire length I of the slide shoe, is greater than its foot width b.
• the foot height hi corresponds essentially to the hole height H of the elongated hole 16.
• the ratio of length I to the total height h 2 of the slide shoe is greater than 1 (l / h 2 > 1). In this way, tilting of the slide shoe 26 in the elongated hole 16 and bending stress on the screw 30 'are avoided.
• the slide shoe is T-shaped in longitudinal section as in cross section, so that the length I of the slide shoe 26 would then be greater than a foot length I '.
• the embodiments of sliding shoes 26 shown in FIGS. 2a) to 6b) differ essentially in the design of the arms 34. In FIGS. 2a), 2b) there is a very simple sliding shoe 26 with a relatively stiff, rectangular cross-section, Poor 34 pictured.
• the arms 34 of the sliding shoe shown in FIGS. 3a), 3b) have cutouts 38 on their side facing the base 36. These recesses 38 allow elastic yielding in the direction of the height h ⁇ h 2 , as a result of which the arms 34 are always arranged on the fastening foot 12 with a slight prestress.
• the sliding shoe 26 shown in FIGS. 4a), 4b) has a recess 38 'in the transition region between the arms 34 and the foot 32. Starting from the plateau 40, the arms 34 taper towards the outside and have a bevel 42 on their side facing away from the base 36.
• the groove-shaped recess 38 'in the foot 32 and the arms 34 tapering towards the outside increase the flexibility of the arms 34 and enable better optimization of the arms 34 with regard to tension and rigidity.
• the arms 34 of the slide shoe 26 shown in FIGS. 5a), 5b) have recesses 44 which are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction from the outside to the plateau 40 and through which the arms 34 are divided into segments 46 (cf. FIG. 5a). ).
• the segments 46 are arranged at regular intervals from one another.
• the segments 46 have protrusions 48 which protrude the total height h 2 and which have a cavity 50 for greater flexibility.
• the segmentation of the arms 34 and their resilient design allow the relative movement to be absorbed primarily by elastic deflection of the arms 34, as a result of which the wear is reduced.
• Another embodiment of the sliding block is shown in FIGS. 6a), 6b).
• the slide shoe here comprises as foot 32 an essentially cuboid plug-in body 52 and a separate clamping disk 54 which is elastic in the direction of the height hi, h 2 and which forms the arms 34 and the plateau 40. Holes 56, 56 'are provided in the tensioning disk 54 and the plug body 32, which together form the opening 28 for receiving the fastening element 30, 30'.
• the clamping disc 54 can be round or rectangular. In this example, it is again made from tempered steel with a corresponding surface treatment.
• the plug body 52 is made of cheap structural steel.
• a higher number n of elongated holes 16 can be advantageous for stability, although this means a higher outlay on assembly.
• the angle ⁇ , ⁇ 'between the longitudinal axes 20 and the dimensions and configuration of the elongated holes 16 and sliding shoes 26 depend on the design and weight of the turbocharger and on the clamping force to be transmitted by the fastening element 30, 30'.
• Reference numeral 54 tension washer

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Supercharger (AREA)
• Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8174828

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (24)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (43)

• 2000
  • 2000-07-26 DE DE50010566T patent/DE50010566D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-26 EP EP00810663A patent/EP1176286B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2001
  • 2001-01-20 TW TW090101394A patent/TW482879B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-07-17 AU AU2001268890A patent/AU2001268890A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-07-17 WO PCT/CH2001/000443 patent/WO2002008575A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2001-07-17 CN CNB018134270A patent/CN1316144C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-07-17 US US10/332,714 patent/US7229061B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-07-17 JP JP2002514041A patent/JP4573499B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-07-17 CZ CZ20030116A patent/CZ299617B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (5)

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