WO2001058608A1 - Compositions de dechets d'aliments secs - Google Patents

Compositions de dechets d'aliments secs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001058608A1
WO2001058608A1 PCT/JP2001/001044 JP0101044W WO0158608A1 WO 2001058608 A1 WO2001058608 A1 WO 2001058608A1 JP 0101044 W JP0101044 W JP 0101044W WO 0158608 A1 WO0158608 A1 WO 0158608A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
food waste
mixture
water
composition according
waste
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2001/001044
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Katsumi Kawasaki
Original Assignee
Sato, Masako
Kimura, Keiko
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sato, Masako, Kimura, Keiko filed Critical Sato, Masako
Publication of WO2001058608A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001058608A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/32—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from hydrolysates of wood or straw
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dry food waste composition, a method for producing the same, a feed (or feed raw material), an organic fertilizer (or an organic fertilizer raw material), and a food waste treating agent for obtaining a dry food waste composition. It is about.
  • Drying has been proposed as one method of treating food waste without incineration.
  • food waste is heated to evaporate and remove its water content to produce a dry product with a water content of 10% or less, which is easy to handle. using this method
  • # Dried food waste can be used as fertilizer and raw materials for fertilizers, and also as feed and raw materials for livestock animals such as chickens, cattle and pigs.
  • the present invention provides a dried food waste composition suitable as a feed (or a raw material for feed) and an organic fertilizer (or a raw material for an organic fertilizer) and a method for producing the same, and a food for obtaining a dried food waste composition.
  • the task is to provide a waste treatment agent.
  • the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have completed the present invention.
  • a dried food waste composition a method for producing the same, a feed (or feed raw material), an organic fertilizer (or an organic fertilizer raw material), and a food waste treating agent shown below are provided. You.
  • Dry food waste composition Q consisting of a mixture containing dry food waste and a water-absorbing material
  • Dry food characterized by mixing a water-absorbing material with food waste to form a mixture, and heating and drying the mixture to form a mixture containing the dried food waste and the water-absorbent material.
  • a method for producing a waste composition A method for producing a waste composition.
  • a feed or feedstock comprising the dried food waste composition.
  • An organic fertilizer or a raw material for an organic fertilizer comprising the dried food waste composition.
  • a treating agent to be mixed with food waste to obtain dried food waste comprising: (i) a water-absorbing material; and (ii) an antibacterial agent.
  • a treating agent to be mixed with food waste to obtain dried food waste comprising: (i) a water-absorbing material; and (ii) a mixture of a powdery antibacterial agent and a bulking agent. Dried food waste treatment agent.
  • a treating agent to be mixed with food waste to obtain dried food waste comprising: (i) a water-absorbing fibrous material; and (ii) calcium oxide and / or magnesium oxide. Dry food waste treatment agent.
  • the food waste used as the raw material to be treated in the present invention includes various types of foods discharged from various restaurants, supermarkets, convenience stores, hotels, homes, schools, fruits and vegetables markets, fishery (fish) markets, food factories, and the like. Food waste (garbage) is included.
  • the food waste include fruits and vegetables, tofu okara, moist fermented lees (soy sauce lees, beer lees, etc.), carbohydrate wastes such as fruits and vegetables market waste; fish meat, shrimp Meat, oysters, chicken, beef, pork, processed meat (ham, sausage), other meats and processed foods, protein-based waste such as fishery market waste; butter, cheese, fried food (tempura etc.) ) And other oils and fats such as oils and fats
  • a food absorbent is preliminarily mixed with a water-absorbing material (hereinafter simply referred to as a material) to form a mixture, and then the mixture is heated and dried. Then, a mixture containing dried food waste (hereinafter simply referred to as “dried matter”) and ingredients is produced.
  • a water-absorbing material hereinafter simply referred to as a material
  • a lump or finely divided mixture can be obtained depending on the type of the food waste and the mixing conditions.
  • the subdivision means a solid substance having a fine shape that is not a lump.
  • This finely divided body is produced not only by subjecting the bulk mixture to a fine division (crushing or cutting) by applying a shearing force, but also by subdividing (crushing or cutting) the food itself.
  • the shape of the finely divided mixture is related to the shape of the water-absorbing material to be used. When a cotton-like material is used as the water-absorbing material, the obtained finely divided body tends to show a cotton-like shape.
  • the resulting finely divided bodies also tend to show fibrous shapes.
  • the length of the fibrous material becomes short fibers of about 5 mm or less
  • the obtained finely divided bodies become granular.
  • the obtained finely divided body becomes a powder-granular body.
  • a water-absorbing material When a water-absorbing material is mixed with a polymer-based food mainly composed of food macromolecules such as starch and protein (at least 20%, especially at least 50%), the mixing ratio of the material is reduced to form a bulk mixture. Can be obtained. On the other hand, by increasing the mixing ratio, a finely divided mixture can be obtained. In the case of food waste with a low content of food macromolecules, usually a lump mixture is not obtained by the mixing process, but a finely divided body mixture is obtained.
  • the heating and drying can be performed using a heater, hot air, microwaves, or the like.
  • the heating temperature the temperature of the dried material after the heating is in the range of 50 to 200 ° C., preferably 80 to: L 50 ° C., more preferably 100 to 130 ° C. Temperature.
  • the drying temperature is 50% or less, preferably 30% or less, particularly 20% or less in the dried product, and the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is usually about 10%. It is.
  • heating and drying are performed in the presence of the water-absorbing material, it is sufficient to dry to a range of 10 to 30%, particularly 15 to 25%.
  • the mixing of the water-absorbing material with the food waste can be carried out using a mixing device that imparts a shearing force, for example, a device such as a cutter mixer pulverizer having a rotary blade, a mixer, or a kneader.
  • a mixing device that imparts a shearing force
  • a device such as a cutter mixer pulverizer having a rotary blade, a mixer, or a kneader.
  • Starch-based food waste is food waste containing at least 20%, and preferably 50% or more, of starch, which is a food polymer.
  • Such starch-based food wastes include wastes of various foods prepared from starch or materials containing starch, such as rice, wheat, corn, potato, and sweet potato. Specific examples thereof include food wastes containing cooked rice (lunch, rice balls, etc.) and koji (eg, dondon, soumen, chinese men, macaroni, halsame, sopa, etc.).
  • Such a starch-based food waste can be formed into a bulk mixture by subjecting it to a mixing treatment in the presence of a water-absorbing material by applying a shearing force thereto.
  • a water-absorbing material since the obtained bulk mixture is mixed with the water-absorbing material, the surface water is reduced, the surface tackiness is remarkably reduced, and the handleability is excellent, and the clumpy mixture adheres to the inner wall of the mixing device. It is virtually non-sticky to the touch. If the amount of the water-absorbing material used is small, the resulting bulk mixture may remain sticky on the surface, but in such a case, a fluidity improver to be described later is added and the surface is mixed. A clumpy mixture with reduced tackiness can be obtained.
  • the fluidity improver is preferably added after the food waste and the water-absorbent material are mixed, but can also be added together with the water-absorbent material at the start of the mixing process.
  • the apparatus for obtaining such a lump mixture may be any apparatus capable of imparting a shearing force, and various pulverizers, mixers, kneaders and the like can be used.
  • Such a device include, for example, a ball mill such as a planetary mill and a vibrating mill, as well as a pulverizing device for applying a shearing force such as a hammer mill, a cage mill, a shearing force mill, and a high-speed rotating mill such as an axial flow type mill; Horizontal axis rotary mixing equipment such as screw type, pug mill type etc .; Vertical axis rotary mixing equipment such as ribbon type, screw type, planetary type, turbine type, high speed fluid type, rotating cylinder type, Mahler type etc .; Vibration mill type mixing
  • various types of kneading apparatuses such as a ball type, a blade type, and a roll type, and in particular, a kneading apparatus having a high-speed rotary blade such as a Henschel mixer, a speed mixer, and a cutter mixer can be exemplified. According to these devices, when the food waste and the water
  • the length of the longest axis of this finely divided mixture is 30 mm or less, preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or less.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is usually about l mm.
  • a water-absorbing material When a water-absorbing material is mixed with a starch-based food waste, a small amount of the mixture results in a bulk mixture, while a large amount of the mixture results in a finely divided mixture.
  • free water contained in starch-based food waste moisture removed by drying
  • 100 parts by weight of water-absorbing material is mixed with 100 parts by weight of water-absorbing material at least 5 parts by weight, especially at least 10 parts by weight. By doing so, a finely divided mixture can be obtained.
  • the upper limit of the mixing amount is not particularly limited, but is usually about 30 parts by weight. On the other hand, when the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, a lump mixture can be obtained.
  • the lower limit is usually about 1 part by weight.
  • the above-mentioned clumpy mixed product has a remarkably reduced surface tackiness, is excellent in handling properties, and has excellent filling properties in containers and bags. Therefore, this bulk mixture can be conveyed to a mill and crushed to be a finely divided mixture or a granular mixture.
  • the lump mixture is dried, and after adjusting the water content to a hardness that is easily crushed, it may be crushed.
  • the moisture control by drying can be performed by various methods such as a natural drying method, a heat drying method, and a reduced pressure drying method.
  • the moisture content of the bulk mixture is adjusted by drying so that the water content of the bulk mixture is 50% or less, preferably 30%, and more preferably 20% or less.
  • the crushing device various types of conventionally known crushing devices can be used, and preferably, a device having a high-speed rotary blade can be used.
  • the protein-based food waste is a food waste containing at least 20%, preferably 50% or more of protein, which is a food macromolecule, such as fresh fish and seafood waste, meat waste, Includes processed fish and seafood waste, fish market (fish market) waste, fish shop waste, butcher shop waste, etc.
  • Such a protein-based waste can be formed into a massive mixture by subjecting it to a mixing treatment by applying a shearing force thereto in the presence of a water-absorbing material.
  • a water-absorbing material since the obtained bulk mixture is mixed with the water-absorbing material, the surface water is reduced, the surface tackiness is extremely reduced, and the handleability is excellent, and there is no sticking to the inner wall of the mixing device. It has virtually no tackiness when touched by hand. If the amount of the water-absorbing material used is small, tackiness may remain on the surface of the resulting massive mixture, but in such a case, a fluidity improver described later is added, and the mixture is treated by mixing. A lumpy mixture with reduced surface tackiness can be obtained.
  • the fluidity improver is preferably added after the food waste and the water-absorbing material are mixed, but can also be added together with the water-absorbing material at the start of the mixing process.
  • the apparatus for obtaining such a lump mixture may be any apparatus capable of imparting a shearing force, and various pulverizers, mixers, kneaders and the like can be used.
  • the apparatus include, for example, a ball mill such as a planetary mill and a vibrating mill, as well as a pulverizing apparatus that applies a shearing force such as a high-speed rotating mill such as a hammer mill, a cage mill, a shearing mill, and an axial flow mill; Horizontal-shaft rotary mixing equipment such as screw-type, bag-mill type; vertical-shaft rotary mixing equipment such as ripon type, screw type, planetary type, turbine type, high-speed fluidizing type, rotating cylinder type, Mahler type, etc .; mixing of vibration mill type
  • various types of kneading apparatuses such as a ball type, a blade type, and a roll type, in particular, a kneading apparatus having
  • the length of the longest axis of the finely divided mixture is 30 mm or less, preferably 1 Omm or less, more preferably 5 mm or less.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is usually about l mm.
  • the water-absorbing material When mixing the water-absorbing material with protein-based food waste, a small amount of the mixture results in a lump mixture, while a large amount of the mixture results in a finely divided mixture.
  • at least 5 parts by weight, especially 100 parts by weight, of water-absorbing material per 100 parts by weight of free water (water removed by drying) contained in protein-based food waste Thereby, a finely divided mixture can be obtained.
  • the upper limit of the mixing amount is not particularly limited, but is usually about 30 parts by weight. On the other hand, when the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, a lump mixture can be obtained.
  • the lower limit is usually about 1 part by weight.
  • the agglomerated mixture has extremely reduced surface tackiness, is excellent in handleability, and is excellent in filling in containers and bags. Therefore, this bulk mixture can be conveyed to a pulverizing factory and crushed to be a finely divided body powder mixture.
  • the lump mixture is dried, its moisture content is adjusted to a hardness that can be easily crushed, and then pulverized.
  • the moisture control by drying can be performed by various methods such as a natural drying method, a heat drying method, and a reduced pressure drying method.
  • the moisture content in the bulk mixture is adjusted by drying such that the moisture content in the bulk mixture is 50% or less, preferably 30%, and more preferably 20% or less.
  • the crushing device various types of conventionally known crushing devices can be used, and preferably, a device having a high-speed rotary blade can be used.
  • the bulk mixture is composed of an unheated protein food such as fresh fish and seafood waste, it has a fresh smell and is liable to decay, but such a bulk mixture is preferably heated and dried. .
  • the heating temperature in this case is 100 to 200 ° C., preferably 100 to 150 ° C. It is about C.
  • the finely divided food waste composition obtained by mixing a water-absorbing material with a high-quality food waste is suitable as a feed for various animals, and particularly suitable as a crude fiber feed for cattle. Things.
  • the proportion of the fibrous material in the composition is usually at least 10%, preferably at least 20%.
  • the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually about 80%.
  • Vegetable waste includes waste from vegetable and vegetable markets, waste from greengrocers, and waste from vegetable processing food factories.
  • This vegetable waste can be made into a finely divided mixture by subjecting it to a mixing process in the presence of a water-absorbing material by applying a shearing force thereto.
  • the obtained finely divided mixture has excellent water-absorbing material mixed with the surface water, is extremely low in surface tackiness, and has excellent handleability. It has no stickiness and can be touched with your hands.
  • the device for obtaining such a finely divided mixture may be any device capable of imparting a shearing force, and various pulverizers, mixers, kneaders and the like can be used.
  • the apparatus include, for example, a ball mill such as a planetary mill and a vibrating mill, as well as a pulverizing apparatus that applies a shearing force such as a high-speed rotating mill such as a hammer mill, a cage mill, a shearing mill, and an axial flow mill; , Screw-type, bag-mill type, etc. horizontal axis rotary mixing equipment; ribbon type, screw type, planetary type, turbine type, high-speed flow type, rotary cylinder type, Mahler type etc.
  • kneading devices such as a ball type, a plate type, and a roll type, in particular, a kneading device having a high-speed rotary blade such as a Henschel mixer, a speed mixer, a cutter mixer, and the like can be given.
  • the length of the longest axis of this finely divided mixture is 30 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less, more preferably 5 mm or less.
  • the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is usually about 1 mm.
  • the amount of the material mixed is generally 100 parts by weight of free water (moisture removed by drying) contained in vegetable waste. It is at least 5 parts by weight, especially at least 10 parts by weight.
  • the upper limit of the mixing amount is not particularly limited, but is usually about 30 parts by weight. On the other hand, the lower limit is usually about 1 part by weight.
  • Fatty food waste includes butter, cheese, various fried foods (tempura), and the like. Such fats and oils-based food waste is poorly handled with liquid fats and oils attached to its surface.
  • Such a fat-based food waste can be subjected to a mixing treatment by applying a shearing force in the presence of the water-absorbing material to obtain a finely divided mixture of the food and the water-absorbing material.
  • the various devices described above can be used, but it is particularly preferable to use a device having a high-speed rotating blade.
  • the proportion of the water-absorbing material used is 2 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of food waste. Since fibrous materials are excellent in oil absorbency as well as water absorbency, they are preferred because they absorb water and oil in food waste, and provide good handleability and provide food waste compositions. It is a water absorbing material.
  • Convenience stores emit various kinds of depleted foods (such as bento, rice balls, meat, bread, and salads), and such food waste is subjected to shearing force in the presence of water-absorbing materials. By adding and mixing, the food and the water-absorbing material A lump or subdivided mixture can be obtained.
  • various devices as described above can be used, but it is particularly preferable to use a device having a high-speed rotating blade.
  • the water-absorbing material is used in an amount of 2 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of food waste, and an appropriate amount depending on the properties of the desired mixture. Used.
  • Restaurants, hotels, etc. emit waste from starch, protein, vegetable and / or oil-based foods. Such a food waste can be subjected to a mixing treatment by applying a shearing force in the presence of the water-absorbing material to obtain a lump or finely divided mixture of the food and the water-absorbing material.
  • a device various devices as described above can be used, but it is particularly preferable to use a device having a high-speed rotating blade.
  • the usage ratio of the water-absorbing material is 2 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of food waste, and an appropriate amount may be determined according to the desired properties of the mixture. Used.
  • the water absorbing fibrous material means a material mainly composed of a fiber aggregate having a porous structure and having a water absorbing property.
  • pulp fiber beet pulp, dried fermented cake (wine cake cake, beer cake, etc.), dried extract cake (koihi extraction cake, tea cake, etc.), dried Vegetable oil cake (soy oil cake, peanut oil cake, coconut oil cake, rapeseed oil cake, palm oil cake, etc.), crushed rice straw and the like are included.
  • the fibrous material is used in various forms such as powder, cotton, and short fiber.
  • the length of the fiber is usually 200 mm or less, preferably 10 Omm or less, more preferably 1 Omm or less, and the shorter, the better.
  • the fiber length and fiber thickness of the fiber material are adjusted by subjecting the fiber material to cutting and defibration such as cutting, crushing, and crushing. be able to. By such a treatment, a fibrous material having improved water absorption can be obtained.
  • pulp fibers are preferably used as the fibrous material.
  • the pulp includes mechanical pulp, chemical pulp, semi-chemical pulp and the like.
  • Pulp fibers include fibers from various types of pulp such as wood pulp, pagasu pulp (pulp from sugar cane pulp), straw pulp, bamboo pulp, linter pulp, and kenaf pulp.
  • the use of bagasse pulp fiber is preferred from the viewpoint of water absorption and the like.
  • the pulp fiber can be obtained by defibrating the sheet pulp by a conventionally known wet method or dry method, and further cutting the pulp as necessary.
  • the pulp fibers used in the present invention can be preferably cotton-like pulp and no- or short-fiber pulp.
  • the thickness of the fiber is preferably thinner, but is usually 0.5 to 15 denier (D), preferably 3 to 10 denier.
  • D denier
  • the fiber length is not particularly limited, it is usually about 1 to 200 mm, preferably about 2 to 100 mm, and more preferably about 2 to 1 Omni.
  • the proportion of the fibrous material used is generally 100% by weight to 5% by weight or more, especially 10% by weight or more, of free water (water removed by drying) contained in food waste. It is.
  • the upper limit is usually about 30 parts by weight.
  • water-absorbing materials used in the present invention include various inorganic porous substances (adsorbents) such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, silica, alumina, zeolite, fly ash, (coal ash), charcoal, and activated carbon. And other organic porous substances (adsorbents), water-absorbing polymers, and dried foods (flour, starch).
  • adsorbents such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, silica, alumina, zeolite, fly ash, (coal ash), charcoal, and activated carbon.
  • organic porous substances adsorbents
  • calcium oxide and / or magnesium oxide can be preferably used as the water absorbing material. Since such a water-absorbing material acts as a neutralizing agent for acidic soil, the obtained dried food waste composition is used as an organic fertilizer raw material or an organic fertilizer. When it is used as an organic fertilizer (including a soil conditioner), it can be preferably used.
  • the use ratio of such calcium oxide and / or magnesium oxide is not particularly limited, but is appropriately selected according to the use of the obtained dried food waste composition. For example, when the composition is used as a fertilizer raw material or fertilizer, it can be used in a large amount, and the amount used is 5 parts by weight or more, preferably 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of food waste. Parts by weight or more, and its upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually about 30 parts by weight.
  • These calcium oxides and magnesium oxide react with the water (free water) contained in food waste to remove water from food waste.
  • the ratio of calcium oxide and / or magnesium oxide to the fibrous material is about 5 to 300 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the fibrous material, but it depends on the type and properties of the food waste. Depending on the desired properties and uses of the food waste composition, it may be appropriately selected.
  • a water-absorbing polymer can be used as the water-absorbing material.
  • a water-absorbing polymer include konnyaku mannan, dartene, casein, gelatin, carboxymethyl senorellose, and alginic acid. Soda, chitosan, carrageenan, synthetic water-absorbing polymers and the like are included. These are used in powder form, granular form, fibrous form and the like.
  • synthetic water-absorbing polymer conventionally known various polymers can be used. These include polyacrylates, butyl acetate, saponified acrylic ester copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, maleic anhydride reactants, isobutylene, and crosslinked maleic acid copolymers, polyacrylonitrile. Saponified products, polyethylene oxides, starch Z acrylonitrile graft polymer saponified products, starch noraacrylate darafft polymer, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose, and the like.
  • the proportion of water-absorbing polymer used can be determined appropriately according to the water content of food waste. Although not particularly limited, it is usually 1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 2 to 15 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of food waste.
  • the use of a fibrous material is preferable as the water-absorbing material.
  • the amount of the fibrous material used is increased by using the non-fibrous water-absorbing material as described above together with the fibrous material. Can be reduced.
  • the fibrous material is highly safe, is an oil-absorbing material, and absorbs fats and oils in food waste, and is therefore preferably used as an essential component in the water-absorbing material.
  • the total water-absorbing material has a content of 25% or more, preferably 40% or more, and more preferably 50% or more.
  • a material having oil absorbency while having water absorbency can be preferably used as the water-absorbing material.
  • Such materials include calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, zeolite, silica, alumina, fly ash, and the like, in addition to the various pulp fibers described above.
  • Such an oil-absorbing material is preferably applied to the treatment of food waste containing oil.
  • a food waste is heated and dried while stirring in the presence of a water-absorbing material, and a mixture comprising the dried food waste and the water-absorbing material is mixed. Is generated.
  • the food waste is crushed in advance and heat-dried.
  • This crushing treatment can be performed using a shredding device or a mixing device having a cutting blade.
  • the food waste is of a coarse shape, it is preferable to make the food waste into a finely divided body shape for the above-mentioned crushing treatment.
  • the coarse shape includes food waste having an average major axis length of 5 cm or more, especially 10 cm or more.
  • the subdivision shape is such that the coarse shaped food waste can be reduced to smaller dimensions, usually Crushed (shredded) to an average major axis length of less than 5 cm, particularly 3 cm or less, preferably 2 cm or less.
  • water-absorbing material examples include those described above, and the ratio thereof is 2 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of food waste. It is.
  • the heating temperature is such that the temperature of the dried product after the heating is 50 to 200 ° C, preferably 80 to 150 ° C, More preferably, the temperature is in the range of 100 to 130 ° C.
  • the degree of drying is such that the moisture content of the dried product is 50% by weight or less, preferably 30% or less, particularly 20% or less, and the lower limit is not particularly limited. It is about 0%. In the case of the present invention, since heating and drying are performed in the presence of a water-absorbing material, it is sufficient to dry to a range of 10 to 30%, particularly 15 to 25%.
  • the stirring in this case may be any stirring such that the food waste and the water-absorbing material are mixed, and includes various conventionally known methods, for example, a method using a stirring blade, a method using a diaphragm, and the like.
  • additives When heating and drying the mixture of the food waste and the water-absorbent material formed in advance according to the present invention, or when heating and drying the food waste while stirring it in the presence of the water-absorbent material, various additives are allowed to coexist. be able to.
  • additives include antibacterial agents, deodorants, preservatives, antioxidants, flow improvers, fragrances and the like.
  • antibacterial agent including a bactericide and a bacteriostatic agent
  • various conventionally known agents applied to foods can be used. These include antibiotics, chlorinated isocyanuric acid (trichloroisocyanuric acid, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, etc.), 2-bromo-2-ditropane-1,1,3-diol, sodium hypochlorite , Calcium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, ethanol, isothi
  • Adsorbents such as acrylic acid oxyester, stabilized chlorine dioxide solution or zeolite-silica that has absorbed the same, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide (or oxygen) generator (sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate, Sodium sulfate, etc.), getyl pyrocarbonate (ethanol generator), chloramine B or T, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, and the like.
  • Alkaline substances such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and fly ash also act as antibacterial agents. These antimicrobial agents kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms present in the mixed product obtained from food waste and prevent spoilage of the resulting mixture.
  • the added amount may be an amount capable of inhibiting the growth of microorganisms contained in the mixed product.
  • the specific addition amount is appropriately selected according to the type of the antibacterial agent.
  • the deodorant examples include various conventionally known ones, for example, iron (II) salt, sodium chlorite, glyoxal, activated carbon, zeolite, magnesia and the like. These are used alone or in a mixture.
  • a ferrous salt can be preferably used.
  • the ferrous salt include iron sulfate, iron chloride, and iron lactate.
  • the ferrous salt reacts with ammoniaamine to deodorize.
  • the amount of addition may be a ratio that can suppress the generation of the odor of amines or the like from the obtained mixed product.
  • the specific addition amount is 1 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 20 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of food waste.
  • preservative various conventionally known preservatives applied to foods can be used. Such substances include benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sonolevic acid or its sodium salt, dehydroacetic acid or its sodium salt, isobutyl paraoxybenzoate (or isopropyl, ethyl, butyl, propyl, etc.), propionic acid , Calcium propionate, sodium propionate and the like. An appropriate amount is selected according to the type of food waste.
  • antioxidant various conventionally known ones applied to foods are used. These include erythorbic acid or its sodium salt, ascorbic acid, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, vitamin E, propyl gallate and the like. An appropriate amount is selected according to the type of food waste.
  • a fluidity improver can be added to the mixture.
  • This fluidity improver improves the fluidity of the resulting bulk mixture or finely divided mixture, and has an average particle size of 500 ⁇ m or less, preferably 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less.
  • Fine-grained porous material of 0 m or less such as pulp powder, activated carbon, silica, alumina, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and sulfuric acid Calcium, magnesium sulfate, artificial zeolite, etc.
  • the addition amount may be relatively small, and is usually 0.1 to 10%, preferably :! ⁇ 5%.
  • the food waste treating agent of the present invention comprises a water-absorbing material or comprises a water-absorbing material and an additive.
  • the additive at least one selected from an antibacterial agent, a deodorant, a preservative, an antioxidant, a fluidity improver, and a fragrance is used. Specific examples thereof include those described above.
  • the water-absorbing material and the additive can be handled in the form of a mixture or in the same bag, or they can be handled separately and added when processing food waste.
  • an antibacterial agent together with the water-absorbing material.
  • livestock animals Since high safety is required for chickens, pigs, cattle, sheep, etc.
  • cultured fish powdered rust, powdered lash, hydrogen peroxide, power lash oil (aryl isothiocyanate), ethanol, etc.
  • Hydrogen peroxide is preferably used in the form of an aqueous solution or a powder containing it (sodium peroxide, sodium perborate, sodium persulfate, etc.).
  • Force lash oil can be used as it is, as a solution dissolved in liquid oil or alcohol, or as a dispersion in water, or as a porous substance (activated carbon, zeolite, sepiolite, cyclodextrin, pulp powder or pulp fiber). Etc.). Ethanol is used as it is or as absorbed in an aqueous solution or porous material.
  • the preferred treating agent according to the present invention comprises a water-absorbing material and an antibacterial agent.
  • the antibacterial agent is in the form of powder, for example, powdered rust, powdered lash, adsorbed allyl isothiocyanate on a porous substance (for example, silica, etc.), and porous sodium percarbonate and ethanol. And those adsorbed on a toxic substance (eg, silica).
  • the antibacterial agent can be used alone, but can preferably be used in the form of a mixture with a bulking agent.
  • fillers examples include porous substances, preferably calcium compounds (calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, etc.), magnesium compounds (magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, etc.).
  • Food powder small sorghum flour, wheat flour, starch, etc.
  • activated carbon and the like.
  • the proportion of antimicrobial agent in the mixture is between 0.5 and 60%, preferably between 1 and 20%.
  • the mixture may contain a preservative and a noxifier or an antioxidant.
  • a preservative and a noxifier or an antioxidant include those described above.
  • the mixing ratio is appropriately selected according to the type of the preservative or antioxidant.
  • Uses of the dried food waste composition according to the present invention include feed and feed ingredients.
  • preferred processing agents that provide such feeds and feed materials include (i) a water-absorbing material, particularly a fibrous material, and (ii) a mixture containing a powdery antibacterial agent and a bulking agent. It is.
  • powdered rust and / or powdered lash are used as the antibacterial agent.
  • Powdered rust and powdered lash contain aryl isothiocyanate, which has an antibacterial effect.However, in the powder state, the allyl isothiocyanate does not evaporate and does not give a particularly pungent odor. When added to waste and mixed, allyl isothiocyanate is released and exhibits antimicrobial activity.
  • Various powders are used as the bulking agent. These include inorganic powders such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and zeolite, and organic powders such as starch and wheat flour. In the present invention, use of calcium carbonate is particularly preferred.
  • Such a powdery bulking agent also acts as a flow improver, adheres to the sticky surface of the lump or finely divided food waste composition and reduces the stickiness of the surface, It enhances the flowability of the entire composition and gives a composition with good handleability.
  • the proportion of the extender used is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 to 300 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight, more preferably 15 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the water-absorbing material. 50 parts by weight.
  • An appropriate amount of the powdered antibacterial agent may be selected depending on the type of the antibacterial agent. In the case of powdered powder and Z or powdered lash, generally 0.5 to 60%, preferably 1 to the total amount of calcium carbonate, powdered rust and .Z or powdered lash. About 20%.
  • Uses of the dried food waste composition according to the present invention include organic fertilizers and raw materials for organic fertilizers.
  • Preferred treatment agents that provide such fertilizers and raw materials for fertilizers include (i) water-absorbing materials and (Ii) It consists of calcium oxide '. Shim and / or magnesium oxide. Oxidizing calcium and magnesium or magnesium oxide act as moisture absorbers, reacting with moisture in food waste, and are themselves alkaline hydroxides. This hydroxide acts as a neutralizing agent for acidic soils. In addition, it acts as an antimicrobial agent and prevents spoilage of food waste compositions by microorganisms.
  • the proportion of calcium oxide and / or magnesium oxide to be used is not particularly limited.
  • the ratio is 5 to 300 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight.
  • the treating agent may contain a powdery antibacterial agent.
  • the powdery antibacterial agent can be used in the form of a mixture with calcium oxide and / or magnesium oxide.
  • the mixture may further contain a preservative and Z or an antioxidant.
  • a preservative and Z or an antioxidant include those described above.
  • the mixing ratio is appropriately selected according to the type of the preservative or antioxidant.
  • Additive [II] was prepared by adding 1 g of ground rust and 1 g of sodium propionate to 10 g of calcium carbonate and uniformly mixing.
  • An additive [III] was prepared by uniformly mixing 10 g of rust, 1 g of sodium propionate and 1 g of butylhydroxydisole with 10 g of calcium carbonate.
  • An additive [IV] was prepared by adding and mixing 0.2 g of ground rust and 0.2 g of butyl butyl benzoate to 10 g of calcium carbonate.
  • Reference example 6 An additive [VI] was prepared by adding and mixing 1 g of powdered lash and 1 g of sodium propionate to 10 g of flour.
  • Additive [VII] was prepared by adding and mixing 1 g of sodium chlorite with 10 g of calcium carbonate
  • Additive [VIII] was prepared by adding and mixing 1 g of ground rust to 10 g of sodium percarbonate.
  • Additive [IX] was prepared by adding and mixing 1 g of sodium chlorite with 10 g of sodium percarbonate.
  • Additive [X] was prepared by adding and mixing 1 g of trichloroisocyanuric acid to 10 g of calcium carbonate.
  • Additive [XI] was prepared by adding and mixing 1 g of isocyanuric acid with trichloro mouth to 10 g of sodium percarbonate. -
  • this product is placed in a microwave oven for 2 minutes, heated and dried, then placed in a household user and crushed (crushed), and then a mixture of finely divided rice grains and finely divided pulp fibers is obtained. Consisting of finely divided cotton Crushed into the body.
  • Example 3 The product was placed in a microwave oven for 2 minutes, dried, then placed in a household juicer and crushed, and crushed into free flowing, finely divided pieces.
  • Example 3 The product was placed in a microwave oven for 2 minutes, dried, then placed in a household juicer and crushed, and crushed into free flowing, finely divided pieces.
  • Example 2 The experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the flocculent pulp fiber was changed to 1.2 g.
  • the resulting mixture does not turn into a lump but consists of a mixture of finely divided rice grains and finely divided pulp fibers. Crushed. This was heat-dried and pulverized in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a powder having good fluidity.
  • Example 3 The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 0.1 lg of powdered rust (commercially available, manufactured by Sby Food Co., Ltd.) was added.
  • Example 4 The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 4, except that 0.1 g of powdered rust was replaced by 0.1 g of powdered lash (manufactured by SB Foods Co., Ltd.). Also in this case, the obtained mixture had an irritating odor due to allyl isotiosuccinate released from the powdered lash.
  • Example 3 in place of 1.2 g of floc pulp fiber, 0.5 floc pulp fiber was used. The experiment was performed in the same manner except that g and 0.7 g of calcium oxide were used.
  • the experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.2 g of pulp short fiber (short fiber pulp fiber having an average length of about 5 mm) was used as the pulp fiber.
  • the resulting mixture did not become a lump, but a finely divided mixture was obtained.
  • This mixture was placed in a microwave oven for 2 minutes, dried by heating, and then pulverized in a household user to obtain a powder having good surface freeness and good fluidity.
  • the product mixture was not formed into a lump, but a smooth and finely divided mixture was obtained.
  • This mixture had a pungent odor due to allyl isothiosinate released from powdered rust.
  • This mixture was placed in a microwave oven for 2 minutes, dried by heating, and then pulverized in a household juicer. As a result, a powder having good fluidity was obtained.
  • Example 2 As a result, a smooth and finely divided mixture having a rust odor was obtained. This was dried by heating and pulverized in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a powder having good fluidity.
  • the minced chicken did not turn into finely divided granules, but became a lump mixture.
  • This product had a sticky surface, but when 2 g. Of calcium carbonate was added to the bulk mixture and the mixture was mixed again, it became a bulk with significantly reduced surface tackiness. .
  • the lump was placed in a microwave oven and dried by heating for 2 minutes, and then placed in a household user and pulverized (crushed) to obtain a mixture of minced chicken meat and pulp fiber. It was crushed into finely divided cottony pieces with good flowability.
  • the resulting mixture did not become a lump, but a finely divided mixture was obtained. It had a flocculent appearance with little stickiness and good fluidity. This was dried by heating in the same manner as in Example 1, and then pulverized, whereby a powder having good fluidity was obtained.
  • Example 10 The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 10 except that 4 g of flocculent pulp fiber was used. In this case, too, a flocculent flocculent mixture with good fluidity was obtained. Also in this case, a flocculent flocculent mixture having good fluidity was obtained. This was heated and dried in the same manner as in Example 1, and then pulverized, whereby a powder having good fluidity was obtained.
  • Example 11 The experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 11, except that 1 g of the additive [ ⁇ ] was added. In this case, a flocculent flocculent mixture having a rust odor and good fluidity was obtained. This was heated and dried in the same manner as in Example 1, and then pulverized, whereby a powder having good fluidity was obtained.
  • Example 13 The experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 13 except that 4 g of pulp short fiber was used instead of the floc pulp.
  • the minced chicken became a mixture of finely divided minced meat with good fluidity.
  • This massive mixture was placed in a microwave oven, heated for 2 minutes, allowed to cool, and then placed in a household juicer to be crushed.
  • Example 17 The experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Example 17 except that 20 g of cabbage was used instead of tofu okara.
  • Example 17 in place of tofu okara, 10 g of minced chicken and 1 g of cabbage The experiment was performed in the same manner except that 0 g was used.
  • the mixing treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 15 except that 1 g of sodium percarbonate was used instead of 1 g of calcium oxide.
  • the chicken minced meat became a mixture of finely divided pieces having good flowability. This was heated and dried in the same manner as in Example 1, and then pulverized to obtain a powder with good fluidity.
  • the mixing treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 22 except that the amount of the pulp short fiber was changed to 4 g.
  • Example 24 mixing was carried out in the same manner except that 20 g of fish was used instead of fish fillets as raw materials to be treated.
  • Example 25 a mixing treatment was performed in the same manner as in the case where 3 g of pulp short fiber and 2 g of calcium oxide were used instead of 4 g of pulp short fiber.
  • One fish spoon (about 25 g) was cut into 5 pieces, put in a household juicer, then 3 g of flour and 2.5 g of floc pulp were mixed and mixed for 2 minutes.
  • Example 2 9 An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 27 except that 3.0 g of corn starch was used instead of 3.0 g of flour. As a result, a powder having good fluidity was obtained.
  • Example 2 9 An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 27 except that 3.0 g of corn starch was used instead of 3.0 g of flour. As a result, a powder having good fluidity was obtained.
  • Example 2 9 An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 27 except that 3.0 g of corn starch was used instead of 3.0 g of flour. As a result, a powder having good fluidity was obtained.
  • Example 2 9 An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 27 except that 3.0 g of corn starch was used instead of 3.0 g of flour. As a result, a powder having good fluidity was obtained.
  • Example 2 9 An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 27 except that 3.0 g of corn starch was used instead of 3.0 g of flour. As
  • Example 27 4.0 g of the granular material obtained in Example 27 and 0.2 g of the additive [IV] were placed in a household juicer and mixed for 2 minutes.
  • Example 2 The experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 3 g of calcium oxide was used instead of 3 g of the short pulp fiber.
  • Example 2 The experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.5 g of the additive [I] was added.
  • the dry mixture (dry food waste composition) which does not have the surface tackiness in which surface moisture was remarkably reduced, and has no sticking to the inner wall surface of a mixing apparatus can be obtained from various food wastes.
  • This mixture has a very sticky surface, so it is easy to handle, and has good filling properties for bags and containers and other powder products. It is excellent in the mixing property and the like.
  • the mixture which has the said characteristic can be obtained by the short-time mixing process using the inexpensive mixing apparatus with a simple structure.
  • the composition can be preferably used as a feed for livestock animals and cultured aquatic animals (various cultured fish) and as a raw material for samples, and is also suitable as an organic fertilizer or an organic fertilizer raw material.
  • the food waste treating agent of the present invention uses an inexpensive water-absorbing material, it can provide an inexpensive dry food waste composition.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de compositions de déchets d'aliments secs utilisées comme matières de base dans l'élaboration de fertilisants et d'aliments pour bétail, à partir de déchets alimentaires. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mélanger une matière hydrophile avec des déchets alimentaires et à sécher le mélange obtenu au long d'un processus de chauffe, afin d'obtenir un mélange renfermant des déchets d'aliments secs et de la matière hydrophile.
PCT/JP2001/001044 2000-02-14 2001-02-14 Compositions de dechets d'aliments secs WO2001058608A1 (fr)

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JP2000035772 2000-02-14

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102669403A (zh) * 2012-04-29 2012-09-19 山东大学威海分校 有机溶剂洗涤法提取大米渣蛋白

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4896359A (fr) * 1972-03-18 1973-12-10
JPS60196182A (ja) * 1984-03-19 1985-10-04 Sanei Seisakusho:Kk 酒粕の乾燥処理法
JPS6480486A (en) * 1987-09-18 1989-03-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Treatment of garbage
JPS6480487A (en) * 1987-09-18 1989-03-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Treatment of garbage
JPH09103753A (ja) * 1994-10-14 1997-04-22 Oka Daisuke ゴミの処理剤及びゴミの処理剤とゴミの攪拌・混合装置
JPH09131581A (ja) * 1995-11-10 1997-05-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 厨芥の処理方法およびその厨芥処理装置
JPH1157682A (ja) * 1997-08-25 1999-03-02 Masayuki Matsumoto 焼酎蒸留カスの固形化方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4896359A (fr) * 1972-03-18 1973-12-10
JPS60196182A (ja) * 1984-03-19 1985-10-04 Sanei Seisakusho:Kk 酒粕の乾燥処理法
JPS6480486A (en) * 1987-09-18 1989-03-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Treatment of garbage
JPS6480487A (en) * 1987-09-18 1989-03-27 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Treatment of garbage
JPH09103753A (ja) * 1994-10-14 1997-04-22 Oka Daisuke ゴミの処理剤及びゴミの処理剤とゴミの攪拌・混合装置
JPH09131581A (ja) * 1995-11-10 1997-05-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 厨芥の処理方法およびその厨芥処理装置
JPH1157682A (ja) * 1997-08-25 1999-03-02 Masayuki Matsumoto 焼酎蒸留カスの固形化方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102669403A (zh) * 2012-04-29 2012-09-19 山东大学威海分校 有机溶剂洗涤法提取大米渣蛋白

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