Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/08—Processes
  • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
  • C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
  • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
  • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
  • B29B7/72—Measuring, controlling or regulating
  • B29B7/726—Measuring properties of mixture, e.g. temperature or density
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
  • C08G18/4027—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/54 with other macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
  • C09J175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G2170/00—Compositions for adhesives
  • C08G2170/20—Compositions for hot melt adhesives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
  • C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials

Definitions

• the invention generally relates to reactive hot melt urethane adhesives. More particularly, the invention relates to a hot melt urethane adhesive including: an isocyanate compound; a polyester-polyol compound; a reactive tackifying resin including non-polar polyols; and a thermoplastic polymer.
• Hot melt adhesives can be conveniently applied by extruding the adhesive composition at elevated temperatures directly onto a work piece for the purpose of forming a structural bond with another work piece as the temperature of the adhesive compositional mass cools. While hot melt adhesives have many adhesive preparation and workpiece production benefits, they have an effective temperature use range which is lower than its application temperature. In other words, the bonding mass can lose bond strength as the temperature of the work piece and the bond line increase.
• moisture curable, hot melt urethane adhesives have little green strength in the their open state, limited peel and shear strength after set and require curing before these properties improve.
• the joined workpieces can require external mechanical support until the urethane adhesive can cure to a strong resilient, crosslinked bondline.
• Cured polyurethane bonds have high tensile strength and maintain their strength above their application temperature, 100-130°C.
• Such adhesives have value where initial green strength is not important since substantial bond formation requires a period of curing time, which can range from hours to a number of days.
• the inventors have developed compatible blends of components that form hot melt curing urethane adhesives with heat stability, green bond strength and fully cured bond strength that are surprisingly compatible in production and use.
• the reactive hot melt adhesive composition of this invention includes an isocyanate compound; a polyester-polyol compound; a reactive tackifying resin including non-polar polyols; and a thermoplastic polymer.
• the components of the adhesive composition cooperate in at least some embodiments to form a hot melt compatible adhesive composition that has substantial initial green strength, substantial cured bond strength, chemical and heat resistance when cured, extended pot life, long open times, high heat resistance, (i.e., high PAFT), and good adhesion to plastics.
• the invention includes a hot melt adhesive composition including: an isocyanate compound; a polyester-polyol; a reactive tackifying resin which includes a terpene-phenolic copolymer resin having a hydroxyl number of about 50 or less; and a thermoplastic polymer.
• the invention includes a method of increasing temperative resistance and open time in a hot melt adhesive composition, the method including incorporating into the adhesive an isocyanate compound; a polyester-polyol, and a reactive tackifying resin including a non-polar polyol having a hydroxyl number of about 50 or less.
• the inventors have found useful hot melt adhesive compositions that include: an isocyanate compound; a polyester-polyol compound; a reactive tackifying resin including non-polar polyols; and a thermoplastic polymer.
• isocyanate compound in the context of this invention indicates a typically monomeric small molecule having 2 or more NCO groups.
• Isocyanate compounds useful for forming the compositions of the invention include organic, aliphatic and aromatic isocyanate compounds having an isocyanate functionality of about 2 or more.
• the isocyanate compounds can also contain other substituents which do not substantially adversely affect the viscosity of the isocyanate terminated compositions, the adhesive properties of the bond line or the reactivity of the NCO groups during the formation of the composition.
• the isocyanate compound can also include mixtures of both aromatic and aliphatic isocyanates and isocyanate compounds having both aliphatic and aromatic character.
• Typical aromatic isocyanate compounds include diphenylmethane diisocyanate compounds (MDI) including its isomers, carbodiimide modified MDI, diphenylmethane-4,4'- diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-2,2'-diisocyanate, diphenyl-methane-2,4'-diisocyanate, oligomeric phenyl methylene isocyanates; toluene diisocyanate compounds (TDI) including isomers thereof, tetramethylxylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), isomers of naphthylene diisocyanate, isomers of triphenylmethane triisocyanate, and mixtures thereof.
• MDI diphenylmethane diisocyanate compounds
• TXDI tetramethylxylene diisocyanate
• Aliphatic di, tri, and polyisocyanates are also useful including for example isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated aromatic diisocyanates, aliphatic polyisocyanates, cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates, and others.
• Polyester-Polvol Compounds are also useful including for example isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated aromatic diisocyanates, aliphatic polyisocyanates, cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates, and others.
• the polyester-polyol compounds can be produced by reacting polyols with a polyfunctional carboxylic acid compound.
• Suitable polyols that can be used as reactants to form the polyester-polyols have a molecular weight in excess of 250, more typically in excess of 500, most preferably in the molecular weight range of about 500-10,000.
• Typical polyols include monomeric diols, triols, etc. and polymeric diols, triols comprising a chain of repeating methylene units providing a major contribution to the molecular weight of the material.
• a typical polymeric polyol includes either a linear or branched chain of the repeating units which is terminated with hydroxyl groups and for the sake of simplicity these hydroxyl groups will normally be the active hydrogen containing substituents in the polyol structure reacting with the capping isocyanate compounds.
• Preferred polyols include monomeric polyols having 2 or 3, hydroxyl groups per molecule.
• Representative, but exclusive examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine, trimethylol propane, 1,2,6-hexane triol, butene diol, 1 ,4-butanediol, 1,3- propanediol, neopentyl glycols.
• Some preferred polyols include hexane diol, higher polyalkylene diols, cyclic polyols containing 1 to 3 —hydroxyl groups and a cycloahphatic structure.
• Examples of such preferred diols include 1 ,4-dihydroxymethyl cyclohexane, hydrogenated bisphenol-A, hexane diol, dodecane diol, or other higher molecular weight diols.
• Especially preferred polyols include neopentyl glycols.
• vaporized isocyanate compositions can occur during manufacture or application of the adhesive of the invention.
• a small amount of a low moleoular weight polyol can be added, with the polyester-polyol, that can react with free isocyanate compounds.
• the polyester-polyols can be produced by reacting the above discussed polyols with a polyfunctional carboxylic acid compound, preferably a higher (C 8 or higher) paraffmic diacid.
• a polyfunctional carboxylic acid compound preferably a higher (C 8 or higher) paraffmic diacid.
• Such polyfunctional acids are primarily monomeric compositions having two or more carboxylic acid groups. Representative examples of such acids include dodecane dioic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, 1,18-octadecane dioic acid, dimer acid prepared from a mono-, di- or triunsaturated fatty acid, acid wax, acid anhydride grafted wax, or other suitable polycarboxylic acid reacting compound.
• a preferred polyester-polyol for use in this invention includes the reaction product of dimer acid and either a 1 ,4-dihydroxyalkyl cyclohexane or hydrogenated bisphenol-A, dimer acid being a composition made by reacting active olefmic groups in a C ⁇ 2-24 unsaturated fatty acid resulting in crosslinking between two fatty acid molecules.
• the isocyanate compound reacts with the terminal hydroxyl group to form isocyanate terminated compositions having free NCO groups for reaction with moisture or other reactive hydrogen containing compounds.
• the polyester-polyol is reacted with the isocyanate compounds and the tackifying resins to produce the hot melt adhesive.
• polyester-polyol compounds with polyether-polyol compounds may be used.
• an appropriate amount of the polyester-polyol compound used is replaced with an appropriate amount of a suitable polyether-polyol compound to form a mixture of polyester-polyol compounds and polyether-polyol compounds.
• This mixture of polyester- polyol /polyether-polyol compounds is then used to react with the isocyanate compounds and the tackifying resins to produce the hot melt adhesive.
• the ratio of polyester-polyol to polyether-polyol in these mixtures is preferably in the range of about 10: 1 to about 1 :5, and more preferably about 5:1 to about 1 :2.
• Suitable polyether-polyol compounds for use in such a mixture have two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
• the polyether-polyol compounds are diols or triols of a molecular weight resulting in an appropriate viscosity.
• suitable polyether-polyol compounds have a molecular weight of less than about 20,000, or typically less than about 10,000, preferably in the range of about 1,000 to about 10,000, and most preferably for reasons of reactivity and viscosity control, in the range of about 2,000 to about 4,000.
• Examples of preferred polyether-polyol compounds include polyoxyalkylene compounds having at least two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, and polyalkylene ether glycol compounds.
• Specific examples of suitable polyether-polyol compounds include polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, tetramethylene glycols, polybutylene glycols, and mixtures thereof.
• the adhesives of the invention also contain a reactive tackifying resin.
• a reactive tackifying resin when used with the urethane components discussed above, such reactive tackifying resin can increase the PAFT values of the urethane adhesive, and extend the open time of the polymers without compromising heat stability.
• the reactive tackifying resins also increase the viscosity of liquid components.
• the reactive tackifying resins are preferably non-polar polyols, which are solid at ambient temperatures, and preferably have the following characteristics: functionality between 1 and 2.5; hydroxy numbers in the range of about 50 or less and preferably in the range of about 50 to about 30; soften points above 0°C and preferably in the range of 50°C to 130°C; acid numbers below 1 ; and are non-polar, (i.e., able to form compatible and stable blends when co-reacted with the above discussed pre-polymers.)
• suitable reactive tackifying resins include: te ⁇ ene-phenols, low acid number reaction products of rosin acid and diepoxies, and hydroxyl modified rosin esters.
• Especially preferred reactive tackifying resins include te ⁇ ene-phenols with hydroxy numbers in the range of about 20 and about 50.
• the reactive hot melt urethane adhesive composition of the invention contains a compatible thermoplastic polymer which cooperates with the other adhesive components to provide initial green strength and cured strength to the inventive compositions.
• the thermoplastic polymer composition is matched in polarity with the urethane components and with the tackifying resins.
• the preferred thermoplastic copolymer component of this invention includes an ethylene vinyl monomer polymer such as an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, an ethylene acrylic monomer copolymer, or ethylene acrylic carbon-monoxide copolymer.
• the polyethylene-vinyl monomer composition can be a film-forming thermoplastic polymer compatible with the adhesive components of the invention.
• the vinyl monomer of the ethylene vinyl monomer composition comprises an acrylate monomer or a vinyl ester monomer of a carboxylic acid compound.
• Acrylate monomers that can be used in the film-forming polymer of the invention include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, methylacrylate, ethyl acrylate, methylmethacrylate, 2-ethylhexylacrylate, 2- ethylhexylmethacrylate, methoxyethylmethacrylate, methoxyethylacrylate, ethylene n-butyl acrylate, and others.
• a preferred acrylate monomer is ethylene n-butylacrylate which includes about 30-50% butylacrylate.
• Acrylate monomers are well known in the art and are selected for copolymerization with ethylene based on the polarity of the monomer.
• Vinyl esters of carboxylic acids include such monomers as vinyl acetate, vinyl butyrate, and others.
• the preferred isocyanate capped components of this invention are formulated to have a polarity compatible with ethylene-vinyl acetate polymers (EVA) having about 10-60 wt-% vinyl acetate and a melt index of about 0.2 to 1000.
• EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate polymers
• the most preferred EVA comprises a copolymer with about 18 to 50 wt-% vinyl acetate and a melt index of about 0.2 to 500.
• the compositions of polymers using other second monomer systems should be formulated to obtain a polarity approximating the polarity of these EVA compositions.
• the adhesives of the invention may optionally contain a non-reactive tackifying resin in combination with the isocyanate, the polyester-polyol, the reactive tackifying resin and the thermoplastic polymer.
• the non-reactive tackifying resins useful in adhesives of the invention comprise aromatic, aliphatic or aliphatic aromatic tackifying resins.
• Aromatic resins useful in forming the adhesive compositions of this invention can be prepared from any monomer containing an aromatic moiety and a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated group.
• aromatic monomers include styrenic monomers such as styrene, alpha-methyl styrene, vinyl toluene, methoxy styrene, tertiary butyl styrene, chlorostyrene, etc., indene monomers including indene, methylindene and others.
• Aliphatic aromatic tackifying resins can be made by polymerizing feed streams containing a mixture of one or more aliphatic monomers in combination with one or more aromatic monomers.
• aromatic aliphatic resins can be formed from the aromatic monomers above in mixture with generally unsaturated petroleum feedstocks which contain C + monomers.
• the mixed aromatic-aliphatic resins contain aromatic monomers recited above polymerized with aliphatic monomers, preferably with the C 4-6 monomers recited below.
• Both natural and synthetic te ⁇ ene tackifying resins and synthetic aliphatic hydrocarbon resins can be used in the compositions of the invention as non-reactive tackifying agents.
• Typical monomers making up aliphatic hydrocarbon resins include 1,3 -butadiene, cis- 1,3-pentadiene, trans- 1 ,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-l,3-butadiene, 2-methyl-2-butene, cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and others.
• the preferred non-reactive tackifying resin used depends upon the type of thermoplastic polymer used.
• the preferred non-reactive tackifying resin may depend upon the wt-% VA content of the EVA if EVA is used as the thermoplastic polymer.
• EVA resins having a wt-% of VA greater than 28-33% aromatic or aliphatic-aromatic resins having a ring and ball softening point of 70°-120° C. are preferred.
• aromatic or aliphatic-aromatic resins having a ring and ball softening point of 70°-120° C. are preferred.
• EVA resins having a wt-% of VA less than 28% aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic resins having a ring and ball softening point of 70°- 120° C. are preferred.
• Preferred resins are generally C 9 and hydrogenated C 9 resins.
• pure monomer resins -methyl styrene can be used, but it may shorten open times in final materials. Additionally, pure monomer resins may have some compatibility problems at 33% VA EVA and below.
• the ratio of the tackifying resins (both reactive and non-reactive) in relation to the thermoplastic polymer can effect the open time and initial peel resistance of the adhesive before the adhesive moisture cures.
• increasing the tackifying resin to thermoplastic polymer ratio will lengthen the open time.
• the tackifying resin to thermoplastic polymer ratio is preferably greater than 1, and is more preferably between 2 and 3.
• resins which have good initial peel resistance have tackifying resin to thermoplastic polymer ratios that yield tan deltas of 0.50 to less than 1.00 upon cooling from the melt as measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).
• DMA dynamic mechanical analysis
• compositions of the invention can contain other compatible polymers, fillers, pigments, dyes, catalysts, inhibitors, antioxidants, UV absorbers, waxes and other conventional additives.
• the fillers may be in the form of particles or fibers of compositions including ceramics, glass, silica, quartz, mica, treated clay, titanium dioxide, boron nitrides, graphite, carbon black, glass fibers, asbestos fibers, metal powders, etc., the amount of filler depending on particular properties of the composite desired.
• the reactive hot melt urethane adhesives of at least some embodiments of the invention typically comprise an effective bonding amount of a thermoplastic polymer base to provide initial green strength, an effective amount of a polyurethane composition including the reaction product of (i) a polyester polyol compound, and (ii) an isocyanate compound to provide final cured strength, and chemical and heat resistance; a reactive tackifying resin to provide for increased open times, and increased PAFT values; and a compatible tackifying resin.
• the reactive hot melt urethane adhesive composition is typically blended under anhydrous inert gas mixing conditions to form a uniform adhesive admixture which is then typically packaged in a variety of sizes ranging from about 25 g. to 250 kilogram mixtures. In use the compositions can be placed in hot melt application equipment under an inert gas blanket, heated to melt temperature for extrusion.
• the reactive hot melt urethane adhesive compositions of the invention can be cured in the bond line using a variety of mechanisms.
• the curing reaction occurs between a compound having an available active hydrogen atom and the NCO groups of the polyurethane precursor.
• a variety of reactive compounds having free active hydrogens are known in the art including water, hydrogen sulfide, polyols, ammonia, and other active compounds. Such curing reactions can be conducted by relying on the presence of moisture in the atmosphere.
• the adhesive compositions of this invention can be prepared using the proportions of components found in the following Table 1 : Table 1
• the weight ratio of the combined weight of the polyester-polyol and isocyanate components in relation to the reactive tackifying resin is about 1 : 1 to about 4:1, preferably about 2: 1 to about 3:1.
• the reactive hot melt urethane adhesives of this invention can be made by preparing the polyester-polyol compound (or mixture of polyester-polyol and polyether polyol) and blending the polyester-polyol (or mixture of polyester-polyol and polyether polyol) with the reactive tackifying resin, the thermoplastic polymer and other optional ingredients such as the non-reactive tackifying agent, if necessary, into a suitable reaction vessel at elevated temperatures, typically in the range of 100°-250°F. (38°-122°C). The isocyanate compound is then introduced into the reaction vessel at elevated reaction temperatures, typically in the range of 100°-300°F. (38°-149°C). Moisture is typically excluded from reaction using dry chemicals and conducting the reaction under vacuum or the presence of an anhydrous gas blanket.
• the polyester polyol compound (or the mixture of polyester-polyol/polyether-polyol) is reacted with the isocyanate compound in the reactive vessel at ratios that typically depend on the hydroxy and isocyanate functionality of the reactants. Typically the compounds are reacted at ratios which result in a reaction between isocyanate groups and hydroxy groups leaving essentially no residual hydroxy and minimal isocyanate functionality, typically less than 10 wt-%. Typically the reaction between the polyester polyol compound (or mixture of polyester-polyol and polyether polyol) and the isocyanate compound is conducted at an OH:NCO ratio of about 0.75 to 0.16:1 in order to obtain an NCO concentration in the final adhesive of about 1 to 5%.
• the resulting urethane material is titrated to measure residual concentration of isocyanate using ASTM D-2572-80 "Standard method for isocyanate group and urethane materials or prepolymers". If the prepolymer composition has acceptable viscosity and isocyanate content, it can be packaged in suitable moisture resistant containers or immediately blended with the balance of the components to form the finished adhesive of the invention.
• the adhesives of the invention can be formed into a single package combining the polyester polyol compound (or mixture of polyester-polyol and polyether polyol), isocyanate compound, the reactive tackifying resin, the thermoplastic polymer, and any optional components, such as the non-reactive tackifying agent.
• the combination can be made with standard batch or continuous industrial reaction or blending equipment having suitable agitation, temperature control, vacuum and inert atmosphere.
• blending of the individual components can be left to the skilled adhesives formulator. The components are mixed at a rate such that the ingredients are smoothly combined.
• the hot melt adhesives of the invention can be used in accordance with uses generally known in the art for hot melt adhesives.
• the adhesive can be used as adhesives in roll coating applications, such as panel assembly operations, or as sealants, such as sealants around windows, and a broad variety of other such applications.
• the adhesive can be conveniently applied directly onto a substrate at elevated temperature for the pu ⁇ ose of forming a structural bond with another substrate as the temperature of the adhesive compositional mass cools. Before curing, the adhesive generally exhibits sufficient green strength such that external mechanical support is not be needed while the adhesive cures. Once the adhesive cures, it binds the two substrates firmly together.
• DMA is a non-destructive test that characterizes the rheological properties of materials over a temperature or frequency (stress) range.
• a DMA cooldown test was used. Samples were warmed to 250°F for 1/2 - 1 hour until molten. Molten sample was placed on a rheometrics dynamic spectrometer (RDS) model DMA with 25°C present sample chamber and a parallel plate gap of 2mm, the chamber was closed, and testing began at 1 radians/seconds.
• RDS rheometrics dynamic spectrometer
• G' is the storage modules
• G" is the loss modules
• G* is the sum of G' and G"
• tan ⁇ is the ratio of G7 G".
• tan A is greater than 1.0, the material can flow (i.e. has not set). If the tan ⁇ is less than 1.0, the material can not flow and is set. Therefore, the tan A generally indicates the limit on open time.
• Polyester-Polyol Compound 1 Two polyester-polyol compounds, were produced as follows, and used as components in the examples shown. Polyester-Polyol Compound 1
• Polyester-polyol compound 1 was prepared as follows: 290 grams of EmpolTM 1018, an 18 carbon dimer acid available from Emery Division of Henkel Co ⁇ . located in Cincinnati, Ohio, and 71 grams of neopentyl glycol were charged in a flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a Dean-Stark trap for collecting water from the condensation reaction. The reaction was carried out at a temperature in the range of 100°C to 140°C under a 28 in. Hg vacuum for 4-6 hours until the acid number was below 0.80. This produced a 55 hydroxyl number polyester-polyol. Polyester-Polyol 2
• Polyester-polyol 2 was prepared as follows. The reactants, 290 grams of EmpolTM 1061, a dimer acid available from the Emery Division of Henkel Co ⁇ . located in Cincinnati, Ohio, and 71 grams of neopentyl glycol were charged in a flash equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a Dean-Stark trap for collecting water from the condensation reaction. The reaction was carried out at a temperature in the range of 100°C to 140°C under a 28 in. Hg vacuum for 4-6 hours until the acid number was below 0.80. The resultant polyol had a hydroxyl number of 55.
• Example 1 11.1 grams of polyester-polyol Compound 2 was mixed with 66.0 grams of thermoplastic polymer (specifically 28% VA EVA 150 Melt Index (MI), ATEVA 2830A, from AT Plastics Canada) and 132.0 grams of a non-reactive tackifying resin, (specifically, Escorez 5615 which is a 115°C Ring & Ball Softening Point, C9 hydrocarbon resin from Exxon Co ⁇ .) at 225°F under 28in Hg. for 1/2 hours. 24.3 grams of isocyanate compound, (specifically, pure MDI, Isonate 125M Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan) was then added and reacted under vacuum at 200-215°F for 1 1/2-3 hours. 1 to 2 drops of a catalyst, (specifically Jeffcat DMDEE 1-2 drop ⁇ 0.03% of total sample) was added to the sample. Viscosity at 250°F was 7-1 OK cps.
• MI Melt Index
• ATEVA 2830A Melt Index
• Example 2 91.5 grams of polyester-polyol compound 2 was mixed with: 72.0 grams ATEVA 283A (thermoplastic polymer); 108.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non- reactive tackifying resin), 28.5 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanote compound); and 1-2 drops (-0.02%) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was lOK cps.
• Example 3 91.5 grams of polyester-polyol compound 2 was mixed with: 90.0 grams ATEVA 283A (thermoplastic polymer); 90.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non- reactive tackifying resin); 28.5 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops (-0.02%) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst) according to the same general procedure as in example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was 14K cps.
• ATEVA 2830A thermoplastic polymer
• Kristlex 3085 which is an 85°C R&B softening point polystyrene resin from Hercules, (non-reactive tackifying resin); 28.3 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops (-0.02%))
• Jeffcat DMDEE catalyst The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in example 1. Viscosity at 250 °F was 8K cps. The time tan ⁇ l .0 and the PAFT values of the above examples 1-4 were measured using the testing methods described above and are shown in the following table.
• Example 2 and 3 specifically show the effect of EV A/resins on open time.
• Example 4 shows that high aromatic resins have short open times even at low EV A/resin ratios.
• Example 5 114.3 grams of polyester-polyol compound 2 was mixed with: 90.0 grams ATEVA 283A (thermoplastic polymer); 60.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non- reactive tackifying resin); 35.7 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops ( ⁇ O.02%) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was l3K cps. Example 6. 114.3 grams of polyester-polyol compound 2 was mixed with 90.
• ATEVA 283A thermoplastic polymer
• Escorez 5615 non- reactive tackifying resin
• Isonate 125M isocyanate compound
• 1-2 drops ⁇ O.02%)
• Jeffcat DMDEE catalyst
• polyester-polyol compound 2 91.5 grams was mixed with: 90.0 grams Elvaloy HP-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 90.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non- reactive tackifying resin); 28.5 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops (-0.02%) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst).
• the components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in example 1.
• the viscosity at 250°F was 23K cps.
• the time tan ⁇ l .0 and the PAFT values of examples 5-7 were measured using the testing methods discussed above, and are shown in Table 3.
• Examples 5-7 show that Elvaloys have longer open times than EVAs.
• Example 8 104.3 grams of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 90.0 grains Elvaloy HP-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 60.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non- reactive tackifying resin); 45.7 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops (-0.02%) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to procedure as example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was 19K cps., and the measured PAFT was 174°F.
• Example 9 83.4 grams polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 90.0 grams Elvaloy HP-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 60.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 36.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops (-0.02%)) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was 22.5K cps., and the measured PAFT was 178°F.
• Example 10 152.4 grams of polyester-polyol compound 2 was mixed with: 120.0 grams Sylvares TP-2019, which is a 75-100 OH# te ⁇ rene/phenol from Arizona Chemical (reactive tackifying resin); 80.0 grams ATEVA 2830A (thermoplastic polymer); and 47.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound).
• Sylvares TP-2019 which is a 75-100 OH# te ⁇ rene/phenol from Arizona Chemical (reactive tackifying resin)
• ATEVA 2830A thermoplastic polymer
• 47.6 grams Isonate 125M isocyanate compound
• Example 11 152.4 grams of polyester-polyol compounds 2 was mixed with: 120.0 grams SP-553, which is a 75-100 OH# te ⁇ ene/phenol from Reichhold Chemical (reactive tackifying resin); 80.0 grams ATEVA 2830A (thermoplastic polymer); and 47.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound).
• the components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1.
• the viscosity at 225°F was 33.5K cps, and the viscosity rate increase at 225°F was 11% per hour.
• Elvaloy HP-771 thermoplastic polymer
• Dertophene T which is a 30-40 OH#, 90-95°C R&B softening point te ⁇ hene/pheno from DRT France (reactive tackifying resin); 47.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst).
• the components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was 14K cps, and the viscosity rate increase at 250°F was 5.4%) per hour.
• Example 13 152.4 grams polyester-polyol compound 2 was mixed with: 100.0 grams Elvaloy HP-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 100.0 grams Dertophene T-105, which is a 35-45 OH#, 105°C R&B softening point te ⁇ hene/phenol from DRT France (reactive tackifying resin); 47.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and, 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 12K cps, and the viscosity rate increase at 250°F was 6.5%) per hour.
• Elvaloy HP-771 thermoplastic polymer
• Dertophene T-105 which is a 35-45 OH#, 105°C R&B softening point te ⁇ hene/phenol from DRT France (reactive tackifying resin)
• 47.6 grams Isonate 125M isocyanate compound
• Example 14 152.4 grams polyester-polyol compound 2 was mixed with: 100.0 grams Elvaloy HP-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 100.0 grams Dertophene T- 115, which is a 40-50 OH#, 115°C R&B softening point te ⁇ hene/phenol from DRT France (reactive tackifying resin); 47.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and, 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 19K cps, and the viscosity rate increase at 250°F was 3.6%) per hour.
• Elvaloy HP-771 thermoplastic polymer
• Dertophene T- 115 which is a 40-50 OH#, 115°C R&B softening point te ⁇ hene/phenol from DRT France (reactive tackifying resin)
• 47.6 grams Isonate 125M isocyanate compound
• Example 15 139.1 grams polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 100.0 grams Elvaloy HP-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 100.0 grams Dertophene T - 115 (reactive tackifying resin); 60.9 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was 20K cps, and the viscosity rate increase at 250°F was 5.4% per hour. The measured %NCO was 3.8 - 3.9, and the measured PAFT was 200- 215°F.
• Example 16 139.1 grams polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with 80.0 grams Elvax 150 which is 33% VA EVA, 43 MI from DuPont (thermoplastic polymer); 120.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); and 60.9 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was 1 IK cps, and the viscosity rate increase at 250°F was 2% per hour. The measured PAFT was 138°F.
• Example 17 208.6 grams polyester-polyol 1 was mixed with: 120.0 grams Elvax 150
• thermoplastic polymer 180.0 grams Dertophene T-l 15 (reactive tackifying resin); 91.4 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst).
• the components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 23.5K cps, and the viscosity rate increase at 250°F was 6.2% per hour. The measured PAFT was 154°F.
• Example 18 208.6 grams of polyester-polyol 1 was mixed with: 120.0 grams Elvax 150 (thermoplastic polymer); 120.0 grams Dertophene T-l 15 (reactive tackifying resin); 60.0 Excorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 91.4 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and, 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 14.5K cps, the viscosity rate increase at 250°F was 3.4% per hour, and the measured PAFT was 190°F.
• Example 19 208.6 grams of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 120.0 grams Elvax 150 (thermoplastic polymer); 100.2 grams Dertophene T-l 15 (reactive tackifying resin); 79.8 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 91.4 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst).
• Elvax 150 thermoplastic polymer
• Dertophene T-l 15 reactive tackifying resin
• Escorez 5615 non-reactive tackifying resin
• 91.4 grams Isonate 125M isocyanate compound
• the viscosity at 250°F was 17.7K cps, and the measured PAFT was 175-205°F.
• the PAFT values of examples 16-19 was measured according to the methods discussed above, and are shown in Table 4 below:
• Example 20 118.0 grams of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 28.0 grams Arakawa KE-601 which is a 110 OH#, rosin acid modified diol, 80°C R&B softening point from Arakawa of Japan (reactive tackifying resin); 100.0 grams Elvaloy HL-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 100.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 54.0 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 15.6K cps. Viscosity rate increase at 250°F was 2% per hour.
• Arakawa KE-601 which is a 110 OH#, rosin acid modified diol, 80°C R&B softening point from Arakawa of Japan
• Elvaloy HL-771 thermoplastic polymer
• Escorez 5615 non-
• Example 21 139.1 grams of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 100.0 grams Elvaloy HL-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 100.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non- reactive tackifying resin); 60.0 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in Example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 16.3K cps. 172°F PAFT.
• Example 22 212.4 grams of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 50.4 grams Arakawa KE-601 (reactive tackifying resin); 150.0 grams Elvaloy HL-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 90.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 97.2 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in Example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 9.5K cps. 210- 220°F PAFT.
• Example 23 170.3 grams of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 85.3 grains Arakawa KE-601 (reactive tackifying resin); 150.0 grams Elvaloy HL-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 90.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 104.4 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in Example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 26K cps. 230-245°F PAFT.
• Example 24 250.4 grains of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 150.0 grams Elvaloy HL-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 90.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non- reactive tackifying resin); 109.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in Example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 11.5K cps. 190-195°F PAFT.
• Example 25 122.8 grams of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 30.8 gram
• Reagem 5110 which is a 100°C R&B softening point, 75 OH#, rosin modified polyol from DRT France (reactive tackifying resin); 132.0 grams ATEVA 2830A (thermoplastic polymer); 264.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 50.5 grams of Isonate 125 (isocyanate component) and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst).
• the compounds were mixed according to the same general procedure as in Example 1.
• the viscosity at 250°F was 17 Kcps, there was ⁇ 3% viscosity increase at 250°F, and 127°F PAFT.
• Example 26 148.8 grams polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 74.4 gram Reagem 5006 which is a 6°C R&B softening point, 75 OH#, rosin modified polyol from DRT France (reactive tackifying resin); 150.0 grams Elvaloy HL-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 150.0 grains Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 76.8 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound) and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The compounds were mixed according to the same general procedure as in Example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 23K cps, and 145°F PAFT.
• Example 27 148.8 grams polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 74.4 gram Reagem 5006 which is a 6°C R&B softening point, 75 OH#, rosin modified polyol from DRT France (reactive tackifying resin); 150.0 grams Elvalo
• polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 54.4 gram Reagem 5110 (reactive tackifying resin); 120.0 grams Elvaloy HL-771 (thermoplastic polymer), 120.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin), 88.9 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst).
• the components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in Example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 16.8K cps, and 188°F PAFT.
• Example 28 180.5 grams of polyester-polyol compound 1 was mixed with: 45.3 gram Reagem 5110 (reactive tackifying resin); 150.0 grams Elvaloy HL-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 150.0 grams Escorez 5615 (non-reactive tackifying resin); 74.4 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst).
• the components were mixed according to the same general procedure as in Example 1. Viscosity at 250°F was 29.5K cps, and 159°F PAFT.
• Examples 29-30 a mixture of polyester-polyol and polyether polyol was used instead of straight polyether-polyol.
• Examples 29 and 30 are similar to example 1, but instead of straight polyester-polyol Compound 2, a 50/50 mixture of polyester-polyol Compound 2 and a polyether polyol compound was used.
• Example 29 11.1 grams of polyester-polyol Compound 2 and 77.7 grams of 2,000 Mwt teteramethylene glycol, trade name Terathane 2,000 from the DuPont (polyether-polyol compound) were mixed with: 132 grams ATEVA 2830A (thermoplastic polymer); 264 grams Escorez 5615(non-reactive tackifying resin); 48.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops ( -0.02%)) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according the same general procedure as used in example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was 30.3K cps. Example 30.
• polyester-polyol Compound 2 11.1 grams of polyester-polyol Compound 2 and 77.7 grams POLY G 20-56, a 2000 Mwt. polypropylene glycol from Arch Chemical, formerly Olin Chemical (polyether-polyol compound) was mixed with: 132 grams ATEVA 2830 (thermoplastic polymer); 264 grams Escorez 5615(non-reactive tackifying resin); 48.6 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops (-0.02%)) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was l5.9K cps.
• Examples 31 and 32 are similar to example 15, but instead of straight polyester-polyol Compound 2, a 50/50 mixture of polyester-polyol Compound 2 and a polyether polyol compound was used.
• Example 31 125.2 grams polyester-polyol compound 1 and 125.2 grams Terathane 2000 (polyether-polyol compound) was mixed with: 120 grams Elvaloy HP-771 (thermoplastic polymer); 120 grams Dertophene T-l 15(reactive tackifying resin); 109.7 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops (-0.02%) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst). The components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in example 1. The viscosity at 250°F was 7.2K cps.
• Example 32 113.4 grams polyester-polyol compound 1 and 180 grams 4000 MWt.
• Polypropylene glycol trade name Acclaim 4200 from Lyondell Chemical (polyether-polyol compound) was mixed with: 133.2 grams Elvaloy HP- 771 (thermoplastic polymer); 66.6 grams Dertophene T-l 15 (reactive tackifying resin); 106.8 grams Isonate 125M (isocyanate compound); and 1-2 drops ( ⁇ 0.02%>) Jeffcat DMDEE (catalyst).
• the components were mixed according to the same general procedure as used in Example 1.
• the viscosity at 250°F was 3.3K cps.
• the sample were stable at 250°F, and showed no signs of separation upon standing for 2-3 hours at 250°F. This is a good sign of compatibility.

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