Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
  • C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
  • B32B38/10—Removing layers, or parts of layers, mechanically or chemically
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
  • B60J10/00—Sealing arrangements
  • B60J10/45—Assembling sealing arrangements with vehicle parts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
  • B60J10/00—Sealing arrangements
  • B60J10/70—Sealing arrangements specially adapted for windows or windscreens
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J201/00—Adhesives based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
  • C09J5/08—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers using foamed adhesives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
  • C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
  • C08J2203/22—Expandable microspheres, e.g. Expancel®
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
  • C08J2207/02—Adhesive
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
  • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an adhesive for use in sealing together two surfaces, for use especially in the glazing industry in general and in securing vehicle windscreens and/or windows and/or other vehicle features that may require replacement such as, without limitation, car panels; the invention also provides a method of use for installing and/or replacing vehicle windscreens and/or other fixed glazing on vehicles, buildings or the like.
• putty is a cement made from whiting and linseed oil which hardens over time to provide a peripheral rim of the window pane, thus separating interior and exterior environments and preventing air, moisture and/or heat transfer.
• putty is a cement made from whiting and linseed oil which hardens over time to provide a peripheral rim of the window pane, thus separating interior and exterior environments and preventing air, moisture and/or heat transfer.
• the installation is completed once the putty has dried and this usually takes up to 6 hours or so depending on the kind of plasters used.
• the window pane In use, the window pane is held rigidly around its edges so that even relatively small vibrational mechanical movements such as with earthquakes or bomb blasts or strong winds can cause the window pane to shatter.
• glued glazings have to be replaced any time the window, especially the windscreen, has been damaged in its optical performance by, for example, impact stones or other fractures or abrasion by wipers. Damage to the window surface can increase the scattering of light and may reduce the visibility to levels below safety limits.
• regulations of motor worthiness stipulate that there can be no chips or visual impairments on laminated windscreens, so whereas recent improvements have made the windscreens shatter-proof, they are still prone to chipping and fracturing and thus will require replacement.
• the process of replacing vehicle windscreens is both laborious and time consuming.
• the automotive glass fitter has first to remove the defective windscreen (usually in intact form), however the windscreen is firmly bonded in place and the adhesive sealant is hardened.
• the fitter uses a device comprising a cheesewire.
• the cheesewire is used to cut/saw through the hardened rubber along the periphery of the windscreen. This process requires physical force and can lead to musculo-skeletal conditions in the fitters themselves as a result of repetitive strain injury. Further problems associated with this method are that the cheesewires can overheat due to friction, additionally the wires themselves can break.
• fast cure agents/catalysts so as to speed up the time from vehicle drop-off to vehicle collection.
• the fast cure agents/catalysts can be provided pre-mixed in the adhesive composition or alternatively can be mixed with the adhesive at the point of exit from a dispensing gun.
• the problem still remains that the removal of a defective windscreen and its subsequent replacement is a laborious and time consuming process which can result in damage to the dashboard interior or vehicle paint-work.
• thermoexpandable microcapsules or microspheres for use in the manufacture of porous or lightweight materials with density (weight) reduction, acoustic and thermal insulating properties as covering materials or walls.
• the microcapsules or microcapsules comprises a polymer shell or shell of some other similar material, the shell being of certain thickness and chemical/physical/mechanical properties.
• the shell encapsulates materials such as volatile organic solvents, expandable gases or activating agents, including explosives or any other such material which is capable of exploding the shell and expanding at certain specified conditions with a selected matrix .
• microcapsules when heated to a sufficient temperature, typically in the region of about 75-180 ° C, depending on the encapsulated substance and the shell composition and thickness, can produce an increase of their volume at high expansion rate in some instances at a volumetric expansion limit of up to 70 to 160 times the original volume.
• the percentage and distribution of the microspheres in a given composition, their expansion ratio, the temperature operating range, the softening transition range of the shell material and the matrix cohesion and consistency are all parameters which are able to influence the expansion volume of a layer between two materials.
• the resulting composition is effective at providing glazing adhesion and sealing.
• the adhesive bonds in the composition can be weakened by the application of direct heat to the composition thereby allowing sufficient softening of the adhesive material so that a vehicle windscreen/fixed glazing can be easily lifted up and so rapidly removed.
• the lifting pressure can be predicted by a computational software which is part of this invention and treats the expanding microspheres like a spring mechanical pressure actuator in the volume of the adhesive state and like a "bombing" actuator at interfaces between two layers.
• the adhesive of the invention has application in other areas especially where two surfaces are to be bonded together and where one surface may subsequently need replacing following damage or ware, for example, and without limitation; shower doors and vehicle panels and other building glazing applications.
• Reference herein to vehicle is intended to include, without limitation car, lorry, van ship, boat, plane, cable car, helicopter, hovercraft and any other form of transport in which there is fixed glazing.
• the invention provides a composition
• a composition comprising a heat triggered adhesion-deactivating microcapsule or microsphere or microbead, typically the microcapsule or microsphere or microbead is typically dispersed in another medium such as an adhesive or primer or at an interface between two layers.
• thermoexpandable microcapsules According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a composition comprising an adhesive agent and dispersed therein thermoexpandable microcapsules.
• microcapsule is intended to include a microsphere or microbead.
• the microcapsules each comprise a shell which encapsulates at least one expandable gas or volatile expandable agent or an explosive material.
• the shell is composed of a polymer or other suitable material.
• the adhesive agent is a urethane or polyurethane or polyvinylchloride or a MS polymer.
• thermoexpandable capsules are microspheres or hollow fibres in the form of a powder of specific range of dimensions and properties.
• the powder can be provided with the adhesive agent in a pre-mixed form in a container or the powder can be introduced into and mixed with the adhesive or one component of it at a point of exit from a dispensing device i.e. the composition can be formed as a pre-mix or at the time of, or shortly before, its use.
• a dispensing device can be followed by a static mixer suitably lubricated at the point of exit of the composition for optimal blending.
• the composition additionally comprises a fast cure agent or catalyst, whereby the adhesive composition is rapidly cured or set.
• the composition comprises a colouring agent so that the cured composition is black.
• Reference herein to cure is intended to mean the hardening or setting of the adhesive mixture, the hardening or setting can be either chemically or non-chemically enhanced.
• the microcapsules encapsulate more than one material, ideally the material is selected from the group consisting of an expanding agent, an agent capable of sublimation, water, an explosive material or an activator agent.
• the activator agents are capable of foaming or of shrinkage.
• the present invention includes the simultaneous use of microcapsules encapsulating a variety of different agents, either separately or in combination.
• the additional microcapsules are activated by the breaking or permeation of the polymer shell whereby their contents are released so as to interact with the adhesive mix. Their activation is as a result of specified applied conditions and thus is controllable.
• Microspheres do not break/fracture their shells in the expanding state maintaining their integrity, so that an activated composition comprises intact expanded microspheres and microcapsules which have released their contents into the matrix composition.
• the expanding agent inside the capsule is capable of activating a foaming process of the adhesive composition and that the agent capable of sublimation is to allow the composition to expand under certain specified conditions. Both these processes will occur after the breakage/fracture of he microcapsule shell and thus contribute to facilitating lifting and ease of removing fixed glazing.
• the inclusion of water in the microcapsules is to allow the adhesive composition to weaken in certain conditions and the presence of an activator agent is to crosslink or polymerise the adhesive composition whereby shrinkage occurs and the adhesive composition weakens.
• the microsphere' s diameter is in the range 10 to 120 ⁇ m.
• the microcapsule shell thickness is in the range 3 to 7 ⁇ m.
• the composition comprises microcapsules in the range of 1-30% by volume, and more preferably in the range of 2- 10% by volume.
• the composition is activated by heat wherein the heat activation range is 80-170° C and ideally 120-150° C.
• the composition is composed of a mixture of microcapsules of different diameter or shell thickness or of differing heat activation temperatures or different suitable expanding coefficients.
• the temperature of a vehicle windscreen can reach over 100°C in natural soak conditions.
• the heat activation of the microcapsules in the composition of the invention needs to be in excess of any natural temperatures that may occur whilst being below those that could damage a vehicle dashboard trim or paint-work.
• the composition of the invention will have application in many fields and many diverse climates hence the composition may be provided with selected heat activation ranges depending on its intended use and/or country of use for both kinds of microcapsule: the expanding microspheres and the microcapsules with breakable shells.
• the adhesive composition microcapsule heat activation range would be in the region of 80-100 °C, whilst for the majority of automotive glazing the microcapsule heat activation range would be in the region of 120-150° C.
• a user may require microcapsules capable of releasing a curing agent and/or an activator agent capable of shrinkage.
• Heat activation of the microcapsules causes the beads/fibres to thermoexpand thus creating pressure along the rim of glazing. This in effect reduces the viscosity and the shear or tear stress of the adhesive material.
• heat activation or expansion of the microcapsules reduces the cohesive stress and/or interfacial adhesive bonding of the adhesive film between two bonded surfaces, typically the frame and glass layers. The reduction in either cohesive stress and interfacial adhesion, or both together, contribute to reduce failure stress so as to facilitate removal of the glued glazing from the frame once the microcapsules have expanded at the specific temperature range and range of time, typically no more than 5 minutes.
• compositions of the present invention thus allows removal of glued glazing by virtue of a reduction in chemical and/or physical bonding of the adhesion at the interface between the adhesive and the two bonded surfaces (glass and frame surfaces).
• adhesion failure can only occur at the interface of the two bonded surfaces due to the effect of the expanded microcapsules.
• the reduction in cohesive forces of the adhesive material and the bonding at interface between material and layers in addition to the expansion of the adhesive material itself results in the loosening of the whole of the adhesion of the glazing to a frame so that a windscreen or glazing can be easily lifted up and removed therefrom.
• thermoexpandable microcapsules as a glazing adhesive.
• the composition further includes any one or more of the features herein before described.
• a composition comprising a primer and dispersed therein thermoexpandable microcapsules.
• the composition further includes any one or more of the features herein before described.
• thermoexpandable microcapsules as a glazing adhesive.
• composition further includes any one or more of the features herein before described.
• the invention also includes the use of microcapsules when applied directly to a glazing face and/or body of a vehicle.
• a method of installing and/or replacing a vehicle windscreen or fixed glazing comprising the steps of: (i) placing a windscreen flush against a window aperture rim of a vehicle,
• the method of installation involves steps i-iii whilst in another aspect the method of replacement involves steps iv-v.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Priority Applications (12)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=10854522

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (20)

Cited By (15)

Families Citing this family (14)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 1999
  • 1999-06-02 GB GBGB9912694.8A patent/GB9912694D0/en not_active Ceased
• 2000
  • 2000-05-26 CZ CZ20014260A patent/CZ20014260A3/cs unknown
  • 2000-05-26 TR TR2001/03487T patent/TR200103487T2/xx unknown
  • 2000-05-26 AU AU49402/00A patent/AU4940200A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-05-26 RU RU2001132628/04A patent/RU2265636C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-05-26 PL PL00352210A patent/PL352210A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-05-26 WO PCT/GB2000/002059 patent/WO2000075254A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2000-05-26 DE DE60019109T patent/DE60019109T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-05-26 PT PT00931451T patent/PT1185594E/pt unknown
  • 2000-05-26 KR KR1020017015343A patent/KR100696436B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-05-26 JP JP2001502525A patent/JP2003501544A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-05-26 CN CNB008083967A patent/CN1192070C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-05-26 ES ES00931451T patent/ES2239007T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-05-26 HU HU0202982A patent/HUP0202982A2/hu unknown
  • 2000-05-26 AT AT00931451T patent/ATE292168T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-05-26 HK HK02106741.7A patent/HK1047446B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-05-26 EP EP00931451A patent/EP1185594B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-05-26 GB GB0127411A patent/GB2365431B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-05-26 BR BRPI0011128-7A patent/BR0011128B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-05-26 MX MXPA01012504A patent/MXPA01012504A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2001
  • 2001-11-29 ZA ZA200109817A patent/ZA200109817B/xx unknown

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Non-Patent Citations (2)

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