WO2000040074A1 - Materiaux pour plantation - Google Patents

Materiaux pour plantation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000040074A1
WO2000040074A1 PCT/JP2000/000003 JP0000003W WO0040074A1 WO 2000040074 A1 WO2000040074 A1 WO 2000040074A1 JP 0000003 W JP0000003 W JP 0000003W WO 0040074 A1 WO0040074 A1 WO 0040074A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
moss
genus
plants
plant
roots
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2000/000003
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
WO2000040074A6 (fr
Inventor
Mitsuharu Shimura
Minoru Takeda
Original Assignee
Mitsuharu Shimura
Minoru Takeda
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/JP1999/004706 external-priority patent/WO2000011932A1/fr
Application filed by Mitsuharu Shimura, Minoru Takeda filed Critical Mitsuharu Shimura
Priority to AU18050/00A priority Critical patent/AU1805000A/en
Publication of WO2000040074A6 publication Critical patent/WO2000040074A6/fr
Publication of WO2000040074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000040074A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor

Definitions

  • the above-mentioned greening substrate is to be a solid substrate that can be used for a certain period of time, it is necessary to sew the substrate plane in a grid pattern, etc. I can't deny the obstruction.
  • Greening products using moss plants are important in aiming to improve the natural environment, so natural resources can be used without using artificial power such as electric power in the production process as much as possible. It is preferable that the product is a product, in combination with the problem of the manufacturing cost described in (1) above.
  • the present inventor has conducted intensive studies for solving this problem. As a result, they have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using the phenomenon of root swelling due to plant roots for immobilizing moss plants, and completed the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a greening material (hereinafter, referred to as a planting material) in which one or more moss plants arranged in a canopy are fixed to each other in a canopy by the vegetation of another plant. , which will be referred to as the greening material).
  • a planting material in which one or more moss plants arranged in a canopy are fixed to each other in a canopy by the vegetation of another plant. , which will be referred to as the greening material).
  • “fixation by rooting (fixing with roots)” is specifically a fixing phenomenon in which the roots form the rooting surface, and the moss is formed by forming the roots. It means that the plant is fixed.
  • the “rooting surface” is a planar structure consisting of roots, so-called a nonwoven fabric, which can be formed in a state where the elongation of plant roots to the lower part is restricted.
  • a) macroscopically, moss plants are captured by the entire rooted surface, and b) microscopically, the root hairs forming the rooted surface are Only by directly contacting and capturing the moss plant will the desired rooting re-fixation be provided.
  • Root exudates are also considered to contribute to root fixation.
  • the entanglement between the main roots and the lateral roots themselves is considered to hardly contribute to the immobilization of moss plants.
  • the moss plants are fixed in a canopy-like manner by using the rooting due to the vigorous root expansion of "other plants". Since there is no need to actively use electric power, it is possible to overcome the above problems 1 and 3.
  • this material for revegetation also overcomes the above-mentioned problem (1), because moss plants that have already grown to a certain extent can be immobilized in a colony and the immobilized moss plants can be used as they are for revegetation. It is possible.
  • greening does not necessarily indicate “green” in color, but means that the environment is improved by the presence of moss plants. Therefore, the color of the moss plant used is not necessarily limited to “green”. Also, it does not mean that the construction site of the greening material must always be kept green.
  • the term "community-like” does not necessarily mean only the so-called pine state in which moss plants grow and form in the natural world, but the moss plants gather together in some form in a united manner. It is a concept that encompasses all the states in which you are doing.
  • the term “canopy-like” also refers to a state in which moss plants that have a total length of 2 to 3 mm in the early stage of development gather together in a united state.
  • the present invention and this prior art seem to have a common aspect in that moss plants are brought into a certain unity by utilizing roots of plants other than moss plants.
  • these two technologies are completely different technologies.
  • the decisive difference is that, as described above, in the present invention, the moss plant captures the roots of other plants that form the rooting surface, particularly the root hairs of the moss plant.
  • the above-mentioned prior art merely supports the moss plant riding on the “rooted nursery” while the moss plant is fixed.
  • the roots of the grasses are connected to the floor soil (in other words, the state in the flower pots where the plants are cured), but the roots are exclusively gravitational torsion.
  • the roots do not come into direct contact with the moss plants sprayed on the upper part of the nursery because they extend toward the lower part of the nursery.
  • the “soil with roots connected” supports the moss plant, and the moss plant is not directly fixed with the root of the plant.
  • soil in the present invention is treated as a concept containing not only “soil” in a narrow sense but also "sand” unless otherwise specified
  • soil is substantially a constituent requirement. Not included as That is, the soil does not need to be actively maintained in order to maintain the moss plant rooting fixation state. Rather, the soil intervening between the root and the moss plant has a negative effect on the moss planting. Will have an effect. Therefore, it is preferable that the soil is substantially removed from the revegetation material. (“Substantially” means that the soil is not actively required to maintain the fixed state of the revegetation material. Therefore, this does not exclude the fact that the soil used in the manufacturing process and the soil particles originally attached to the moss plant remain in the greening material.)
  • the soil is necessary to maintain the “moss plant mass”, so that the weight per unit becomes very heavy, and further, the moss plant portion is directly rooted. Because it is not fixed, moss plants can easily fall off with little force, and soil particles themselves can fall off easily. Thus, it is clear that the above-mentioned conventional technology is different from the present greening material and is very complicated to handle.
  • the present invention is directed to directly fixing a moss plant
  • the above-mentioned conventional technique is based on the assumption that spores of a moss plant are used.
  • the above-mentioned conventional technology merely uses the nursery as a “place” for growing moss plants.
  • spores of moss plants such as Sugigoke moss are transformed into plants by sexual reproduction. Curing to the maximum is an extremely difficult task.
  • the plant will stand up in about a month after the spores are sprayed (at the top right column, page 8, line 8 above).
  • a plant of a moss plant (mainly obtained by vegetative reproduction) obtained by cultivation or the like is directly targeted for rooting and fixation. Completely different.
  • FIG. 1 is a drawing showing one of the basic aspects of the material for greening or the present production method
  • FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an aspect of the present production method using a plate-like body.
  • FIG. 3-11 is a drawing (first half) showing a mode of arranging other plants of the present production method on the surface corresponding to the temporary roots of the moss plants arranged in a canopy;
  • FIG. 3 is a drawing (second half) of the present production method, in which another plant is arranged on a surface corresponding to a temporary root of a bryophyte-arranged moss plant;
  • FIG. 5 is a drawing showing an embodiment of the present production method suitable for application to a moss plant belonging to axillary moss or a moss plant having a total length of several millimeters;
  • FIG. 6 is a drawing showing one of the basic aspects of the material or the present manufacturing method;
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the present manufacturing method using a mesh body; That is, it is a drawing showing one embodiment of putting soil at the bottom of the formwork;
  • FIG. 6 shows a temporary production of a moss plant in which another plant is arranged in a canopy in the production method using a reticulated body.
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing an embodiment in which the components are arranged on a surface corresponding to a root;
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing the present production method in an embodiment in which members such as bricks are used in combination;
  • FIG. Fig. 10 is a drawing showing a manufacturing process of the thick green material for vegetation utilizing gravity tropism; Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a comparatively thin book.
  • Fig. 12 is a drawing showing the manufacturing process utilizing the gravity tropism of greening materials; Fig. 12 is an enlarged sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 11; Fig. 13 is fixing moss plants in a straight line;
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the present production method according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a drawing simply showing a process of fixing the present greening material into a desired shape
  • FIG. 16 is a drawing showing a container of a water-absorbing polymer
  • FIG. 17 is a view showing an embodiment in which the material for greening is constructed using a water-absorbing polymer
  • FIG. 18 is a drawing showing the material for greening provided with a portion where bonding and fixing are planned in advance.
  • Fig. 19 includes the manufacturing process
  • Fig. 19 shows the concrete surface
  • Fig. 20 is a diagram schematically illustrating a construction method in the case where the material is constructed as a wall material
  • Fig. 20 is a drawing showing an embodiment of a manufacturing process for obtaining a laminate using the material for the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a view showing another embodiment of a manufacturing process for obtaining a laminate using the present greening material
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a case where the present greening material is made of a porous material
  • Fig. 23 is a drawing showing an example of a step of fixing the greenery material
  • Fig. 23 is a drawing showing another example of a step of fixing the greening material to a porous material.
  • This greening material is a greening material that uses one or more moss plants.
  • moss plants that can be used in this greening material moss plants that are native to nature can be used as they are.
  • the plant length is a certain length, specifically, 2-3 cm or more (the upper limit is particularly up to the maximum of the plant length of the moss plant. (Not limited) can be used.
  • the moss plants that can be used in the present invention can use those obtained by cultivation, and it is preferable that the lengths of the moss plants to be fixed in a canopy are approximately the same. It is preferable to use this cultivated moss plant.
  • a culture method using a so-called culture method for example, "Plant Biotechnology II", Tokyo Kagaku Dojin: Hyundai Kagaku. It is also possible to use “moss”. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a moss plant obtained by a cultivation method using a base layer described in JP-A-4-288089.
  • the moss plant is subjected to, for example, a treatment for maintaining the preservability of the moss plant, for example, a polyhydric alcohol treatment, a silicone treatment, or the like, and it is confirmed that the moss plant can be used in the present invention.
  • a treatment for maintaining the preservability of the moss plant for example, a polyhydric alcohol treatment, a silicone treatment, or the like.
  • the inventor recognizes (although the moss plant itself can be alive or dead by this treatment, even if water is used, even if a dead moss plant that cannot perform any vital activity can be used, the purpose of environmental recovery can be improved. It is difficult to achieve it satisfactorily).
  • the bryophytes described above are already known according to the type of bryophytes used in the present invention. Can be cultivated in any way.
  • a desired type of moss plant can be cultivated.
  • moss plants once grown on pallets or moss plants that grow naturally in the natural world, so that they can be sown on the ground and cultivated. In this case, it is preferable to remove dirt such as sand from the moss plant and disperse the soil efficiently on the ground.
  • the moss plant before washing can be once washed with water and subjected to gentle centrifugation.
  • a series of washing processes for moss plants can be performed according to the usual washing-rinse (washing process) ⁇ dehydration (slow centrifugal process) process of washing performed at home.
  • Washing with water can be done by hand, but it is more efficient to use mechanical power such as a household or commercial washing machine.
  • this washing treatment is preferably completed after the soil attached to the moss plant has fallen after the washing step and the Z or rinsing step.
  • a washing machine for home use has a washing time of about 10 minutes.
  • the washing time depends on the machine used for washing, the washing strength, and the type of force applied in washing (for example, other than normal rotation force). If a stirring force or the like with a stirring rod or the like is added to the above, the washing time can be shortened), and the time should be appropriately selected, and the time should not be restricted to the time of 10 minutes.
  • the slow centrifugation is preferably terminated when the moss plant is almost dehydrated.
  • the specific rotation speed of the centrifugal treatment is approximately the same as that of a home-use laundry dewatering machine, and more specifically, is preferably about 500 to 150 rotations / minute. Not something. In general, a low rotation speed requires a lot of centrifugation time, and a high rotation speed requires a small centrifugation time, but an excessively high rotation speed damages the moss plant itself. It is not preferable because there is a possibility of it.
  • the centrifugal processing time is preferably about 3 minutes in the case of the processing at the above rotation speed.
  • the centrifugal processing time should be appropriately selected depending on the machine used, the centrifugal strength, etc., and the time of 3 minutes Should not be bound by.
  • the washed moss plants obtained in this way can be spread evenly on the ground and sown by ordinary sieving methods.
  • This sieving method may be sieving by human power or sieving by mechanical force such as a vibrator.
  • a movable device such as a tractor is provided with a sieving function, and the moss plants are sieved while the tractor or the like is self-propelled.
  • Moss plants can be sown evenly and efficiently in the area.
  • moss plants There are two types of moss plants that can be used for this greening material: bryophytes belonging to the top moss, where the plant grows upright, and moss plants belonging to the axillary moss, where the plant grows along the ground surface. it can.
  • bryophytes belonging to the bryophytes include bryophytes belonging to the following genera.
  • bryophytes belonging to the genus Shimofurigo are preferably used from the viewpoint of their availability and ease of handling.
  • the bryophytes belonging to the axillary moss there are genus Lingula, Lingula, Nazegoke, Peafowl, Lymnaea serrata, Helicoptera spp., Singa moss, Iparagoke, Ibogoke, and Kisshiboke.
  • Genus bryophyte genus Iran, genus Ivan genus genus, genus chinui, genus Hizotoshino, genus Echinacea, genus Echinacea, genus Coleoptera, genus Coleoptera, genus Genus, genus Genus, genus Genus, genus Genus Genus Genus genus, genus genus, genus genus, genus sycamoreus, genus genus genus, genus genus genus, genus chinensis, genus genus, genus genus genus, genus genus genus, genus genus, genus genus, genus genus, genus genus Genus Lymnaea, Lymnaea genus, Hyno genus moss, Toran genus genus, Mudina moss
  • the above-mentioned bryophytes can be used alone or in combination of one or more moss plants as well as a single type of bryophytes used in the material for greening.
  • moss plants with intentionally different properties such as moss plants that prefer sunlight and moss plants that prefer shade, are used in the material for greening.
  • this greening material is also possible to use this greening material as a “transition type greening material” in which moss plants compete with each other.
  • other biological elements such as plant materials such as seeds and seedlings of seed plants, spores of spore plants, etc. are incorporated into the planting material by embedding, and the planting material is cured under conditions where other plant elements can grow. By doing so, it is possible to utilize other plant elements that have been incorporated together with the moss plant in the greening material.
  • insects insects and arachnids
  • larvae small animals such as earthworms and other animal elements such as eggs are incorporated into the material for revegetation so that insects and small animals can actively settle in. It is also possible to provide an environment that has been renewed with this greening material.
  • the revegetation material is used to fix the moss plants to the above-mentioned moss plants by forming the roots of other non-renewable plants to the roots and fixing them. It is a material for greening.
  • the “other plants” that can be used in the present revegetation material are not particularly limited as long as they can at least root themselves.
  • Plants belonging to the family Poaceae such as P. japonicus, Enoco logosa and Sparrow, and plants belonging to the family Caparidaceae, such as california; Weeds such as Rosa, Inuyu-de, Hakobe and Suberihu can be preferably used.
  • non-renewable state means that the roots of other plants are not performing vital activities and can no longer be regenerated by means such as supplying water.
  • the material for revegetation is based on the fact that the roots of other plants have become non-renewable. However, even if the roots of other plants are in a state in which they cannot be regenerated and are not necessarily in a state (corresponding to a "fixed plant” described later), it is within the technical scope of the present invention.
  • the inventor recognizes.
  • the canopy-like fixed material can be used as a “semi-finished product” in a state where the roots of other plants can be regenerated.
  • the roots of other plants can be used as live products, with the intention of causing them to die.
  • the greening material can also be sewn supplementarily for the purpose of improving its strength. Such sewing can be performed, for example, on a board plane of the board-shaped material for green planting using a sewing machine or the like in a grid pattern or a diagonal pattern.
  • the sewn material for revegetation is the same as the revegetation substrate disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 1-222-142, and the moss plant is fixed by the rooting of another plant. Sewing differs in that it is not necessarily required and is merely an auxiliary measure. That is, the greening substrate described in the above-mentioned publication is fundamentally different from the technology of the present invention in which sewing is used as an essential means for fixing moss plants, and rooting of other plants is an essential means. Technology.
  • This revegetation material with such a composition is a surprising feature not found in other plants, such as the ability of moss plants to regenerate life activity many times by supplying water, even once dried. It is a greening material that can be manufactured by making the most of it.
  • the method for producing the above-mentioned greening material hereinafter referred to as the present production method
  • the roots of the other plants can be reduced. While growing, the above-mentioned moss plant forms a root-covered surface, thereby fixing the moss plant in a canopy state, and then making other plants non-renewable, thereby making the material for revegetation possible. Can be mentioned.
  • the means for arranging the bryophytes in a colony is not particularly limited.
  • cultivated moss or wild moss, and furthermore, cultured moss, etc. It is also possible to arrange the moss by pressing it into the formwork while making contact with the moss, and use the moss plant cultivated in the formwork in a canopy form as ⁇ moss plant arranged in the canopy '' as it is be able to.
  • the term “community” used in the present invention means a state where moss plants are growing in a cluster, but it is preferable that the selected moss plants are in a state similar to a state where the moss plants are growing in the natural world.
  • moss belonging to the above As for plants it is preferable that the plants of the bryophytes are standing up while touching each other on their sides, and for the bryophytes belonging to “armpit moss”, the plants of the moss plants are preferably It is preferable that the side surfaces are in contact with each other and along the ground surface.
  • form means a member provided with a frame capable of locking moss plants arranged in a canopy state so that the canopy state can be maintained as it is.
  • a typical formwork there is a pallet usually used for moss cultivation, in which a hole for draining water is sometimes provided in the bottom of the middle dish.
  • the shape of the greening material can be variously set by variously selecting the shape of the mold. For example, by providing irregularities on the shape of the bottom of the mold, it is possible to provide irregularities on the bottom of the present greening material.
  • “other plants” represented by the above-described weeds and cereal plants are further arranged on the moss plants arranged in the canopy shape.
  • the aspect of the “other plant” as a plant can be appropriately selected depending on the aspect of the present production method and the like. Even if the seed of the “other plant” is a seedling, Also may be in a form that has grown to some extent.
  • the mode of arrangement of the “other plant” is that the roots of the other plant elongate to form a rooted surface and come into contact with the moss plant, and the moss plant is fixed by the other plant.
  • the embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is performed.
  • the upper part of a moss plant arranged in a canopy (the top of a moss plant in the case of a moss of apex),
  • the moss plant can be transformed into a canopy-like form by arranging the seeds of other plants at appropriate intervals.
  • Seeds, etc. are preferably arranged as densely as possible. More specifically, the distance between seeds, etc. is preferably less than 5 cm, especially It is preferable that the distance be 5 cm or more, because when the distance is 5 cm or more, it becomes more difficult to sufficiently fix the foundation in a short period of time. , It seems that the spacing of other plants is coarse, Re is only displayed as a schematic diagram, it indicates that this arrangement interval is rough It is not something.)
  • moss plants especially soil particles attached to the temporary roots, have been removed as much as possible by means such as washing with water. If soil particles are present between the roots of other plants and the bryophytes, the degree of fixation by rooting is significantly reduced.
  • the mode of curing mentioned here can be selected mainly according to the ecology of other plants that elongate the roots.
  • the weeds exemplified above when selected as other plants, it can be easily cured by watering at regular intervals and securing a certain amount of sunshine.
  • a well-known curing method can be used according to the properties of the selected cereal plant.
  • moss plants have the characteristic of resuming life activity many times by watering them again even if they are dry. It is enough to consider ecology.
  • moss plants and other plants It is preferable to set curing conditions that are as suitable as possible for both.
  • the method of elongating the roots at the time of rooting can be appropriately selected from existing methods, utilizing various properties of the roots against light, gravity, water, various plant hormones, etc., and is particularly limited. It is not something to be done.
  • solid culture such as sand culture, grave I culture, charcoal cultivation (top watering method, pouring method, liquid level vertical method), urethane cultivation, rockwool cultivation (rockwool culture)
  • Medium culture Non-water culture (water level up / down method, reflux method, aeration method, dropping method, injection method, etc.), hydroponics, spray culture (spray method, circulation type, etc.)
  • a solid cultivation method or the like can be selected.
  • a method using the gravitropism of a plant is simple and useful.
  • Means for changing the direction in which gravity is applied to the roots of the plant are not particularly limited, but typically, the greening material is produced in the manufacturing process, specifically, the roots of other plants are at least After extending to the opposite side of the canopy surface of the moss plant once arranged in the canopy, the fixed material for greening during production is inverted. At least once the roots of other plants do not extend to the opposite side, the entire moss plant arranged in the canopy cannot be firmly fixed.
  • the fixed body can be easily inverted by removing the plant parts of the roots of other plants (specifically, stems and leaves) before inverting the fixed body. Is possible.
  • the step of growing other plants and fixing the roots can be performed in a closed growth system.
  • the growth system is sealed with an air-tight vinyl sheet or the like, and preferably, the humidity of the closed system is improved by introducing water particles by spraying or the like.
  • the humidity of the closed system is improved by introducing water particles by spraying or the like.
  • a sheet-like member such as a vinyl sheet, especially a It is preferable to spread “permeable water separation sheet”.
  • This “permeable root water separation sheet” is a sheet that has the property of ensuring penetration of water but not penetrating the roots. By laying this sheet on the bottom of the pallet, it is possible to spread the sheet. Water and nutrients can penetrate from the bottom and be secured in the moss plant community, and even if the roots of other plants elongate, the moss plant community will not grow up, It is possible to prevent the layers of plant communities from penetrating as they are.
  • This “permeable permeate separation sheet” is already commercially available, and specific examples include Cosmo Amgrass and Germ Guard (both manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.). Wear.
  • the roots of other plants can be transferred to this part. Can be more reliably extended. That is, it is possible to cure the roots of other plants with the water secured by the water-absorbing polymer, guide the roots in a certain direction, and extend them toward the position where the water-absorbing polymer is arranged.
  • the water-absorbing polymer exhibiting this water releasing action include various N-vinylacetamide-based polymers manufactured by Showa Denko KK (trade names: GX-205, NA-01) 0, NA—300, GE—191, etc.)].
  • Various fertilizers and rooting promoters can be used to promote root elongation of other plants.
  • biological fertilizers containing biological elements such as mycorrhizal fungi have a relatively slow effect on the relative environment. Therefore, when fertilizers are used, it is one of the preferable to select them.
  • a moss plant can be fixed in a canopy form by the “other plants” rooting, and a canopy-like moss-fixed material (hereinafter, also referred to as a canopy-fixed material) can be produced.
  • the roots of the above-mentioned canopy-like fixed material “other plants” have been used to further reinforce the fixation.
  • the degree of fixation of the moss plant community by the plant root can be improved.
  • the first other plant and the second other plant may be the same plant or different plants.
  • moss plants are arranged on top of the moss plants arranged in a canopy shape, and the process of fixing the moss plants by their roots does not go through the process of fixing the moss plants on the bottom of the moss plants arranged in the canopy shape.
  • moss plants belonging to axillary moss or moss with a total length of a few millimeters are relatively difficult to fix moss plants sufficiently only by rooting other plants from one direction. It is preferable when a plant is selected and fixed.
  • the means for rendering only other plants unreproducible are particularly limited as long as only moss plants are utilized and the life activity of other plants alone is irreversibly cut off. is not.
  • drying the canopy-like fixed material over time with the sun or the like can be mentioned.
  • other plants that have fixed the moss plant will die, their life activities will be irreversibly stopped, and the plant will be unable to regenerate.
  • such other plants are turned into fibers, and the fibers derived from the roots of the other plants fix the moss plants in a colony.
  • root hairs that capture moss plants become key-like when dried, and the ability to capture the moss plants is further improved.
  • the material for greening is produced.
  • the step of making only the other plants unreproducible may be performed before or after removing the aerial parts of the other plants.
  • the first and second other plants are usually rendered non-renewable after the first and second other plants have been rooted in the moss plant. After the moss plant is rooted and fixed with the first other plant, the first plant is rendered non-renewable, and the moss plant is rooted and fixed with the second other plant. It is also possible to make the second plant unrenewable
  • moss plants arranged in communities Laminate the mesh (the material is not particularly limited as long as there is a stitch that can penetrate the roots of other plants), and entangle the roots of the other plants with the moss plant in this mesh.
  • Lamination can be performed by disposing a moss plant on a net, by arranging a net on a moss plant, or the like. In this way, it is possible to produce a greening material in which the net is incorporated by laminating the net to the moss plant and tangling the net with the roots of other plants. it can.
  • the other moss plant is arranged along the root so that the root extends in the direction of the bryophyte community.
  • the plate-like body laminated and fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the moss plants arranged in a community is not particularly limited, and a material having sufficient rigidity to uniformly suppress the moss plants,
  • a plate-shaped body such as a plastic plate, a plate material, and a metal plate can be used. It is preferable that a plurality of pores are provided on the entire surface of the plate-like body so that the moss plant can sufficiently perform gas exchange.
  • a gas-exchangeable sheet is placed on the side other than the side where the moss is planted, in order to prevent the roots of other plants described below from deviating from the bryophyte community. It is possible.
  • a sheet may be the above-mentioned “permeable permeate separation sheet”, but may be a relatively fine mesh sheet or a vinyl sheet.
  • the fixing means for fixing the laminated body of the plate-like body and the moss-like moss plant laminated as described above is not particularly limited. Can be mentioned.
  • another plant is arranged along at least one side of the moss plant such that the root extends in the direction of the moss plant community, and the root of the other plant is elongated. Then, the above-mentioned moss plant is rooted and fixed.
  • the manner in which the roots of the other plants are elongated is substantially the same as the above-described method, but in another embodiment of the present production method, the above-mentioned laminate is placed so that the side on which the other plants are arranged is positioned on the upper side. Without any special operation, other plants can sense the gravity and elongate the roots very efficiently downward, that is, toward the entire surface of the moss plant in the above-mentioned laminate, By cultivating the moss plant, the moss plant can be fixed in a community.
  • another plant (second other plant) is similarly placed on the other side of the moss plant of the laminate. Then, by positioning the other side on the upper side, the moss plant can be fixed with rootings from other directions, and the strength of fixing the moss plants with other plants can be improved. it can.
  • the moss plant is fixed in a canopy by the roots of other plants, and then the plate-like body is removed to obtain a canopy-fixed material.
  • moss plants in this revegetation material, other plants are fixed in such a way that moss plants cannot be regenerated and the root hairs of the roots that form the roots are caught. . And even if you supply water and nutrients, other plants do not live again. Therefore, there is almost no risk that the weeds will contaminate the greening material after the application or the like by other plants used in the manufacturing process of the greening material.
  • moss plants once dried, can resume their vital activities by supplying water even if they are once dried, contributing to the desired greening of the environment. When supplied, moss plants swell, so they are However, the degree of fixation of this moss plant is further improved).
  • the root exudes its components to the outside, and the adhesion of the exuded component to the moss plant further enhances the degree of fixing of the moss plant to the moss plant. are doing.
  • the moss plant is also captured and fixed by the rooted surface itself.
  • the construction site of this material for greening is not particularly limited as long as the environment is intended for greening.
  • it can be constructed on slopes such as dams, roads and river banks, and concrete surfaces such as garbage disposal sites.
  • the type of moss plant used is preferably selected according to the environment in which it is constructed. For example, it is preferable to select a moss plant that prefers sunshine if the construction site has a lot of sunshine, and conversely, a moss plant that prefers shade if the amount of construction is small (in order to avoid the complexity of this selection, for example,
  • the material for revegetation can be of the “transition type” described above.)
  • the construction method is not particularly limited.
  • an adhesive composed of a component that does not adversely affect the growth of the moss plant for example, an adhesive using a silicone-based adhesive, urethane foam, or the like
  • the adhesive used is used. Even if the moss plant has some adverse effect on its growth, such an adhesive can be used if the moss plant is in a dry state (suspended state) at the time of construction. In this case, after the application, after the adhesive has dried and the volatile components that adversely affect the growth of the moss plant have been sufficiently lost, water the moss plant used as the material for revegetation.
  • the present greening material it is possible to use a moss plant that has grown sufficiently, and therefore, the present inventor has compared the moss plant after construction with the moss plant that has been conventionally produced. Is very easy to manage.
  • the revegetation material 10 according to the first embodiment is obtained by adding moss plants to the moss plants 11 arranged in a canopy by the roots of other non-renewable plants 1 2 1. It is a board-like (mat-like) greening material that is fixed in a canopy shape.
  • the greening material 10 can be manufactured, for example, according to the process 1.
  • the figure showing the process 1 is a cross-sectional view at each stage of manufacturing the material 10 for greening.
  • step 1 the moss plants 11 are arranged vertically in the middle plate-shaped form 13 so that the temporary roots of the moss plant are located at the bottom of the form 13. , It is held in a colony.
  • other germinating plants 1 2 other plants may be in the form of seeds
  • the mold 13 set in such a form is left on the ground 14 to cure the moss plant 11 and the other plants 12 together.
  • step 1 2 the roots 12 1 of the other plants 12 are rooted on the moss plant 11 on which the roots 12 1 of the other plants 12 are arranged in a canopy on the entire bottom surface of the formwork 13. And It is a canopy-like state and is fixed by roots 1 2 1.
  • the moss plant 11 fixed to the colony is removed from the form 13 by the vegetation of the root 12 1 of another plant, and the plant is further dried.
  • the greening material 10 is produced by making the roots 12 1 of the plant of the present invention non-renewable. Note that, on the upper surface of the present greenery material 10, the portion indicated by 123 is a cut surface of another plant 12 that has become unreproducible.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a step (1C) of another embodiment of the method for producing a greening material 10 of the present invention.
  • Another embodiment of the production method is a moss plant arranged in a canopy, wherein the moss plant arranged in a canopy has a top surface and a bottom surface laminated and fixed at plate-like bodies 1 and 1.
  • the other moss plant 1 2 is arranged along at least one side of the object such that its root 1 2 1 extends in the direction of the moss plant 1 1 1 community, and the moss plant 1 1.
  • a method for producing the material 10 for revegetation wherein a rooting surface is formed in 1 and the moss plant 11 is fixed in a canopy state, and thereafter, only the other plants 12 are made non-renewable. You.
  • step ⁇ circle around (C) ⁇ the moss plants 11 arranged in the canopy are fixed by the locking metal members 18 with the upper surface and the lower surface sandwiched between the plate-shaped members 1 and 1 ′, respectively. Then, one side of the stack of the moss-like moss-like plant and the plate-like body is selected, and another plant 12 is planted on the side.
  • the moss plant 11 and the other plant 12 were cured with one side having the other plant 12 planted facing upward.
  • This curing is preferably performed by bringing the entire laminate into contact with the soil except for the other plants 12 (for example, burying the entire laminate in the soil while putting out the other plants 12 on the ground, Similarly, there can be mentioned a method of covering the laminated body with soil, etc.).
  • Process 1 C2 shows the stage when this curing is completed ing.
  • 1 C2 a is a view of the entire cured laminate
  • 1 C2 b is a cut of the cured laminate in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the moss plants 11 are growing. It is a cut surface.
  • the root 21 of the other plant 12 extends in the direction of the side surface facing the one side surface of the laminate.
  • step 1C3 the other side adjacent to the one side of the laminate is turned upward, and another plant 12 ′ is planted on the other side (step 1C3).
  • the moss plant 11 and the other plant 1 2 ′ are cured (the curing method is the same as the above-mentioned method of contacting the soil with the laminated body), and the roots of the other plants 12 are cured. 1 'in the direction of the side facing the other side.
  • Process 1 C4 shows the stage where this curing is completed.
  • 1C4a is an overall view of the cured laminate
  • 1C4b is a cut of the cured laminate in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the moss plants 11 are growing. It is a cut surface.
  • the root 12 21 ′ of the other plant 12 ′ extends in the direction of the side facing the other side of the laminate.
  • the roots 1 2 1 of the other plant 1 2 and the roots 1 2 1 ′ of the other plant 1 2 ′ are rooted while crossing vertically in the stack, and the moss plant 1 1 can be firmly rooted and fixed in a community.
  • Fig. 3 (Figs. 3-11 and 3-2) is a drawing showing a step (1D) of still another embodiment of the method of manufacturing the material 10 for revegetation.
  • step 1 D1 the moss plant 11 in a canopy shape is placed in a mold 13 (with a hole in the mold 13) with its temporary roots facing upwards. Arrange while maintaining the shape.
  • step 1D2 another plant 12 is arranged on the temporary roots of the moss plants 11 arranged in a community with the temporary roots facing upward.
  • the embankment 18 is put on the placed other plant 12 to cure the moss plant 11 and the other plant 12 (process 1D3). In this curing process, the roots of other plants 1 2
  • the moss plant 11 fixed in a canopy form is removed from the formwork ⁇ 3 (step 1D 5), and the plant part is turned upward, preferably a part corresponding to the above-ground part of another plant 12 Prior to or after this excision, the moss plant 11 fixed in the canopy is dried, and the roots 1 2 1 of other plants are made non-renewable, so that this greening can be achieved.
  • Material 10 is manufactured (process ⁇ D6).
  • the greening material 20 of the second embodiment forms a rooting surface in the moss plant 21 arranged in a canopy-like manner with the roots 22 of other plants in a non-renewable state.
  • This is a greening material in which moss plants 21 are rooted and fixed in a canopy shape in connection with the reticulated body 2 layered in the greening material.
  • the other moss plants 2 2 are placed on the moss plants 2 ⁇ ⁇ arranged in a community on the reticulated body 27, and the moss plants 1 1 and the other plants 2 2 are cured.
  • the roots 22 1 of the other plants 22 are elongated to form a rooted surface, and are entangled in the reticulated body 2 laid on the community of the moss plants 2 1.
  • the other plant 2 2 is made non-renewable. Process.
  • one or more reticulated bodies 2 are stacked and arranged on the entire bottom surface of the mold 13 while being in contact with the entire bottom surface, but in other respects according to the above-described step 1.
  • Manufacture material 20 for this greening is stacked and arranged on the entire bottom surface of the mold 13 while being in contact with the entire bottom surface, but in other respects according to the above-described step 1.
  • step 2C As an embodiment of the method for producing the present greening material 20 other than the step 2, the embodiment shown in a step 2C shown in FIG. 6 can be mentioned.
  • soil 28 is put directly on the bottom of the form 23, and the reticulated body 27 and the moss plant 21 are stacked on top of it, and other plants 22 are planted thereon.
  • This is a step of promoting rooting of other plant's roots 221 by nutrients and moisture in the soil at the bottom of (3).
  • step 2 C ⁇ moss plant 21 is placed on top of this net 2 in a form 23 in which soil 28 is placed at the bottom, and This is the process of placing the plants in a canopy shape.
  • step 2C2 another plant 22 is planted on the upper part of the moss plant 21 placed in a canopy form on the mold 23 and cured.
  • the roots 2 21 are pushed in from the direction of the arrow to secure the rooting surface on the lower surface of the mesh body 27, and furthermore, fix the rooting of the moss plant 21 By drying the material to make the roots 22 1 of other plants non-renewable, the material 20 for revegetation is produced.
  • another plant 22 is placed at the bottom of the community of the moss plant 21 arranged in a canopy and cured, so that the roots of this other plant 22 1
  • the moss plant 21 is entangled with the reticulated body 2 laid on the bottom of the community of the moss plant 21, thereby fixing the moss plant 21 in a canopy shape and then cultivating other plants.
  • This is a method for producing the present greening material 20, which renders only 22 unreproducible.
  • This step 2D force is different from the above-mentioned step 1D in that the moss plant 21 in a canopy shape is placed in a form 23 with its temporary roots facing upward (a hole is formed in this form 23). Vacant ), While keeping the colony-like state, stacking the reticulated body 2 on this temporary root, and placing other plants 22 on the reticulated body 2 (Step 2D1).
  • the embankment 28 is put on the placed other plant 22 to cure the moss plant 21 and the other plant 22 (step 2D2).
  • the roots 22 1 of the other plants 22 extend toward the plant part (bottom of the formwork 23) of the bryophyte 21 arranged in the community, and the roots 22 1
  • the moss plant 21 and the reticulated body 27 are rooted, and the moss plant 21 is fixed in a community.
  • the embankment 28 is removed when the roots 22 of other plants have sufficiently formed a rooted surface in the moss plant 21 and the reticulated body 27.
  • the moss plant 21 fixed in a canopy form is removed from the form 23, and the plant part is preferably turned upward, and a part corresponding to the above-ground part of another plant 22 is cut off.
  • the moss plant 21 that has been rooted and fixed in a canopy is dried, and the roots 22 of other plants are made non-renewable, thereby producing the material 20 for revegetation. Is done.
  • step 2D it is particularly preferable to use a moss plant belonging to axillary moss, similarly to the step 1D described above.
  • a member 39 such as a brick-and-rock opening is arranged in a mold 33 which is a mold for arranging moss plants (Fig. 8 (1)). Then, the moss plants 31 are arranged in a colony such that their temporary roots are on the top (Fig. 8 (1)), and a reticulated body 3 is laminated and adhered from above (for example, the member 39 and the mesh It is preferable to apply bonding means such as bonding with the adhesive 391 which does not adversely affect the growth of the plant as much as possible: Fig. 8 (3)).
  • Fig. 11 shows that, instead of the bryophyte moss plant 41 used in Fig. 9, a moss plant 51 of axillary moss is used as a colony in which bryophytes are laid thinly.
  • 1 is a drawing showing a process of manufacturing a thin material for greening 500 using an axillary moss plant through processes corresponding to 1) to (4).
  • a moss plant 51 shows a canopy-like fixed object 50 in which the moss plant 51 is colonized by the rooting of another plant 52.
  • Fig. 11 (2) shows a canopy-like fixed object.
  • 13 is a drawing showing a process of cutting the above-ground portion 522 of another plant 52 in the product 50 to obtain a canopy-shaped fixed product 50 ′.
  • the cycle for the planting material 400 and 500 is "seed of other plants ⁇ fixation of roots by elongating the roots of the same plant (including the above inversion) ⁇ disable regeneration of other plants".
  • the rooting strength can be further improved.
  • this bonding part can secure the thickness of the material for greening and improve the volume of the material when it is bonded to a wall or the like. is there. Further, it is possible to laminate and bond a water-soluble paper or a mesh as a bonding member to the deviated root, and to bond the greening material to a wall surface or the like via the bonding member. .
  • the moss plants are arranged and fixed in a planar shape, but the shape of the greening material is limited to the planar shape as described above. is not.
  • moss plants 61 are linearly arranged in a formwork 63 having a function capable of narrowing and arranging moss plants in a straight line.
  • the moss plant 6 1 is fixed linearly with the root 6 2 1 of the other plant 6 It is also possible to manufacture this greening material 60 (Fig. 13 1).
  • moss plants can be used for each small unit to produce the greening material.
  • the unit 1 of the moss plant (preferably dried), which has been compressed and combined, is applied to an appropriate portion of the reticulated body 77 using an adhesive 79. After the completion of the shape, it is fixedly arranged at regular intervals (Figs. 14 (1) to (3)), and embankment is performed on this. 8 Other plants are planted here (because it is preferable to plant as many as possible. It is preferable to plant the seeds in the form of seeds: Fig. 14 (1), which are cured and laid on the entire reticulated body 7 7 and the small unit 7 1 of the moss plant, and the roots 7 2 1 of the other plants 2 (Fig. 14 1).
  • the revegetation material 70 is provided in a form in which the moss plant 71 fixed by the agent 79 is spread (FIG. 146).
  • FIG. 15 is a drawing simply showing a process of fixing the present greening material to a desired shape.
  • the greening material (including the greening material) 80 in which moss plants are fixed in a colony by the roots of other plants, is replaced with a mold 81 1 (greening material) of a desired shape. It is preferable to have a frame that is slightly smaller than that used for the material 80). Press it in, give water to it, and dry it in that state to obtain a greening shape corresponding to the shape of the mold 81. Material 800 can be obtained.
  • FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 are views showing an embodiment in which the present greening material is constructed using a water-absorbing polymer.
  • a lid 92 having a shape corresponding to an opening of the container 91 is fitted into a cylindrical polymer container 91 having a closed bottom.
  • the lid 92 is provided with a large number of pores 94 having a diameter slightly larger than the particle diameter of the mixture 93 of the water-absorbing polymer to be sprinkled and the sand mixed therewith.
  • the container 90 it is possible to easily apply the water-absorbing polymer to the greening material and the like, as if applying the powdered seasoning.
  • the mixture of sand in mixture 93 has the main purpose of preventing children and the like from ingesting it as a seasoning for food. As long as this is achievable, other means can be used, such as coloring the polymer, applying warning labels on the container, etc. (these measures can be combined).
  • the shape of the container 90 is not limited to the shape shown here, and the material thereof is not limited, and plastic, glass, metal, and the like can be widely used.
  • Fig. 17 shows that the moss plants are planted with the roots of other moss plants. It is a drawing showing a construction process to be performed.
  • the greening material 1000 when the greening material 1000 is fixed to the construction surface 1001 by this method, when dried, the greening material 1000 is firmly adhered to the construction surface 1001 by the dried water-absorbing polymer 93.
  • the greening material 1000 which becomes lighter by drying and easily falls off due to wind, etc., is less likely to fall off.
  • the adhesive force of the water-absorbing polymer 93 is weakened, but the above-mentioned dropout is unlikely to occur due to the weight of the greening material 1000 containing water.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates an example. That is, when the moss plants 1101 are arranged in the mold 1103, the cylindrical mold member 1104, at least a part of which is formed of a mesh material, stands upright in the mold 1103 in the length direction. Then, another plant 1102 is placed and cured on it (Fig. 181), so that the roots of the other plants, together with the moss plants, remove the mesh material of the tubular member 1104. As a result, the tubular member 1104 can be fixed to the main planting material 1100 (Fig. 18 (3)).
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic drawing of the construction method when the material for revegetation is used as a wall material on the concrete surface.
  • a film-like surface 1203 corresponding to the shape of the greening material 1202 is provided on the concrete surface 1201 (the material of this surface 123 is a very thin material, for example, cloth or film). Etc.).
  • a material 1202 for main greening having a corresponding shape is sequentially fitted into the formwork and laminated on a wall surface.
  • the laminated greening material 1202 is fixed to the wall by the surface 1203.
  • a material 1302 for main revegetation is placed in a mold 1301 provided in a vertical direction, a concrete 1303 is poured, and the concrete 1303 is solidified (FIG. 20).
  • a laminated body 1304 in which the desired material for main greening and concrete are laminated is obtained (FIG. 20 (2)).
  • Fig. 22 and Fig. 23 show that moss plants are replanted in a colony-like manner using the roots of other plants to replant greening material, such as a porous material such as a porous block material (stone, Step 3 is a drawing showing an example of a step of immobilizing a material such as a plastic material.
  • a moss plant 1501 is fixed in a colony by the roots 1521 of another plant 1502, and a complex 1500 of the moss plant 1501 and another plant 1502 (the other plant 1502 is renewable).
  • the state of the base is laminated on the porous block material 1503.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à des matériaux pour plantation, dans lesquels une ou plusieurs bryophytes disposées de façon à former des colonies ont été fixées pour former ensemble des colonies, en tirant profit de l'enracinement d'une autre plante. Dans ces matériaux, les bryophytes sont fixées de façon à former des colonies à l'aide de la puissance d'enracinement vigoureuse d'une autre plante, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de recourir à l'électricité, notamment, ce qui permet entre autres d'améliorer la sécurité environnementale et de réduire les coûts de production.
PCT/JP2000/000003 1998-12-31 2000-01-04 Materiaux pour plantation WO2000040074A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU18050/00A AU1805000A (en) 1998-12-31 2000-01-04 Materials for planting

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP37756398 1998-12-31
JP10/377563 1998-12-31
JP11/136472 1999-05-17
JP13647299 1999-05-17
JPPCT/JP99/04706 1999-08-31
PCT/JP1999/004706 WO2000011932A1 (fr) 1998-08-31 1999-08-31 Materiaux vegetaux

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000040074A6 WO2000040074A6 (fr) 2000-07-13
WO2000040074A1 true WO2000040074A1 (fr) 2000-07-13

Family

ID=26470047

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2000/000003 WO2000040074A1 (fr) 1998-12-31 2000-01-04 Materiaux pour plantation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2000040074A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5729217A (en) * 1980-07-26 1982-02-17 Mizumoto Masao Moss cultivation
JPS63143135U (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-21
WO1995017084A1 (fr) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-29 Toshikeikaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd. Dispositif de reverdissement comprenant un bryotphyte, son procede de production et son utilisation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5729217A (en) * 1980-07-26 1982-02-17 Mizumoto Masao Moss cultivation
JPS63143135U (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-21
WO1995017084A1 (fr) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-29 Toshikeikaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd. Dispositif de reverdissement comprenant un bryotphyte, son procede de production et son utilisation

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