WO2000025570A1 - Materiau fixe par exploitation de l'etalement de racines - Google Patents

Materiau fixe par exploitation de l'etalement de racines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2000025570A1
WO2000025570A1 PCT/JP1999/006128 JP9906128W WO0025570A1 WO 2000025570 A1 WO2000025570 A1 WO 2000025570A1 JP 9906128 W JP9906128 W JP 9906128W WO 0025570 A1 WO0025570 A1 WO 0025570A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fixed
plant
fixed object
roots
moss
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1999/006128
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Mitsuharu Shimura
Minoru Takeda
Original Assignee
Mitsuharu Shimura
Minoru Takeda
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsuharu Shimura, Minoru Takeda filed Critical Mitsuharu Shimura
Priority to AU10765/00A priority Critical patent/AU1076500A/en
Publication of WO2000025570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2000025570A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention is an invention in the technical field related to a material using a plant material.
  • materials that are produced through a process that is as “regressive as possible” without industrial processes such as conventional ones, such as paving material that solidifies rice husks and shells, are provided. ing.
  • a problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide means capable of obtaining such a “natural regression material”. Disclosure of the invention
  • the present inventor has conducted intensive studies for solving this problem. As a result, by focusing on the vigorous growth of plant roots and using this root capacity as the core of the phenomenon called "nebari-ri", it is not an industrial production process, but an agricultural production process.
  • the present inventors have found that it is possible to provide an eco-friendly “natural regression material” in which small objects that can be re-produced and which were conventionally difficult to fix are fixed, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention is an invention that provides a fixed object of a fine object (hereinafter, also referred to as the present fixed object) in which the small object is fixed in a fixed shape by the rooting of a plant root.
  • small object literally means “small object”, and is not particularly limited as long as it can be fixed by plant rooting, and is not limited to soil, gravel, Stones such as sand, pumice and pebble, lightweight aggregates, plants (including moss plants), plant fibers, straw, garbage, paper chips, peat moss, charcoal chips, ores, etc. It can be selected according to the purpose.
  • moss plants are used as the fine objects
  • at least a part of the fine objects includes particulate matter such as soil, gravel, sand, and lightweight aggregate.
  • various biological elements can be added to the fixed object.
  • plant elements such as seeds and seedlings of seed plants and spores of spore plants are incorporated into the fixed material by embedding and the like, and the fixed material is cured under conditions in which the plant elements can grow.
  • the incorporated plant elements can be positively utilized in the fixed object.
  • Insects and small animals are actively settled by incorporating insects (insects and arachnids) eggs and pupae, and even larvae; small animals such as earthworms and animal elements such as eggs into this fixed object.
  • insects insects
  • larvae small animals
  • small animals such as earthworms and animal elements such as eggs into this fixed object.
  • the environment can be provided by this fixed object.
  • rooting which is an action of fixing small objects, means a state in which the roots of a plant are tight, and typically, the roots are entangled with the above small objects. But not limited to this.
  • “Fixed” means a state where a fixed shape is stably held, and the fixing strength varies depending on the specific form and application of the fixed object.
  • the term “fixing the root” means a state in which the fine object is stably held in a fixed shape by the root. It is thought that the fixation of fine roots is not only performed simply by entanglement of the roots of the plant with the fine roots, but also the lateral roots (root hairs) and the root exudates are closely related. Can be
  • the shape of the fixed object, which is manufactured by fixing the base, is not particularly limited, but is most commonly in the form of a substrate.
  • plants that take root in these small objects can at least take root on their own It is not particularly limited as long as it is a plant, and can be widely used regardless of whether it is a herbaceous plant or a woody plant.
  • plants that are excluded as "weeds” in ordinary agriculture and the like are rather preferred ⁇ can be used.
  • plants belonging to the family Poaceae such as Enocologsa and Sparrow Note
  • plants belonging to the family Acarinae such as californica
  • other weeds such as communis, asiatica, shiroza, inuyude, chickweed, and siberihu. be able to.
  • rice In terms of “easy control of rooting,” the condition has been elucidated in the past, and since the rooting is relatively vigorous, rice (Koshihikari, Haenuki, Sasanishiki) There are no restrictions on the brand or varieties, such as oats, scallops, etc. It is also possible to use waxy rice, etc.), cereals such as wheat, sorghum, sorghum, sorghum, and hee. And various turf and the like can be preferably used.
  • Root vegetables such as; real vegetables such as cucumber and tomato can also be used.
  • the immobilized material can be used, for example, in a location where nutrients are provided to allow at least the roots of the above plants to grow and at least the roots are restricted from growing vertically.
  • the plant is a fixed material that can be produced by arranging the roots of the plant so as to elongate in this place, elongating the roots of the plant, and fixing the small objects.
  • place is to be understood in a broad sense, and does not mean only a space in which there is no element other than air, and in which all or part of water (including nutrients) contains water.
  • the site may be filled, or may be fully or partially filled with soil.
  • a mold such as a medium dish-shaped pallet can be mentioned.
  • the term “palette or mold” refers to a medium dish-shaped pallet. Or formwork).
  • field usually means that in addition to restricting the root from extending in the vertical direction, Extension is also limited.
  • the formwork of a pallet or the like used as a place is usually provided with a vertical form, which limits the extension of roots in the horizontal direction.
  • the fixed object can be manufactured by fixing the small object with the roots and the small objects and the roots entangled in the frame.
  • “Introducing small objects into the field” means placing the small objects in some form in the place where the roots are to be elongated. As a result, the small object is introduced if it is in a desired state, for example, a filled state or a state in which some voids are left, etc. ⁇
  • the arrangement method does not matter.
  • the arrangement of the fine objects can be selected according to the specific form of the fixed upholstery to be manufactured (described later).
  • the roots of the plant elongate at the place where the small object is introduced and are entangled with the small object.
  • the entanglement of the root takes in the small object, thereby fixing the small object.
  • the fixed object can be manufactured.
  • the objectives can be achieved.
  • a small projection is provided on the bottom of the formwork to trap the extension of the root in the horizontal direction to some extent, and the root is entangled in the vicinity of the projection.
  • the strength of the foundation Conversely, by providing a minute recess on the bottom surface of the mold, the roots are concentrated to some extent near this recess, and the root entanglement near the recess is strengthened. Thus, the overall rooting strength can be improved.
  • One of the best means for restricting the elongation of the root in the horizontal direction is to provide minute convex grooves (grooves provided by being surrounded by parallel convex structures) at the bottom of the mold. Is received.
  • the extension of the root from both directions in the horizontal direction is restricted in the convex portion of the convex groove, the root tension strength near the convex portion is improved, and a part of the root beyond the convex portion is provided.
  • the roots that do not fall on the convex grooves can be extended to each other as they are, and can be entangled to a certain extent in fine objects.
  • the type of contact of the plant is not particularly limited as long as the roots are entangled with small objects as desired.
  • a plant to be rooted mainly, a plant seed
  • the degree of plant arrangement can be appropriately adjusted depending on the rooting characteristics of the plant used and the required rooting strength.
  • the strength of the non-rooting surface can be reinforced by the seeds of the plant that exists in a dense state. As described in the section of the embodiment 2.).
  • the root elongation method for rooting the plant roots can be selected from existing methods as appropriate while taking advantage of the various properties of the roots against light, gravity, water, various plant hormones, etc. It is possible and not particularly limited. For example, sand cultivation (sand curl ture), gravel cultivation (g rave l cu lture), charcoal cultivation (top watering method, pouring method, liquid level vertical method, etc.), urethane cultivation, rock wool cultivation Solid medium method such as (rockwoo lcu lture); water culture (water cuiture) (liquid level up / down method, reflux method, aeration method, dropping method, injection method, etc.), hydroponic, injection Non-solid cultivation methods such as cultivation (spray cu Iture) (injection type, circulation type, etc.) can be selected.
  • the step of growing the plant and fixing the roots can be performed in a closed growth system.
  • the growth system is sealed with an air-tight vinyl sheet or the like, and preferably, the humidity of the closed system is improved by introducing water particles by spraying or the like. This can promote the development of lateral roots (root hairs), which play a particularly important role when fixing moss plants.
  • a sheet-like member such as vinyl sheet, particularly a “permeable permeate separation sheet” may be spread on the bottom of the mold or the like in advance. it can.
  • This “permeable root water separation sheet” is a sheet that has the property of ensuring the penetration of water but not allowing the roots to penetrate. Water and nutrients can penetrate from the bottom of the plant and can be secured in small-scale communities, and even if the roots of the plants grow, they will not get entangled in the small-scale communities, It is possible to prevent penetration as it is.
  • This “permeable permeate separation sheet” is already commercially available, and specific examples include Cosmo Amgrass and Germ Guard (both manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.).
  • the root of the plant can be surely elongated at this site. That is, it is possible to cure the roots of the plant with the water secured by the water-absorbing polymer, guide the roots in a certain direction, and elongate them toward the position where the water-absorbing polymer is disposed [
  • the water-absorbing polymer in which this water releasing effect is recognized include, for example, various N-vinyl acetate amide-based polymers manufactured by Showa Denko KK (trade names: GX—205, NA— 0 10, NA-300, GE — 191 etc.)]).
  • the fixed object by adding these water-absorbing polymers to the fixed object (for example, mixing in a fine object, arranging at a specific place of the fixed object, etc.), for example, the fixed object can be planted. It can be used as a means to save water and water when used as a substrate for plant cultivation for actively curing.
  • fertilizers and rooting promoters can be used to promote the elongation of plant roots.
  • biological fertilizers containing biological components such as mycorrhizal fungi are relatively When using fertilizers, it is one of the preferred choices because of its modest impact on the environment.
  • the rooting fixation should be performed only in one direction.
  • a plant seed, etc.
  • this is cured to fix the rooting.
  • the strength of the foundation can be improved by fixing the foundation from two or more directions. However, even if the fixation is performed only from one direction, the fixed material with sufficient strength can be obtained (specifically, described later).
  • the form from which the plant body has been removed is a basic mode of the fixed object.
  • the plant when the fixed object has a mode in which a rigid material is fixed to the outer surface of the fine object, the plant is The body part can also actively play the role of anchor between the rigid material and the anchoring part (specifically described later).
  • making the plant unrenewable means not only regenerating the plant but also preventing corrosion of the plant part in the fixed rooting material.
  • This non-renewable means includes the drying of the plant (in the case of drying, applying weight to the fixed rooted material and applying pressure can improve the strength of the fixed fixed rooted material) , Removal of seeds, heating, carbonization, and the like. In addition, by actively removing the seeds, it is possible to ensure that regeneration is impossible.
  • Separating the seed part of the plant used for the root fixing from the root fixing material is one of the preferable means for ensuring the non-renewable state of the plant, as described above.
  • an immobilized material it takes a lot of time to make the plant part including the seed part of the plant incapable of regenerating the seed part in an aspect that is not directly involved in fixing of the small object. This is especially true if seeds are present near the surface of the anchoring material. It is also supposed that the seeds cause birds and the like to fly. Therefore, it is an important matter in the technique of fixing roots to take measures to easily separate the seed part of the plant from the fixing roots, if necessary.
  • the method for producing a fixed upholstery including the following steps (1) to (3), it is possible to produce the fixed upholstery in which the seed part of the plant is separated from the fixed upholstery.
  • the “net” used here is not particularly limited as long as it has a hole through which a plant root can penetrate, and the material is not particularly limited, such as metal and plastic. However, it is preferable that the material has sufficient rigidity to withstand the shearing force at the time of separation.
  • the ⁇ upper part '' of the mesh refers to not only placing the seeds of the plant directly on the arranged mesh, but also i) placing the seeds on the mesh and further on the laminated small objects. Ii) Separating the seeds of the plant at a certain distance from the mesh so that the roots of the plant can extend toward the fines and mesh placed in the formwork (eg, a) At the top of a fixed distance from the reticulated body, a second reticulated body through which the roots of the plant can penetrate "is fixed, and the seeds of the plant are arranged on the second reticulated body.
  • a vegetation substrate whose roots can extend downward such as a vegetation substrate where the plants are cured, Includes “upper” at a certain distance, such as fixed at a certain distance above the reticulated body ⁇ As described above, placing a certain distance between the reticulated body and the plant seeds involves shearing the roots by a shearing means such as a shearing blade when separating the plant seeds from the fixed material. For this reason, it is preferable to secure a sufficiently long root length.
  • This rooting step can be carried out by the above-mentioned general steps of the rooting fixed material (that is, rooting the above-mentioned seeds and fixing the fine objects with the roots).
  • This separation step is a step of cutting the roots of the plant between the fixed plant and the seeds by a shearing means such as a shearing blade as described in (1) above.
  • a shearing means such as a shearing blade as described in (1) above.
  • the mesh placed on the upper surface of the thin object plays a role as a resistance to the force applied in the lower direction when using a shearing blade or the like. That is, the net can prevent the fixed foundation from being broken by the force applied in the downward direction in the separation step.
  • the stopper is not particularly limited, but needs to have such a rigidity that it is not easily sheared by the shearing means.
  • a formwork slightly deeper than the thickness of the anchoring material to be manufactured can be exemplified as this stopper. That is, the fixed material at the stage where the fixing of the rooting is completed ((1) above) is placed in the above-mentioned formwork with the plant part to be cut facing upward, and the upper edge of this formwork is stored in a string such as a shear blade.
  • the use of the upper edge makes it possible to prevent the shearing blade or the like from moving downward from the upper edge of the formwork by using the upper edge.
  • the mesh After completing this shearing, the mesh can be easily removed from the tensioned fixture.
  • the seed portion of the plant used for the rooting can be easily separated from the fixed rooting material.
  • the fixed object is provided as a fixed object of the small object, in which the small object is fixed in a fixed shape by the rooting of the plant root.
  • the fixed object includes an embodiment in which a rigid material is fixed to the outer surface of the fine object.
  • the fixed object of such an embodiment is used mainly for the purpose of improving the strength of the fixed object, facilitating the construction of the fixed object, and the like (specific embodiments will be described later).
  • the type of the rigid material is not particularly limited, and includes concretes, cured resins, cured rubbers, metals, stones, glasses, and the like.After the concretes, cured resin, cured rubber, etc. It is generally preferred that the material be a rigid material that can be solidified.
  • the rigid material layer is fixed to the fine material layer, it is preferable to wash the fixed surface of the fine material layer once before fixing.
  • the substrate material is a concrete material (such as mortar or concrete), it is of course preferable to sufficiently dry the fixed surface of the fine material layer.
  • moss plants are used in various forms (the moss plants are broadly divided into an embodiment in which only moss plants are rooted and fixed, and a mode in which moss plants are stacked on the outer surface of the particulate matter layer and fixed with roots fixed). (Specific aspects will be described later).
  • moss plant a moss plant native to nature can be used as it is.
  • the plant length is a certain length, specifically, 2 to 3 cm or more (the upper limit is the maximum of the plant length of the moss plant, especially (It is not limited).
  • These moss plants even if they are obtained by the cultivation method, can also be used in a so-called cultivation method [for example, “Plant Biotechnology II”, Tokyo Kagaku Dojin: Hyundai Chemical ⁇ See “Cultivation of bryophytes” on page 39 (Ono), etc.], but it is also possible to use cultivated moss, but it is usually preferable to use moss plants obtained by cultivation. .
  • the bryophyte can be cultivated by a known method depending on the type of the bryophyte used.
  • moss plants for example, by laying sand or the like on a pallet with good drainage, planting moss plants on it, and curing them under temperature and sunshine conditions according to the type of moss plant, A desired type of moss plant can be grown.
  • moss plants once grown on the pallet or moss plants that grow naturally in the natural world, so that they can be sown on the ground and cultivated.
  • dirt such as sand from the moss plant and disperse the soil efficiently on the ground.
  • the moss plant before washing can be once washed with water and subjected to gentle centrifugation.
  • a series of washing processes for moss plants can be carried out according to the usual washing, rinsing (washing process), and dehydration (slow centrifugal process) of washing performed at home.
  • the slow centrifugation be terminated when the moss plant is almost dehydrated.
  • the specific rotation speed of the centrifugal treatment is approximately the same as that of a home dehydrator for washing, specifically, about 500 to 150 rotations / minute, and is preferably performed for about 3 minutes. However, it is not limited to this.
  • the washed moss plant thus obtained can be evenly dispersed and sown on the ground by a normal sieving method. This sieving method may be sieving using human power or sieving using mechanical force such as a vibrator.
  • a movable device such as a tractor is provided with a sieving function, and the moss plants are sieved while the tractor or the like is self-propelled.
  • Moss plants can be sown evenly and efficiently in the area.
  • the type of bryophytes that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • moss plants can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • moss plants intentionally having different properties, for example, a moss plant that prefers sunlight and a moss plant that prefers shade
  • the specific location of the place where the fixed object according to the present invention is to be constructed is used.
  • FIG. 1 is a drawing showing Production Method 1
  • Fig. 2 is a drawing when the fixed object is used as a wall material
  • Fig. 3 is a drawing when the fixed object and concrete are used.
  • FIG. 4 is an overall schematic view of an embodiment of the fixed object according to the second embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a drawing showing a manufacturing method 2-1.
  • Fig. 6 is a drawing showing the connection and fixing of the fixed objects by root fixing
  • Fig. 7 shows the manufacturing method 3-1
  • FIG. 8 is a drawing showing a mode in which a plant stem is used as a projection of the uneven structure of the fixed object
  • FIG. 9 is a treatment of a non-rooted surface of the fixed object.
  • FIG. 10 is one of the drawings shown, and Figure 10 is one of the drawings illustrating the handling of the non-rooted surface of the present fixed object.
  • Figure 11 is Embodiment 3 of the present fixed object.
  • FIG. 12, which is one of the drawings showing the manufacturing method of 2 is one of the drawings showing the manufacturing method of embodiment 3-2 of the fixed object, and
  • FIG. Fig. 14 is a drawing showing the present fixed body having an uneven structure on both sides, and
  • Fig. 15 is a drawing showing a plurality of laminated bodies having an uneven structure on both sides.
  • Fig. 16 is a drawing showing a fixed body of the mold, Fig. 16 is a drawing showing a laminated fixed body that can be manufactured by screwing, and
  • Fig. 1 is a drawing showing the fixed body of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is one of the drawings showing the manufacturing method of 2
  • Fig. 14 is a drawing showing the present fixed body having an uneven structure on both sides
  • Fig. 15 is a drawing showing
  • FIG. 18 is a drawing showing a manufacturing process of Embodiment 4, FIG. 18 is a drawing showing Embodiment 4 of the present fixed object having various through holes, and FIG. 19 is a drawing showing a tapered through hole.
  • FIG. 20 is a view showing a manufacturing process of the fourth embodiment of the present fixed object provided; FIG. 20 is a drawing showing a state in which the fourth embodiment of the present fixed object is fixed to a rigid material;
  • FIG. 21 is a drawing illustrating the fixing means in embodiment 4 of the present fixed body when the through-opening is a tapered through-opening, and
  • FIG. 23 is a drawing showing a manufacturing process of Embodiment 4 of the present invention, FIG.
  • FIG. 23 is a drawing showing a manufacturing method of Embodiment 5 of the present fixed object
  • FIG. 24 is a drawing showing a vegetation substrate used for manufacturing the present fixed object
  • FIG. 25 is a drawing showing the production of the fixed object in the case of using a deep formwork
  • FIG. 26 is a drawing showing a convex portion.
  • FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the principle of the manufacturing method using small holes
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a manufacturing method using small holes provided with convex portions
  • FIG. FIG. 29 is an enlarged view showing a manufacturing method using a small hole provided with a convex portion.
  • FIG. 30 is a drawing showing the fixed object in which both surfaces are fixed.
  • the present fixture has several representative embodiments. Hereinafter, these embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings as necessary.
  • Embodiment II is an embodiment in which these moss plants are fixed by entanglement of the roots of the plants with the moss plants.
  • the root of a plant (referred to as “the above-mentioned“ plant ”in which the root is entangled with a fine object ( hereinafter the same applies)) is entangled with the moss plant, and the moss plant is fixed.
  • the fixed material has become ⁇ non-renewable '', in which the roots of the plant are not performing life activities and can no longer be regenerated by means such as supplying water Basically, it is something.
  • the immobilized material of Embodiment 1 uses the characteristics of moss plants, which once dried, supply water to resume life activity many times, which is not found in ordinary plants. It is a greening material that can be manufactured.
  • the immobilized material of the embodiment 1 is the immobilized material (PCT No. JP99Z04-06) already filed by the present inventor, in which the moss plant is colonized (the moss plant is colonized).
  • the difference is that moss plants are not necessarily colonies but can be fixed in a “sparse state” (of course, they can be colonies).
  • a thin object is laminated on one or more moss plants arranged at the bottom of a mold, and a plant is further arranged on the thin object.
  • the plant is cured, and the moss plant is separated from the fixed moss plant part obtained from the moss plant and the small object obtained by lining the moss plant.
  • a production method using the part as a fixing material (hereinafter, also referred to as production method 1) may be mentioned.
  • FIG. 1 is a drawing (longitudinal sectional view) showing one embodiment of this production method 1.
  • the fixed object 10 is a substrate-shaped fixed object that is fixed to a moss plant 11 1, a root of a plant in a non-renewable state.
  • a thin object 12 is laminated on the moss plant 11 placed on the bottom of the formwork 14, and a plant 13 (even a seed, a seedling, Or may be in a form that has grown to some extent), cure this plant 13, and fix the moss plant 11 and small object 12 with its roots Of the fixed upholstery obtained 3 shows a manufacturing process.
  • the “curing” method used here can be selected generally according to the ecology of the plant 13. For example, when the weeds exemplified above as the plant 3 are selected, they can be easily cured by watering them at regular intervals and securing a certain amount of sunshine.
  • a well-known curing method can be used according to the properties of the selected cereal plant.
  • the curing method it is preferable to consider the ecology of the moss plant 11 at the same time as in the case of the plant 13. However, even if the moss plant 11 is dry, it can be watered again. Because of the characteristic of resuming life activity as many times as possible, some consideration is sufficient.
  • the reason why the fine objects 1 2 are laminated on the moss plant ⁇ 1 is that if the fine objects 1 2 are not laminated, the root of the plant 13 will not be sufficiently entangled with the moss plant 11 1 The forces that push up the plant 11 from below, making it difficult to produce the desired anchoring material.
  • Process 1 (1) shows the stage where rooting is being fixed in formwork (4).
  • step 1 2 the fixed material was taken out of the formwork 14 and the plant part of the plant 13 including the seed portion (above the broken line A) was removed from the fixed material. Shows the stage (rooting fixation 10 ').
  • Step 2 shows a step of removing fine matter 12 from the fixed material 10 ′.
  • the fixed object 10 ′ ′ (step 22) can be manufactured by removing the small objects 12 of the fixed upholstery 10 ′ (step 1 1). 3 'part is exposed).
  • the means for removing the fine object 12 is not particularly limited. For example, removal by a water flow, a dry or manual or electric brush, or removal by rubbing against a rigid material is preferable. Can be exemplified.
  • the fixed object 10 ′ ′′ can be formed into a desired shape by appropriately molding.
  • Such a molding means is, for example, as shown in step 3), by arranging the fixed object 10 ′ ′′ on the formwork 14 ′ (the side where the fine object 12 of the fixed object 10 ′′ is removed). It is preferable that the fixed object 10 ′ placed above is moistened with water 15 (spouting from the shower nozzle 15 ′) and pressed against the formwork 14 ′. (For example, press with a pressing plate 16 Step 3 ⁇ ⁇ ), drying, taking out from the mold 14 ′, and forming the fixed object 10 molded into the shape of the mold 14 ′.
  • the formwork (14 to 14 ') used here is provided with a frame that can hold the object (moss plant 11 to small object 12) to be fixed in place while maintaining a constant shape. It is not particularly limited as long as it is in the form of a moss plant, and is typically provided with a drainage hole at the bottom of the middle dish. Pallets used are listed.
  • the fixed object 10 is pressed again into a mold having a specific shape, water is applied thereto, and the fixed object 10 is dried in this state, so that the fixed object 10 having a shape corresponding to the used mold is formed. It is also possible to get.
  • a mesh is laminated between the moss plant 11 and the fine object 12 and between Z or the moss plant 11 and the bottom of the formwork 14 for the purpose of improving the strength and the like. Then, the reticulated body can be firmly fixed together with the moss plant 11 (not shown).
  • the material of the reticulate body is not limited as long as it does not penetrate the seeds of the plant 13 and its roots can penetrate. It is also possible to sew the substrate surface of the fixed object in an auxiliary manner. Such sewing can be performed, for example, on a substrate plane of the fixed object 10 using a sewing machine or the like in a grid pattern or a diagonal pattern.
  • the plant 13 is in a non-reproducible state because its seed portion has been removed. That is, even if water and nutrients are supplied, the plant does not re-activate.
  • moss plants once dried, can resume their life activity many times by supplying water, contributing to the desired greening of the environment ( When water is supplied, the moss plant swells, so that the degree of fixation of the moss plant by the root of the plant is further improved).
  • the root entangles not only its main root but also its lateral roots (root hairs) at the same time, exuding the exuded component of the root to the outside.
  • the bryophytes themselves to extend and become entangled with the temporary plant.
  • the anchoring performed in this manner is further strengthened by drying the fixed material.
  • the fixed material of Embodiment 1 since the fixed material of Embodiment 1 has a strong rooting of the plant, the moss plant does not necessarily need to be in a colony, and can be fixed in a sparse state. is there.
  • the colony-like moss community can be fixed in the fixed rooted material.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present fixed material the production cost can be reduced by saving moss plants, and the moss distribution mode can be diversified.
  • the weight of Embodiment 1 of the present fixed material can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional moss plant community-like fixed material by removing the seed portion of the plant and reducing the amount of moss used. is there.
  • the fixed part of the embodiment 1 is not particularly limited in its construction location as long as it is an environment intended for greening.
  • it can be constructed on slopes such as dams, roads and river banks, and on concrete surfaces such as garbage disposal sites.
  • the type of moss plant used is preferably selected according to the environment in which it is constructed. For example, it is preferable to select a moss plant that prefers sunshine if the construction site has a lot of sunshine and a moss plant that prefers shade if it is less.
  • an adhesive made of a component that does not adversely affect the growth of the moss plant for example, an adhesive using a silicone-based adhesive, urethane foam, or the like
  • an adhesive can be used if the moss plant is in a dry state (suspended state) during construction. It is. In this case, after the application, the adhesive will dry and the moss plant of this fixed material will be watered or watered after the volatile components etc. which have a negative effect on the growth of the moss plant are sufficiently lost.
  • a water-absorbing polymer can be used as the above-mentioned adhesive. That is, the dried water-absorbing polymer is evenly spread on the bottom of the fixed object of embodiment 1 and a small amount of water is applied to the water-absorbing polymer, and then the back surface is brought into contact with the work site. By arranging them, the fixed object can be adhered to the construction site.
  • the fixed object of Embodiment 1 is fixed to the construction site by this bonding method, when dried, the fixed object of Embodiment 1 is firmly adhered to the construction site by the dried water-absorbing polymer, and it is originally dry and lightweight.
  • the fixed object of mode 1 which is easily dropped by wind or wind, is less likely to drop. Conversely, during rainfall, the adhesive strength of the water-absorbing polymer becomes weaker, but the falling-off becomes less likely due to the weight of the fixed object of the first embodiment.
  • the water-absorbing polymer be a polymer having resistance to repeated drying and wetting. As a water-absorbing polymer having such properties, for example, the aforementioned Showa Denko
  • the fixed object of the first embodiment can be used at the construction site by making various use of the bonding means ⁇ fixing means.
  • the portion to be bonded and fixed to the fixed object in advance for example, It is also possible to provide an uneven structure.
  • FIG. 2 shows a concrete surface on which a fixed object (not only the fixed object of Embodiment 1 but also a fixed object of another embodiment (Embodiments 2 to 5) described later) may be provided.
  • a fixed object not only the fixed object of Embodiment 1 but also a fixed object of another embodiment (Embodiments 2 to 5) described later.
  • This is a schematic drawing of the construction method when applying as a wall material.
  • a frame 19 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the fixed object 10 is provided on the concrete surface 18 (the material of the frame 19 is a very thin material, for example, Cloth or film may be used).
  • the fixed object # 0 having a corresponding shape is sequentially fitted into the frame 19 and laminated on the wall surface.
  • the laminated fixed object 10 is fixed to the wall by a frame 19.
  • the fixed object 10 and the concrete surface 8 can be bonded and fixed by various bonding and fixing means, for example, various mounting brackets and adhesives.
  • the fixed object 10 was directly contacted with the concrete surface 18, but beforehand, the fixed object of Embodiment 1 and the concrete were not used. It is possible to use a laminate obtained by laminating the above as the construction material. That is, for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the concrete is poured into the bottom of the inner plate in advance, and the fixed
  • the laminate ⁇ 0 + can be used, for example, in a concrete block.
  • another rigid material having rigidity (preferably a post-curable rigid material: which has already been described) is laminated on the bottom surface of the fixed object of the first embodiment. This can be used as a construction material.
  • Embodiment 2 of the present fixed object is an embodiment in which particulate matter is actively used as a fine object.
  • FIG. 4 is a drawing (overall view) showing a basic embodiment of the fixed object of the second embodiment.
  • the fixed object 20 is configured such that the roots of the plant 21 are entangled with the fine object 22 and are fixed in a flat plate shape.
  • FIG. 5 is a drawing (longitudinal sectional view) showing a manufacturing process (manufacturing method 2-1) of the fixed object 20 shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 5 (1) shows the stage where the plant 22 is placed and cured on the small object 21 introduced into the mold 23. The root of the plant 22 is elongated in the small object 21. ing.
  • Fig. 5 (2) shows the stage where curing was performed sufficiently.
  • the growth system of plant 22 should be closed and cured to promote the development of lateral roots (root hair) for fixing small objects. Can be. Also, once the roots of the plant 22 are extended in the forward direction, after the roots are entangled to a small extent to a certain extent, the fixed roots are inverted, and the plant 22 By changing the elongation direction of the root in the reverse direction, it is possible to entangle the fine object 21 with the root of the plant 22 from both directions of the forward direction and the reverse direction to further strengthen the rooting fixation.
  • the roots of the plant 22 are extended in the forward direction, and the fine objects 21 are fixed in one direction only.
  • the non-stretched lower surface of the formwork is also stably fixed, so that a fixed strut with both sides of the substrate fixedly stuck together can be manufactured. In the same way, it is possible to manufacture a fixed object with a small object that is entangled with the object from two or more directions.
  • the root surface is fixed by the roots of the plant, and the seeds of the plant that densely cover the non-root surface (seeding surface) trap small objects on the non-root surface. It is possible to maintain the fixed state of the small object in the tension fixed object.
  • the non-stretched surface of the anchoring object is brought into contact with the construction surface and only the anchoring surface is exposed to the outside, it is sufficient to secure the anchoring in only one direction. Can be handled as a secured anchor.
  • the seeds of the plant may germinate toward the rooted surface after construction. So, we cut off some of the seeds of the non-rooted plant This makes it possible to eliminate the possibility of this re-emergence by rendering the plant unrenewable.
  • Such a scraping process can be easily performed, for example, with a grinder or the like that has a polishing / cutting effect.
  • various means of strengthening the degree of fixation are applied to the treated surface on which the above-described seed shaving treatment is performed. It is also possible. For example, 1) heating the seed surface, which is a non-rooted surface, by directly holding it over a flame or the like; carbonization treatment; 2) sprinkling a sinterable material (such as clay mineral) on the seed surface and heating. , A sintering process for sintering the seed surface, 3 a mortar powder treatment for spreading the mortar powder on the seed surface and solidifying the mortar powder, 4 a coating process for solidifying the seed surface with a silicone sealing material etc. And a lamination on the seed surface of water-soluble paper.
  • the net-like body is laminated between the fine object and the plant, and between the small object or the small object and the bottom of the formwork.
  • Such a mesh can be stretched and fixed (not shown).
  • the material of the net is not limited as long as it does not penetrate the seeds of the plant and its roots can penetrate.
  • Such means and treatments for improving the degree of fixation of fine objects on the non-rooted surface are described in all aspects of the book. This is a process that can be performed in common on non-rooted surfaces of fixed objects. Therefore, it is possible to perform these means and processing even on the non-stretched surface of the present fixed object in a mode described later.
  • the fixed object of embodiment 3 is a fixed object having a multilayer structure in which the fixed members are laminated with each other, or a fixed member having a positively uneven surface.
  • Embodiment 1 or 2 (hereinafter also referred to as “unit fixed object”) in which the life activity of the plant with the root entangled with the small object is fixed, and the small object is fixed step by step.
  • a fixed object is manufactured by performing the following steps.
  • the rooted surface of the first laminated fixed object is laminated on the second thin object to form a laminated body of the first laminated fixed object and the second thin object. While elongating the roots of the plant, entangled with the second fine object, the first laminated fixed object and the second fine object are combined with the root material of the plant. Fixing in the shape of above to produce a second laminated fixed object;
  • the number of fine layers to be laminated and fixed in the final product to be manufactured in the above steps (1) to (3) is n [n is a natural number of 2 or more.
  • n is 2, the plant is made unreproducible when all the steps are completed in the above step 3, whereby the fixed object of embodiment 3 consisting of two thin layers is produced.
  • This step (2) is not performed, so that the plant is made non-renewable by repeating (n-2) times and producing the (n-2) th laminated fixed object,
  • the fixed object according to the third embodiment which is constituted by a plurality of fine object layers, can be manufactured.
  • Fig. 7 (Fig. 7-1, 2) is a drawing showing Production Method 3-1.
  • Fig. 1 (1) shows that a small object 3 2 is placed in a middle plate-shaped form 3 1, a plant 3 3 is placed on it, and the plant 3 3 is cured.
  • the step of manufacturing a unit fixed object 30 in which the fine object 32 is fixed by the rooting of the root 3 3 1 3 is shown.
  • the final drawing (2) is a diagram showing the unit fixed object 30 removed from the formwork 31 from the back. Small object 3 2 However, on the back surface of the unit fixed object 30 fixed by the roots 331, roots are observed.
  • Fig. 3 (3) shows that a thin object 3 2 ′ is laid in the empty form 3 1, and the lining surface of the unit fixed object 30 is brought into contact with this to form a laminate. Shows the stages. By extending the roots of the plant 33 again in this laminated body, a laminated fixed object 30 ′ in which the laminated body is fixed by the roots 33 of the plant 33 can be manufactured. [Fig. 4 (4)].
  • the thin objects 3 2 ′ ′ are laid in the emptied formwork 3 1, and the rooted surfaces of the unit fixed objects 30 ′ are brought into contact with each other to form a laminated body [Fig. 5)], by extending the roots of the plant 33 again, a laminated fixed product 30 ′ ′′ in which this laminate is firmly fixed by the roots 33 1 of the plant 33 can be produced [ Figure 6 (6)].
  • the fixed body 300 is recovered. It can be manufactured [Fig.
  • the fixed object 300 was manufactured by sequentially laminating the thin objects and performing the rooting process a plurality of times, as described above. And ii), it can be manufactured in a single stretch riveting process. That is,
  • Plants 33 are arranged on the lower surface side of each fine object layer 32 to be laminated and fixed in the finally manufactured fixed object [Fig. (8)];
  • a net-like body can be arranged and fixed between a plurality of fine object layers constituting the fixed object and on the surface of the laminate or the laminate.
  • the reticulated body (the material is not particularly limited as long as there are stitches through which the roots of the plant can penetrate) are arranged as described above, and the roots of the above-mentioned plant 33 together with the fine objects are By entanglement with this net-like body, the strength of the present fixed object 300 can be improved.
  • an uneven structure can be provided on the surface of the laminate.
  • This uneven structure is not particularly limited as long as it has a certain degree of rigidity, and mounting brackets such as anchors can be widely used as protrusions of the uneven structure. It is possible to cut off a part of the fine material layer so as to form a desired uneven structure in the portion, or to provide a fine material layer having a convex structure as appropriate. And, as described above, it is also possible to use a stem portion of a plant used to entangle the root with a fine object, as the convex portion. It is preferable to use such a stem because it is possible to more effectively use a plant that is a natural material.
  • the plant part of the plant is cut so that a part of the stem of the plant remains as a convex part of the uneven structure of the fixed object.
  • the stem of a plant can be used as the projection of the uneven structure of the fixed object.
  • FIG. 8 specifically illustrates an embodiment in which moss plants are stacked using a stem of a plant as a projection of the uneven structure of the present fixed object.
  • Fig. 8 (1) shows the process of stacking the rooted surface of the fixed object, on which the small object is fixed by the plant, on the moss plant arranged in the formwork.
  • the fixed material 48 can be produced by tangling the fine material 44 with the roots 42 1 of the plant 42 as described above. ((2) shows the fixed material 48) (The roots of the plant are in a renewable state.)]
  • the moss plant 4 1 [the moss plant 4 1 placed in the formwork 4 3 [the moss plant as shown in FIG. It may be placed upright as shown in 4 1 '. However, when standing, it is preferable that the top side of the moss plant is directed downward.]
  • the roots 42 1 of the plant 42 are entangled with the moss plant 4 1 (1 ′) in this laminated body, so that the moss plant 4 4 1 (4 1 ′) is fixed by lamination, and the stem 4 2 2 A laminated fixed object 49 can be manufactured.
  • the desired fixed object 400 can be produced by making the plant 42 unreproducible.
  • Fig. 9 (1) the seeds 420 of the plant 42 are dense and cover the surface of the non-rooted surface, and the roots 4 2 1 of the plants 42 and the moss plants are dense. Both sides of the moss plant 4 1 are fixed as roots, forming a rooting surface 410 outside the moss plant 41 (longitudinal section).
  • a diagram (longitudinal sectional view) showing a state in which the seeds 420 of the plant 42 in this rooted fixed object were scraped off at the broken line I — to produce the fixed object 400.
  • Fig. 9 (2) The seeds 420 ′ removed by this scraping process are not renewable, but the fines 4 are trapped by these seeds 420 ′ and are not trapped by the non-rooted surface 410 ′. Improves the strength of anchoring.
  • the corrosion protection treatment (described in the section 2) for improving the degree of fixation of fine objects, the lamination of the mesh body (FIG. 9 ( 3):
  • the net 45 is laminated between the thin object 4 and the plant 42, and the thin object 44, the net-like body 45, and the moss plant 41 are united to form a net. This shows a fixed state.
  • the lower part of the seed 420 'in FIG. 9 (2) was further reinforced by the net 45, Is provided).
  • the mold 431 is placed over the mold form 4 3 and a rooting process is performed, so that the fixed object 4 00 ′ having the irregularities of the shape of the mold 4 3 1 at the bottom thereof is provided. Is manufactured [Fig. 9 (4)].
  • Reinforcing means 432 for example, a hardened material such as silicone resin is provided in the concave portion at the bottom of the fixed object 400 '.
  • the fixed object 400 ′ can be reinforced by injecting a plasticized resin, a cured rubber, concretes, or the like, or by inserting a mold 431.
  • the fixed object 400 ' was manufactured using the mold 431.
  • the seed portion at the bottom of the fixed object was also actively removed by a grinder or the like to obtain the fixed object. It is also possible to produce the fixed object 400 '.
  • FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which the position where the reticulate body 45 in FIG. 9 (3) is arranged is located at a position away from the seeds 42 of the plant 42 in the fine object 44. It is a diagram (longitudinal sectional view) shown.
  • FIG. 10 (1) is the same as FIG. 9 (3) except that the reticulate body 45 is arranged at a position away from the seeds 420 of the plant 42.
  • the seeds are cut at the broken line II-I near the lower part of the seed 420. Separation treatment is performed to remove the fines above the reticulate body 45 and the seed part of the plant [Fig. 2)), pressing the roots 4 2 1 of the plant on the non-rooted surface 4 10 ′ against the netting 45 reinforces the non-rooted surface 4 10 ′ with only the netting 45.
  • the fixed article 400 ′ ′′ can be manufactured [FIG. 10 (3)].
  • non-rooted surfaces are handled not only in Embodiment 3 but also in all the fixed objects having non-rooted surfaces (in the above-described Embodiment 2, Embodiments 3-2, 4, and 5 described below, This is applicable to the case where there is a non-rooted surface due to, for example, a single stretching step.
  • FIG. 11 is a drawing showing Production Method 3-2.
  • Fig. 11 (1) is a longitudinal sectional view of a formwork 5 provided with a convex structure 543 on the bottom surface.
  • Fig. 11 (2) shows a formwork 5
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing 1 and a state where a plant 52 is arranged thereon. After curing this plant 52 and elongating its root, the root is fixed to the fine object 51 in the form of the formwork 5 and then the plant 52 is made non-renewable. By cutting the plant part 5 2 2, an uneven structure was provided on the surface according to the shape of the formwork 54.
  • the fixed object 50 can be manufactured (FIG. 11 (3)).
  • the shape of the concave and convex surfaces can be freely designed by changing the shape of the bottom portion 54 1 of the mold 54.
  • FIG. 12 (1) is a schematic diagram (longitudinal sectional view) showing a state in which moss plants are arranged on the protruding end portion 5431 and the non-convex portion 5432 of the convex structure of the form 54.
  • the moss 55 arranged at the protruding end and the moss 56 arranged at the non-convex portion are different types of moss.
  • a moss plant for example, Higotake moss, etc.
  • moss plants that are good for the sun for example, Snago moss
  • the moss plants are transitioned according to the environment of the construction site. It is intended to add a function that can be performed to the fixed object.
  • FIG. 12 (2) shows a vertical section of the fixed object 50 'in which the moss plants 55 and 56 are fixed to the convex and concave portions, respectively. It is also possible to fix the moss plant on the side surface of the convex part of the uneven surface of the fixed object 50. In this case, for example, with the small object 51 placed on the mold 54, the moss plant 57 is placed there, avoiding the small object near the convex structure 54 3 provided on the mold 54.
  • FIG. 12 (3) longitudinal sectional view
  • FIG. 13 is a drawing (longitudinal sectional view) showing an example of a fixed object using the present fixed object 50 (manufacturing method 3-3).
  • a small object 61 (for example, a moss plant, etc.)
  • the fixed part 50 with the plant 62 placed in the concave part 501 of the concave-convex surface with the concave-convex side facing upward, as shown in Fig. 13 (2)
  • Fig. 14 (1) shows the use of a small object placed on a form 4 with an uneven structure on the bottom 741 instead of the small object 61 in Fig. 13.
  • the process of fixing the base is shown (longitudinal sectional view). From this state, by going through the same steps as in the case of FIG. 13, it is possible to obtain the fixed object having the uneven structure on both surfaces [FIG. 14 (2) ( 3) (Longitudinal section)]. By repeating such a process a plurality of times, it is possible to obtain a fixed article having a desired thickness, which is composed of a plurality of fine object layers (FIG. 15: the fixed article 5 used in FIG. 14). This fixed object is used instead of 0).
  • the uneven structure can be used as one of fixing means when fixing the rigid material on the surface of the fixed object, which is preferable.
  • the rigid material can be fixed to a fixed object.
  • FIGS. 11 to 15 it is possible to use, for example, moss plants, plant seeds, etc., and even insect eggs, etc. in the recesses of the provided uneven surface. is there.
  • sealing means for fixing plant seeds or the like in the recesses for example, using a coating agent or the like, or a water holding material for supplying water, for example, a water-absorbing polymer, etc.
  • enclose in a concave part for example, using a coating agent or the like, or a water holding material for supplying water, for example, a water-absorbing polymer, etc.
  • FIG. 16 longitudinal cross-sectional view
  • the non-uneven surfaces of the fixed object 50 are overlapped with each other, and both fixed objects are used as screw fixing portions.
  • the fixed member 50+ is locked with the locking metal fitting 58, and the fixed member 50+ in which two fixed members 50 are stacked and fixed can be manufactured.
  • Fixing the rigid material on the surface of the fixed object allows the rigid material to be fixed in advance according to a certain standard at the time of manufacture, not at the time of construction of the fixed object. This is preferable because the mode of using the fixed object will be further spread.
  • the material of the rigid material is not particularly limited. For example, concrete, various cured resins, metal, wood, stone, glass, and the like can be widely used. It is preferably a rigid material that can be solidified afterwards, such as concretes and various cured resins.
  • the rigid material a rigid material that can be solidified afterwards
  • the protrusions of the concave-convex structure that can be provided in the present fixed article can be solidified afterwards that have not been solidified yet.
  • the rigid material that can be solidified afterwards is solidified, and the solidified material is fixed on the surface of the fixed object. Can be fixed.
  • the porous rigid material can be fixed to the bottom of the fixed object by using a porous material as the rigid material and tangling the roots of the plant with the holes of the material.
  • a porous rigid material As the rigid material and tangling the roots of the plant with the holes of the material.
  • C before the plant root of the fixed object is made unrenewable, After the fixed material was brought into contact with the surface of a porous material packed with fines (including soil), the plant of the fixed material was cured, and the roots were reinforced in the holes. Thereafter, by making the roots unreproducible, a desired fixed material can be obtained.
  • these fixed objects may be provided with a mechanism for providing convenience at the time of construction, for example, a screwing mechanism, on the fine material layer or the fine material layer and the rigid material layer.
  • the fixed object of the fourth embodiment is a fixed material in which a thin object is fixed in a substrate shape by a plant root, which has a through-hole penetrating the fixed object on the substrate surface.
  • FIG. 17 is a drawing (longitudinal sectional view) showing a manufacturing process (manufacturing method 4) of embodiment 4 of the present fixed object.
  • FIG. 17 (1) is a longitudinal sectional view of a formwork 84 used for manufacturing the fixed object 80.
  • a projection 841 in the shape of a through hole in the present fixed object is provided at the bottom of the formwork 84.
  • a small hole 842 can be provided as a drainage port to keep drainage in the plant curing process favorable.
  • the small holes 8 It is preferable that a large convex structure is provided in the refill of the small hole. By trapping the roots of the plant in this fine convex structure, it is possible to suppress the elongation of the roots of the plant toward the stoma 842.
  • Fig. 17 (2) shows that a small object 81 is placed on a formwork 84, a plant seed 82 is placed on it, and a plant seed 82 is further cured on it. This shows the state after the embankment was completed.
  • the through-hole is provided in the fixed object 80 because the thickness in which the fine object 81, the plant seed 82, and the embankment 83 are arranged is thinner at least than the height of the convex portion 841. Preferred above.
  • Fig. 1 (3) shows a state in which the seeds 82 of the plant are cured and the elongate roots are used to fix the fine particles 81.
  • the roots 8 2 1 elongate and elongate in the fine objects 8 1, while the plant parts 8 2 2 elongate upward.
  • Fig. 1 (4) shows the removal of the fixed material 80 'of the narrow object 81 at the stage where the first fixing of the rooting has been completed from the formwork 8 and the plant part 8 of the plant. This shows a state where 22 is removed. It is possible to select whether or not the plant part 822 to be removed contains or does not contain the seed part 822, depending on the form of the ultimately fixed stubbed material. In particular, in the case where the seed portion 82 is also included in the plant portion 822 to be removed, in Fig. 17 (2), a mesh (not shown) having a hole through which the root 821 of the plant can penetrate is used. ) Can be placed between the fine object 81 and the plant seed 82 to provide this reticulated body for convenience in separating the fixed material 80 'and the plant part 82. .
  • the fixed base material 80 ' is provided with a through hole 8410 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the convex portion 81.
  • the above-described handling is applied to the non-rooted surface of the fixed material 80 ′, which is obtained only by the first fixed material fixing, and can be handled as the fixed material.
  • Fig. 17 (5) shows that the first rooted surface 80 1 of the fixed root material 80 'from which the plant body part 8 22 has been removed is fitted to the convex portion 81 with the first rooted surface 81 facing upward. Then, again, the stage of disposing the mold 84 in a direction opposite to that of FIG. 17 (2) is shown.
  • a moss plant is disposed as a second fine object 8 1 ′ on a part or the whole of the bottom of the formwork 84, and the second fine object 8 is layered in a state where the second fine object 8 is laminated.
  • Fixed book fixed It is possible to manufacture things.
  • FIG. 17 (6) shows the second plant seed 8 again on the first upholstery surface 80 1 of the upholstery fixture 80 ′ arranged in the formwork 84 in the opposite direction. 2 'is placed to indicate the process of curing this.
  • the curing of the second plant can be performed in the same manner as in the first drawing (2) (3).
  • the first non-rooted surface is rooted by the elongated roots 2 2 1 ′ of the second plant, and the second rooted surface It can be seen that it is 80 2.
  • the fixed body 80 having the first and second linings 80 1 and 80 2 obtained as described above, and having the through-hole 8 410 provided. [Figure 1 (End): Overall view].
  • the shape of the through-hole 810 can be freely set by selecting the shape of the convex portion 81 in the formwork 84.
  • the through-hole 8410 of the fixed object 80 has a cylindrical shape because the convex portion 841 has a cylindrical shape, and if the convex portion 841 has a rectangular column shape, As shown in Fig. 18 (1), it is possible to form a rectangular column-shaped through hole. If the convex portion 841 is formed into a triangular prism shape, as shown in Fig. 18 (2), It can be a prismatic through hole.
  • Providing the through-hole 8410 in the base-fixing board in this way is as follows: (1) When trying to fix the base-fixing board with screws or the like on a wall or the like, the through-hole is provided. This is advantageous in that it makes it easier to squeeze a screw drill or the like (in this case, a relatively small through-hole is assumed). (2) A book in which rigid material is fixed Necessary for producing fixed objects (described later).
  • the through-hole 810 is tapered. That is, the entire shape of the through-hole may be conical, pyramidal, or even convex, or may be tapered or tapered.
  • the moss plant on the construction surface is the moss plant on the construction surface.
  • the fixed upholstery does not have a through hole, it will not be possible for the moss plant to grow on the construction surface. However, it is difficult because the entire construction surface is covered with the substrate.
  • the fourth aspect of the present fixed object it is possible to secure an area where the bryophytes grow on the construction surface in contact with the through-hole portion.
  • the moss plants fixed to the fixed object gradually expand the growing area on the construction surface that comes into contact with the through hole, and the moss plants fixed directly on the construction surface improve the environment of that part It is possible to In addition, the settled moss plant can improve the fixing power of the fixed object on the construction side.
  • FIG. 19 is a drawing (longitudinal sectional view) showing a manufacturing process of another embodiment of the present fixed object (embodiment 4) provided with a tapered through-hole corresponding to a part of FIG. is there.
  • Fig. 19 (1) is a drawing corresponding to Fig. 1 (3).
  • a conical convex portion 91 with a sharp point at the top is provided.
  • FIG. 19 (2) is a drawing corresponding to FIG. 1 (4), in which a through hole 9410 corresponding to the shape of the lower part of the convex portion 91 is provided.
  • the vertical section of the anchoring fixture 90 0 ′ provided with the anchoring surface 90 1 is shown. Is preferably treated as described above, and can be handled as the fixed object).
  • the fixed uprights 90 ' are placed on the formwork 94 having no projections, with the first upholstered surface 901 facing up, and Fill the fillings 9 4 10 ′ of the shape corresponding to the shape of the mouth 9 410 into each through hole 9 4 10 and close it, so that plant seeds etc. do not enter these through holes (The means for closing the through-hole 9410 is not particularly limited: if the seeds enter the through-hole, it is very difficult to remove them later.) 9 2 ′ is placed on the No. 1 rooted surface to show that it is being cured. As described at the top of Fig. 1 (4), the reticulated body 98 is arranged between the fixed upholstery 90 'and the seeds 9 2' of the second plant.
  • the opposite surface of the first lining surface is used as the second lining surface 90 2 in the same manner as the fixing member 80, and the fixing member (the fixing member having a tapered through hole) is used. (Not shown) Can be manufactured.
  • Fig. 20 shows a screw 8 having a fixed part 80, a shape part 851, a male screw part 852, and a head part 853 that can be fitted into the through hole 810. 5 makes rigid wood 8 0
  • FIG. 20 (1) is a longitudinal sectional view
  • FIG. 20 (2) shows a state in which the other substrate 800 is fixed to the fixed object 80.
  • It is a partial schematic view of the present fixed product 80 + 800, which is laminated and fixed.
  • the screw 8 5 has a shape part 8 5 1 fitted into the through hole 8 4 10, the male thread 8 5 2 is screwed into the rigid material 800, and the head 8 5 3 The fixed object 80 is locked.
  • the screwing force of the male thread portion 852 into the rigid material 800 in this screw 85 is the fixed object of the head 853.
  • the fixed object 80 and the rigid member 800 are fixed by acting as a locking force against 80.
  • the rigid material 800 force shown in Fig. 20 For example, if the location of the fixed object 80 such as a wall is shown, this Fig. 20 shows one of the construction modes of the fixed object 80. Represents in addition, as shown in Fig. 20 (2), in the case of another substrate that can be laminated with a rigid material 800, a rigid material (screw 85) is fixed to the through hole 810. However, by this fixing means of the rigid material, the other fixed substrate 800 is laminated and fixed to the fixed base member 80 to form a fixed member (80 + 800).
  • the material of the rigid material 800 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include stone, cement, glass, mortar, wood, plastic, rubber, metal, ceramics, carbon fiber, pottery, and porcelain. it can.
  • the male screw portion 852 of the screw 85 is used as a member provided with a head having a tapered structure.
  • the rigid material 800 is fixed to the fixed object 800 by screwing the part into the rigid material 800 with a shape that allows the head to be buried. it can. Further, it is also possible to appropriately select a fixing means for the rigid member 800 according to the shape of the through-hole and the like.
  • Fig. 21 shows the case where the through hole is a tapered through hole 9 4 10 It is drawing (vertical sectional view) which illustrated the means.
  • Fig. 21 (1) shows that the fixed object 90 is laminated on the concrete 900 before solidification, and is larger than the narrower one of the through holes 910. Penetrates the head 953 having a smaller diameter than the wide mouth and the locking member 95 provided with the bar-shaped locking portion 951 having the same diameter as the narrow mouth.
  • the fixing part 951 is pressed into the concrete 900 before being solidified while being inserted from the mouth 910, and then the concrete 900 is solidified.
  • the fixing force of the solidified concrete 900 to the locking portion 951 in the locking member 95 acts as the locking force of the head portion 953 to the fixed member 90.
  • the fixed object 90 and the rigid material 900 are fixed.
  • Fig. 21 (2) shows that the fixed object 90 is laminated on the already solidified concrete 900, and is larger than the narrower one of the through-holes 910.
  • the screwing force on the solidified concrete 900 in the screw 955 acts as a locking force on the washer 954 to the fixed member 90, thereby solidifying the fixed member 90 with the fixed member 90.
  • Concrete 900 is fixed.
  • Fig. 22 shows that the rigid material at the through hole and the other substrate are integrated, so that the fixed member and the other substrate are laminated and fixed.
  • 7 is a drawing (longitudinal sectional view) showing an embodiment of a manufacturing process of an embodiment 4 of the present fixed object formed as follows.
  • Fig. 22 (1) shows a form 10 with a recess 10 4 4 1 wider than the through hole at the bottom of the fixed object 80 at the position corresponding to the opening 8 4 10.
  • this fixed object 80 is arranged so that each through-hole 8410 corresponds to each concave part 1041, and from above, it is hardened afterwards to become a rigid material.
  • a material for example, a concrete, a curable rubber, a curable plastic, or the like (referred to as concrete) is poured, and the through hole 8410 and the upper surface of the fixed object 80 are placed on the concrete.
  • Etc. Longitudinal profile filled with 105 FIG. By solidifying concrete 105 in this figure and removing formwork 104, the rigid material of through-hole 8410 and other substrates can be combined with concrete 105 It is possible to manufacture the fixed object that is formed as a desired laminated body integrated with the above.
  • the fixed body manufactured in this manner is a rigid material (concrete etc. 105) surface solidified afterwards on one side, and the other surface is formed according to the shape of the concave portion 1041, as described above. This is the surface where the hardwood appears.
  • the other surface of the fixed object has more resistance to tread pressure than the fixed object having the entire surface of the fixed surface, and is suitable only for use as, for example, a pavement surface material.
  • the lamination of such a net can be produced, for example, by arranging a wire net on the bottom of the mold 104 and arranging the fixed object and following the above-mentioned steps.
  • the portion 1041 may be covered, or only a part thereof (for example, the wire mesh may be covered so as to match the shape of the opening of the through-hole 8110).
  • the fixing force of the laminated surface of the fixed object 80 and the rigid material can be improved by using various fixing means.
  • the extra reinforced portion 106 of the present fixed material is left unnecessarily, and the extra reinforced portion 106 is dried and fiberized.
  • the fixing force in the laminated body of the present invention can be improved.
  • the fixed member 80 provided with the anchor member 86 in advance is fitted into a rigid material before the anchor portion 861 is solidified.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present fixed object having both sides of the substrate surface is positively exemplified, but the fixed object having only one side is not included in the technical range of the present fixed object.
  • the non-base face is a laminated surface with another substrate to constitute the fixed body formed as a laminate.
  • the form in which the roots of the plant are exposed at the bottom and the vegetation substrate and the small object are arranged may be in contact with the small object in the form and the bottom of the vegetation substrate
  • the roots are laminated so as to be in contact with the small objects in the mold form to form a laminate.
  • the roots of the plant are reduced by the small objects.
  • the portion of the vegetation substrate is separated from the laminate, and the separated portion is permanently fixed while using the vegetation substrate portion for the above-mentioned application again.
  • Embodiment 5 is characterized by using a “vegetation substrate with plant roots exposed at the bottom” (when simply described as “vegetation substrate”, this means the vegetation substrate unless otherwise specified).
  • “Vegetation substrate” refers to an aggregate of plants in a state where the plants have one unity in some way, and the plate shape is the most preferable shape in consideration of the laminating step in Embodiment 5. One but not limited to this.
  • the “vegetation substrate” Compared the use of the “vegetation substrate” a plurality of times, it is preferable that the “vegetation substrate” stably maintain a certain shape as much as possible. It is recognized that generally used vegetation substrates such as turf do not endure multiple uses. In addition, these general vegetation substrates are not intended for rooting, but are intended only for the growth of plant parts, etc. (Eg, insufficient rooting). In this regard, the above-mentioned unit fixed matter (hereinafter also referred to as a vegetation fixed matter) is suitable as the “vegetation substrate”.
  • a plate-like body provided with holes for penetrating and exposing the roots of the plant is laminated on the bottom of the vegetation fixed object. Is preferred.
  • a vegetation substrate having such a plate-like body laminated thereon can be easily manufactured by, for example, forming a large number of holes at the bottom of a form such as a pallet, the size of which allows plant roots to penetrate. But it can.
  • Embodiment 5 can be implemented.
  • the minimum required functions of the “plate-like body” are as follows: 1 The vegetation substrate and the “thin object placed in the formwork” that stacks the vegetation substrate should not mix with each other. And (2) that the roots of the plant can penetrate through the holes in the ⁇ -shaped body, and are not necessarily limited to rigid materials. For example, vinyl sheets with holes It does not exclude such soft materials.
  • the bottom of the vegetation substrate (the above-mentioned plate-like body) was placed in the mold by force, ', immediately contacting the small object in the mold, or by extending the root of the vegetation substrate.
  • a vegetation substrate on which a plate-like body is laminated and a formwork on which the small object is arranged are laminated to make contact with the small object to form a laminated body.
  • the fixed part can be manufactured by tension fixing.
  • small object arranged in the formwork may be the “small object itself” that has not been subjected to any process, or may be already attached to the small object in order to further increase the fixing strength by the foundation. It may be a "fixed object of a small object” with a tangled. In this case, the “fixed object of the fine object” may be a single layer or may be in the form of a laminate in which several layers are stacked.
  • the “form” used here is advantageous because it is possible to grasp the elongation of the roots from outside. Therefore, it is better to use a transparent or translucent material (for example, a transparent plastic) than an opaque material. Preferably, there is.
  • a transparent or translucent material for example, a transparent plastic
  • the vegetation substrate and the exposed roots of the vegetation substrate come into contact with the lining surface of the "fixed object of the small object", which is fixed in a fixed shape.
  • the plants on this vegetation substrate are cured, and the roots of the plants are entangled with the above-mentioned fixed object from the opposite direction, and the small object is fixed by bidirectional ridges. It is also possible.
  • a part of the vegetation substrate is separated from the laminated body, and the vegetation substrate part is used again for the above-mentioned application to manufacture the fixed object in which the fine object is held in the shape of the mold. it can.
  • the above “separation” step can be performed by cutting a plant root existing between the vegetation substrate portion and the fixed object portion. In such a separation step, if the above-mentioned “plate-like body” is interposed in the laminated portion of the laminate, the roots of the plant can be easily and evenly cut.
  • Embodiment 5 (Production Method 5) will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • Fig. 23 (Fig. 23-1 and 2), (1) shows that the small object 1 1 1 is fixed in a fixed shape by the root 1 1 3 of the plant 1 1 2 from one direction. This shows a fixed object 1 110 of a small object formed.
  • (2) shows the step of turning over the fixed object 110 of the small object and cutting the plant part of the plant 112. At this stage, the plant is preferably dead.
  • (3) is obtained by cutting the plant part of the plant ⁇ 12 obtained in (2) with the rooted surface of the fixed object 110 (the rooted surface of the root 113) facing up, This shows the step of disposing them on the formwork 114, and (4) shows the stage where this step has been completed. It can be seen that the fixed object of the small object ⁇ 10 force, ', is placed on the formwork 114 with the rooted surface facing up.
  • (5) shows the step of laminating the vegetation substrate 120 with the plate-like body on the fixed object 110 of the thin object arranged in the formwork of (4).
  • the vegetation substrate 120 with a plate-like body has a mode similar to the fixed object of the small object arranged in the formwork shown in (4) [the thin object 1 21 is the same as the 1 1 1 1, plant 1 2 2 corresponds to 1 1 2, root 1 2 3 corresponds to 1 1 3, formwork (plate) 1 2 4 corresponds to 1 1 4), but form 1 The difference is that a large number of holes 1 2 4 1 are provided on the bottom surface of 2 4. That is, the roots 123 of the plant 122 are exposed to the outside through a large number of holes 1241. [The configuration of the vegetation substrate 120 is shown in FIG. 24. In FIG.
  • the base substrate 120 ′ on which the small object 121 is fixed by the roots of the root 122 of the plant 122 is formed with a number of holes 122 1. Arrange so that the lining surface 126 is in contact with the provided bottom plate (Fig. 24 (1)). Next, by curing the plant 122 until its roots 1 2 3 penetrate the hole 1 2 4 1 (Fig. 24 (2): Enlarged view near the hole 1 2 4 1), 120 can be produced].
  • the exposed roots 1 2 3 of the vegetation substrate 1 20 are attached to the fixed surfaces of the fixed objects 1 1 0 Laminate so that they are in contact.
  • (6) shows the stage at which this laminating step has been completed.
  • the root ⁇ 23 is converted into a fine solid product 110. Entanglement from the opposite direction, and fix fine object 1 2 1 by rooting in both directions.
  • (8) is a small fixed object 1 1 from the laminate 1 1 0 + 1 2 0 from which the form 1 1 4 has been removed, and the roots (1 1 3 and 1 1 3 ') are entangled from both directions. This shows the process of separating 0 '.
  • the separated vegetation substrate 120 can be used again as a vegetation substrate in a manufacturing process of a fixed object of the same small object. In this case, by sowing the thin object of the vegetation substrate again, it is possible to maintain / improve the rooting of the vegetation substrate.
  • Fig. 25 (longitudinal section), the use of a mold 13 4 deeper than the above mold 12 4 [Fig. 25 (1)] 3 can be stretched so as to hang downward in the mold form 134 of the laminated body 120 + 130 [FIG. 25 (2)].
  • (1) not only the elongation of the roots 1 23 downward, but also the efficiency of the rooting to the fine objects 13 1 tends to be improved. It is easy to cut.
  • (3) The root (2) The cut part of (2) (3) rises on the fixed object (1), so to speak, the final form of the fixed object (eg, the fixed object) Mortar, concrete, etc. can be applied on top of this and laminated. Further, it is possible to easily provide a fixed rooted material from which the seed portion has been removed.
  • Fig. 26 (1) (Fig. 26 is a vertical sectional view), the fine object 141 is fixed. At the bottom of the formwork 144 used for cutting, there are a number of small holes 1441 large enough to allow at least one root 14421 of the plant ⁇ 42 to penetrate. I have. At least some of the stomas 14 1 have roots 14 2 of plants 14 2 that are in contact with parts (144 2) other than stomas 14 1 at the bottom of form 14 4 1 As a means of preventing movement and penetration into the small hole 1441, a convex structure protruding from the edge of the small hole 1441 toward the inside of the formwork 144 4 3 are provided. In the mold 144 having such a structure, the small object 41 and the plant 142 are arranged, and the plant 142 is rooted (Fig. 26 (2)).
  • Fig. 28 (1) shows that the root ⁇ 4 2 1 is trapped by the convex structure 1 4 4 3 and stops at the portion 1 4 4 2 other than the stoma (Fig. 28 is an enlarged vertical sectional view). )].
  • FIG. 29 (longitudinal sectional view) shows a process of efficiently manufacturing a plurality of the fixed objects by stacking the molds using the principle shown in FIG.
  • the rooting unit substrate 140a shown in FIG. 256 (2) [the substrate in the state of FIG. 26 (3) may be used]
  • the unit substrate 14 0b and 140c are stacked in order from the top so that the unit substrates can be detached from each other to form a unit substrate stacked body 1400.
  • Both the unit substrates 140b and 140c are in the form of a mold on which thin objects are arranged, but the mold 144b of the unit substrate 140b is In contrast to the formwork with small elements L1441b provided with a convex structure 1442b similar to that shown in Fig. 26 (1), the mold in the unit substrate 140c is used. Frame 144c is provided with such small holes. It is different in that it is not shaken.
  • FIG. 29 (2) the plant 1442a of the unit substrate laminate 1400 is cured, and its roots 1421a are elongated, and the fine cells arranged on each unit substrate are stretched.
  • the figure shows a state in which the object is fixed by the root 1 2 1 a.
  • the narrow object 141a arranged on the rooting unit substrate 140a is fixed in the same manner as the fine object 141 in FIG. 26 (3).
  • the fine object 1 4 1 b arranged on the unit substrate 1 4 0 b is a plant that extends through the small holes 1 4 4 1 a of the rooting unit substrate 1 4 0 a among the roots 1 4 2 1 a
  • the root of 1 4 2 a is fixed by the root 1 4 2 1 b.
  • the fine object 141c arranged on the unit substrate 140c is a plant 1 extending from the root 1442b through the small hole 1441b of the unit substrate 104b. 4 2a root 1 4 2 1 c
  • the part that extends toward the small hole 1441b passes through the small hole 1441b as it is, and is a thin object placed in the formwork 144c.
  • 14 1 c is fixed as a root 1 4 2 1 c.
  • a part of the root 1442b extending toward the portion 1442b other than the small hole is trapped by the convex structure 14443b of the formwork ⁇ 44b. Then, the small object 141b is fixed to the portion 1442b.
  • the roots connecting the unit substrates 140 a to c by extending the unit substrate stacked body 140 0 that has undergone such a process from the source unit substrate 140 a. Is cut into each unit board 144 a to c while cutting at each connection part, and the thin objects fixed by tensioning are removed from each of the molds 144 a to c. If necessary, the plant 144a can be made unreproducible to obtain 3 units of the fixed substance.
  • a plurality of unit substrates 14 Ob are laminated, a rooting unit substrate 140 a is laminated on the upper side of the laminated body, and a unit substrate 140 c is laminated on the lower side.
  • the plant in order to improve the degree of fixation of the small-sized unit substrate under the unit substrate laminate 1400, for example, after the state shown in FIG.
  • the plant is placed on the rooting unit substrate 140a.
  • the roots of the plant can be extended again and entangled with the fine objects of each unit substrate a to c.
  • the rooting unit substrate ⁇ 40 a can be used repeatedly for the same purpose. It is possible. As long as it is used only for this purpose, it is not always necessary to provide a convex structure 1 4 4 3 a on the formwork ⁇ 4 4 a, but the narrowing of the rooting unit substrate ⁇ 40 a 1 4 1 a When an object is used as the fixed object, it is necessary to maintain the roots in the rooting unit substrate 140a by the convex structure 1443a. In the unit substrate 144b, it is preferable to always provide the convex structure 3443b.
  • FIG. 30 shows an overall schematic view of such a fixed object 50 in which both surfaces are fixed.
  • the roots of the plant roots 1521a and b are recognized on both the front and back surfaces of the flat object 151, and these two-way rootings make the plant thin.
  • Object 15 1 is fixed.
  • some of the protruding roots are left as projections, but it is also possible to delete all the protruding roots.
  • a pattern of the elongation according to the shape and distribution of the small holes provided in the mold is recognized. It is also possible to positively use this rooted pattern, for example, to use the fixed object as a wall material or the like.
  • the present invention provides a means for obtaining an excellent “natural regression material”.

Abstract

L'objectif de l'invention est de créer des moyens permettant d'obtenir un matériau excellent pouvant être recyclé dans la nature. A cet effet, on a prêté attention à l'importante puissance d'enracinement de plantes. En exploitant cette puissance d'enracinement en tant que moyen pour la fixation de corps fin, on obtient un matériau, dans lequel des corps fins ont été fixés selon une forme définie, non pas selon un procédé de production industrielle, mais selon un procédé de production agricole, ce qui permet d'atteindre l'objectif susmentionné.
PCT/JP1999/006128 1998-11-03 1999-11-04 Materiau fixe par exploitation de l'etalement de racines WO2000025570A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU10765/00A AU1076500A (en) 1998-11-03 1999-11-04 Fixed material by taking advantage of root spreading

Applications Claiming Priority (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10/327511 1998-11-03
JP32751198 1998-11-03
JP13647399 1999-05-17
JP11/136475 1999-05-17
JP13647299 1999-05-17
JP13647599 1999-05-17
JP11/136472 1999-05-17
JP11/136473 1999-05-17
JP19193999 1999-07-06
JP11/191939 1999-07-06
JP11/247329 1999-09-01
JP24732999 1999-09-01
JP28482899 1999-10-05
JP11/284828 1999-10-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2000025570A1 true WO2000025570A1 (fr) 2000-05-11

Family

ID=27566035

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP1999/006128 WO2000025570A1 (fr) 1998-11-03 1999-11-04 Materiau fixe par exploitation de l'etalement de racines

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU1076500A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000025570A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2850527A1 (fr) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-06 Arnold Julia Procede et dispositif de realisation d'un revetement vegetal ainsi que le revetement vegetal obtenu

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5729217A (en) * 1980-07-26 1982-02-17 Mizumoto Masao Moss cultivation
JPS63143135U (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-21
WO1995017084A1 (fr) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-29 Toshikeikaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd. Dispositif de reverdissement comprenant un bryotphyte, son procede de production et son utilisation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5729217A (en) * 1980-07-26 1982-02-17 Mizumoto Masao Moss cultivation
JPS63143135U (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-21
WO1995017084A1 (fr) * 1993-12-20 1995-06-29 Toshikeikaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd. Dispositif de reverdissement comprenant un bryotphyte, son procede de production et son utilisation

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2850527A1 (fr) * 2003-02-05 2004-08-06 Arnold Julia Procede et dispositif de realisation d'un revetement vegetal ainsi que le revetement vegetal obtenu

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