Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
  • D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
  • D21C9/1084—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with reducing compounds
  • D21C9/1089—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with reducing compounds with dithionites
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
  • C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
  • C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
  • C07C229/24—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having more than one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton, e.g. aspartic acid
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
  • C07C227/04—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups
  • C07C227/06—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups by addition or substitution reactions, without increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of the acid
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
  • D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
  • D21C9/1026—Other features in bleaching processes
  • D21C9/1042—Use of chelating agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
  • D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
  • D21C9/16—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds
  • D21C9/163—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor with per compounds with peroxides

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid alkali salts by reacting maleic acid and ammonia in an aqueous medium in the presence of alkali metal hydroxides and working up them.
• the resulting products can be used as complexing agents for alkaline earth and heavy metal ions in the areas of detergents and cleaning agents, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, electroplating, building materials, textiles and paper. In these areas, the use as a water softener, bleach stabilizer, micro-nutrient fertilizer and setting retarder is particularly noteworthy.
• the invention further relates to
• EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
• DTPA diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
• NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
• Phosphates are complexing agents that contribute to the eutrophication of water. In summary, these are ecotoxicological properties that are perceived as disadvantageous today.
• Iminodisuccinic acid is now a complexing agent that shows easy biodegradability and thus has an ecotoxicological advantage over the previous complexing agents.
• GB 1 306 331 describes the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid from maleic acid and ammonia in a molar ratio of 2: 3 to 2: 5 at temperatures of 60 to 155 ° C. For working up, either hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution are added.
• JP 6/329 606 describes a three-stage process for the production of iminodisuccinic acid. First, a maleic acid derivative reacts with ammonia in an aqueous medium. This is followed by the addition of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides. The third stage of the process is followed by a so-called ripening process. JP 6/329 607 also describes a three-stage process for the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid.
• a maleic acid derivative is first reacted with ammonia in an aqueous medium. This is followed by the addition of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides in the second stage. In the third stage, the reaction is continued after the addition of another maleic acid derivative.
• This patent application expressly states that maleic anhydride, maleic acid or the maleic ammonium salt are used as maleic acid derivatives. The desired reaction should hardly take place with the metal salts of maleic acid, so that one cannot achieve the goal.
• the invention therefore relates to a process for the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid alkali salts, which is characterized in that maleic anhydride (MA), alkali metal hydroxide (MeOH), ammonia (NH 3 ) and water in a molar ratio of MA:
• MeOH: NH 3 : H 2 O 2: 0.1-4: 1.1-6: 5-30 at temperatures of 70-170 ° C, under pressures of 1-80 bar and reaction times of 0.1-100 h are reacted from the reaction mixture with the addition of water and 0-4 mol of MeOH per 2 mol of ur MSA ammonia and water originally used are distilled off at temperatures of 50-170 ° C. under pressures of 0.1-50 bar within 0.1-50 h and, after the distillation, water is added in such an amount that the resulting solution is a Solids content of 5-60%, based on the total weight of the solution contains.
• the process according to the invention has the advantage that it can be carried out batchwise or continuously and a high degree of economy can be achieved in the process. This is of great importance because, despite all the advantages, environmentally friendly products can only be competitive if they can be manufactured under appropriate economic conditions.
• the process according to the invention does not generate any waste, since after the ammonia is distilled, which can be recycled and reused and, if appropriate, reused, the remaining product is completely used. This product is also easily biodegradable according to OECD 301 E. In the process and product, economy and ecology are combined in a previously unknown manner.
• MSA can first be converted to the corresponding maleic acid salts with water via the maleic acid stage or, alternatively, directly with aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution.
• the second one Dosage variant proved to be advantageous.
• the maleic acid salt is used in yields of> 92%, preferably> 95%, particularly preferably> 98% of the theoretical amount in the further process.
• MSA and MeOH are preferably used in a molar ratio of 2: 0.5-3.9, particularly preferably 2: 0.9-3.5, very particularly preferably 2: 1.5-3.1.
• MSA and NH3 are preferably used in a molar ratio of 2: 1.2-5.5, particularly preferably 2: 1.5-4.5, very particularly preferably 2: 1.9-3.5.
• MSA and H2O are preferably used in a molar ratio of 2: 5.5-25, particularly preferably 2: 6-20, very particularly preferably 2: 6.5-15.
• the maleic acid salt is produced from MA, MeOH and water at temperatures of at least 60 ° C, for example at 60-130 ° C, preferably at 70-120 ° C, particularly preferably at 80-115 ° C, at which a quick and complete
• the maleic acid salt can be in the form of a suspension or solution, preferably a solution, which can also be stirred for several hours without significant losses in yield.
• the addition can be carried out equally both in a batch and in a continuous process.
• the maleic acid salt solutions formed from MA, MeOH, ammonia and water are at temperatures of 70-170 ° C, preferably at 80-160 ° C, particularly preferably at 85-150 ° C, very particularly preferably 90-145 ° C and reaction times of 0 , 1- 100 h, preferably 0.2-50 h, particularly preferably 0.3-25 h, very particularly preferably 0.5-20 h.
• the reaction can be carried out in both discount and continuous reactors.
• the reaction is usually carried out under the automatically set pressure. Pressures of up to 50 bar, preferably up to 30 bar, particularly preferably up to 20 bar can occur.
• An overlay with inert gases, especially in discount reactors, can also be carried out, whereby
• the reaction conditions achieve a maleic acid conversion of> 93%, preferably> 95%, particularly preferably> 98% of the theoretical conversion.
• the reaction mixture with the addition of water and 0-4 mol, preferably 0.5-3.5 mol, particularly preferably 0.7-3.0 mol, very particularly preferably 0.9-2.5 mol of MeOH distilled ammonia and water per 2 moles of MSA originally used.
• the addition of water and MeOH can take place before or during the distillation in both the discount and the continuous process.
• the amount of water added is such that in the remaining work-up mixture a solids content of 75% by weight, preferably 70% by weight, particularly preferably 65% by weight, based on the total weight of the approach is not exceeded.
• the distillation takes place at temperatures of 50-170 ° C, preferably at 60-150 ° C, particularly preferably at 70-140 ° C, very particularly preferably 80-135 ° C and pressures from 0.1 to 50 bar, preferably 0.5 to 20 bar within 0.1 to 50 hours, preferably 0.3 to 30 hours, particularly preferably 0.5 to 25 hours, very particularly preferably 0.9 to 20 hours .
• R hydrocarbon residue of the underlying carboxylic acid
• Salts are present in amounts of ⁇ 35%, preferably ⁇ 30%, particularly preferably ⁇ 26% of the theoretical amounts, maleic acid and its salts (formula 2) with ⁇ 7%, preferably ⁇ 5%, particularly preferably ⁇ 2% of the theoretical Amount, fumaric acid and its salts (formula 3) with ⁇ 20%, preferably ⁇ 15%, particularly preferably ⁇ 10% of the theoretical amount, malic acid and its salts (formula 4) with ⁇ 7%, preferably ⁇ 5%, particularly preferably ⁇ 3% of the theoretical amount and aspartic acid and its salts (formula 5) with ⁇ 25%, preferably ⁇ 20%, particularly preferably ⁇ 15% of the theoretical amount are present.
• maleic acid and its salts formula 2 with ⁇ 7%, preferably ⁇ 5%, particularly preferably ⁇ 2% of the theoretical Amount
• the carboxyl groups of iminodisuccinic acid and its secondary components are present in acid or salt form in accordance with the amount of MeOH used in the reaction and workup and the amount of ammonia distilled off during the workup.
• Me Na
• iminodisuccinic acid can be obtained as Na 2 - to Na ⁇ salt, preferably as Na 3 - to Na _-.- salt, particularly preferably as Na _-.- salt, with the remaining carboxyl groups optionally as free acid , as well as ammonium salt.
• MeOH carboxyl groups are also available as lithium or potassium salts.
• the products produced in the process according to the invention are distinguished by very low heavy metal contents.
• the total content of chromium, manganese, iron and nickel ions is below 80 ppm, preferably below 60 ppm, particularly preferably below 30 ppm.
• the content of alkaline earth metal ions is below 500 ppm, preferably below 200 ppm, particularly preferably below 100 ppm. Therefore, they stand out
• MA is used in the form of melt, flakes or briquettes, preferably melt or flakes, and ammonia in liquid, gaseous or dissolved in water, preferably in liquid or dissolved in water.
• Aqueous ammonia solutions with contents of> 15% by weight, preferably> 20% by weight, particularly preferably> 25% by weight of NH 3 are used.
• the alkali metal hydroxides MeOH are used in bulk or in aqueous solution in the reaction and workup.
• Aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solutions are metered in in concentrations of 10-60% by weight, preferably 20-55% by weight, particularly preferably 25-50% by weight.
• MA melt is metered into aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at temperatures of> 60 ° C. and then mixed with liquid ammonia or with concentrated aqueous ammonia solution.
• the MSA: NaOH: NH 3 : H 2 O molar ratio is 2: 1.5-3.5: 1.5-3.5: 6-20.
• the starting materials are reacted at temperatures of 90-145 ° C and reaction times of 0.3-25 h.
• Water and ammonia are distilled off from the reaction mixture at from 80-135 ° C. in the course of 0.5-25 h with the addition of water and 0.5-2.5 mol of NaOH per 2 mol of MAA originally used. After the addition of water, with which solids contents of 5-60% by weight are set, and clarification filtration
• product solutions with a high iminodisuccinic acid yield and a high complexing ability are obtained by reaction and working up.
• the secondary components do not impair the complexing ability or the biodegradation.
• the products are largely free of ammonia. They are almost odorless, stable in storage and largely free of disturbing alkaline earth and heavy metal ions. Secondary components only occur to a very minor extent due to condensation and are further reduced by the processing.
• Iminodisuccinic acid alkali salts in particular those produced according to the invention, can be used to increase the whiteness and brightness of vegetable fibers in paper production, for example in the processing of pulp or wood pulp (thermo mechanical pulp) in the pretreatment of the fibers or in the oxidative or reductive bleaching, eg with H 2 O 2 or with sodium dithionite (Na 2 S 2 ⁇ 4), especially in the pretreatment of the chamfers before the bleaching process or in reductive bleaching.
• pulp or wood pulp thermo mechanical pulp
• sodium dithionite Na 2 S 2 ⁇ 4
• HPLC Liquid chromatography
• CE capillary electrophoresis
• CCDK calcium carbonate dispersing capacity
• the CCDK value is measured at pH 11 in mg CaCO 3 per g solid.
• the solution is then adjusted to pH 11 and titrated at 25 ° C. with a 0.10 molar calcium acetate solution until the turbidity begins, which is produced by the precipitated calcium carbonate.
• the titration is monitored using an optical fiber photometer.
• the volume of calcium acetate consumed can be determined from the first kink of the titration curve and the amount of calcium ions bound by the test substance (complexing agent) can be calculated therefrom.
• the amount of bound calcium is given as CaCO 3 / g test substance.
• the product solutions prepared in the examples below are suitable due to their complexing action as stabilizers for peroxo compounds in aqueous solution.
• the stabilization is checked as follows: 98 g of distilled water are mixed with 1.5 g of a 33.3% H 2 O 2 solution. 50 mg of the stabilizer to be tested are added (based on 100% Na salt or solid). The mixture is then adjusted to pH 10.5 and then tempered at 80 ° C. for 35 minutes. The H 2 O 2 content is then determined iodometrically. For comparison, the residual H 2 O 2 content is determined in a blank sample treated under identical conditions (without stabilizer). The degree of stabilization is then determined as follows:
• the product solution was diluted to 4000 g with water and filtered.
• the solids content used for the CCDK value measurement was 33.7% by weight.
• the following yields (% of theory) were obtained: 0.1% maleic acid, 5.6% fumaric acid, 77.5% iminodisuccinic acid and 14.6% aspartic acid.
• 40 g NaOH
• 500 g of ammonia and water were distilled off at 70 ° C. and 240 mbar.
• the product was diluted to 1000 g with water and filtered.
• the solids content was 33.7% by weight.
• the following yields (% of theory) were obtained: 4.7% maleic acid, 8.8% fumaric acid, 77.5% iminodisuccinic acid and 8.6% aspartic acid.
• 80 g 2 mol NaOH
• 500 g ammonia and water were distilled off at 70 ° C. and 240 mbar.
• the product was diluted to 1000 g with water and filtered.
• the solids content was 33.7% by weight.
• the following yields (% of theory) were obtained: 0.5% maleic acid, 6.7% fumaric acid, 77.0% iminodisuccinic acid and 11.8% aspartic acid.
• the reaction product was then continuously mixed in a static mixer with 991 g / h - 3.92 mol / h 15.8% by weight sodium hydroxide solution.
• the solution was then driven onto the top of a bubble tray column consisting of ten trays and operated at approx. 520 g / h of stripping steam.
• a bottom temperature of 112 ° C a head temperature of 101 ° C and a liquid volume of about 1.3 liters, 1037 g / h of ammonia and water were distilled off and 1398 g / h of product solution were obtained.
• the solids content was 43.8% by weight.
• the following yields (% of theory) were obtained. 2.3% maleic acid,
• the wood pulp was opened at a consistency of 4% in the disintegrator at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes.
• the product was added to the stirred suspension
• Example 6 as a 1.3 wt .-% solution, based on solids.
• the exposure time is 30 minutes at one temperature of 80 ° C.
• dewatering was carried out to the consistency of 25% required for the bleaching process.
• the bleaching time is 2.5 hours at 60 ° C.
• test sheets were produced with a Rapid-Köthen sheet former and whiteness and brightness were determined in accordance with DIN 53.145 and 53.140, respectively.
• an experiment was carried out without the addition of a complexing agent in the pretreatment. The following results were obtained.
• the wood pulp was broken up as in use example 1 at a consistency of 4% in the disintegrator at 3000 rpm. After an exposure time of 30 min at 80 ° C, the suspension was concentrated to a consistency of 25% using a laboratory filter press. 0.7% NaOH was added to the resulting pulp
• the wood pulp was at a consistency of 4% at 60 ° C with 0.26-0.52% product (corresponds to the solid) from Example 6 and with the exclusion of air with 1.0-1.5% sodium dithionite techn. (approx. 85%>).
• the amount used relates to the otro fiber.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
• Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-04-04 DE DE19713911A patent/DE19713911A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1998
  • 1998-03-23 DK DK98917048T patent/DK0975582T3/da active
  • 1998-03-23 EP EP98917048A patent/EP0975582B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-03-23 WO PCT/EP1998/001670 patent/WO1998045251A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1998-03-23 EP EP02010124A patent/EP1247800B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-03-23 KR KR1020057017741A patent/KR100592446B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-03-23 DE DE59813446T patent/DE59813446D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-03-23 JP JP54230498A patent/JP4027992B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-03-23 AU AU70399/98A patent/AU7039998A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-03-23 ES ES98917048T patent/ES2183345T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-03-23 CA CA002285308A patent/CA2285308C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-03-23 DE DE59806191T patent/DE59806191D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-03-23 BR BR9809063-1A patent/BR9809063A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1998-03-23 AT AT98917048T patent/ATE227260T1/de active
  • 1998-03-23 AT AT02010124T patent/ATE321020T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-03-23 KR KR10-1999-7009039A patent/KR100539643B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-03-23 US US09/381,792 patent/US6107518A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-03-23 PT PT98917048T patent/PT975582E/pt unknown
• 2000
  • 2000-06-01 US US09/585,224 patent/US6207010B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2007
  • 2007-08-15 JP JP2007211739A patent/JP2007327168A/ja active Pending

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