WO1997000168A1 - Feuille de resine, procede et equipement de production, source lumineuse superficielle et bloc stratifie - Google Patents
Feuille de resine, procede et equipement de production, source lumineuse superficielle et bloc stratifie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997000168A1 WO1997000168A1 PCT/JP1996/001319 JP9601319W WO9700168A1 WO 1997000168 A1 WO1997000168 A1 WO 1997000168A1 JP 9601319 W JP9601319 W JP 9601319W WO 9700168 A1 WO9700168 A1 WO 9700168A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- sheet
- composite
- flow
- resin layer
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/22—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers with means connecting the layers, e.g. tie layers or undercuts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
- B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/023—Optical properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0268—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the fabrication or manufacturing method
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/1221—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths made from organic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S385/00—Optical waveguides
- Y10S385/901—Illuminating or display apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
- Y10T428/24521—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness with component conforming to contour of nonplanar surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
- Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light-diffusing sheet, a light-guiding sheet, a design sheet with a deep feeling and a standing feeling suitable for applications such as lighting covers, lighting windows, building materials, road signs, signboards, and liquid crystal display devices.
- the present invention relates to a resin sheet applicable to various purposes and uses, and a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method of the resin sheet.
- the present invention also relates to a surface light source element using the resin sheet as a light guide, and a laminate in which the resin sheets are stacked. Background art
- the light diffusing resin sheet there are known one in which the surface of the transparent resin sheet is made uneven using a mold, and one in which a light diffusing agent or a light scattering agent is coated on the back surface of the transparent resin sheet. Have been.
- a design sheet there is known a sheet obtained by subjecting a surface of a transparent resin sheet to shading printing, shadow printing, and the like, and a sheet having an uneven shape formed inside the sheet.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-36742 discloses a glittering decorative sheet in which a transparent resin layer, a transparent embossed resin layer, and a light reflecting layer are sequentially laminated.
- this sheet has a light reflection layer laminated on the uneven portion of the transparent embossed resin layer, and is suitable for a light guide used by irradiating light from the back surface or side surface of the sheet. Absent.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-256735 discloses that a V-groove is formed on one surface of a polyvinyl chloride sheet, and the other surface is smooth on the surface of the sheet where the V-groove is formed.
- Composite sheet bonded with a transparent polyvinyl chloride sheet This discloses a cut glass sheet in which a sealed air layer is formed in the V-shaped groove.
- such a sheet having an air layer inside is used as a light guide because the difference in refractive index between the resin layer and the air layer is too large and the light diffusivity is too large.
- a rear light source device used for a liquid crystal display device, a signboard, a traffic guide plate, and the like there is an edge light type in which a linear light source is arranged on an end face of a plate-shaped light guide.
- Such an edge-light type rear light source device usually uses a plate-shaped transparent material such as an acrylic resin plate as a light guide, and transmits light from a light source disposed at one end of the light guide into the light guide.
- This is a device that emits light in a plane from the surface (light emission surface) of the light guide body.
- the light guide used here usually has a light scattering portion and / or a light diffusion portion on the front surface or the back surface. In such a surface light source element, it is necessary to ensure the uniformity of the luminance of the emitted light without being affected by the distance from the light source. This performance is especially important for large area light source devices.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-127159 discloses a surface light source element in which a light diffusing substance such as titanium white is printed in a dot shape on the surface of a light guide and a prism sheet is mounted on a light emitting surface.
- a light diffusing substance such as titanium white
- a prism sheet is mounted on a light emitting surface.
- uniformity of luminance can be obtained by changing the coverage of the dot according to the distance from the light source.
- the dot pattern must be concealed by a sheet having light diffusivity, which results in a decrease in luminance and a complicated configuration of the surface light source element.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-84618 discloses a surface light source having a light guide surface (light emitting surface) and at least one of its back surfaces as a matte surface and a prism sheet placed on the light emitting surface. An element is disclosed. Such a face Although the light source element can obtain very high luminance, it is not satisfactory in the uniformity of the luminance of the emitted light. Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to provide a transparent resin sheet that can be used as a light guide, a light diffusing sheet, a design sheet, and the like.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method capable of manufacturing this resin sheet with low cost and high productivity.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a surface light source element using the resin sheet as a light guide.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a resin sheet laminate in which the resin sheets are laminated.
- the resin sheet has a smooth outer surface, and the refractive index of the resin in the adjacent resin layer. Are different,
- the cross section of the xy plane indicates the boundary between resin layer A and resin eyebrow C and the boundary between resin layer B and resin layer C.
- a resin sheet at least one of which has an irregular shape.
- a resin sheet having a laminated structure of a transparent resin layer A and a transparent resin layer B, with a smooth outer surface
- the refractive index of the resin of the adjacent resin layers is different
- a composite having a predetermined width in the X direction, a predetermined thickness in the Y direction, and a predetermined length in the Z direction, and having a composite flow forming part (22) at one end in the Z direction and a composite outlet (23) at the other end.
- Resin flow path (21)
- At least one of the flow paths (41, 42) for resin a and resin b has a section with a large height in the Z direction (Ln and Rn or Rn) and a section with a small height in the Z direction (including zero). And (Lm and or Rm) are alternately arranged,
- a composite having a predetermined width in the X direction, a predetermined thickness in the Y direction, and a predetermined length in the Z direction, and having a composite flow forming part (22) at one end in the Z direction and a composite outlet (23) at the other end.
- Resin flow path (21)
- At least one of the flow channels (41, 42) for resin a and resin b has an XZ cross section with a large height in the Z direction (Ln and / or Rn) and a small height in the Z direction (including zero). And (Lm and or Rm) are alternately arranged,
- a method for producing a resin sheet comprising collecting a resin sheet flowing out from an outlet (23).
- the resin a for the transparent resin layer A and the resin b for the transparent resin layer B are passed through each of the two flow paths (41, 42) to form a composite flow forming section ( 22) to deform the cross-sectional shape of the joint between the two resins by the flow action of resin a and resin b.
- the resin sheet (1) or (2) is used as a light guide (51),
- a light source (53) is installed on at least one end face (yz plane) in the X direction of the light guide,
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an example of the device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the device of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan sectional view schematically showing an example of the internal structure of the device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line II in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view taken along line ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an example of a resin flow path in the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a resin layer formed in the composite resin flow channel shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another example of the resin flow path in the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a resin layer formed in the composite resin flow channel in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining still another example of the resin flow path in the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a resin layer formed in the composite resin flow channel in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the cross-sectional shape of the resin layer formed in the resin flow path in the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the shape of the resin flow path in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another example of a cross-sectional shape of a resin layer formed in a resin flow channel in the apparatus of FIG.
- 16a to 16f are schematic cross-sectional views showing other examples of the resin flow path as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another example of the resin flow path in the apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic plan sectional view showing another example of the structure of the device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic plan sectional view showing another example of the structure of the device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 19a is a schematic plan sectional view showing a base portion of the apparatus of FIG. 18, and FIG. 19b is a sectional view taken along line I-I in FIG. 19a.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic plan sectional view showing an example of the internal structure of the device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the resin flow path in the device of FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a resin layer formed in the composite resin flow channel in FIG.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the resin flow path in the device of FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a resin layer formed in the composite resin flow channel in FIG.
- FIG. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the resin flow path in the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a resin layer formed in the composite resin flow channel in FIG.
- FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a resin layer formed in a composite resin flow channel when a resin flow channel having another shape in FIG. 21 is used.
- FIG. 28 is a schematic sectional view showing still another example of the resin flow path in the apparatus of FIG.
- 29a to 29i are cross-sectional views each showing an example of the structure of a resin sheet obtained by the apparatus of the present invention.
- 30a to 30k are cross-sectional views each showing another example of the structure of the resin sheet obtained by the apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 31a to 31h are cross-sectional views each showing another example of the structure of the resin sheet obtained by the apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is a schematic view showing one example of the surface light source element of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for evaluating a surface light source element in the example.
- FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a resin sheet obtained in a comparative example, in which an air layer exists inside.
- the X direction is the width direction of the resin sheet
- the Y direction is the thickness direction of the resin sheet
- the Z direction is the resin sheet. Match the direction of travel.
- the Z direction can be taken in the vertical direction as shown in Fig. 4 or in the horizontal direction as shown in Fig. 2.
- the device according to the first embodiment has a shape and arrangement of two channels 41 and Z or 42 for flowing the resin a for the resin layer A and the resin b for the resin layer B in the composite flow forming section 22. It has significant features (Fig. 4). That is, the shapes of the flow paths 41 and / or 42 in the XZ cross section include a portion Rn and Z or Ln having a large height in the Z direction and a portion Rm and Z or a portion having a small height (which may be zero) in the Z direction. Lm is alternately arranged (Fig. 6).
- FIG. 1 shows an apparatus in which a resin a for forming the resin layer A and a resin b for forming the resin layer B are the same resin.
- This resin is referred to as resin a (b).
- the resin a (b) is melt-extruded into the shaping head by the first extruder 1, reaches the first metering pump 3 through the first flow path 11, and forms a resin layer C for forming the resin layer C.
- c is melt-extruded into the same shaping head by the second extruder 2 and passes through the second flow path 12 to the second fixed amount. Leads to pump 4.
- the resin a (b) is distributed to two flow paths 13 and 16 on the left and right sides by a distribution nozzle provided in the die pack 5, and forms resin flows of the resin a and the resin b, respectively (FIG. 3).
- the resin c is guided to the flow channel 31 by the distribution nozzle via the flow channel 14 provided in the dipack 5 (FIG. 4).
- one of the resins is supplied by a third extruder (not shown).
- the resin c is discharged from the slit-shaped flow path 31 into the composite flow forming section 22, and forms a sheet-shaped flow having a predetermined thickness (FIG. 4).
- the resin a and the resin b form a composite resin flow by sandwiching the resin c discharged to the composite flow forming section 22 from both sides, and this composite resin is extruded from the composite outlet 23.
- the sheet-like material is cut into a predetermined length by the sheet cutting machine 15 (FIGS. 1 and 2). .
- the film is formed into a thin film, it is wound on a winder via a cooling roll.
- the resin c is affected by the resin a and the resin b due to the relative arrangement of the flow paths 41 and 42, and the cross-sectional shape in the XY cross section is a desired shape. Is transformed into
- FIGS. 1 to 4 are diagrams schematically illustrating an example of the device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic plan views and side views of the entire device, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are the same. It is a plane sectional view and a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the internal structure of the device.
- Figure 5 shows the ⁇ -! [It is a perspective view from the line direction.
- FIG. 6 and 7 show a resin flow path in a manufacturing apparatus according to a representative embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line m_in shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line W-IV shown in FIG.
- the flow path 31 has an outlet with a constant interval from one end in the X direction of the composite flow forming section 22 to the other end.
- the portions Ln and Lm of the flow channel 41 and the portions Rn and Rm of the flow channel 42 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the XZ plane including the flow channel 31.
- the lengths of the parts Ln and Rn in the X direction are equal, and the lengths of the parts Lm and Rm are also equal.
- the heights of A Ln and A Rn in the Z direction are equal, and the heights of A Lm and A Rm are also equal.
- the widths and heights of these parts Ln, Lm and parts Rn, Rm can be changed as appropriate in each device and even in the same device.
- the flow rate and flow rate of resin a and resin b are determined by the width and height of these channels.
- FIG. 8 shows the cross-sectional shape of the resin layer at a position downstream of the composite resin flow path with respect to FIG.
- the resin c flowing out of the flow channel 31 in a flat plate shape is deformed by the flow action of the resin a and the resin b shown by arrows in FIG. 6, and the cross-sectional shape of the resin layer C is as shown in FIGS. 8 and 30a. It has a structure in which lens-shaped blocks are connected.
- FIG. 8 in order to facilitate understanding of the relationship between the shapes of the flow paths 41 and 42 and the cross-sectional shape of the finally manufactured resin sheet, the flow paths upstream of the positions in this figure are shown. 41 and 42 are written for convenience.
- FIG. 9 and 10 are diagrams schematically illustrating another example of the device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line MM in FIG.
- FIG. 9 shows an apparatus in which parts Ln and Lm are formed in one flow path 41 and neither part Rn nor Rm is formed in the other flow path 42.
- the cross-sectional shape of the flow channel 41 is the same as in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a composite diagram displayed in the same manner as in FIG.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 are diagrams schematically showing another example of the device according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line min-in in FIG.
- the portion Ln of the flow channel 41 and the Rm of the flow channel 42 are symmetrically arranged, and the Lm of the flow channel 41 and the Rn of the flow channel 42 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the XZ plane including the flow channel 31.
- the cross-sectional shapes of the channels 41 and 42 are the same as in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a composite diagram displayed in the same manner as in FIG.
- FIG. 13 shows that the arrangement relationship of the parts Ln and the like of the flow paths 41 and 42 is the same as that of FIG. 6, and as shown in FIG. Fig. 4 shows an apparatus having a structure capable of flowing a small amount.
- FIG. 13 is a composite diagram displayed in the same manner as in FIG.
- FIG. 15 shows a device in which the directions of the flow paths 41 and 42 in FIG. 6 are inclined at a predetermined angle ⁇ with respect to the YZ plane.
- FIG. 15 is a composite diagram displayed in the same manner as in FIG.
- the flow paths 41 and 42 flowing into the composite flow forming section 22 can be inclined at a predetermined angle 0 with respect to the XZ plane.
- the outlet of the flow channel 31 can have various structures according to the purpose.
- the base 44 can be attached to narrow the distance between the X direction and the Y direction of the cross section of the flow path (XY cross section) toward the flow path outlet 45.
- XY cross section cross section of the flow path
- outlet of the flow channel 31 may be configured so as to be unevenly distributed on one side of the flow channel 41 or 42 from the state shown in FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic plan sectional view showing an example of the internal structure of the device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the difference from the device according to the first embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 3) is that there is no flow path for resin c, and the other points are basically the device according to the first embodiment. Is the same as
- this device includes the same composite resin channel 21 and channels 41 and 42 as the device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Various arrangements, sizes and shapes of the portions Ln and Lm of the flow channel 41 and the portions Rn and Rm of the flow channel 42 can be adopted as in the case of the device according to the first embodiment.
- the portion Ln of the flow path 41 and the Rm of the flow path 42 are symmetric with respect to the XZ plane passing through the center of the composite flow forming section 22, and the Lm of the flow path 41 and the Rn of the flow path 42 Are symmetrically arranged.
- the cross-sectional shapes of the channels 41 and 42 are the same as in FIG.
- a resin sheet having a broken line shape in the Xy cross section of the boundary surface between both resin layers is manufactured.
- FIG. 22 is a composite diagram displayed in the same manner as in FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a composite diagram displayed in the same manner as in FIG.
- the device of FIG. 25 is a device in which the positional relationship of the portion Ln of the flow channel 41 and the Rn of the flow channel 42 in the X direction is slightly shifted from the device of FIG. This device When used, a resin sheet as shown in FIG. 26 or FIG. 31e is produced.
- FIG. 26 is a composite diagram displayed in the same manner as in FIG.
- FIG. 27 is a composite diagram, fc, displayed in a manner similar to FIG.
- the directions of the flow paths 41 and 42 can be inclined by a predetermined angle ⁇ with respect to the YZ plane. In this case, a resin sheet as shown in FIG. 31e is produced.
- the flow paths 41 and 42 flowing into the composite flow forming section 22 can be inclined at a predetermined angle 0 with respect to the XZ plane.
- thermoplastic resins can be used as the resin.
- the resins a, b and c for the resin layers A, B and C are not particularly limited as long as they are transparent resins.
- various acrylic resins represented by polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polycarbonate, and polymethyl methacrylate, amorphous polyolefin, polyamide, polymethyl pentene, and the like.
- acrylic resins are preferred, and polymethyl methacrylate is particularly preferred.
- each resin a, resin b, and resin c is appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- the adhesion between the resins affects the productivity of the sheet, it is necessary to consider the adhesion between the resins. Also laminated It is also important to use a combination of resins that has a small difference in melting temperature between each resin.
- the three layers A, C and ⁇ have the same or similar physical properties of the resins a and b of the layer ⁇ and the layer B. It is preferred that the resin b and the resin b are the same or the same resin.
- a resin sheet when a resin sheet is given a design or a sense of depth, or when it is given an optical property, it can be colored by mixing an organic or inorganic dye or pigment in each resin layer. Also, a light diffusing agent or the like can be mixed.
- the concavo-convex shape of the interface between the resin layers formed on the Xy cross section of the sheet has a polygonal line shape and a saw blade shape. It can take a curved shape such as a linear shape such as, a semicircular shape, a semielliptical shape, a wavy shape, a parabolic shape of nth order, and a parabolic shape of 1Zn order.
- the light diffusivity can be adjusted by appropriately selecting.
- the repetition pitch p of the concave unit, the thickness of the resin layer C or the resin layer B (that is, the values of V and t in the figure), the thickness of the entire sheet, and the like are appropriately determined according to the purpose of providing the function. I can decide.
- the values of the repetition pitch ⁇ and hZp of the concave-convex unit can be appropriately changed in one sheet. However, from the viewpoint of achieving uniform light diffusion, it is preferable that the pitch p be the same in one sheet.
- the production apparatus of the present invention can produce a resin sheet having an uneven shape inside the sheet in one step, and has a remarkable effect that the production speed is extremely high.
- the resin sheet of the present invention has excellent light diffusing properties, it can be used as a light guide of a surface light source element.
- the same directions as the X, y, and z directions of the resin sheet forming the surface light source are defined as the X, y, and z directions, respectively.
- the side to which the reflecting material 52 is attached is set as the back surface (or lower surface), and a light diverting sheet 54 such as a prism is laminated.
- the side is marked as front (or top) (Fig. 32). Therefore, these vertical relations do not always coincide with the vertical relation when the surface light source element is actually used.
- the light source 53 is provided on the light guide and at least one end face (yz plane) in the X direction. In Fig. 32, it is installed on only one end face. Reflectors are appropriately applied to the other two or three end faces where no light source is installed.
- the light guide is composed of two or more resin layers having different refractive indexes, and the interface between the resin layers has an uneven shape, the light is reflected or reflected at the interface and the surface of the light guide according to Snell's law.
- the light propagates through the light guide while repeating refraction. Of the light that reaches the front or back surface of the light guide, light that exceeds the critical angle exits the light guide.
- the inventors of the present invention have found that in the surface light source element, the relationship between the light output intensity (I) at a certain point and the output light intensity (1.) at the end of the light incident surface is as follows: the output ratio ( ⁇ ), It was experimentally found that the distance (L ′) from the light guide and the thickness (t) of the light guide were expressed by the following equation (1).
- the uniformity of the brightness distribution in the surface light source element was evaluated using the degree of variation (R%) expressed by the following equation (3) as a measure of the uniformity of the brightness distribution.
- the degree of variation (R%) is approximately 15 mm away from the light incident end face in the X direction at the center of the light guide in the z direction, at a point that is 15 mm at first, and every 20 mm thereafter.
- the range of up section performs luminance measured at 20 noodles interval, the maximum value of the measured luminance (I ma x), determining the minimum value of the measured luminance (I min :), average value (l av measuring brightness), It is obtained by the following equation (3).
- the emission rate ( ⁇ ) and the degree of variation (R%) had a specific relationship depending on the length (L) and thickness (t) of the light guide. As () increases, the degree of variation (R%) increases accordingly. If the emission rate () is constant, the ratio (LZ t) between the length (L) and the thickness (t) of the light guide increases. The degree of variation (R%) increases as the distance increases. That is, for a light guide of a certain size, the uniformity (variability) of the luminance distribution on the light exit surface of the light guide depends on the emission rate ( ⁇ ) from the light guide. It can be seen that uniformity of the luminance distribution can be achieved by controlling the emission ratio.
- the surface light source element needs to efficiently emit light incident from the incident end face from the light emitting face. Therefore, the emission rate () of the light guide must be a certain value or more. If the emission rate is too low, the amount of light reciprocating in the light guide without being emitted from the emission surface increases. In other words, the emission rate () of the light guide is set to an optimal value that is appropriate for the size of the light guide, taking into account both the uniformity of the brightness distribution in each area of the light emission surface and the increase in brightness. It is necessary.
- the difference in the refractive index between the resins of the adjacent resin layers is preferably from 0.03 to 0.3, and from 0.05 to 0.3. A value of 25 is more preferred, and a value of 0.05 to 0.20 is particularly preferred.
- the difference in refractive index is too small, the change in the light traveling direction at the resin interface is too small, and the emission rate (0) of the light guide becomes too small.
- the difference in refractive index is too large, the change in the traveling direction of light at the resin interface is too large, and the emission rate () of the light guide becomes too large.
- Preferred combinations of resins include combinations of polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene or polyethylene, and polymethyl methacrylate.
- the emission rate of the light guide is determined by the pitch p and the ratio h / p in FIGS. 30 a to k and FIGS. 31 a to h. It is shadowed.
- hZ The value of p is preferably in the range of about 0.05 to 0.5.
- the pitch of the uneven shape is about 600 / m or less. If it is larger than this, the uneven structure will be visible to the naked eye. Not suitable for applications where appearance is important, such as traffic guide boards and liquid crystal display devices. When used for a surface light source element for a liquid crystal display device, it is desirable that the distance be about 200 m or less.
- the lower limit value of the pitch of the uneven shape is not particularly limited, it is preferably about 50 zm or more in consideration of ease of manufacturing.
- the resin sheet of the present invention when used as a light guide in an edge-light type surface light source element as shown in FIG. 32, the light emitted from the surface of the light guide has its maximum value.
- the direction showing the light intensity is inclined more than 50 degrees in the X direction with respect to the normal of the surface (xz plane). Therefore, it is necessary to change the direction of the emitted light to the normal direction where the observer is located. Therefore, in the surface light source element of the present invention, the light diverting sheet 54 is placed on the light guide.
- Examples of the light diverting sheet include a diffusion sheet and a lens sheet in which a large number of columnar lens units are arranged on at least one surface so that the longitudinal directions of the columns are parallel.
- the lens constituting the lens sheet can be adopted depending on the purpose, and examples thereof include a prism shape, a lenticular lens shape, and a corrugated shape.
- the lens unit pitch of the lens sheet is preferably about 30 to 500 m.
- the lens sheet can be placed so that its lens surface is on the light guide side or on the opposite side in consideration of the distribution of light emitted from the light guide.
- the prism apex angle is appropriately selected according to the distribution of light emitted from the light guide, but is generally in the range of 50 to 120 degrees. I prefer to do that.
- a plurality of light diverting sheets can be used as required, if necessary.
- the two lens sheets will be The lenses can be stacked so that the longitudinal directions of the columns of the lens unit are parallel or stacked at an angle.
- the lens sheets can be mounted so that their respective lens surfaces are in either the upper or lower direction, and the lens surfaces of both lens sheets are in opposite directions. You can do it.
- the first prism sheet has the prism surface facing the light guide (that is, facing downward), and the surface of the light guide such that the longitudinal direction of the columnar prism unit is parallel to the z-axis direction of the surface light source element. Place on top.
- the second prism sheet is placed on the first prism sheet with the prism surface facing the light guide (ie, facing upward), and the longitudinal direction of the prismatic unit is Make it parallel to the X-axis direction of the surface light source element.
- the light diverting sheet use a prism sheet with an apex angle of 50 to 70 degrees so that the prism surface is on the light guide side and the lens is a columnar unit. It is preferable to mount the device so that the longitudinal direction of the device is parallel to the z-axis of the surface light source element.
- a resin sheet laminate in which two or more of the resin sheets of the present invention as described above are laminated, wherein the X direction of the adjacent resin sheets has a deviation of a predetermined angle.
- a resin sheet laminate is provided.
- the X directions of adjacent resin sheets can intersect at an angle of 0 to 90 degrees. It is particularly preferable that this crossing angle (deviation angle) is 90 degrees.
- the evaluation method of the surface light source element is as follows.
- a portion having a width of 20 mm at the center of the light emitting surface of the surface light source element 55 in the z direction was defined as a measurement region. Excluding the first 5 mm in the X direction from the light incident surface, it is divided into squares of 20 mm square, and these are areas i, ii, iii, ... ⁇ .
- the cold-cathode tube 53 (KC130T4E 4 mm 0x130 band, manufactured by Matsushita Electric), which is installed on one end surface (yz surface) in the ⁇ direction of the light guide, is passed through an inverter (TDK CXA-M10L) through an inverter. Connect to power supply and apply 12V DC to light up.
- the surface light source element is placed on the measuring table.
- the optical axis of the luminance meter 56 (Minolta, Inc., nt-1 °) is aligned with the normal direction of the Xz plane passing through the center of the measurement area i.
- the normal luminance of the measurement area i is measured, and this value is defined as G i.
- the surface light source element is moved 20 faces in the X direction, and the normal luminance value of the area is measured in the same manner, and this value is defined as Gii. By repeating this operation, the normal luminance value is measured for all the regions.
- the measurement is performed in the same manner as in the above (1) Small surface light source element, except that a 30 W fluorescent lamp is used as the light source.
- each measurement is plotted on the horizontal axis. Plot the ratio (L '/ t) between the distance between the center of the region and the light entrance end of the light guide and the light guide thickness, and the logarithm of the normal luminance (log G i — log G n) on the vertical axis You. After obtaining the gradient (K) of the straight line obtained by the plot, the emission rate () is obtained by the above equation (2).
- the maximum value is I max
- the minimum value is I min
- the average value is I av
- R% is prolonged according to the equation (3).
- Polymethyl methacrylate (Mitsubishi Rayon, Acrylate MD) is used as resin a and resin b, and polycarbonate (Mitsubishi Gas Chemical, Iupilon H-3000) is used as resin c.
- the devices shown in Figs. 1 to 5 were used.
- the die 8 for the resin c the slit gap at the outlet of the flow channel 31 was 1.7 bandages, and as the die 9, the structure of the composite flow forming part was that shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
- the groove portions ARn and ALn were 1 mm, the groove pitch P was 5 mm, and the width of the portions Ln and Rn was 2.5 mm (P 2).
- the shaping temperature was 260 ° C.
- the polymethyl methacrylate was melted in the first extruder 1, passed through the extrusion channel 13, supplied to the die 9, and allowed to flow from the channel 31 into the composite flow forming section 22.
- the polycarbonate was melted in the second extruder 2, supplied to the die 8 via the extrusion flow path 14, and flowed into the composite flow forming section 22 from the flow paths 41 and 42.
- the width (X direction) of the composite resin channel 21 was 50 cm, and the thickness (Y direction) was 5 mm.
- the two resins were combined to form a composite resin flow, which was extruded from the composite outlet 23 to produce a composite sheet having a thickness of 5 cm and a width of 50 cm.
- the obtained sheet has a smooth outer surface, no warp, a cross section having the shape shown in Fig. 30a, a pitch of unevenness of 5 mm, and hZp Was 0.25.
- This sheet has good appearance and light transmittance, and has no unevenness in light diffusivity, and is suitable for applications such as a diffusion plate.
- the structure of the composite flow forming part shown in FIG. 11 was used as the die 9, and a composite resin sheet having a thickness of 5 mm and a width of 50 cm was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the height of the flow path 41 was 1 mm. Were continuously shaped.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface and no warp, the resin layer C had a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 30d, the pitch of the irregularities was 5, and the hZp was 0.25.
- This sheet had good appearance and light transmittance, and had no unevenness in light diffusivity, and was suitable for applications such as lighting covers.
- Example 1 except that the slit gap at the outlet of the flow channel 31 was 3 mm, the pitch P of the grooves of the flow channels 41 and 42 was 1.5 mm, and the width of the portions Ln and Rn was 0.75 mm (P / 2). Similarly, a composite resin sheet having a thickness of 3 mm and a width of 50 cm was continuously formed.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface and no warp, the resin layer C had a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 30a, the pitch of the unevenness was 1.5 mm, and the hZp was 0.25.
- This sheet had good appearance and light transmittance, and had no unevenness in light diffusivity, and was suitable for use as a diffusion plate or the like.
- a composite resin sheet having a thickness of 3 mm and a width of 50 cm was continuously formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the angle ⁇ of the flow path with respect to the YZ plane was set to 60 degrees.
- the obtained sheet has a smooth outer surface, no warp, and the resin layer C It had the cross-sectional shape shown in Fig. 30c, the pitch of the irregularities was 5 mm, and the h / p was 0.25. This sheet had good appearance and light transmittance.
- Ln of the flow channel 41 and Rm of the flow channel 42 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the XZ plane including the flow channel 31, and Lm of the flow channel 41 and Rn of the flow channel 42 are symmetric.
- a composite resin sheet having a thickness of 5 ⁇ 50 cm was continuously formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the die 9 having the structure arranged in the above manner was used.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface and no warp, the resin layer C had a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 29f, and the pitch of the unevenness was five.
- This sheet had good appearance and light transmittance, and was suitable for applications such as diffusion plates.
- the thickness (Y direction) of the composite resin channel 21 is 3 ⁇
- the width (X direction) is 60 cm
- the slit gap at the outlet of the channel 31 is 2.6 mm
- the pitch P of the groove portion is 0.3 mm
- the portion Ln and A sheet having a thickness of 3 mm and a width of 60 cm was continuously formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the width of Rn was 0.15 mm (P 2).
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having the shape shown in FIG. 30e.
- the pitch p of the unevenness was 0.3 mm, and the height h p was 0.15.
- This sheet was good in both appearance and light transmittance, and had no unevenness in light diffusivity, and was suitable for applications such as diffusion plates and light guides.
- the thickness (Y direction) of the composite resin flow path 21 is 5 mm and the width (X direction) is 50 cm.
- a base 44 shown in FIGS. 18 and 19a and 19b is installed.
- Example 6 except that the outlet width (X direction) was reduced to 1 Z 2 (25 cm) and the outlet thickness (Y direction) was reduced to 12 (2.5 mm). In the same manner, a sheet having a thickness of 2.5 mm and a width of 25 cm was continuously formed.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having the shape shown in FIG. 30a.
- the pitch p of the unevenness was 0.15 mm, and the hZp was 0.25.
- This sheet showed good optical characteristics as in the sheet of Example 6.
- the base shown in Fig. 18 and Fig. 19a and 19b is installed, the width of the outlet (X direction) is reduced to 1 Z3 (16.7cm), and the thickness of the outlet ( A sheet of 1.67 mm thick x 16.7 cm wide was continuously formed in the same manner as in Example 7 except that (Y direction) was reduced to 1 no 3 (1.67 mm).
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having the shape shown in FIG. 30a.
- the pitch p of the unevenness was 0.10 mm, and the hZ p was 0.25.
- This sheet showed good optical characteristics as in the sheet of Example 6.
- the structure of the flow channels 41 and 42 was 3 mm thick in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the positions of the parts Ln and Rn were relatively shifted by PZ 2 as shown in FIG. X A 60 cm wide resin sheet was continuously formed.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having a shape in which the pitch of the upper and lower convex portions was relatively shifted by p 2 as shown in FIG. 30h.
- the thickness (Y direction) of the composite resin flow path is 3 mm
- the thickness (Y direction) of the flow path 31 is 0.5 mm
- the pitch P of the grooves of the flow paths 41 and 42 is 0.3 mm
- the width of the partial Ln and Rn A sheet having a thickness of 3 mm and a width of 60 cm was continuously formed in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the width was changed to 0.1 mm (P 3).
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having the shape shown in Fig. 30f.
- the thickness (Y direction) of the composite resin flow path is 3 mm
- the thickness (Y direction) of the flow path 31 is 2.8
- the pitch P of the grooves of the flow paths 41 and 42 is 0.15
- the part Ln A sheet having a thickness of 3 mm and a width of 60 cm was continuously formed in the same manner as in Example 6, except that the width of Rn was 0.075 mm (P / 2).
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having the shape shown in FIG. 30e. '
- the thickness (Y direction) of the composite resin flow path is 10 bands, the thickness (Y direction) of the flow path 31 is 9.6 mm, the pitch P of the grooves of the flow paths 41 and 42 is 0.5 mm, the part Ln and A sheet having a thickness of 10 mm and a width of 60 cm was continuously formed in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the width of Rn was set to 0.25 mm CP / 2).
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having the shape shown in FIG. 30e.
- Example 2 The same polymethyl methacrylate as in Example 1 was used as resin a, and the same polycarbonate as in Example 1 was used as resin b.
- the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 20, 21, and 22 was used.
- the grooves A Rn and A Ln were 1 mm, the pitch P of the grooves was 5 mm, and the width of the parts Ln and Rn was 2.5 mm (P / 2).
- the shaping temperature was 260 ° C.
- Polymethyl methacrylate was melted in the first extruder 1, passed through the extrusion channel 13, supplied to the die 9, and allowed to flow from the channel 41 into the composite flow forming section 22.
- the polycarbonate was melted in the second extruder 2, supplied to the die 9 via the extrusion channel 14, and allowed to flow into the composite flow forming section 22 from the channel 42.
- the two resins were combined to form a composite resin flow, which was extruded from the composite outlet 23 to produce a composite sheet having a thickness of 5 mm and a width of 50 cm.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, a cross section having the shape shown in Fig. 31b, an apex angle of about 90 degrees, and a pitch of unevenness of 5 mm.
- This sheet had good appearance and light transmittance, was free from uneven light diffusion, and was suitable for applications such as diffusion plates.o
- the structure of the composite flow forming part shown in Fig. 23 was used as the die 9, and the thickness of the channel 41 was 5mm x 50cm in the same manner as in Example 13 except that the height of the channel 41 was 1mm.
- This composite resin sheet was continuously shaped.
- the obtained sheet has a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having the shape shown in Fig. 24 or Fig. 31c, an apex angle of about 90 degrees, and an uneven pitch of 5 mm.
- This sheet showed excellent optical characteristics as in the sheet of Example 13.
- Example 13 except that the thickness (Y direction) of the composite resin flow path was set to 3 band widths, the pitch P of the grooves of the flow paths 41 and 42 was set to 2 mm, and the width of the portions Ln and Rn was set to 1 mm (P / 2). In the same manner as described above, a composite resin sheet having a thickness of 3 nun and a width of 50 cm was continuously formed.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, a cross section having the shape shown in FIG. 31b, an apex angle / 3 of about 60 degrees, and a pitch of unevenness of 2 mm.
- This sheet showed good optical properties as in the sheet of Example 13.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface and no warp, and the resin layer C had the cross-sectional shape shown in Fig. 31e.
- the apex angle; ⁇ was about 90 degrees, and the angle was about 25 degrees.
- the pitch of the unevenness was 5 mm.
- This sheet had good appearance and light transmittance.
- the obtained sheet had a smooth outer surface, no warp, and a cross section having the shape shown in FIG. 31h.
- the resin sheet obtained in Example 6 was cut into a length of 100 mm in the z direction and a length of 300 mm in the x direction to provide a light guide (small surface light source element) for measuring the emission ratio.
- a silver-evaporated PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film is adhered to the two X and Y end faces in the length direction of the light guide with an adhesive, and a silver-evaporated PET film is taped to the back of the light guide.
- a reflection surface was formed.
- a cold cathode tube was installed beside the other yz end face of the light guide so that the long side of the tube was in the z direction, and the cold cathode tube and the light guide were covered with silver-deposited PET film. .
- a number of columnar prism units with an apex angle of 63 degrees and a pitch m are formed on PET film using an acrylic UV curable resin with a refractive index of 1.53 so that their longitudinal directions are parallel to each other. Sheets were manufactured. This was placed on the surface of the light guide, with the prism surface facing down and the longitudinal direction of the prism unit being in the z direction. in this way The light emission rate of the small surface light source element manufactured was evaluated and the results in Table 1 were obtained.
- the resin sheet obtained in Example 6 was cut into a length of 100 mm in the z direction and a length of 105 in the X direction to obtain a light guide.
- a silver-evaporated PET film was attached to the two xy end faces and one yz end face of the light guide with an adhesive, and a cold cathode tube was set up beside the other yz end face of the light guide.
- the other conditions were the same as above to produce a small surface light source element for evaluating the degree of dispersion, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
- Example 11 Using the resin sheets obtained in Example 9, Example 11 and Example 17, a small surface light source element was manufactured and the performance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 18, and the results in Table 1 were obtained. I got
- Each of the obtained surface light source elements had a high emission rate and a high degree of variation.
- Comparative Example 2 A 3 mm x 100 mm (Z direction) x 300 mm (X direction) transparent acrylic plate was used by using a mold with a rough surface formed by blasting using a glass bead on a mirror-finished stainless steel plate. The rough surface was transferred to the surface by thermal transfer to form a light guide. A rough surface was transferred by thermal transfer to one surface of a transparent acrylic plate measuring 3 IX 100 mm (Z direction) X 105 mm (X direction) to obtain a light guide. Using these light guides, a small surface light source element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 21, and its performance was evaluated. The results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
- Each of the obtained surface light source elements had a high emission rate and a high degree of variation.
- a spot pattern was formed by screen printing using a white paint containing titanium oxide particles on the back surface of an acrylic resin plate measuring 3 mm x 100 mm (z direction) x i05 mm (x direction). At this time, the density of speckles was reduced near the light incident side end face, and the density was increased as the distance from the light incident face in the X direction increased. Using this as a light guide, a small surface light source element was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 21, and its performance was evaluated. The results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
- the resin sheet obtained in Example 12 was cut to obtain two light guides each having a size of 10 ⁇ 600 mm (z direction) ⁇ 1000 mm (x direction).
- Comparative Example 4 The large surface light source elements shown in Table 1 were manufactured in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, and the performance was evaluated. The results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
- Example 22 Example 12 Figure 30e 0.5 0.15 600 1000 10 155 1.87 Comparative Example 4 Hollow Figure 34 0.5 0.25 600 1000 10 800 7.02
- the pitch P of the grooves is 3 mm
- the width of the parts Ln and Rn is 1.5 mm (P / 2)
- polymethyl methacrylate Mitsubishi Rayon, VCR VH
- a resin sheet having a thickness of 3 and a width of 50 cm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin sheet was used.
- the cross section of the obtained sheet has a saw-tooth shape as shown in Fig. 31b.
- the pitch p of the unevenness is 3 mm, h is 1.5 mm, angle is 45 degrees, vertex angle; (3 is 90 degrees It was.
- the two resin sheets are crossed at 90 degrees in the X direction, both resin layers B are on the inside, and they are bonded together using methylene chloride as an adhesive, with a thickness of 6 mm and a length and width of 50 cm.
- a resin sheet laminate was manufactured.
- the resulting laminate has a lattice-like pattern with a sense of depth and a three-dimensional effect, and has good transmittance and light diffusivity.
- the angle of view due to light reflection and dispersion effect at the internal uneven interface It had a luxurious appearance in which the color tone changed.
- Example 2 The two resin sheets obtained in Example 2 (Fig. 30d) were crossed at 90 degrees in the X direction, and were bonded together using methylene chloride as an adhesive to obtain a resin sheet having a thickness of 6 mm. A laminate was manufactured.
- the obtained laminate showed performance equivalent to that of Example 23.
- Example 9 Using two resin sheets (FIG. 30 h) obtained in Example 9, a resin sheet laminate was produced in the same manner as in Example 24.
- the obtained laminate showed performance equivalent to that of Example 23.
- the resin sheet of the present invention can be used in various forms such as a light diffusion sheet suitable for use in lighting covers, daylighting windows, building materials, road signs, signboards, liquid crystal display devices, and the like, and a design sheet having a depth and a sense of standing. It is applicable to various purposes and applications, and is extremely useful in industry. Further, a surface light source element can be obtained by using this sheet as a light guide, or a useful laminate can be obtained by laminating the sheets.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96915186A EP0865904B1 (en) | 1995-06-14 | 1996-05-17 | Surface light source |
DE69626217T DE69626217T2 (de) | 1996-05-17 | 1996-05-17 | Oberflächenlichtquelle |
JP09502890A JP3117464B2 (ja) | 1995-06-14 | 1996-05-17 | 樹脂シート、その製造方法および装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7/147480 | 1995-06-14 | ||
JP14748095 | 1995-06-14 | ||
JP14748195 | 1995-06-14 | ||
JP7/147481 | 1995-06-14 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/543,910 Division US6312787B1 (en) | 1995-06-14 | 2000-04-06 | Resin sheet, process and apparatus for producing same, surface light source element and laminate |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997000168A1 true WO1997000168A1 (fr) | 1997-01-03 |
Family
ID=26478003
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1996/001319 WO1997000168A1 (fr) | 1995-06-14 | 1996-05-17 | Feuille de resine, procede et equipement de production, source lumineuse superficielle et bloc stratifie |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6312787B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0865904B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3117464B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100424965B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997000168A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0964417A2 (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 1999-12-15 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Article comprising co-injection molded component having integral light guide |
WO2008041425A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-10 | Konica Minolta Opto, Inc. | Film optique, procédé de fabrication de celui-ci, film de protection pour plaque de polarisation, plaque de polarisation utilisant le film de protection, et dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides |
Families Citing this family (35)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002124112A (ja) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-04-26 | Sharp Corp | バックライト及び液晶表示装置 |
TWI364600B (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2012-05-21 | Kuraray Co | An illumination device an image display device using the illumination device and a light diffusing board used by the devices |
US20050275131A1 (en) * | 2004-06-09 | 2005-12-15 | Hoium Travis B | Mechanical interlocking die |
US7593615B2 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2009-09-22 | Rpc Photonics, Inc. | Optical devices for guiding illumination |
JP5230984B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-14 | 2013-07-10 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイイースト | 液晶表示装置 |
EP2321675A1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2011-05-18 | Greenlux Finland OY | Optical light diffuser component and a method for manufacturing the same |
RU2412809C1 (ru) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-02-27 | Эверхост Инвестментс Лимитед | Устройство для получения многослойного оптического волновода |
BR112012019731A2 (pt) | 2010-02-08 | 2020-08-18 | 3M Innovative Propereties Company | método de coextrusão, matriz de coextrusão e artigos extrudados feitos disso |
CN102905871B (zh) | 2010-03-25 | 2015-11-25 | 3M创新有限公司 | 挤出模头元件、挤出模头和用于制备多条带挤出物的方法 |
WO2011119327A1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Composite layer |
WO2011119325A2 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Composite layer |
EP2550157A2 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2013-01-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Composite layer |
EP2550155B1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2020-11-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Composite layer |
JP5635472B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-27 | 2014-12-03 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 導光板 |
CN103129058A (zh) * | 2011-12-03 | 2013-06-05 | 深圳富泰宏精密工业有限公司 | 塑料制品及其制造方法 |
US10272655B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2019-04-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Film with alternating stripes and strands and apparatus and method for making the same |
US9944043B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2018-04-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Laminates and methods of making the same |
US9565782B2 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2017-02-07 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Field replaceable power supply cartridge |
US20140248471A1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2014-09-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Film with Layered Segments and Apparatus and Method for Making the Same |
JP6246899B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-20 | 2017-12-13 | カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 | 装飾用照明構造 |
US10477636B1 (en) | 2014-10-28 | 2019-11-12 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Lighting systems having multiple light sources |
US11306897B2 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2022-04-19 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Lighting systems generating partially-collimated light emissions |
US9869450B2 (en) | 2015-02-09 | 2018-01-16 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Lighting systems having a truncated parabolic- or hyperbolic-conical light reflector, or a total internal reflection lens; and having another light reflector |
US9651216B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2017-05-16 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Lighting systems including asymmetric lens modules for selectable light distribution |
US9568665B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2017-02-14 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Lighting systems including lens modules for selectable light distribution |
US9746159B1 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2017-08-29 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Lighting system having a sealing system |
US9651227B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2017-05-16 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Low-profile lighting system having pivotable lighting enclosure |
DE102015104299A1 (de) | 2015-03-23 | 2016-09-29 | International Automotive Components Group Gmbh | Innenverkleidungsteil für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
USD785218S1 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2017-04-25 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | LED luminaire having a mounting system |
USD782093S1 (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2017-03-21 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | LED luminaire having a mounting system |
USD782094S1 (en) | 2015-07-20 | 2017-03-21 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | LED luminaire having a mounting system |
US9651232B1 (en) | 2015-08-03 | 2017-05-16 | Ecosense Lighting Inc. | Lighting system having a mounting device |
CN108630100A (zh) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-10-09 | 元太科技工业股份有限公司 | 显示装置 |
KR101951693B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-02-25 | 지에스에프씨 주식회사 | 비대칭 구조의 광학 패턴이 적용된 디자인 데코 필름 |
US11167531B2 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2021-11-09 | Pittsburgh Glass Works, Llc | Glazing with a light guide laminate stack |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05278157A (ja) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-26 | Nissha Printing Co Ltd | 低反射シート |
JPH06273752A (ja) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-09-30 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 面光源装置用の光拡散シート |
JPH08142149A (ja) * | 1994-11-17 | 1996-06-04 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 複合樹脂シート、その製造装置及びその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4415509A (en) * | 1981-07-07 | 1983-11-15 | Mitsubishi Rayon Company, Ltd. | Acrylic laminated diffuser panel having high light-diffusing property and process for preparing same |
AU9091382A (en) * | 1982-03-01 | 1983-09-08 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Decorative articles |
CA1312320C (en) | 1987-11-12 | 1993-01-05 | Makoto Oe | Plane light source unit |
JPH01229698A (ja) | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-13 | Teijin Ltd | プリペイドカード用ベースフイルム |
JPH0727137B2 (ja) | 1988-06-02 | 1995-03-29 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 面光源素子 |
US5211898A (en) | 1988-07-27 | 1993-05-18 | Tomy Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for feeding a plurality of molten resin jet streams into T die |
US5170285A (en) * | 1988-11-09 | 1992-12-08 | Senko Medical Instruments Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Semitransparent slide and filter combination for a microscope |
JPH03256735A (ja) | 1990-03-06 | 1991-11-15 | Meiwa Gravure Kk | カットガラス調シート |
JP2539078B2 (ja) | 1990-05-10 | 1996-10-02 | 日産自動車株式会社 | トランスファフィンガ用シミュレ―ション装置 |
EP0534140B1 (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1997-07-16 | Tosoh Corporation | Backlighting device |
JP3030792B2 (ja) | 1991-09-27 | 2000-04-10 | 東ソー株式会社 | バックライト |
JPH06314069A (ja) * | 1993-03-03 | 1994-11-08 | Fujitsu Ltd | 照明装置 |
US5899552A (en) * | 1993-11-11 | 1999-05-04 | Enplas Corporation | Surface light source device |
JPH0736742A (ja) | 1993-07-15 | 1995-02-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | プログラム動作監視回路 |
JPH08197670A (ja) | 1995-01-27 | 1996-08-06 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 表面保護シート及びその製造方法 |
-
1996
- 1996-05-17 EP EP96915186A patent/EP0865904B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-17 JP JP09502890A patent/JP3117464B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-17 KR KR1019970709375A patent/KR100424965B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-17 WO PCT/JP1996/001319 patent/WO1997000168A1/ja active IP Right Grant
-
2000
- 2000-04-06 US US09/543,910 patent/US6312787B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05278157A (ja) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-26 | Nissha Printing Co Ltd | 低反射シート |
JPH06273752A (ja) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-09-30 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 面光源装置用の光拡散シート |
JPH08142149A (ja) * | 1994-11-17 | 1996-06-04 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 複合樹脂シート、その製造装置及びその製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0865904A4 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0964417A2 (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 1999-12-15 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Article comprising co-injection molded component having integral light guide |
EP0964417A3 (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 2000-11-29 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Article comprising co-injection molded component having integral light guide |
WO2008041425A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-10 | Konica Minolta Opto, Inc. | Film optique, procédé de fabrication de celui-ci, film de protection pour plaque de polarisation, plaque de polarisation utilisant le film de protection, et dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides |
TWI400156B (zh) * | 2006-09-29 | 2013-07-01 | Konica Minolta Opto Inc | An optical film and a method for manufacturing the same, a protective film for a polarizing plate, and a polarizing plate using the same, and a liquid crystal display device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100424965B1 (ko) | 2004-08-12 |
EP0865904B1 (en) | 2003-02-12 |
EP0865904A4 (en) | 2000-01-26 |
JP3117464B2 (ja) | 2000-12-11 |
US6312787B1 (en) | 2001-11-06 |
EP0865904A1 (en) | 1998-09-23 |
KR19990022906A (ko) | 1999-03-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO1997000168A1 (fr) | Feuille de resine, procede et equipement de production, source lumineuse superficielle et bloc stratifie | |
EP2979118B1 (en) | Dual-sided film with split light spreading structures | |
US5550676A (en) | Surface light source element | |
EP1939522A1 (en) | Planar illuminating device | |
KR20100005153A (ko) | 반사 시트 | |
JP2008027609A (ja) | 面発光体 | |
WO2007097437A1 (ja) | 面発光装置 | |
JP2007227065A (ja) | 面発光装置 | |
CN218767720U (zh) | 一种复合量子点膜片 | |
KR20200060052A (ko) | 광학체 및 이를 포함하는 표시장치 | |
JP2002214411A (ja) | 光学シート及び照明装置及び光学部材 | |
JP2004082359A (ja) | 押出機による偏厚板材の製造方法 | |
JP3022460B2 (ja) | 面光源素子 | |
JP3168190B2 (ja) | 光拡散性シート、導光体及び導光体の使用方法 | |
JP2014044912A (ja) | 樹脂シートの製造方法 | |
JP5750834B2 (ja) | 導光板、バックライトユニット及び表示装置 | |
JP4997143B2 (ja) | 照明装置及び光制御板 | |
JP2009258666A (ja) | 機能性部材、光学部品、バックライトユニット及び表示装置 | |
JPH10175260A (ja) | 複合樹脂シート及び面光源素子 | |
JPH11216788A (ja) | 複合樹脂シート、その製造装置及び方法 | |
JP2015031893A (ja) | 照明装置用レンズフィルム積層体 | |
JPH11273434A (ja) | 面光源素子 | |
JPH10166484A (ja) | 面光源素子及び窓 | |
JPH117261A (ja) | 両面面光源素子及びこれを用いた両面標示装置 | |
JPH11179777A (ja) | 樹脂シート、その製造方法及び装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): JP KR US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) |
Free format text: JP |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1996915186 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1019970709375 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1996915186 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1019970709375 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1996915186 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1019970709375 Country of ref document: KR |