WO1995006314A1 - Dispositif de chargement et de dechargement et circuit de commande d'entrainement - Google Patents
Dispositif de chargement et de dechargement et circuit de commande d'entrainement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995006314A1 WO1995006314A1 PCT/JP1994/001396 JP9401396W WO9506314A1 WO 1995006314 A1 WO1995006314 A1 WO 1995006314A1 JP 9401396 W JP9401396 W JP 9401396W WO 9506314 A1 WO9506314 A1 WO 9506314A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- circuit
- unloading
- arm
- load
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B21/00—Head arrangements not specific to the method of recording or reproducing
- G11B21/02—Driving or moving of heads
- G11B21/12—Raising and lowering; Back-spacing or forward-spacing along track; Returning to starting position otherwise than during transducing operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
- G11B5/00—Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
- G11B5/48—Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed
- G11B5/54—Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head into or out of its operative position or across tracks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a mass storage device for an information processing device, and more particularly to a load / unload device for starting and stopping a rotating disk type storage device such as a magnetic disk and an optical disk, and a drive control circuit therefor. It is about. Background art
- a magnetic disk device that uses a run-producing system, which is one of the so-called non-contact start-stops (N-CSS), in which the magnetic head does not come into contact with the disk
- N-CSS non-contact start-stops
- a magnetic disk device employing a dynamic load / unload method is configured, for example, as shown in FIG.
- a magnetic disk device 1 has a magnetic disk 2 which is driven to rotate and a head slider which is moved radially while slightly floating along the surface of the magnetic disk 2.
- the company is supporting the 3rd party.
- the actuator 3 includes an arm 5 rotatably supported around an image axis 4 and an arm supported via a suspension 6 at the tip of the arm 5 as shown in the figure. 5, a head slider 7 supported at the tip of the arm 5 via a suspension 6, and a voice coil 8 for driving the arm 5 to rotate about the rotation axis 4. It consists of a coil motor.
- the head slider 7 has a magnetic head (not shown).
- the magnetic disk device 1 includes a cam follower 6 a extending from a tip of the suspension 6 of the actuator 3 and a cam member 9 provided near an outer peripheral portion of the magnetic disk 2. And have You.
- a loading / unloading device is configured. According to the magnetic disk device 1 configured as described above, the head slider 7 is held in a state of being slightly floated with respect to the surface of the magnetic disk 2 that is driven to rotate.
- the head slider 7 When the arm 5 is driven to rotate around the rotation axis 4, the head slider 7 is moved in the radial direction on the surface of the magnetic disk 2. This allows the head slider 7 to access each track provided along the circumferential direction of the magnetic disk 2.
- the arm follower 5 is rotated around the image transfer axis by the voice coil 8 so that the cam follower 6 a moves the magnetic disk 2. It is moved inward and moves in the R1 direction from the packing area 9a of the cam member 9.
- the head slider 7 once rises with the rotation of the arm 5 and moves above the magnetic disk 2, and then moves along the cam surface 9 b of the force member 9. It is lowered and comes close to the surface of magnetic disk 2.
- the arm 5 is strong and is rotated around the rotation axis 4 by the voice coil 8, so that the cam follower 6a is moved toward the outside of the magnetic disk 2.
- the cam member 9 rises and moves in the R2 direction to the parking area 9a while abutting on the cam surface 9b formed by the inclined surface of the cam member 9.
- the head slider 7 separates from the surface of the magnetic disk 2 with the rotation of the arm 5, and then rises along the force surface 9 b of the cam member 9, and then moves upward. Part 9 Parking area 9 carried to a.
- the loading speed is generally adjusted by moving the head slider 7 from the parking area 9a to the magnetic disk 2 against the frictional resistance between the cam follower 6a and the arm member 9. Given as a fairly fast speed so that you can move up.
- the head speed is controlled by the head slider 7 moving from above the magnetic disk 2 against the resistance caused by friction between the cam follower 6 a and the cam member 9. It is given a fairly fast speed so that it can move to the 9 parking area 9a.
- the magnetic disk device 1 causes the head slider 7 to perform a so-called retraction by driving the head slider 7.
- the unloading speed at this time (hereinafter, the unloading speed at the time of this retraction is referred to as a retract speed) is generally given as a considerably high speed.
- retract speed refers to an unload operation in an emergency.
- a magnetic disk device that employs the so-called contact start stop (CSS) method, in which the magnetic head contacts the disk, is configured as shown in Fig. 2. ing. Note that, in FIG. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 1 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.
- a CSS zone CSS is formed in the evacuation area avoiding the data area on the inner peripheral side of the magnetic disk 2a.
- the magnetic disk device la mechanically stops the operation of the actuator 3a and stops the movement of the head slider 7 toward the inner peripheral side of the magnetic disk 2a in the CSS zone CSS. Storno, '3c is provided.
- the head slider 7 is slightly moved relative to the surface of the magnetic disk 2a that is driven to rotate.
- the arm 5 is held in a levitated state, and the arm 5 is driven to rotate around the rotation axis 4, whereby the arm 5 is moved in the radial direction on the surface of the magnetic disk 2 a. Thereby, it is possible to access each track of the magnetic disk 2a.
- the loading / unloading is performed similarly, and at the time of loading, the head slider 7 is connected to the CSS zone CSS.
- the head slider 7 floats up from the magnetic disk 2 a, and subsequently the arm 5 is strong and the voice coil 8 As a result, the slider 7 moves toward the data zone on the outer peripheral side of the magnetic disk 2a in the direction R2.
- the arm 5 when unloading, the arm 5 is strong and the boy coil 8 is moved around the rotary shaft 4 so that the head slider 7 is strong and the inside of the magnetic disk 2a, R
- the arm 3 moves in one direction and the actuator 3a comes into contact with the flange 3c and the rotation of the arm 5 stops, the rotation of the magnetic disk 2a stops.
- the head slider 7 is carried to the CSS zone CSS while floating above the surface of the magnetic disk 2a with the rotation of the arm 5, and the rotation of the magnetic disk 2a stops here. And the CSS zone will be held in contact with the CSS.
- the retraction speed is generally given as a considerably high speed.
- the actuators 3, 3a applied to such a magnetic disk device are composed of a magnetic flux generating source such as a permanent magnet and a voice coil motor.
- a magnetic flux generating source such as a permanent magnet
- a voice coil motor In the conventional loading / unloading device, the speed at which the actuators 3 and 3a are moved, that is, the movement of the head slider 7 during loading and unloading. The speed is generally not controlled or controlled to the desired speed.
- the speed of the head slider 7 in the vertical direction with respect to the surface of the magnetic disk 2 is determined by the fact that the actuator 3 rotates around the rotating disk 4 and the magnetic disk 2 rotates.
- the angular velocity that rotates clockwise or counterclockwise (called the 0 direction) along the surface of the cam member 9, which is the ramp, is the speed at which the head slider 7 moves in the R 1> R 2 direction. It is converted at a certain ratio determined by the inclination angle of the cam surface 9b.
- the speed in the vertical direction of the head slider 7 at the time of loading and ⁇ -loading in the magnetic disk device 1, that is, the loading speed and the unloading speed, and the head slider 7 The relationship with the magnitude of the impact when colliding with the surface of the magnetic disk 2 is shown in the graph of FIG.
- the magnitude of the impact in this graph is shown as the output voltage of the AE sensor by using the AE sensor. According to this graph, it can be seen that as the loading speed and the unloading speed increase, the impact due to the collision between the head slider 7 and the magnetic disk 2 increases.
- FIG. 4 also shows the horizontal speed of the head slider 7 at the time of retraction detected using the AE sensor, that is, the retraction speed and the head slider 7. Impacts the surface of magnetic disk 2 The relationship with the magnitude of the impact is shown. In this case as well, it can be seen that the higher the speed, the greater the impact due to the collision between the head slider 7 and the magnetic disk 2.
- the actuator 3a collides with the shaft 3c at the time of unloading, and the head slider 7 collides with the magnetic disk 2a due to the impact of the collision.
- the impact due to the collision between the head slider 7 and the magnetic disk 2a increases.
- the head slider 7 is broken and the surface of the magnetic disks 2 and 2a is damaged. May be damaged.
- the present invention controls the load / unload speed and position to desired values during a retraction, and minimizes the collision between the head and the disk.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a loading / unloading device capable of reading recorded information safely, etc.
- a magnetic The magnetic head slider equipped with the head does not come into contact with the disc. For this reason, when the head slider starts to move from the retracted position and when the head slider returns from the disk data zone to the retracted position. At the beginning of the track, no information about position or speed can be read from the disc. Therefore, the present invention is applied to a device of the CSS type in the case of retraction, loading, and unloading due to a power failure or the like, and in the case of unloading.
- an apparatus for driving an arm having a head slider by an actuator to load and unload a rotary information recording disc In addition to moving along the moving image, the back electromotive voltage of the voice coil type driving mechanism of the actuator is detected and fed back to the driving circuit, so that the driving circuit is driven by the actuator. This is achieved by a load / unload device configured to control the position and speed of the motor.
- the object is to provide a rotating information recording disk and a head slider which can be moved along the surface of the disk.
- An arm that supports the arm via a spring, a voice coil-type drive mechanism that moves the arm, and retracts the head slider to a retract area outside the data zone of the disk.
- a loading / unloading device for a magnetic disk device having a mechanism, wherein a circuit means for driving the voice coil type driving mechanism and a back electromotive force generated in the voice coil are measured.
- the evacuation area may be formed outside the disc to provide a non-contact start-stop method.
- the evacuation area may be provided on a disk to provide a contact start stop method.
- means for calculating the position of the arm from the arm speed means for adjusting the drive current value based on the arm speed and position in parentheses, and the head slider is loaded or unloaded.
- the closed loop control can be configured based on the arm speed and position at the time of operation.
- the circuit means is a pulse driving circuit
- the measuring means is a sampling measuring circuit
- the pulse drive circuit is a pulse width modulation circuit or a pulse amplitude modulation circuit.
- circuit means is an analog driving circuit
- measuring means is an analog measuring circuit
- the driving frequency f of the pulse driving circuit is: f ⁇ R / 2 L
- the loading / unloading speed of the head slider with respect to the disk at the time of loading or unloading is 140 ° in a direction parallel to the plane of the disk.
- the driving speed of the arm is controlled so as not to exceed mm / s.
- the loading / unloading speed of the head slider with respect to the disk at the time of loading or unloading is 2 Omm / in the direction perpendicular to the disk surface.
- the driving speed of the arm is controlled so as not to exceed s.
- the speed calculating means of the arm speed is configured to measure the speed a plurality of times and then average the speed.
- the position calculating means calculates the position by integrating the speed detected by the arm speed calculating means.
- the disc is unloaded by a back electromotive force of a motor that moves and moves the disc.
- the load is unloaded by the use of a capacitor or a power storage device attached to the unload device.
- It is configured to load and unload to the position.
- the above object is achieved by a rotary information storage device driven by an actuator for driving an arm having a head slider.
- a drive control circuit connected to the actuator of a device for loading and unloading the recording disk, wherein the actuator is driven by a drive circuit, and a drive coil type driving mechanism of the actuator is provided. By detecting the back electromotive voltage and feeding it back to this drive circuit, this drive circuit controls the position and speed of the actuator, so that the load-and-open device is configured. This is achieved by the drive control circuit of the above.
- the object of the present invention is to provide, in the present invention, a rotary information recording disk, and an arm for supporting a head slider via a suspension so as to be movable along the surface of the disk.
- a non-contact type magnetic disk device having a voice coil type driving mechanism for driving the arm and a mechanism for retracting the head slider to a retractable area outside the disk.
- a drive control circuit connected to the voice coil type driving mechanism of a start-stop type loading / unloading device, comprising circuit means for driving the voice coil type driving mechanism.
- a non-contact start-stop type loading / unloading device configured to perform closed loop control based on the arm speed when loading or unloading the head slider. This can also be achieved by a drive control circuit.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an image transfer type information recording disk and a head slider via a suspension so as to be movable along the surface of the disk in the present invention.
- Magnetic disk device having an arm that drives the arm, a voice coil-type driving mechanism that drives the arm, and a mechanism that retracts the head slider to a retract area other than the data zone of the disk.
- Contact-start top-loader A drive control circuit connected to the voice coil type driving mechanism of the loading device, wherein the circuit means drives the voice coil type driving mechanism; Means for measuring the electromotive force, means for calculating the arm speed from the voltage value of the back electromotive force, and means for adjusting the drive current value based on the arm speed. This is also achieved by the drive control circuit of the contact / start-load type load / unload device, which is configured to perform closed-loop control based on the arm speed when loading or unloading the loader. Is done.
- means for calculating the position of the arm from the arm speed means for adjusting the drive current value based on the arm speed and position of the bracket, and the head slider is loaded or unloaded. It may be configured to perform closed loop control based on the arm speed and position at the time of operation.
- the back electromotive force measuring means has a means for sampling back electromotive force generated in the voice coil, and the switch of the sampling means is MOS-FET.
- the switch may be constituted by an analog switch.
- the back electromotive force measuring means is configured to ground both ends of the voice coil between the time when the driving pulse is turned off and the time when the back electromotive force is measured.
- the back electromotive force measuring means is provided with a switch for preventing oscillation, and this switch is turned off when the drive pulse is turned off.
- the arm loads or unloads the disc at a desired speed
- the arm moves on the disc at that speed and hits a predetermined stop, and the head moves. Waiting for enough time for the slider to stop outside the recording area will reduce Or the end of the unloading process.
- the arm loads the disc at a desired speed
- the arm moves on the disc at that speed, and the head obtains a signal loaded from the disc.
- the loading / unloading process may be terminated.
- it may be configured to have a driving function of a spindle motor for driving the disk.
- the load / unload speed can be accurately controlled. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the collision between the head and the disk at the time of loading / unloading, and to load / unload safely.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a magnetic disk device incorporating a conventional run loading type load / unload device.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional magnetic disk device employing the CSS system.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in the output of the AE sensor attached to the arm with respect to the load * unload speed in the magnetic disk device of FIG.
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing the change of the output of the AE sensor attached to the arm with respect to the retraction speed in the magnetic disk device of Fig. 1.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the first embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- 6A and 6B are diagrams showing the rotation angle of the actuator and the angular velocity of the actuator in the magnetic disk device of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operation state of a voltage and a sample hold circuit.
- FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C are time charts showing the output of the sapple hold circuit, the output of the speed / voltage averaging circuit, and the output of the integrating circuit in the magnetic disk device of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the moving speed of the head slider in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic disk and the amplified back electromotive force in the magnetic disk device of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the moving speed of the head slider in the horizontal direction with respect to the magnetic disk surface and the amplified back electromotive voltage in the magnetic disk device of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating a second embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a first configuration of a sampling circuit of the drive control circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a time chart showing the operation of the sampling circuit of the drive control circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a second configuration of the sampling circuit of the drive control circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a third configuration of the sampling circuit of the drive control circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a timing chart showing the operation of the sampling circuit of the drive control circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a fourth configuration of the sampling circuit of the drive control circuit of FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a timing chart showing the operation of the sampling circuit of the drive control area of FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the third embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2 OA, B, and C are timing charts showing the rotation angle of the actuator, the angular velocity of the actuator, and the driving voltage of the drive circuit in the magnetic disk device of FIG.
- FIGS. 21A, B, and C are time charts showing the terminal voltage of the voice coil, the output of the voltage differencer, and the output of the integrating circuit in the magnetic disk device of FIG. .
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the fourth embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the fifth embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the sixth embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the seventh embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the eighth embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the ninth embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the 10th embodiment of the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the first embodiment of the load / unload device.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the first and second embodiments of the load / unload device.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the thirteenth embodiment of the load / unload device.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing the configuration of a magnetic disk device incorporating the fourteenth embodiment of the load / unload device.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a magnetic disk device incorporating a load / unload device according to the present invention.
- the magnetic disk device 10 moves the magnetic disk 2 and the head slider 7 which are rotated and moved in the radial direction while slightly floating along the surface of the magnetic disk 2. Includes Actuator 3 to support you.
- the actuator 3 includes an arm 5 rotatably supported around a rotary shaft 4 and a head slider 7 supported via a suspension 6 at the tip of the arm 5. And a voice coil 8 that drives the arm 5 to rotate around the rotation axis 4.
- the magnetic disk device 1 includes a cam follower 6 a extending from a tip of the suspension 6 of the actuator 3 and a force provided near an outer peripheral portion of the magnetic disk 2. And a system member 9.
- a loading / unloading device adopting a dynamic loading / unloading method is configured.
- the above configuration is the same as that of the conventional magnetic disk device 1 employing the dynamic load / unload method shown in FIG.
- the actuator 3 is driven by the voice actuator drive circuit 11 thereof, and the voice coil 8 is driven by the sample hose. Connected to ground circuit 12.
- the sample hold circuit 12 is a back electromotive force measuring means of the voice coil 8 and is connected to the speed-voltage averaging circuit 13. As a result, the output signal of the sample-hold circuit 12 is averaged by the speed-voltage averaging circuit 13, and then input directly to the control circuit 14 as the speed voltage S 1. It is as follows.
- the output signal of the sample-and-hold circuit 12 can be configured to be supplied to the integration circuit 15 via the speed-voltage averaging circuit 13. And is input to the control circuit 14 as the position voltage S 2.
- the reference position voltage S 3 from the reference value table 16 is input to the control circuit 14.
- An oscillation circuit 1 ⁇ ⁇ is connected to the driving circuit 11, and a signal having a frequency of, for example, 1 kHz is input from the oscillation circuit 17. Further, a control circuit 14 is connected to the drive circuit 11 so that an output signal from the control circuit 14 is input.
- the driving circuit 11 preferably has a timer 11a so as to obtain a timing for ending the loading or unloading processing, as described later. It has become.
- the signal from the oscillation circuit 17 is also input to the sample hold circuit 12 and is used as a timing clock for the sample hold.
- the magnetic disk 2 is rotatably driven by a motor 19, and therefore, the magnetic disk device 10 includes a drive circuit 18 for a disk rotation motor 19. .
- the drive circuit 11 generates a pulse voltage having a frequency of 1 kHz and an amplitude of 0.5 V based on a signal from the oscillation circuit 17 to drive the actuator 3. This allows unloading (reloading)
- the actuator 3 rotates in the direction of R 1 at the time of tractor.
- the tip of the actuator 3 rotates in the direction of R 2.
- the actuator 3 keeps moving by inertia in the direction of R1 or R2.
- the sampler 12a of the sample hold circuit 12 is turned on, and the back electromotive force proportional to the rotation speed of the actuator 3 is sampled and held by the holder 12 It is output.
- the output voltage from the sample-hold circuit 12 is averaged by the speed-voltage equalizing circuit 13, further integrated by the integrating circuit 15, and sent to the control circuit 14 by the position voltage. It is entered as S2.
- the control circuit 14 compares the input voltage S 2 from the integration path 15 with the reference position voltage S 3 set by the reference value table 16 and feeds the result to the drive circuit 11. Debug.
- the drive circuit 11 controls the actuator 3 at a desired speed by applying a PWM (pulse width modulation) technique, for example, by changing the duty of the pulse.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the magnetic disk device 10 If power cannot be supplied normally due to a power failure or the like, the magnetic disk device 10 causes the back EMF generated in the voice coil 8 by the image transfer of the magnetic disk 2. Uses power for retraction operation.
- the drive circuit 11 is, for example, an H-bridge type voltage drive VCM connector, and has a frequency of 1 kHz, a voltage of 0.5 V, and a duty cycle of 1 kHz.
- Actuator 3 is driven by 50% pulse voltage.
- the actuator 3 rotates in the R1 direction, and when the drive voltage is off, the counter electromotive voltage generated at the voice coil 3 is applied to the sample hold circuit 12 It is taken in.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B show the time-lapse waveforms of the respective elements accompanying the movement of the actuator 3.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B the time required for one load or unload (retract) is about 0.75 seconds.
- FIG. 6A shows the rotation angle of the actuator 3
- FIG. 6B shows the angular velocity of the actuator 3.
- FIG. 7 shows the terminal voltage of the voice coil 8, and here, the portion at time a is enlarged in FIG. 6B.
- the frequency of the drive voltage for driving the actuator 3 is as follows.
- the driving frequency f is f / R / 2L.
- the back electromotive voltage observed by the sample and hold circuit 12 in this way is output as a velocity voltage as shown in FIG. 8A via the holder 12b.
- the speed voltage averaged as shown in FIG. 8B by the speed voltage averaging circuit 13 is converted into a position voltage as shown in FIG. Entered in 1 4.
- a position loop is formed.
- the above-mentioned speed-voltage averaging circuit 13 is configured by using, for example, a secondary low-pass filter, but may be a simple average without using such a moving average.
- Fig. 9 shows the relationship between the back electromotive voltage (vertical axis) and the moving speed of the head slider ⁇ in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic disk 2 (model axis). This back electromotive voltage is amplified by an appropriate gain (about 100 times).
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the back electromotive voltage (vertical axis) and the moving speed of the head slider 7 in the horizontal direction with respect to the surface of the magnetic disk 2.
- the moving speed of the head slider 7 in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic disk 2 depends on the inclination angle of the cam surface 9 b of the cam member 9 and the distance from the rotating shaft 4 to the head slider 7. Is determined uniquely from the angular velocity of the actuator 3.
- the drive of the actuator 3 is controlled so that the moving speed of the head slider along the magnetic disk surface is, for example, 140 mm / s or less, whereby the head slider is controlled. 7 is maintained so that the vertical movement speed is 20 mm no s or less.
- the angle of inclination of the force member 9 used with respect to the surface of the magnetic disk 2 is about 5.7 degrees, and the distance from the rotating shaft 4 to the head slider 7 is about 40 mm. . Since the back electromotive force is proportional to the angular velocity of the actuator 3, the magnetic disk 2 of the head slider 7 The speed of movement along the surface is also proportional to the back EMF.
- the corresponding amplified back EMF is about IV.
- This speed voltage is input to the integration circuit 15 and is converted into a position voltage by the integration circuit 15.
- the speed voltage and the position voltage are fed back to the control circuit 14, and the position voltage information having the desired profile that changes from moment to moment set in the reference value table 16 is obtained.
- the result is compared, and the result is output from the control circuit 14 as an analog drive voltage.
- the reference value table is given as the position voltage, but it is obvious that the same effect can be obtained even if the reference value table is given as the speed voltage information having the desired profile that changes every moment. .
- the analog drive voltage is input to the drive circuit 11, and by changing the pulse duty of the drive circuit 11, the head slider 7 moves along the surface of the magnetic disk 2 at the time of loading and unloading. Then, the actuator 3 is driven to move at a speed of 14 O mm / s or less.
- the head slider 7 does not collide with the surface of the magnetic disk 2 with a relatively large impact, and the load / unload force of the head slider 7 is extremely safely performed. It will be.
- the elapsed time from the start of the load is measured with a timer 11a.For example, one second after the end of the load, the end of load mark is sent to the outside. You may.
- the elapsed time from the start of the unload is measured with a timer 11a, and for example, the end of the unload is marked 1 second after the end of the unload. It may be sent outside.
- the head slider 7 is positioned at a fixed position on the outer peripheral portion of the magnetic disk 2, that is, in a radial direction of the disk. ", Zhou When the direction is represented by 0, r 1 0 0 r r 2 (where r 1 and r 2 are constants rl ⁇ r 2), 0 1 r r ⁇ 2 (where 6 1; ⁇ 2 is It is preferable to configure so that loading and unloading is performed at a position determined by ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ 2.
- the value of 0 is obtained, for example, by the phase detection value of an FG (frequency generator) magnet mounted on a spindle motor that rotates the magnetic disk 2.
- FG frequency generator
- phase detection value of the FG magnet may be given to the reference value table, for example, as the start trigger input in FIG.
- the values of r l and r 2 can be determined by selecting a suitable position on the disk design.
- FIG. 11 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic disk device of the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the drive control means of the actuator 3 is configured as a drive control circuit 41 integrated on the same substrate. ing.
- the first drive control circuit 41 preferably includes not only the actuator 3 but also a drive circuit 18 of a motor 19 for rotatingly driving the magnetic disk 2 on the same substrate. .
- This embodiment is configured as described above, and is similar to the first embodiment. Equivalent actions and effects can be achieved.
- the switching configuration of the sample hold circuit 12 is specifically configured as shown in FIG. 12, for example.
- the drive pulse S 4 from the oscillation circuit 17 is designed to be input to the inverted on / off terminal 11 d of the drive circuit 11.
- Two switches SW1, SW2, SW3 and SW4 are provided. Each of these switches SW 1, SW 2, SW 3, SW 4 is preferably composed of MOS—FET so that switching can be performed with low power consumption.
- Each of these switches SW 1> SW 2, SW 3, SW 4 may be constituted by a normal analog switch.
- the WIND0W output for turning on the operation of each switch of the sampler 12a is connected to the control terminals of the switches SW1 and SW3.
- the inverted WINDOW output is connected to the control terminals of switches SW2 and SW4.
- One end of the voice coil 8 is connected to the output terminal 11 c of the drive circuit 11, and is further connected to the holder 12 a via the terminal of the switch SW 1.
- a capacitor C 1 and a resistor R 1 are connected to one end of the voice coil 8.
- the other end of the voice coil 8 is connected to the output terminal 11 b of the drive circuit 11, and further connected to the holder 12 b via the terminal of the switch SW 3.
- the other end of the voice coil 8 is connected to a capacitor C2 and a resistor R2.
- Switch SW2 can connect the terminal on the holder side of switch SW1 to ground fault or open.
- Switch SW4 can connect one terminal of SW2 holder to ground or open.
- the inverting on / off terminal 11 of the driving circuit 11 is connected to the oscillator 17 A control terminal that transmits a drive signal to the voice coil 8 when the drive pulse S 4 is L (low) and stops driving the voice coil 8 when the drive pulse S 4 is H (high).
- FIG. 14 shows an improved example of the switching configuration of FIG. In Fig. 12, the resistance required for both ends of the voice coil 8 to prevent oscillation is determined by using switch resistors instead of the resistors Rl and R2, as shown in Fig. 14. To be configured. As a result, a favorable effect is obtained in that the oscillation preventing capacitors C 1 and C 2 have no effect on the off section of the drive pulse S 4.
- FIG. 15 shows another switching configuration of the sample hold circuit 12.
- both ends of the voice coil 8 are grounded within 130 microseconds after the start of the drive voltage off section. This allows the charge remaining in the voice coil 8 to escape faster.
- the output of the drive pulse S4 is connected to the inverting on / off terminal 11d of the drive circuit 11 and the control terminals of the switches SW1 and SW3 of the sampler 12a. Further, the inverted WINDOW output is connected to the control terminal of the switch SW2.
- One end of the voice coil 8 connected to the output terminal 11 c of the driving circuit 11 1 is connected to the holder 11 b via the switch SW 1.
- the switch SW2 can set the operation of each terminal on the holder side of the switches SW1 and SW3 to short or open.
- the inverting on / off terminal of the drive circuit 11 transmits the drive signal to the voice coil 8 when it is LOW (L), and stops the output of the voice coil 8 when it is HIGH (H). Terminal.
- the input of holder 1 2b is at the GND (ground) level.
- GND ground
- zero point calibration of the first-stage amplifier of the circuit can be performed on the holder 1b.
- FIG. 17 shows another switching configuration of the sample hold circuit 12.
- one end of the voice coil 8 is grounded within 130 microseconds from the start of the drive voltage off section. This allows the charge remaining in the voice coil 8 to escape faster.
- the output of the drive pulse S4 is connected to the inversion on / off terminal 1Id of the drive circuit 11 and the control terminal of the switch SW3 of the sampler 12a.
- the WINDOW output is connected to the control terminal of switch SW1, and the inverted WIND0W output is connected to the control terminal of switch SW2.
- One end of the voice coil 8 connected to the output terminal 11 c of the driving circuit 11 1 is connected to the holder 12 via the switch SW 1.
- the other end of Boys coil 8 is grounded and connected to holder 12b.
- the terminals on the holder sides of the switches SW1 and SW3 can be used as a short or an oven.
- the inverting on / off terminal of the driving circuit 11 transmits the drive signal to the voice coil 8 when L 0 W (L), and stops the output of the voice coil 8 when it is HIGH (H).
- Such a control terminal Such a control terminal.
- the input of holder 1 2b is at the GND (ground) level.
- GND ground
- zero point calibration of the first-stage amplifier of the circuit can be performed on the holder 12b.
- the voice coil output terminal of the drive circuit 11 is open and the voice coil 8 is The operation is turned off, switches SW 1 and SW 3 are turned off, and switch SW 2 is turned on, one terminal of voice connector 8 is grounded, and the input of holder 12 b is grounded .
- the WIND OW output becomes H (the inverted WINDOW output is L), and the switch SW1 is on and the switch SW2 is off. Then, the switch SW3 is turned on, and the back electromotive voltage is output to the holder 12b from the voice coil terminal connected to the switch SW1.
- FIG. 19 shows a third embodiment of the magnetic disk drive incorporating the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- the magnetic disk device 20 is different from the embodiment of FIG. 5 in that a drive circuit 21 is provided instead of the drive circuit 11 and the oscillation circuit 17 and a sample hole is provided.
- a voltage differentiator 22 is provided in place of the load circuit 12 and the speed-voltage averaging circuit 13, and a control circuit 23 is provided in place of the control circuit 14. Configuration.
- the drive pulse of the actuator 3 by the drive circuit 21 has its duty fixed at 50%,
- the rotation speed of the actuator 3 is controlled by adjusting the voltage value of the pulse voltage of the circuit 21.
- FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C show time-lapse waveforms of the respective elements accompanying the movement of the actuator 3.
- FIG. 20A shows the image rotation angle of the actuator 3
- FIG. 20B shows the angular velocity of the actuator 3.
- FIG. 20C shows the drive voltage of the drive circuit 21, and in this case, simple rectangular wave control is performed.
- the terminal voltage of the voice coil 8 is as shown in FIG. 21A.
- the terminal voltage of the voice coil fluctuates due to the back electromotive voltage with respect to the drive voltage indicated by the dotted line.
- the voltage differentiator 22 Based on the driving voltage of the driving circuit 21 and the terminal voltage of the coil coil 8 and the voltage difference, the voltage differentiator 22 generates a counter electromotive force proportional to the angular velocity of the actuator 3, as shown in FIG. 21B. Take out the voltage. Subsequently, the back electromotive voltage is converted into a position voltage as shown in FIG. 21C by the integration circuit 15 and then input to the control circuit 23. Thus, a speed and position loop are formed.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the configuration of a fourth embodiment of the magnetic disk device incorporating the load / unload device according to the present invention.
- the magnetic disk device 30 employs a contact start stop (CSS) method.
- SCS contact start stop
- the speed can be controlled based on in-plane information of the disk. For this reason, it is not necessary to control the speed of Accuyue using the back electromotive force of the voice coil.
- the present invention is applied to a CSS type disk device.
- it is mainly to control the speed of the actuator during emergency evacuation in the event of a power outage.
- the present invention is applied at the time of reading and unloading if the in-plane information is not recorded at a predetermined position on the disk. .
- a magnetic disk device 30 moves in a radial direction with a magnetic disk 2a being driven to rotate and a head slider slightly floating above the surface of the magnetic disk 2a.
- Supports Actuator 3A and includes.
- the actuator 3 has an arm 5 rotatably supported around a rotation axis 4 and a head slider supported via a suspension 6 at the tip of the arm 5. It is composed of an idler 7 and a voice coil 8 for rotating the arm 5 into a picture of a rotating shaft 4.
- the magnetic disk device 30 is a place where the head slider 7 is levitated above the magnetic disk 2a at the time of starting and stopping, and a CSS which forms an evacuation area at the time of retraction.
- a zone CSS is formed outside the data area on the inner peripheral side of the magnetic disk 2a, and further, the operation of the actuator 3a is mechanically stopped, and the magnetic disk 2a of the head slider 7 is stopped.
- a stop 3c is provided to stop the movement toward the inner circumference of the vehicle at the CSS zone CSS.
- the above configuration is the same as the configuration of the magnetic disk device 1a adopting the conventional CSS method shown in FIG. 2, but in the magnetic disk device 30 according to the present embodiment, the actuator 3 is The voice coil 8 is powerfully driven by the PWM by the actuator driver circuit 11, and the voice coil 8 is connected to the sample hold circuit 12.
- the magnetic disk device 10 includes a drive circuit 18 for a motor 19 for rotating the disk.
- the drive circuit 11 preferably has a timer 11a so as to obtain retraction end timing as described later.
- the output signal of the sample hold circuit 12 is averaged by the speed / voltage averaging circuit 13 and then directly input to the control circuit 34 as the speed voltage S 1.
- the output signal of the sample-and-hold circuit 12 can be configured to be supplied to the integration circuit 15 via the speed-voltage averaging circuit 13. , Is input to the control circuit 34 as the position voltage S 2.
- the reference position voltage S 3 from the reference value table 16 is input to the control circuit 34.
- the drive circuit 11 receives, for example, a signal having a frequency of 1 kHz from the oscillation circuit 17 and an output signal from the control circuit 34.
- the signal from the oscillation circuit 17 is also input to the sample hold circuit 12 and is used as a sample hold timing clock.
- the drive circuit 11 generates a pulse voltage having a frequency of 1 kHz and an amplitude of 0.5 V based on the signal from the oscillation circuit 17 to drive the actuator 3a. This allows the actuator 3a to rotate in the direction of R1 at the time of retraction due to a power failure or the like, as well as at the time of unloading, and when the drive voltage is on. When off, keep moving in the same direction due to inertia.
- the sampler 12a of the sample hold circuit 12 is turned on, and the back electromotive voltage proportional to the rotation speed of the actuator 3a is sampled and output by the holder 1b. .
- the output voltage from this sample hold circuit 12 is After being averaged by the averaging circuit 13, it is further integrated by the integration circuit 15 and input to the control circuit 34 as the position voltage S 2.
- the control circuit 34 compares the input voltage S 2 from the integration circuit 15 with the reference position voltage S 3 set by the reference value table 16 and feeds the result to the driving circuit 11. Debug. As a result, the drive circuit 11 changes the pulse duty and controls the actuator 3a at a desired speed.
- the magnetic disk device 30 reduces the back electromotive force generated by the image of the magnetic disk 2a. Used for operation.
- the drive circuit 11 is, for example, an H-prism type voltage drive VCM controller, and is configured as an actuator by a pulse voltage having a frequency of 1 kHz, a voltage value of 0.5 V, and a duty of 50%.
- Drive 3 As a result, during retraction, the actuator 3a rotates in the R1 direction, and when the driving voltage is off, the back electromotive voltage generated by the voice coil 8 is taken into the sample hold circuit 12. It is.
- the time required for one load or unload (retract) is about 0.75 seconds, and the terminal voltage of the voice coil is reduced to the level when the drive voltage is on. At the time, the drive voltage itself appears, and when the drive voltage is off, a back electromotive force appears in proportion to the angular velocity of the actuator 3a.
- the magnetic disk device 30 starts to operate from the start of the drive voltage off section. At 0 ⁇ s or later, sampler 12a is turned on, and the back electromotive voltage of the voice coil is accurately observed.
- the magnetic disk 30 sets the operating frequency of the sampler 12a in the same manner as in the first embodiment in consideration of the time constant of the voice coil 8, and ensures the back electromotive voltage of the voice coil. I am trying to take in.
- the back EMF observed by the sample-and-hold circuit 12 in this way is output as a velocity voltage (FIG. 8A) via the holder 12b, and is averaged by the velocity-voltage averaging circuit 13 (FIG. 8B), is converted into a position voltage (FIG. 8C) by the integration circuit 15 and input to the control circuit 34, thereby forming a position loop.
- the back electromotive force is proportional to the angular velocity of the actuator 3a, so that the moving speed of the head slider 7 on the surface of the magnetic disk 2a is also proportional to the back electromotive voltage.
- the moving speed along the magnetic disk surface of the head slider 7 is 140 mm / s, so that the corresponding amplified back electromotive voltage is about 1 V.
- the speed voltage obtained as a result is converted into the position voltage by the integration circuit 15. After that, these speed voltage and position voltage are converted into the reference value table by the control circuit 34. 16 is compared with the position voltage information having a desired profile that changes from moment to moment, and according to the result, the analog driving voltage from the control circuit 34 is output to the driving circuit 11. The pulse duty of the drive circuit 11 will be changed.
- the actuator 3a is driven so that the head slider 7 is moved along the surface of the magnetic disk 2a at a speed of 140 mm or less at the time of unloading (retracting). And then, Stono. Actuation of the actuator 3a is performed so that the acceleration applied to the head slider ⁇ when the vehicle collides with 3c is 10 G or less.
- the arm 5 does not collide with the stopper 3c violently.
- the impact of the brackets does not cause the head slider 7 to collide with the surface of the magnetic disk 2a with a relatively large impact, so that the load slider of the head slider 7 is extremely safely. Will be loaded.
- a retraction end mark may be sent to the outside after one second, for example.
- the drive circuit 11 and the oscillator circuit 17 are driven.
- a drive circuit 21 may be provided, and a voltage difference unit 22 may be provided in place of the sample hold circuit 12 and the speed / voltage averaging circuit 13.
- the driving pulse of the actuator 3 by the driving circuit 21 has a fixed duty of 50%, and by adjusting the voltage value of the pulse voltage of the driving circuit 21, The rotation speed control of the actuator 3 is performed.
- the output signal of the sample hold circuit 12 is averaged by the speed-voltage averaging circuit 13, and is then given to the control circuit 14 as a speed voltage, and is integrated. It is input to the control circuit 14 as the position voltage S 2 via the circuit 15.
- the head slider 7 controls not only the speed at the time of loading and unloading with respect to the magnetic disk 2a, but also the position of the loading and unloading.
- the load / unload device shown in FIG. Position control The configuration may be omitted.
- the speed voltage is configured to be incorporated in the control circuit 23.
- the force for simultaneously executing the speed control and the position control may be omitted in this case as well.
- a driving circuit 21 is provided in place of the driving circuit 11 and the oscillation circuit 17, and instead of the sample hold circuit 12 and the speed / voltage averaging circuit 13, a voltage differentiator 22 may be provided.
- FIG. 28 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention.
- the magnetic disk device of this embodiment is different from the embodiment of FIG. 22 in that the drive control means of the actuator 3 is configured as a drive control circuit 45 integrated on the same substrate. I have.
- the first drive control circuit 41 preferably includes not only the actuator 3 but also a drive circuit 18 of a motor 19 for rotating and driving the magnetic disk 2 on the same substrate. .
- This embodiment is configured as described above, and can exhibit the same operation and effect as the embodiment of FIG.
- the switching configuration of the sample hold image path 12 described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 17 described above is preferably used.
- FIG. 29, FIG. 30, FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 show embodiments of the magnetic disk device incorporating the load / unload device according to the present invention, respectively.
- the embodiment of FIG. 29 is the same as the timer 11 in the embodiment of FIG. This is an embodiment in which a is omitted, and other configurations and operations are the same as those in the embodiment of FIG.
- the embodiment of FIG. 30 is an embodiment in which the image 11a in the embodiment of FIG. 22 is omitted, and other configurations and operations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.
- the embodiment of FIG. 31 is an embodiment in which the timer 11a in the embodiment of FIG. 24 is omitted, and other configurations and operations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.
- the embodiment of FIG. 32 is an embodiment in which the timer 11a in the embodiment of FIG. 25 is omitted, and other configurations and operations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIG.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the PAM (pulse amplitude modulation) method is applied. Even when the actuator is driven, the same effects as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the power stored in the capacitor attached to the load-and-close device may be used for the retraction operation,
- the power of the power storage device that stores the power of the power supply may be used for the retraction operation.
- the reference voltage S3 according to the reference value table 14 is the same as that of the drive control circuits 41 and 45. It may be provided from outside.
- the frequency and magnitude of the pulse voltage generated by the oscillation circuit 17 may be set from outside the drive control circuits 41 and 45.
- the frequency and magnitude of the pulse voltage generated by the oscillation circuit 17 may be set from outside the drive control circuits 41 and 45. Further, the size of the feedback to the drive circuits 11 and 31 by the control circuits 14 and 34 may be set outside the drive control circuits 41 and 45. .
- the arm is driven by pulse driving, and when the driving voltage is off, the back electromotive voltage from the driving source is observed, and the arm is fed back to the driving circuit. So that the load / unload speed of the head slider during loading * unloading is less than or equal to the speed at which loading / unloading is not a problem.
- the drive speed of the arm can be controlled. This makes it possible to minimize the collision between the head and the disk during loading, unloading, and retreating, and to safely load and unload and retreat. .
Landscapes
- Supporting Of Heads In Record-Carrier Devices (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69423731T DE69423731T2 (de) | 1993-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Lade- entladevorrichtung und antriebssteuerkreis |
US08/403,858 US5663846A (en) | 1993-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Driving apparatus for floating-type magnetic head |
EP94924997A EP0667615B1 (en) | 1993-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Load/unload apparatus and driving control circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP5/230991 | 1993-08-24 | ||
JP23099193 | 1993-08-24 | ||
JP6/159352 | 1994-06-17 | ||
JP15935294 | 1994-06-17 | ||
JP6199040A JPH0863920A (ja) | 1993-08-24 | 1994-08-01 | ロード・アンロード装置及びその駆動制御回路 |
JP6/199040 | 1994-08-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995006314A1 true WO1995006314A1 (fr) | 1995-03-02 |
Family
ID=27321530
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1994/001396 WO1995006314A1 (fr) | 1993-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Dispositif de chargement et de dechargement et circuit de commande d'entrainement |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5663846A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0667615B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPH0863920A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100361142B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69423731T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1995006314A1 (ja) |
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JPH0388186A (ja) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-04-12 | Kyocera Corp | 磁気ヘッドのリフトアップ機構 |
JPH0349669U (ja) * | 1989-09-13 | 1991-05-15 | ||
JPH03503326A (ja) * | 1988-03-07 | 1991-07-25 | サイクエスト テクノロジー | ヘッドのローディング速度制御装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
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JPS53117405A (en) * | 1977-03-23 | 1978-10-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Loading checking system of head |
US4329721A (en) * | 1980-02-11 | 1982-05-11 | Sperry Corporation | Tachometer for deriving average velocity output by sampling position signal |
JPS6479981A (en) * | 1987-09-21 | 1989-03-24 | Nec Ibaraki Ltd | Magnetic disk device |
JPH07118170B2 (ja) * | 1988-08-17 | 1995-12-18 | アルプス電気株式会社 | デイスク駆動装置 |
JP2715154B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-12 | 1998-02-18 | 京セラ株式会社 | 磁気ディスク装置 |
US5128568A (en) * | 1990-10-03 | 1992-07-07 | International Business Machines Corp. | Self-biasing timing circuit for achieving long time delays |
US5455496A (en) * | 1993-05-14 | 1995-10-03 | Siliconix Incorporated | Head-retract circuit for moving media storage apparatus |
US5384675A (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1995-01-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Disk drive with controlled actuator oscillation for release of head carriers |
-
1994
- 1994-08-01 JP JP6199040A patent/JPH0863920A/ja active Pending
- 1994-08-24 KR KR1019950701228A patent/KR100361142B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-08-24 DE DE69423731T patent/DE69423731T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-08-24 EP EP94924997A patent/EP0667615B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-08-24 WO PCT/JP1994/001396 patent/WO1995006314A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1994-08-24 US US08/403,858 patent/US5663846A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03503326A (ja) * | 1988-03-07 | 1991-07-25 | サイクエスト テクノロジー | ヘッドのローディング速度制御装置 |
JPH02146109A (ja) * | 1988-11-28 | 1990-06-05 | Fujitsu Ltd | ディスク装置 |
JPH0388186A (ja) * | 1989-08-30 | 1991-04-12 | Kyocera Corp | 磁気ヘッドのリフトアップ機構 |
JPH0349669U (ja) * | 1989-09-13 | 1991-05-15 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP0667615A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10390563B2 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2019-08-27 | Altria Client Services Llc | Electronic smoking article |
EP3145338B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2019-11-06 | Philip Morris Products S.a.s. | Aerosol-generating article with internal susceptor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69423731D1 (de) | 2000-05-04 |
KR100361142B1 (ko) | 2003-02-19 |
US5663846A (en) | 1997-09-02 |
EP0667615B1 (en) | 2000-03-29 |
JPH0863920A (ja) | 1996-03-08 |
EP0667615A4 (en) | 1996-02-07 |
EP0667615A1 (en) | 1995-08-16 |
DE69423731T2 (de) | 2000-11-09 |
KR950703781A (ko) | 1995-09-20 |
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