WO1994008083A1 - Non-tisse de fibres ultrafines et procede pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Non-tisse de fibres ultrafines et procede pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994008083A1
WO1994008083A1 PCT/JP1993/001417 JP9301417W WO9408083A1 WO 1994008083 A1 WO1994008083 A1 WO 1994008083A1 JP 9301417 W JP9301417 W JP 9301417W WO 9408083 A1 WO9408083 A1 WO 9408083A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
component
fiber
composite
fibers
nonwoven fabric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1993/001417
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shigemitsu Murase
Eiichi Kubo
Koichi Nagaoka
Yoshiki Miyahara
Original Assignee
Unitika Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unitika Ltd. filed Critical Unitika Ltd.
Priority to JP6508905A priority Critical patent/JP2882492B2/ja
Priority to DE69316337T priority patent/DE69316337T2/de
Priority to EP93921107A priority patent/EP0624676B1/fr
Publication of WO1994008083A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994008083A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ultrafine arrowhead nonwoven fabric excellent in bulkiness, heat retention and tensile strength and suitable for use as a cotton wool for clothing or a medical hygiene material, and a method for producing the same.
  • Non-woven fabrics are used in a wide range of applications, including clothing, industrial materials, civil engineering and construction materials, agricultural and horticultural materials, living-related materials, and medical and health materials.
  • nonwoven fabrics long-fiber nonwoven fabrics have various advantages such as higher tensile strength in performance than non-woven short-fiber fabrics and higher productivity in nonwoven fabric production.
  • Various attempts have been made to make the thickness of the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric as thin as possible in order to obtain a nonwoven fabric having excellent heat retention and tensile strength while taking advantage of the advantages of these long arrow fiber nonwoven fabrics. Have been.
  • split-type bicomponent conjugate fibers have been subjected to various methods, for example, a method of splitting with a needle punch, and treatment with a chemical to swell and dissolve one component and remove the other component.
  • a method of splitting with a needle punch and treatment with a chemical to swell and dissolve one component and remove the other component.
  • these proposed methods have various problems.
  • the nonwoven fabric used in practical use is effective only in the case of 400 to 800 gZm. This is because the amount of fiber per unit area is If the amount is small, the twenty-one dollar punch cannot provide sufficient confounding. Therefore, the nonwoven fabric tends to have a high basis weight and a remarkably inferior flexibility.
  • a method has been proposed in which a high pressure liquid columnar flow is applied to divide the liquid, for example, a method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-47585.
  • a web is formed using a core-sheath composite long-woven fiber, and then a high-pressure liquid columnar flow is applied.
  • the filament is a three-dimensionally entangled nonwoven fabric.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-219653 mainly discloses a substantially continuous fine filament force of 0.1 d or less, consisting of a 0.3 to 9.0 d multifilament.
  • Non-woven fabric mainly composed of non-woven fabric, characterized in that the multi-filaments intersect in a random direction mainly and are entangled with each other.
  • Laminated nonwovens have been proposed.
  • the former technology is a technology to obtain a long-fiber nonwoven fabric composed of an ultrafine filament consisting only of a core component by crushing the sheath component of a core-sheath composite long-woven fabric. Therefore, there are problems that the sheath component cannot be used as a fiber constituting the nonwoven fabric, and crushed pieces of the sheath component cause dust generation.
  • the former and latter technologies have common fatal problems.
  • the nonwoven fabric obtained by the action of these high-pressure liquid columnar flows has three-dimensional confounding due to the impact of the high-pressure liquid columnar flows on the undivided filaments or the ultrafine filaments.
  • the bulk density of the nonwoven fabric is high, and the flexibility and the heat retention are inferior.
  • the split split weave and the three-dimensional entanglement are simultaneously provided, and only the three-dimensional entanglement is avoided, and the nonwoven fabric has sufficient flexibility and heat retention. It is impossible to grant.
  • the nonwoven fabric obtained by employing the means of high-pressure liquid columnar flow has the drawback that its application range is narrowed and its application to a wide range of application fields is hindered.
  • the present invention uses a composite filament that is splittable and heat-sensitive and has heat-sensitive adhesive properties, and applies heat to a fiber tube obtained by accumulating the composite filament by, for example, a hot embossing method.
  • a fusion area where the composite type long fibers are fused is formed at intervals, and then the kneading process is performed to apply the fusion area.
  • the composite long arrowhead fiber present in the non-fused area is divided into three parts without substantial three-dimensional entanglement, so that bulkiness and bulkiness can be improved. Excellent heat retention It is about providing a nonwoven fabric that has been made.
  • the present invention relates to a thermoplastic polymer component A and a thermoplastic polymer component B which is incompatible with the component A and has a melting point 30 to 180 ° C. higher than the melting point of the component A.
  • a microfiber nonwoven fabric formed of composite type long fibers having at least the component A exposed on the surface thereof, wherein only the component A in the composite type long fibers is softened.
  • a fusion zone formed by fusion between the composite filaments is provided at intervals, and the non-fusion region outside the fusion zone is divided into the composite filaments.
  • Fiber A consisting only of component A generated by splitting, component B generated by split splitting of the composite type long fiber, and non-divided split type composite long fiber are substantially three-dimensionally entangled.
  • the present invention relates to an ultra-fine arrowhead nonwoven fabric characterized by being mixed without being mixed. Further, the present invention relates to a thermoplastic polymer component A, a thermoplastic polymer component B which is incompatible with the component A and has a melting point higher by 30 to 180 ° C. than the melting point of the component A. And a composite type long fiber having at least the component A exposed on its surface is accumulated to form a fiber tube, and then the fiber tube is placed in a predetermined area spaced apart from the fiber tube in the thickness direction. The heat is applied over a period of time to soften or melt only the component A, so that the fusion zone where the composite-type long fibers are fused is formed at intervals.
  • the composite fiber long fiber present in the non-fused area is divided and split by subjecting the fiber fiber to kneading to obtain a fiber comprising only component A.
  • This composite type long fiber is a composite of a thermoplastic polymer component A and a thermoplastic polymer component B which is incompatible with component A and has a melting point 30 to 180 ° C higher than the melting point of component A. It was done.
  • the component A is at least exposed on the surface of the composite long fiber.
  • the reason why a polymer exhibiting thermoplasticity is used as the component A is to melt or soften the component A to cause fusion between the composite type long fibers. Therefore, at least a part of the component A must be exposed on the surface of the composite long fiber. If the component A is not exposed, it cannot be bonded to other composite type long fibers by fusion.
  • component B has a melting point 30-180 ° C higher, preferably 40-160 higher, and most preferably 50-140 higher than component A. If the difference in melting point between the two components is less than 30 ° C, if component A is melted or softened, component B will also soften or deteriorate easily, and the fiber morphology of the composite filament will break. This is because the mechanical strength of the formed fusion zone decreases. Conversely, if the difference in melting point between the two components exceeds 180 °, it will be difficult to produce the composite type filament itself by the composite melt spinning method.
  • the melting points of components A and B were measured by the following method. Using a differential calorimeter (Perkin-Elmer Co., Ltd.
  • component A and component B must be incompatible polymers. This is because the affinity between the component A and the component B is reduced, and the component A and the component B are easily separated from each other. That is, it is for imparting the function of split weaving to the composite type long fiber. In addition, it is better that both component A and component B are exposed on the surface of The function of the split arrowhead is further improved.
  • component A and component B include a polyamide-based polymer / polyester-based polymer, and a polyolefin-based polymer / polyol. Ester-based polymers, polyolefm-based polymers, and polyamide-based polymers can be used.
  • the polyester-based polymer it is possible to use polyethylene phthalate, polybutylene phthalate, or a copolymer containing these as a main component. it can.
  • the polyamide-based polymer include Nylon 6, Nylon 46, Nylon 66, Nylon 6100, and copolymerized nylon containing these as a main component. Mouthpieces can be used.
  • a lubricant, a pigment, an anti-glazing agent, a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, an antistatic agent, a conductive agent, a heat storage agent, etc. are added to the component A or the component B as required. You may.
  • any form may be used as long as the above requirements are satisfied.
  • the composite fiber is composited so that the cross section of the composite filament becomes the form shown in FIGS.
  • Component A must be exposed at least on the surface of the composite filament, and both components A and B may be exposed on the surface of the composite filament.
  • the shaded portion is the component B
  • the scattered portion is the component A.
  • the central portion where neither the oblique lines nor the scattered points are given may be hollow (hollow fiber) or may be formed of a polymer component other than the component A and the component B.
  • the illustrated composite filament has a substantially circular cross-section and a point-symmetrical force.
  • the present invention is not limited to this. Needless to say, it may be an asymmetrical cross-section with an irregular cross-section.
  • the bonding force between the composite type long fibers due to fusion decreases, and it tends to be difficult to impart sufficient tensile strength to the obtained nonwoven fabric.
  • component A exceeds 80 parts by weight, the fusion between the composite long arrowheads becomes intense, and a large hole is opened in the fusion area, and the tensile strength of the resulting nonwoven fabric is reduced. A downward trend occurs.
  • the fineness of the composite type long fiber used in the present invention is a matter that can be arbitrarily determined, and is preferably 2 to 12 denier. If the fineness of the composite type long fiber is less than 2 denier, the composite type long fiber tends to be too thin to be difficult to manufacture. On the other hand, if the arrowhead degree exceeds 12 denier, the composite fiber becomes too thick, and it tends to be difficult to obtain a woven fabric having a low basis weight and a good texture.
  • the composite long fibers are used and accumulated to form a fiber web.
  • the production of the conjugate type long fiber and the formation of the fiber tube are preferably performed by the following methods. That is, first, a thermoplastic polymer component A such as the above-mentioned polyolefm-based polymer is prepared. Then, prepare a thermoplastic polymer component B that is incompatible with component A and has a melting point of 30 to 180 higher than the melting point of component A. Then, both components A and B are introduced into a melt-spinning apparatus equipped with a composite spinneret, and are mixed by a conventionally known composite melt-spinning method. To obtain a composite long fiber.
  • a thermoplastic polymer component A such as the above-mentioned polyolefm-based polymer is prepared.
  • a thermoplastic polymer component B that is incompatible with component A and has a melting point of 30 to 180 higher than the melting point of component A.
  • both components A and B are introduced into a melt-spinning
  • the components A and B When introducing the components A and B into the composite spinneret, at least a part of the component A must be exposed on the surface of the obtained composite-type long fiber.
  • the component A and the component B In order to melt-spin the component A and the component B, they may be heated to a temperature higher by 20 to 60 ° C than their respective melting points. Therefore, when the melting point difference between component A and component B exceeds 180 180, component ⁇ is heated to a temperature extremely higher than its melting point due to the thermal effect of component ⁇ in the molten state, and component A decomposes or degrades There is fear. If the spinning temperature is lower than the above-mentioned temperature range, it becomes difficult to increase the spinning speed, and it is difficult to obtain a fine denier composite long fiber.
  • the spinning temperature is higher than the above-mentioned temperature range, the fluidity of the component A and the component B is increased, and the yarn tends to break during melt spinning.
  • the yarn breaks, the cut end becomes a ball-shaped lump, and the lump is mixed in the obtained nonwoven fabric, which tends to lower the quality of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the fluidity of the components A and B increases, the vicinity of the spinning hole is easily stained, and the spinning hole needs to be cleaned at regular intervals, which tends to reduce the operability.
  • the melt-spun composite filaments are then cooled and introduced into an air sucker.
  • the air sucker is usually called an air jet, and is used to carry the fiber and draw the fiber by the action of sucking and sending air.
  • the composite type long fiber group introduced into the air sucker is conveyed to the outlet of the air sucker while being drawn. Then, the composite long fiber group is opened by the open arrowhead device provided at the outlet of the air sucker.
  • a conventionally known method is employed, for example, a corona discharge method or a triboelectric charging method. Then, the opened composite type long fiber Are collected on a moving collecting conveyor made of wire mesh or the like to form a fiber web.
  • a predetermined area of the woven fiber is heated in the thickness direction. Then, only the component A of the conjugate long fiber in that area is softened or melted, and the conjugate long fibers are fused together to form a fusion area.
  • the predetermined areas are provided at intervals, and are arranged in a form such as a scattered point or a grid in a fiber tube. In this predetermined area, the heat is applied so that the temperature becomes substantially the same in the thickness direction.
  • the component A of the composite type long fiber is sufficiently softened or melted in the intermediate layer of the fiber web.
  • the composite filaments do not fuse together sufficiently and the resulting nonwoven fabric cannot be improved in tensile strength.
  • an embossing device including an uneven roll and a smooth roll, or an embossing device including a pair of uneven rolls is used to heat the uneven nozzle. Then, the convex portion may be pressed against the fiber tube. At this time, it is preferable that the concavo-convex roll is heated to a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the component A.
  • the shape of the tip surface of the convex portion of the concavo-convex roll can be any shape such as a round shape, an elliptical shape, a diamond shape, a triangular shape, a T shape, a well shape or a lattice shape.
  • the fusion zone may be formed using an ultrasonic welding device.
  • the ultrasonic welding equipment is designed to By irradiating the area with ultrasonic waves, the component A is melted by frictional heat between the composite long fibers in the area.
  • the fusion zone is a force that can be formed at a desired ratio in the fiber tube, and in the present invention, the fusion region is formed at a ratio of 5 to 50% based on the total area of the obtained nonwoven fabric. But I like it. If the fused area is less than 5% of the total area of the nonwoven fabric, the tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric tends to decrease. Conversely, if the fused area exceeds 50%, the area where the composite type long fibers are fused increases, and the flexibility of the obtained nonwoven fabric tends to decrease.
  • a fiber fiber in which the composite long fibers are fused to each other is obtained.
  • the fiber fleece is subjected to kneading.
  • the kneading method include, for example, a buckling compression method in which the fiber fleece is bent into a roll by introducing the fiber fleece at a speed higher than the derivation speed and bending the fiber fleece.
  • a high-pressure liquid flow treatment method in which a high-pressure liquid flow is applied to a source can be applied.
  • any method can be applied as long as the kneading action for splitting and weaving the composite long fiber is added to the fiber fleece.
  • the buckling compression method it is preferable to use a micro-craper machine manufactured by Microclex Co., Ltd. or a cam-fit machine manufactured by Uenoyama Machine Co., Ltd.
  • the high-pressure liquid flow treatment method it is preferable to use a generally used high-pressure liquid flow dyeing machine.
  • the fiber fleece absorbs water, so it is necessary to dry it after treatment. It is economically advantageous.
  • Split splitting by such kneading is called a needle punch. It has the following advantages as compared with the treatment by the pressure method or the high pressure water column method. In other words, the treatment by the needle punch method or the high-pressure water column flow method can be divided well at the location where the needle needle or the high-pressure water column flow penetrates, but is not easily divided at the location where it does not penetrate. In some cases, the ratio of split split weave of composite type long fibers is low. On the other hand, since the kneading process is performed uniformly on the whole, there is an advantage that the split weaving can be performed at a high ratio.
  • the needle needle or the high-pressure water column flow may penetrate the fusion zone and destroy or damage the fusion zone.
  • kneading does not penetrate foreign substances that exhibit a high impact force, and therefore has the advantage that the fused area is less likely to be broken or damaged.
  • the split fibers are three-dimensionally entangled with each other, and the bulkiness tends to decrease.
  • the split split fibers do not substantially three-dimensionally entangle with each other, and the bulkiness of the split split texture does not significantly decrease. There is an advantage.
  • the composite long fiber in the area other than the fusion area, that is, in the non-fusion area is split and woven, and is composed of the fiber A consisting of only the component A and the fiber B alone. It is done.
  • the degree of split splitting of the composite type long fiber in the non-fused area that is, the splitting rate is preferably 70% or more, and most preferably 95% or more.
  • the splitting rate is determined by how much the split length is split with respect to the total length of the conjugate long fibers that existed in the non-fused area. Nouchi 7 m When the split arrowhead is split and 3 m is not split and undivided composite filaments remain, the splitting rate is 70%.
  • the non-fused area is improved in flexibility and bulky, and the heat retention is improved.
  • the composite filaments existing in the fusion zone are hardly divided and split, since the fibers are bonded to each other by fusion of the component A.
  • this ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric 6 is composed of a fusion zone 11 and a non-fusion zone 12, and in the fusion zone 11, the composite long fibers are mutually bonded by the fusion of the component A.
  • the fibers A and B produced by the split splitting of the conjugated filaments accumulate without substantially binding or substantially entangled, thereby increasing the bulkiness. It is.
  • the weaving degree of the fiber A composed of only the component A, which is generated by splitting the composite type long fiber is preferably 0.05 to 2.0 denier.
  • the fineness of the textile B consisting of only the component B is preferably from 0.02 to 0.8 denier.
  • the fineness of the fiber A and the arrowhead B may be the same, but the fiber A is relatively thicker in denier (about 1.5 to 3 times the fiber B).
  • the composite type long fiber as shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 4 that is, the component B is divided into many on the surface of the composite type long fiber, while the component A is the composite type long fiber.
  • the fiber length of the composite type long fiber used in the present invention is as long as it can be said that it is infinite. It covers the area 11 and the non-fusion area 12.
  • the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric 6 obtained by the method according to the present invention has a large number of conjugated long fibers accumulated therein, and each conjugated long fiber has a fusion zone in its longitudinal direction.
  • the sites present in 11 are joined to each other by the fusion of component A, and the sites present in the non-fused area 12 are split and arrowheaded to produce fibers A and B. Therefore, in the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric 6 obtained by the method according to the present invention, the fibers in the non-fused area 12 and the fibers in the fused area 11 are continuous, and high tensile strength is realized.
  • the basis weight of the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric obtained by the method according to the present invention as a whole can be arbitrarily determined, but is generally about 10 to 250 gZm 2 .
  • relatively fine-weight ultra-fine fiber non-woven fabrics are used for absorbent materials such as bed sheets, pillow covers, sanitary napkins, sanitary materials such as disposable diapers, and household or industrial oil absorbing materials. It is suitably used for applications such as dressing.
  • relatively high-density ultra-fine fiber non-woven fabrics include filter materials, cotton in sleeping bags and bedding, bulking materials, carpets and artificial leather base fabrics, fertilizer absorbing materials for horticulture and nurseries, and buildings. It is suitably used for applications such as a heat insulating material in the wall of the device.
  • microfiber nonwoven fabric and the method for producing the same according to the present invention obtained by the above method have the following advantages.
  • Certain composite long fibers used in the present invention function both as heat-sensitive adhesive fibers and as split-type fibers. Focusing on this function, the fiber consisting of composite filaments is accumulated. In a predetermined area of the fiber tube, heat-sensitive adhesiveness is developed to fuse between the composite type long fibers, and in an area other than the predetermined area of the fiber tube, the function of split splitting is developed. Ultrafine fibers are produced from the composite type long fibers. Therefore, the obtained nonwoven fabric is excellent in bulkiness because the ultrafine fibers are generated and accumulated in the area other than the fusion where the composite type long fibers are fused, that is, in the non-fusion area. Excellent heat retention and flexibility.
  • kneading is employed as a means for splitting and splitting the conjugate long fibers. Therefore, compared to the split splitting by the 21-dollar punch method or the high-pressure water column flow method, there is an effect that the ratio of splitting and splitting of the composite type long fiber is higher. Accordingly, split bunching is promoted in the non-fused area, and the resulting nonwoven fabric has the effect of further improving bulkiness, heat retention, and flexibility. Furthermore, in the present invention, in order to split the composite type long fiber by kneading, a foreign substance having a high impact force penetrates into the arrowhead fiber, such as the needle punch method or the high pressure water column flow method.
  • the fusion zone is less likely to be fractured or damaged, and has an effect of preventing the tensile strength of the obtained nonwoven fabric from being reduced.
  • the split and split fibers are liable to be three-dimensionally entangled with each other, but in the case of the kneading process according to the present invention, the split and split fibers are three-dimensionally entangled with each other. Peg . Therefore, according to the present invention, there is an effect that the bulkiness of the non-fused area can be prevented from decreasing due to the three-dimensional entanglement of the split fibers.
  • the composite filaments existing in this area are almost completely fused to each other. Furthermore, although the fibers present in the fused area and the non-fused area are different in their state, they are both derived from the same conjugated filament, and the conjugated filaments are fused and unfused. And the non-fused area is formed of ultrafine long fibers. Therefore, in the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric obtained by the method according to the present invention, each composite type long fiber is inevitably fused in the fusion zone, and the ultrafine fibers are formed between the fusion zones.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of a composite type long fiber used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the cross section of the composite type long fiber used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of the composite type long fiber used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a cross section of the composite type long fiber used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view showing an example of an apparatus used for kneading in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of a microfiber nonwoven fabric according to an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the microfiber nonwoven fabric shown in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
  • thermoplastic polymer component A High melting point of 130 and force of 0 g / 0 min A density polyethylene was prepared.
  • thermoplastic polymer component B has a melting point of 258 and a relative viscosity at 20 ° C of 1.38 when dissolved in an equal amount of a mixed solvent of tetrachlorethane and phenol.
  • Polyethylene terephthalate was prepared. Then, composite melt-spinning was performed using the components ⁇ and ⁇ . At this time, a compound spinning machine stand equipped with a spinneret having 162 nozzle holes and four spindles was used.
  • the composite melt spinning was performed such that the single-hole discharge amount was 1.20 gZ minute, the component A discharge amount was 0.60 gZ minute, and the component B discharge amount was 0.60 gZ minute. .
  • the spinning temperature was 230 for component A and 285 ° C for component B.
  • the composite filament was pulled through an air sucker, 6 pieces per weight, placed at a position 120 cm below the spinneret, and pulled at a speed of 4000 m / min.
  • the composite filament obtained in this manner had a cross section as shown in Fig. 1 and a fineness of 2.70 denier.
  • the group of drawn composite long fibers was opened by corona discharge, and deposited on a moving conveyor net to form a fiber tube.
  • the fiber tube was introduced between the uneven roll heated to 120 and the smooth roll heated to 12 (TC. As a result, the fiber abuts on the convex portion of the uneven roll.
  • the area of the obtained fiber tube was heated in the thickness direction, the polyethylene of the composite type long fiber was softened, and the composite type long fiber was fused to each other.
  • the fused areas corresponding to the convex portions of the uneven roll were arranged in a scattered manner, and the total area thereof was 14% with respect to the surface area of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the composite type long fibers were bonded to each other, and in the non-fusion-bonded area, a fiber fiber in which the composite type long fibers were simply accumulated was obtained.
  • This fiber flour was kneaded using an apparatus as shown in FIG.
  • This device was a Microcraper II manufactured by Microx, and the conditions were set as follows.
  • reference numeral 5 denotes a fiber free
  • reference numeral 6 denotes the obtained ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric.
  • the ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric obtained as described above is a 0.17 denier ultrafine polyethylene terephthalate fiber and 1.4 denier produced by splitting composite long fibers by kneading.
  • the polyethylene fibers of the composite type were mixed and accumulated, and in the fusion area, the composite type filaments were bonded to each other by the fusion of polyethylene in the composite type filaments.
  • the splitting rate of the composite type long fiber in the non-fused area was 95%.
  • the weight per unit area of this ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric was 50 gm.
  • thermoplastic polymer component A concentrated sulfuric acid with a melting point of 225 ° C and 96% Nylon 6 having a relative viscosity of 2.57 as measured by the method described in Example 25 was prepared.
  • thermoplastic polymer component B the same polyethylene terephthalate as used in Example 1 was prepared.
  • composite melt spinning was performed using Component A and Component B.
  • a hollow radial composite spinning hole for 16 divisions was used to obtain a composite long fiber having a cross section as shown in Fig. 2 as a spinning hole, and the spinning temperature of component A was set to 270.
  • a composite melt spinning was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the fact that
  • Example 2 After then, it was pulled with an air sucker in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a composite filament having a cross section as shown in FIG. 2 and a fineness of 2.7 denier. Subsequently, a fiber web was formed in the same manner as in Example 1, and a fiber fleece was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the temperatures of the uneven roll and the smooth roll were set to 210 ° C. This fiber flour was subjected to the same kneading process as in Example 1 to obtain a microfiber nonwoven fabric.
  • the obtained ultrafine fibrous nonwoven fabric was produced by kneading using a split arrowhead of a composite type long fiber and produced 0.17 denier ultrafine nylon 6 fiber and polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the fibers and fibers were mixed and accumulated, and in the fusion area, the composite filaments were bonded to each other by fusion of nylon 6 in the composite filaments.
  • the split arrowhead ratio of the composite type long fiber in the non-fused area was 82%.
  • the basis weight of this ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric was 50 g / nf.
  • the fiber fleece obtained in Example 2 was subjected to kneading using a mouth-flow type liquid jet dyeing machine (manufactured by Hokuriku Koki). And this massage At the same time, the nylon 6 components in the fiber flour and the nylon 6 ultrafine fibers generated by kneading were dyed.
  • the dyeing conditions were as follows: Blue FFB (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) as an acid dye, 0.2% ow f., Migregal WA-10 (manufactured by Senniki) 0.5 g / 1, acetic acid as a leveling agent. Was performed using an aqueous solution of 20001 in which PH5 was dissolved.
  • the conditions for applying the liquid flow to the fiber fleece were a liquid temperature of 100 ° C, a fiber fleece speed of 100 m / min, a nozzle pressure of 3 kgZcnl, and a time of one hour.
  • dehydration and drying were performed to obtain a microfiber nonwoven fabric.
  • the obtained ultra-fine fiber non-woven fabric was produced by kneading and splitting of composite filaments into 0.17-denier ultra-fine nylon 6 fibers and polyethylene.
  • the phthalate fibers were mixed and accumulated, and in the fusion area, the composite long fibers were bonded to each other by fusion of nylon 6 in the composite long fibers.
  • the splitting rate of the composite type long fiber in the non-fused area was 88%.
  • the basis weight of this ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric was 50 gm, m.
  • Example 2 The same polyethylene phthalate and polyethylene used in Example 1 were prepared.
  • a hollow radial composite spinning hole for 48 divisions (consisting of 24 divisions each) was used so as to obtain a composite filament having a cross section of the type shown in Fig. 2.
  • the ratio of the discharge amount of the polyethylene phthalate to that of the polyethylene was set to 1.5Z1.
  • Composite melt spinning was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the spinning temperature of the component A was changed to 270.
  • the obtained ultrafine arrowhead nonwoven fabric has 0.03 denier ultrafine polyethylene fibers and 0.05 denier ultrafine polyethylene fibers formed by splitting and weaving composite type long fibers by kneading. Intermediate fibers are mixed together and accumulated, and in the fusion area, the fusion between the composite filaments is caused by fusion of the polyethylene in the composite filament. Had been combined. At this time, the splitting rate of the composite filament in the non-fused area was 73%. Then, the basis weight of this ultrafine arrowhead nonwoven fabric was 25 g / m 2 .
  • Tensile strength (kgZ5cm): According to the stripping method described in JIS L-1096, prepare 10 specimens of 10cm long and 5cm wide, and make a vertical nonwoven fabric for each specimen. In the (MD) and transverse (CD) directions, using a constant speed tensile tester (Tensilon UTM-4-100 manufactured by Toyo Baldwin Co., Ltd.), the film was stretched at a tensile speed of lOcmZ and the maximum load obtained. The value obtained by converting the average value to the basis weight of 100 g Zm 2 was defined as the tensile strength.
  • Bending softness (g): Prepare five specimens with a sample length of 10 cm and a specimen width of 5 cm. Bend each specimen in the lateral direction to form a cylindrical object. The joints of the two were used as measurement samples, and the compression speed was measured using a constant-speed tensile tester (Tensilon UTM-4-1-100 manufactured by Toyo Ball-Douin Co., Ltd.) Compression was performed at 5 cmZ, and the average of the obtained maximum load values was defined as the compression bending resistance. This compression rigidity means that the smaller the value, the better the flexibility.
  • Air permeability (ccZoSZsec.): In accordance with the fragile method described in JIS 1096, three sample pieces each having a sample length of 15 cm and a sample width of 15 cm are prepared, and a Frazier-type testing machine is used. After attaching the sample to one end of the cylinder, adjust the suction fan with a rheostat, let the inclined barometer draw air so that the water column indicates 1.27 cm, and use the pressure indicated by the vertical barometer at that time. The amount of air passing through the sample was determined from the type of air hole obtained using the table attached to the tester, and the average value of the amount of air was defined as the air permeability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

Est décrit un non-tissé (6) de fibres ultrafines présentant d'excellentes caractéristiques de gonflant, de conservation de la chaleur et de résistance à la traction. Un constituant polymère thermoplastique A est préparé. Est également préparé un constituant polymère thermoplastique B non compatible avec le constituant A et présentant un point de fusion supérieur de 30°-180 °C à celui du constituant A. Une bande de fibres est formée par accumulation de fibres composites longues obtenues par un procédé de filage à chaud biconstituant, utilisant les constituants A, B, au moins le constituant A étant exposé sur les surfaces extérieures des fibres. Le constituant A uniquement est ensuite ramolli ou fondu par application de chaleur sur des régions prédéterminées de la bande de fibres dans le sens de son épaisseur, de sorte que les fibres composites longues sont réunies par la fusion. On obtient une nappe de fibres (5) ayant des régions prédéterminées espacées en pointillé ou en réseau. Cette nappe de fibres (5) est soumise à une étape de frottement. Les fibres composites longues se trouvant dans la région non fusionnée (12) sont divisées de sorte que la vitesse de division des fibres atteigne un niveau prédéterminé, afin de donner des fibres A composées du constituant A seul et des fibres B composés du constituant B seul.
PCT/JP1993/001417 1992-10-05 1993-10-04 Non-tisse de fibres ultrafines et procede pour sa fabrication WO1994008083A1 (fr)

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JP6508905A JP2882492B2 (ja) 1992-10-05 1993-10-04 極細繊維不織布及びその製造方法
DE69316337T DE69316337T2 (de) 1992-10-05 1993-10-04 VLIESSTOFF AUS SEHR FEINEN FASERN UND HERSTELLUNGSVERFAHREN HIERFür
EP93921107A EP0624676B1 (fr) 1992-10-05 1993-10-04 Non-tisse de fibres ultrafines et procede pour sa fabrication

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JP29208792 1992-10-05

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DE19962359B4 (de) * 1999-12-23 2004-07-08 Carl Freudenberg Kg Thermovliesstoff
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ES2323164T5 (es) 2000-09-15 2016-06-14 Suominen Corporation Tela de limpieza no tejida desechable y procedimiento de fabricación
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EP0624676A4 (fr) 1995-02-01
DE69316337D1 (de) 1998-02-19
KR100223388B1 (ko) 1999-10-15
DE69316337T2 (de) 1998-04-30
EP0624676B1 (fr) 1998-01-14
EP0624676A1 (fr) 1994-11-17
TW246699B (fr) 1995-05-01

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