WO1992002035A1 - Lampe a couleur variable - Google Patents

Lampe a couleur variable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992002035A1
WO1992002035A1 PCT/JP1991/000962 JP9100962W WO9202035A1 WO 1992002035 A1 WO1992002035 A1 WO 1992002035A1 JP 9100962 W JP9100962 W JP 9100962W WO 9202035 A1 WO9202035 A1 WO 9202035A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc tube
arc
tube
variable color
color lamp
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP1991/000962
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Koichi Hayashi
Original Assignee
Toto Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toto Ltd. filed Critical Toto Ltd.
Priority to KR1019920700587A priority Critical patent/KR920702542A/ko
Publication of WO1992002035A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992002035A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/302—Vessels; Containers characterised by the material of the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/92—Lamps with more than one main discharge path
    • H01J61/94—Paths producing light of different wavelengths, e.g. for simulating daylight
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a translatable variable color lamp.
  • the pause time of the energized pulse is lengthened, so that the power supplied to the discharge lamp is reduced.
  • sufficient luminance may not be obtained as a light source for illumination.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem in the related art, and has as its object to provide a high-luminance, compact 0-color lamp capable of changing the chromaticity of generated light. Aim. Disclosure of the invention
  • variable color ramp of the present invention made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, A dimmable variable color lamp,
  • a plurality of arc tubes each having a different chromaticity of generated light
  • Control means for controlling power input to each of the plurality of arc tubes.
  • the power input to each of the plurality of arc tubes is controlled by the control means, and the light of the emission color unique to the emission tube is emitted from each of the arc tubes to adjust the light of the emission color as a lamp. .
  • the lamps can be made more compact and light of neutral colors can be easily obtained. Can be emitted. Further, since the intermediate color light is emitted without stopping the power supply to the arc tube, the luminance of the intermediate color light can be increased.
  • variable color lamp of the present invention a wide range of variable color control can be achieved with a simple configuration at low cost.
  • control means is configured to include a relative output control unit for changing the relative output of the plurality of arc tubes, the amount of light emitted by each arc tube can be changed.
  • the intermediate color can be adjusted based on the relative power of each emission color. That is, the emission color in the lighting direction can be changed as shown by the color matching function of the chromaticity coordinate system.
  • the plurality of arc tubes are a first arc tube that strongly emits light in a blue wavelength region, a second arc tube that strongly emits light in a green wavelength region, and a third arc tube that strongly emits light in a red wavelength region.
  • a variable color lamp including an arc tube was used.
  • the luminous colors inherent to the arc tube are the three primary colors of light, so that the toning range is expanded and the color of the irradiated object is reproduced vividly.
  • variable color lamp Furthermore, a variable color lamp,
  • the first to third arc tubes are discharge tubes
  • the first arc tube is an arc tube containing an In-based metal halide
  • the second arc tube is an arc tube containing a T 1-based metal halide
  • the third arc tube is A variable color lamp, which is an arc tube in which an Na-based metal halide is sealed. And a variable color lamp in which the emission color inherent in the arc tube is set to the three primary colors of light, or a metal halide to be enclosed in order to obtain the three primary colors of light,
  • the first to third arc tubes were variable color lamps installed adjacent to each other in parallel.
  • variable color lamp in which the arc tubes are arranged in parallel with each other as described above, wherein the first to third arc tubes are arranged in parallel and adjacent to each other in a row, and the first arc tube is arranged.
  • the variable color lamp is arranged between the second and third arc tubes.
  • the middle arc tube of the three arc tubes arranged side by side in parallel to one row is an In-system with a narrower emission range than a T1 or Na-based metal halide.
  • the first arc tube containing metal halide was used.
  • variable color lamp in which each arc tube is arranged in parallel and in contact with each other, or each arc tube is arranged in parallel and adjacent to one row by defining the arrangement thereof,
  • a variable color lamp with multiple arc tubes integrated In this way, it is possible to exchange heat emitted from each arc tube between the arc tubes in close contact. As a result, the temperature rise of each light emitting tube can be made uniform, and each light emitting tube can be stably turned on in a short time.
  • the middle arc tube was given heat from the arc tubes on both sides. For this reason, the center arc tube in which the In-based metal halide is encapsulated has an opportunity to receive heat from other arc tubes from the arc tubes on both sides thereof, so that the center arc tube is kept at a high temperature.
  • variable color lamp of the present invention there is an advantage that the range in which each arc tube can convert light is expanded.
  • the range in which a high-intensity discharge lamp incorporating a single arc tube can emit light is about 10%, which is narrower than that of incandescent lamps and halogen lamps. For different reasons. If the input to the arc tube is suppressed in order to reduce the luminous flux in the high-intensity discharge lamp, the temperature in the arc tube decreases, and as a result, the vapor content of the luminous substance such as In, T1, Na in the arc tube is reduced. The pressure changes. If the partial pressure of these vapors falls below a predetermined value, the lamp will go out. With a conventional high-intensity discharge lamp that has only one arc tube, the range that can be illuminated without extinction is approximately 90% of the rated output. Was.
  • variable color lamp of the present invention since each arc tube is provided adjacent to each other in parallel in a row with a common side wall, the heat radiated from each arc tube is transferred to the other arc tubes. It is supplied through the road side wall. Therefore, even when the input to one arc tube is reduced, heat is given to the one arc tube from another adjacent arc tube. As a result, in the variable-color lamp of the present invention, one arc tube having a reduced input is higher than a case in which the input to the arc tube is decreased in a high-intensity discharge lamp having only one arc tube. It will be kept warm.
  • variable color lamp of the present invention when the variable color lamp of the present invention includes three arc tubes adjacent to each other in parallel in one row, a light spectrum of a line spectrum having a relatively narrow dimming range and a strong blue-violet color is provided in the middle arc tube.
  • a T1-based metal halide or a T1 metal that emits light with a relatively broad dimming range and a strong green spectrum is enclosed in each arc tube on both sides of the In-based metal halide.
  • Each of the Na-based metal halides that emit light in a relatively wide light range and a strong yellow-red spectral line is encapsulated, so in addition to the above-mentioned effect of expanding the dimmable range,
  • the input to the middle arc tube containing the In-based metal halide with a relatively narrow dimming range is reduced, and the TI-based or Na-based metal halide with a relatively wide dimming range is reduced.
  • the middle arc tube receives heat from the arc tubes on both sides and is kept at a high temperature. The effect of expanding the dimmable range of the middle arc tube becomes remarkable.
  • the multiple arc tubes are made of translucent ceramic,
  • the translucent ceramic is
  • variable color lamp having an average particle size of the translucent crystal particles of 1 or less and a maximum particle size of 2 zm or less was used.
  • the grain boundary phase is hardly formed due to the high purity of the alumina, and the mechanical strength (bending strength, Weibull coefficient) from room temperature to the temperature at the time of electric discharge is such as that of MS0. It is improved compared to a general translucent ceramic arc tube in which the particles are coarsened by sintering with an auxiliary agent.
  • the thickness of each arc tube can be reduced.
  • the heat capacity of the arc tube itself decreases with the thickness reduction, the entire light emitting portion of the arc tube is quickly heated to a predetermined temperature, and the enclosed discharge metal component (metal halide) evaporates. It is possible to shorten the starting time until the saturated vapor pressure is reached.
  • any type of arc tube can be selected, and a discharge tube such as a metal halide tube, a high-pressure sodium tube, or a fluorescent tube having high lamp efficiency can be used.
  • the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS Z8110) specifies the relationship between the color name of a single-color light source and the wavelength range as follows.
  • light in the blue wavelength range refers to light in the wavelength range of 380 to 495 nm
  • light in the green wavelength range refers to light in the wavelength range of 485 to 573 nm
  • light in the red wavelength range refers to light in the wavelength range of 573 nm to 780 nm.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a variable color lamp according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an XY chromaticity diagram showing a toning range for explaining the relationship between the relative output of the arc tube and the emission color in the variable color lamp of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an electric configuration of the variable color lamp of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an arc tube 1M incorporated in the variable color lamp of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an arc tube 1N instead of the arc tube 1M,
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the particle size distribution in the translucent alumina constituting the arc tube 1M.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an arc tube 1L according to a modification of the variable color lamp of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is an arc tube 1R and a production thereof according to a modification of the variable color lamp of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an arc tube 1S in a modified example of the variable color lamp of the second embodiment
  • FIGS. 11 (a) and (b) show the manufacturing steps of the arc tubes 1R and 1S.
  • a perspective view and a Y-plane cross-sectional view of the arc tube 1A described as a substitute
  • FIG. 12 is a process diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of the arc tube 1A
  • FIGS. 13 (a) and (b) are perspective views of a mating die used for manufacturing the arc tube 1A
  • FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of the arc tube 1A
  • FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a manufacturing process of the arc tube 1A.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a variable color lamp according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the variable color lamp 1 includes a first arc tube 3, a second arc tube 4 and a third arc tube 5 in a outer tube 2 having a reflecting mirror 17 on the upper side via a support 15. .
  • the outer tube 2 is made of a translucent material having a light scattering function, such as poppy glass, opalescent glass, and acryl.
  • Each of the arc tubes 3 to 5 has a different emission color.
  • Metal halide (luminescent substance) is enclosed together with mercury and a rare gas for starting.
  • Each arc tube has a pair of main electrodes 6 and 9, 7 and 10, 8, and 11 sealed at both ends via a molybdenum foil. Further, starting auxiliary electrodes 12, 13, and 14 are provided at the lower end of each arc tube.
  • the main electrode and the auxiliary starting electrode are connected to a power control circuit 20 described later by a bin 16 ⁇ Each of the arc tubes 3 to 5 are made of quartz glass, and both ends of the arc tube are Each main electrode is a coil-wound electrode made of tungsten or the like.
  • the outer tube 2 is filled with vacuum or gas.
  • First light-emitting tube 3 is together encapsulate I n type metal halides such as I n I 3 mercury and starting rare gas, 4 1 1 nm, 4 5 1 nm wavelength range around, i.e. It has a strong blue-violet line spectrum.
  • the second arc tube 4 contains a T 1 -based metal halide such as T 1 I together with mercury and a rare gas for starting, and has a wavelength region around 535 nm, that is, a line spectrum that is strong in green. With torr.
  • the third arc tube 5 contains a Na-based metal halide such as Naal together with mercury and a rare gas for starting, and emits a light in the wavelength region around 589 nm, i.e., a strong yellow-red line spectrum. Have.
  • a Na-based metal halide such as Naal together with mercury and a rare gas for starting, and emits a light in the wavelength region around 589 nm, i.e., a strong yellow-red line spectrum.
  • FIG. 2 is an XY chromaticity diagram for explaining the relationship between the relative output of the arc tube and the emission color.
  • points A, B, and C represent the color development points of the arc tubes 3 to 5, respectively.
  • the emission color of the variable color lamp 1 can be changed in the range of a triangle having three points A, B, and C as vertices according to the additive rule of color (additive color mixture). For example, by setting the outputs of the second and third arc tubes 4 and 5 to be greater than the output of the first arc tube 3, the variable yellow lamp 1 Light of the emission color is obtained.
  • variable color lamp 1 of the first embodiment is a block diagram thereof.
  • the starting auxiliary electrode is not shown because it does not relate to the gist of the present invention.
  • the power control circuit 20 includes three dimmers 21, 22, 23, and three ballasts 24, 25, 26 corresponding to the three arc tubes 3 to 5, respectively. I have.
  • the optical devices 21 to 23 are semiconductor phase control circuits, and each optical device is connected to an AC power supply 18 in parallel. If the rated voltage of each arc tube 3 to 5 is different, AC power supplies having different voltages may be connected.
  • the toning control circuit 30 includes an input unit 31, an output distribution calculating unit 32, an arc tube output calculating unit 33, and three dimming signal output units 34, 35, and 36.
  • the remote control device 40 includes a chromaticity setting unit 42 and a lamp output setting unit 43.
  • the remote control device 40 has a key group for inputting a command and a display unit for displaying the operation state of the lamp.
  • the operator sets the chromaticity and output of the lamp by pressing a key of the remote controller 40.
  • the chromaticity is input, for example, as coordinate values in the xy chromaticity coordinate system. In the case of point D shown in Fig. 2, the coordinate values in the xy chromaticity coordinate system are (0.37, 0.45).
  • the lamp output is input, for example, as a relative output (percentage) to the maximum output of the lamp in each chromaticity.
  • the chromaticity setting section 42 and the lamp output setting section 43 of the remote control device 40 generate a chromaticity signal Sc and a lamp output signal SP, respectively, according to the values input by the keys, and It is transmitted to the input unit 31 of the color control circuit 30.
  • the chromaticity signal Sc is supplied from the input unit 31 to the output distribution calculating unit 32.
  • the output distribution calculator 32 determines the relative values of the total luminous flux of the three arc tubes 3 to 5 for realizing the chromaticity represented by the chromaticity signal Sc according to the color addition rule.
  • the arc tube output calculation unit 33 calculates the output value of each arc tube based on the relative value of the total luminous flux of each arc tube (that is, the relative value of the output) calculated by the output distribution calculation unit 32 and the lamp output signal SP. Calculate the output level. At this time, the output level of the arc tube having the largest relative output value calculated by the output distribution calculator 32 is determined by comparing the rated output of the arc tube with the relative output (percent) represented by the lamp output signal Sp. Adjust to the level multiplied by. For example, if the relative values of the outputs of three arc tubes are 0.6: 0.4: 1.0 and the relative output represented by the lamp output signal SP is 70%, Output levels are set at 42%, 28% and 70% respectively.
  • a signal indicating the output level of each arc tube is supplied from the arc tube output calculation section 33 to three dimming signal output sections 34 to 36, and the dimming signal output sections 34 to 36 are provided with dimmers 21 to 23.
  • the conduction phase angle of the current is controlled.
  • the current flowing through each arc tube is adjusted-the total luminous flux of each arc tube is adjusted. Since the efficiency of each arc tube depends on the current, the total luminous flux is not necessarily proportional to the power supply.
  • the arc tube output calculation unit 33 determines the ratio of the total luminous flux of each arc tube determined by the output distribution calculation unit 32 according to the relationship between the total luminous flux of the arc tube and the power supply amount.
  • the signals given to the optical signal output units 34 to 36 are corrected in accordance with the calibration curve shown in FIG.
  • These arc tubes 3 to 5 are housed in an outer tube 2 made of a light-transmitting material having a light scattering function, such as poppy glass, opalescent glass, and acryl, so that the positions of the arc tubes are misaligned. Poor mixing of the luminous flux of each color due to the above-mentioned factors can be avoided by the dulling function of these materials.
  • a light-transmitting material having a light scattering function such as poppy glass, opalescent glass, and acryl
  • variable color lamp 1 of the first embodiment it is possible to use three light emitting tubes having light emitting colors close to the three primary colors of RGB and change the relative output of each light emitting tube.
  • the emission color of the lamp can be adjusted to a color in most of the visible light range on the xy chromaticity diagram. That is, by disabling the relative output of each arc tube, the emission color in the lighting direction can be changed as shown by the number of equal colors M in the chromaticity coordinate system.
  • the line spectrum of each arc tube is close to the three primary colors of light, it has the effect of vividly reproducing the color of the irradiated object.
  • Examples of the plurality of arc tubes 3 to 5 used in the variable color lamp 1 of the present invention include a metal halide tube in which the metal halide of the first embodiment is sealed, an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent tube, and a high pressure lamp. Any of various discharge types such as a sodium tube and a neon tube can be adopted.
  • the third arc tube 5 of the first embodiment is replaced with a metal halide tube in which an Na-based metal halide such as NaI is sealed, and a red-colored line lamp is used. If a neon tube having a torque is adopted, a wider color development range can be covered.
  • an additive may be added to aluminum to obtain a specific spectral characteristic.
  • a Cr-based additive is used, a red-based additive is used, while a Co-based additive is used. If it is used, the line spectrum can be obtained in the blue region, and the line spectrum can be obtained in the green region by using those of the Ni or Zn system.
  • the present invention can be achieved by using these as arc tubes.
  • the oxide of each of the above-mentioned additives is solid-dissolved during sintering of translucent alumina to color the entire light emitting tube, A colored layer in which an oxide of each of the above-mentioned additives is dissolved as a solid may be formed on the periphery of the alumina arc tube.
  • the number of arc tubes if the color development range is only a linear range, the number is two. If it is desired to cover a wider range, the number is four or more.
  • variable color lamp according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
  • the description of the members performing the same functions as those of the first embodiment and the notation of symbols (numerical values) given to the members will be omitted as appropriate.
  • the three arc tubes 3 to 5 of the variable color lamp are housed independently in the outer tube, but in the second embodiment, the three arc tubes are parallel and adjacent to one row. — Store the 1 M arc tube as shown in Fig. 4 in the outer tube.
  • This arc tube 1M is made of translucent alumina, and as shown in FIG. 4, three single tube luminous tubes forming a discharge space in which a pair of main electrodes are sealed with a straight conduit.
  • This is a multi-tube arc tube in which the tubes lml, lm 2, and 1 m 3 are integrated in parallel in one row.
  • the side walls of the adjacent single tube arc tubes l ml, 1 m 2, and 1 m 3 are shared over the range shown by the hatched lines in the figure.
  • each single tube arc tube 1 ml, 1 m 2, 1 m 3 is about 4.0 mm, and its wall thickness (d 0 in FIG. 4) is about 0.2 mm.
  • the distance between the main electrodes when a pair of main electrodes is sealed in each arc tube is about 3 Omm.
  • an aluminum salt which becomes alumina having a purity of 99.9.99 mo 1% or more when pyrolyzed is prepared as a starting material.
  • the aluminum salt thus prepared is weighed, and is temporarily made into a suspended aqueous solution using distilled water and a dispersant, and is dried by a spray explosion method. After that, it is decomposed to obtain fine powder of alumina alone.
  • fine powder of alumina alone in performing the thermal decomposition, it is treated at 900 to 1200, for example, 1050 in the air for 2 hours.
  • fine aluminum powder having an average particle size of 0.2 to 0.3 ⁇ m and a purity of 99.9 m 0 1% or more is obtained.
  • the synthesized alumina fine powder is obtained as a secondary aggregate having a diameter larger than the above-mentioned particle diameter due to aggregation of the alumina fine powder having the above particle diameter.
  • an organic binder mainly composed of an acrylic thermoplastic resin is mixed with the alumina fine powder (secondary aggregate) synthesized as described above, and this is mixed with an organic solvent (benzene) to form a plastic (Ni).
  • an organic solvent benzene
  • the organic binder is a mixture of an acrylic thermoplastic resin, paraffin wax, and atactic polypropylene.
  • the total amount of the organic binder (S) based on the alumina fine powder (100%) is 250 mg.
  • the components in the organic binder are mixed as follows, and the total of the components is the total amount of the organic binder (258 kg).
  • Acryl-based thermoplastic resin 20 to 23 sr (preferably 21.5 g) Paraffin wax 3 r or less (preferably 2.0 g)
  • the mixture was distilled and dried at 130 for 24 hours, and then heated and kneaded (1 S0) using an alumina roll mill to obtain the desired viscosity. Get a compound.
  • Step 2 the above-mentioned compa To produce a multi-tubular molded product W0 in which three cylindrical tubes (arc tubes) are integrated adjacent to each other in parallel in a row as shown in Fig. 4 (Step 2) .
  • Konbau down de is 130 ⁇ 200 'C (preferred and rather the 1 80' C) after being heated, the injection machine at an injection pressure of 900 ⁇ 1800 k gr / cm 2 Injected from the nozzle.
  • a molded body W0 is formed.
  • the molded body W0 thus obtained is formed with a transferability of 0.99 or more (dimensions of the molded article / dimensions of the mold), and has a roundness of 0.99 or more and a shrinkage of 0.99 or more. (Radial Z-axis direction).
  • the inner diameter of each cylindrical tube in the formed body W0 is set in consideration of volume shrinkage during sintering, and is about 4.85 mm in the forming stage, and the wall thickness of each cylindrical tube (No. D 0) in Fig. 4 is about 0.3 mm, taking into account the volume shrinkage during sintering and the grinding allowance.
  • step 3 After performing the above-described injection molding step (step 2), the obtained molded body W0 is released from the mold of the injection molding apparatus (step 3).
  • the molded body W0 is subjected to an initial heat treatment of heating to a temperature at which an organic binder such as an acrylic thermoplastic resin is thermally decomposed and completely carbonized, and the molded body W0 is degreased (step 4).
  • the specific upper limit temperature of ripening in the initial heat treatment may be determined according to the ability of the heat treatment to be used and the thermal decomposition temperature of the organic binder. In this embodiment, the temperature is from room temperature (20 to 450). The temperature was raised over time. Other processing conditions are as follows. A constant pressure was maintained during the heating up to 450'C.
  • an organic binder such as an acrylic thermoplastic resin compounded at the time of preparing the compound, and an organic binder such as “Raffinwakkusu, atactic polypropylene”, etc. Is thermally decomposed and carbonized, and the compact W0 is degreased.
  • the degreased body W0 that has undergone the initial heat treatment is subjected to a post-stage heat treatment in the air according to the following conditions, and the degreased body W0 is sintered (step 5).
  • a sintered body is obtained.
  • the temperature was raised for 100 hours.
  • the sintering in the post-stage heat treatment was performed in the temperature range of 1200 to 130 O'C, because the density after sintering was 95% or more of the theoretical density. This is because the hot isostatic press in the process is applied and the formation of coarse crystals in the sintered body is avoided. In other words, if the above sintering is performed at 1200 or less, the density after sintering is less than 95% of the theoretical density, so that the isostatic pressurization does not take place. This is because the frequency of crystal formation is slightly disadvantageous.
  • the body edge shrinkage becomes 82.5% of the green body before sintering, and the filling factor after sintering is about 100%. % ( ⁇ density 3.976).
  • Processing pressure 1 000 to 2000 atm (Maximum pressure 1 000 atm) Processing time 1 to 4 hours (Optimal processing 2 hours)
  • the reason why the hot isostatic press is performed in the above-mentioned temperature range and pressure range is that the desired high translucency is obtained, the mechanical strength is improved, and the hot isostatic press is applied. This is to avoid damage during the process.
  • the isostatic pressing is less than 1200 or less than 1 000 atm, translucency is exhibited, but only low translucency is obtained.
  • it exceeds 1250 abnormal grain growth occurs. This causes a decrease in mechanical strength and translucency.If it exceeds 2,000 atm, stress concentration occurs in places where there are flaws even if pores and flaws in the sintered body are extremely fine. This may cause cracks.
  • both end surfaces of the multi-tubular arc tube 1 M made of translucent aluminum were ground with a diamond grinding wheel, and the inner and outer surfaces of the arc tube 1 M were cut to a particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m.
  • the surface is ground and polished with a brush with diamond abrasive particles to a thickness of 0.2 mm or less (Step 7).
  • each single-tube arc tube 1 m 1, 1 m2, 1 m3 contains an In-based metal halide, which is a luminescent substance that emits light with a strong blue-violet line spectrum
  • Each single-tube arc tube is composed of a T1-based metal halide that emits a green line-strength light, and an Na-based metal halide that emits a yellow-red strong line light.
  • an In-based metal halide is sealed in a single-tube arc tube lm1
  • a T1-based metal halide is sealed in a single-tube arc tube 1m2
  • N is contained in a single-tube arc tube lm3.
  • a-based metal halide is enclosed.
  • variable color lamp of the second embodiment in which the multi-tube shaped arc tube 1M is housed in the outer tube, the emission color can be changed as indicated by the color matching function of the chromaticity coordinate system.
  • the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects of the first embodiment.
  • variable color lamp incorporating the above-described arc tube 1M
  • the side walls of the single tube arc tube l ml, 1 m2, and 1 m3 composing the arc tube 1M are shared. Heat is exchanged between single-tube arc tubes as a medium for heat transfer between 1 ml, 1 m2, and 1 m3.
  • the temperature rise of the tube wall temperature of each single tube arc tube l ml, 1 m2, 1 m 3 can be made uniform.
  • the lamp 1M can be stably turned on as a whole in a short time, and the lamp lighting time can be shortened.
  • variable-color lamp incorporating 1 mm of arc tube enables heat transfer between multiple single tube arc tubes lml, 1 m2, and 1 m3 through the side wall between adjacent single tube arc tubes. Therefore, as described below, there is an advantage that the range in which light can be applied to each single tube arc tube is extended.
  • the range over which light can be converted by a high-intensity discharge lamp incorporating an arc tube is about 10%, and it is known that the range over which light can be emitted is significantly narrower than that of incandescent and halogen lamps. This is for the following reasons. If the input to the arc tube is suppressed in order to reduce the luminous flux in the high-intensity discharge lamp, the temperature in the arc tube decreases, and as a result, the vapor content of the luminous substance such as In, T1, Na, etc. in the arc tube increases. The pressure changes. Then, when the partial pressure of these vapors becomes lower than a predetermined value, the lamp is turned off.
  • the range that can be illuminated without extinction is at most about 90% of the rated output.
  • the dimmable range is still about 90% because each arc tube is independent.
  • each single tube arc tube is provided in parallel with the side wall of the single arc tube so that the single tube arc tube is radiated from each single tube arc tube.
  • Heat is supplied to other single tube arc tubes through the sidewalls. Accordingly, when the input to one single tube arc tube is reduced, heat is given to the one single tube arc tube from another adjacent single tube arc tube.
  • the variable-color lamp incorporating the 1M luminous tube reduced the input.
  • Single tube arc tubes will be kept hotter. For this reason, since the vapor partial pressure of the luminous substance in the single-tube luminous tube whose input has decreased does not change, it is hard to lose light, and the dimmable range is expanded.
  • the dimmable range of the arc tube is expanded, and the chromaticity of the generated light of the entire lamp can be changed in a wider range. Furthermore, if the arrangement of the single-tube arc tube in which the metal halide is sealed is defined as follows, in addition to the effect that the dimmable range can be expanded as described above, there are the following advantages.
  • light in the middle single tube arc tube l m2 has a narrower dimming range than T 1 and Na and a line spectrum that is strong in blue-violet light.
  • An In-based metal halide which is a luminescent substance that emits light, is enclosed in a single-tube luminous tube, and a T1-based metal halide that emits a strong green-line spectrum light is contained in a single-tube arc tube.
  • Each 1 m3 of the tube is filled with a Na-based metal halide that emits light of a strong yellow-red line spectrum.
  • the single tube arc tube 1 m2 in which In is sealed is the single tube arc tube on both sides. Since heat is applied from 1 ml and 1 m3 to keep the temperature high, the effect of expanding the dimmable range of the single-tube arc tube 1 m2 containing In, which has a narrow dimming range, becomes remarkable. In this case, the same effect can be obtained by using the arc tube 1N shown in FIG. 8 instead of the arc tube 1M.
  • the arc tube 1M has the following physical properties.
  • Linear transmittance for visible light (wavelength 380 to 760 nm): 70% or more
  • a sample (a shape and thickness, etc., according to JIS R 1601) separately prepared as a substitute for the arc tube 1M of the present embodiment was used.
  • the boar conditions in the above three steps were followed.
  • the particle size was calculated in such a way that the shape, thickness, etc., conformed to JISR 1601. (3) The surface of the sample was wrapped with diamond abrasive grains, and then the grain boundaries were melted with lithium hydroxide. After etching, the surface of the sample was observed with a scanning electron microscope and image analysis of the contours of the Yuihata particles was performed. In the image analysis, the spherical particles were assumed to be spherical or polygonal, and the maximum value of the diameter and the distance between the vertices was used for calculating the particle diameter.
  • Fig. 7 shows the particle size distribution calculated assuming that the crystal particles are spherical.
  • the linear transmittance was measured using a double-beam spectrophotometer after rubbing both sides of the separately prepared sample with a thickness of 0.5 mm.
  • this 1M arc tube is made of alumina with a fine grain size rather than the conventional translucent alumina whose crystal grains are coarsened by sintering with a sintering aid such as MgO. Despite this fact, the grounds for excellent translucency are considered as follows.
  • the alumina before sintering contains only a very small amount of impurities (up to a maximum of 0.01 mo 1% in total), all the impurities dissolve in alumina and form a spinel phase. Almost no grain boundary phase is formed. For this reason, it works as a light scattering factor. It is considered that the effect of the grain boundary phase used is eliminated, and the linear transmittance for visible light is improved.
  • n calculated from this relational expression can be converted to a crystallite interface included in a cross section of one crystal grain.
  • the lattice constants of various translucent aluminas obtained from high-purity alumina were determined using an X-ray diffractometer, and the crystallite diameter was calculated. According to S cherrer's equation relating d to the width of the diffraction line, the crystallite diameter d of the translucent alumina of each of the above average particle diameters was calculated from the diffraction peak of (0 1 2). d was constant without being affected by the size of the Yuchang particle. The formula of S cherrer is described in II.
  • the scattering is thought to occur on a discontinuous surface of the refractive index, that is, a discontinuous portion of the atomic arrangement.
  • the crystallite interface in the crystal particle is nothing but a discontinuity in this atomic arrangement, causing light scattering. Therefore, the smaller the number of crystallite interfaces in the crystal particles, that is, the smaller the diameter D of the crystal particles, the smaller the influence of the crystallite interface, which is a light scattering factor, and the lower the linear transmittance of visible light. It is thought to bring improvement.
  • this arc tube 1L is used for a variable color lamp, in addition to the effects of expanding the dimmable range and shortening the lamp lighting time in the second embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
  • the unevenness was eliminated around the arc tube 1 L, and the horizontal cross-sectional shape of the arc tube was made to be a rounded triangle. For this reason, since there is no constricted part around, there is an advantage that stress concentration due to shear stress generated at the time of sintering or lighting is unlikely to occur, and therefore, damage due to thermal stress is unlikely to occur. As a result, the life of the variable color lamp is prolonged.
  • the respective arc tubes integrated in parallel and in contact with each other are constituted by straight conduits.
  • the arc tubes 1R and 1S in which three arc tubes (single-tube arc tubes) each having a shape of a tube are connected in parallel by R contact and integrated can be housed in the outer tube.
  • the range in which light can be converted in the second embodiment can be expanded, the lamp lighting time can be shortened, and the effects described above can be obtained. It has the following effects. That is, the center position of light emission in the arc tubes 1R and 1S (the point where the luminous flux is the largest) is curved. Therefore, when stored in an outer tube, the center position of this light emission is on the leading side of the lamp, so that the variable color lamp can be made compact in the lighting direction.
  • a mating type as shown in FIG. 9 is used.
  • This mating die is composed of an upper die 50 and a lower die 51 which are divided into upper and lower parts, and a slide die 52 which is slidably arranged between these dies when they are joined. .
  • three semicircular grooves are formed along a locus joined together leaving a convex ridge at the center, so as to form a cavity corresponding to the outer shape of the arc tube 1R.
  • the cross section of each conduit is a polygon (quadrangle)
  • a combination type in which the shape of the groove of each type is square is used.
  • FIG. 11 (b) is a sectional view taken along the Y plane of FIG. 11 (a).
  • Step 1 1% O or more of aluminum fine powder (& sub-agglomerate), distilling solution binder such as organic binder ⁇ ⁇ sodium acrylate and soda, and defoaming agent such as octanol It is blended with water, and this is wet-mixed for about 24 hours in a plastic (Nylon) pole mill to dissolve excess coagulation and prepare a slurry in which alumina is uniformly present in the above solvent.
  • the mixing ratio (weight ratio) of the organic binder to the alumina fine powder is as follows with respect to the alumina fine powder lO Og.
  • step 2 air bubbles are removed from the prepared slurry (step 2). Specifically, the slurry taken out of the ball mill is put into a resin container in a vacuum desiccator, and the slurry in the resin container is stirred using a magnet, putoss, and the like to remove air from the desiccator. Suction with an empty pump for several minutes (for example, about 5 minutes).
  • the molded body shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and (b) is molded using the mating die 60 shown in FIG. 13 (a).
  • a combined type including an upper die 50, a lower die 51, and a slide die 52 is used.
  • the mating mold 60 is made of a left-right symmetric mold 61a, 61b formed of a porous inorganic material such as stone growing or a porous resin having pores having the same function as gypsum. As shown in Figure (a), it is configured by joining, and a slurry injection space 63 is formed on the joining surface of the molds 61a and 61b.
  • each mold 61a, 61b has a groove (cavity) 63a, 63b at its joint surface 65a, 65b at the lower end of the mold. b.
  • These grooves 63a, 3b are provided at the center with ridges 64a, slightly lower than the joining surfaces 65a, 65b.
  • the slurry from which air bubbles have been removed in step 2 is injected into the slurry injection space 63 of the mating die 60, and the slurry is released for a predetermined time (step 3).
  • the slurry injection as shown in FIG. 14, the slurry is poured into a cylindrical body 67 installed on the upper surface of the mating die 60.
  • the slurry larger than the slurry injection space 63 is injected into the cylindrical body 67.
  • the lower surface of the cylindrical body 67 and the upper surface of the mating mold 60 are sealed by rearranging the clay 69 at the lower end of the cylindrical body 67. Rubber may be used instead of clay.
  • the standing time after the slurry injection determines the thickness of the alumina layer SA, that is, the inner diameter of the molded body. For this reason, the above-mentioned leaving time is determined in advance by experiments or the like so that the inner diameter of the formed alumina layer SA becomes a predetermined value.
  • the setting of the leaving time and the size of the mold is determined in consideration of the physical contraction during sintering.
  • the leaving time in this case is set so that the inner diameter of the alumina layer S A is about 4.82 mm and the filling rate is about 58%, and is 3 minutes or less.
  • the outer diameter of the aluminum eyebrow S A is determined by the slurry injection space 63 and is about 5.54 mm.
  • step 4 slurry remaining inside the cylindrical body 67 and inside the alumina layer SA is discharged (step 4). Thereafter, the mating mold 60 is divided, and the molded body of the arc tube 1A having the shape shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and (b) is released, and the solvent is completely removed from the molded body. The molded body is dried until it is completely removed (Step 5).
  • the formed body is subjected to a heat treatment at a predetermined sintering temperature of 1,200 to 1,300 ° C. in the atmosphere, for example, about 1235, for about 4 hours, thereby sintering the formed body (step 6).
  • a predetermined sintering temperature of 1,200 to 1,300 ° C. in the atmosphere, for example, about 1235, for about 4 hours, thereby sintering the formed body (step 6).
  • the temperature was raised at 100 ° cz time.
  • the volumetric shrinkage is about 83% of the green body before sintering, and the desired dimensions are obtained.
  • the filling rate is almost 100% (bulk density 3.976).
  • the sintering was performed at a temperature in the range of 1,200 to 1,300, so that the density after sintering was set to 95% or more of the theoretical density and the hot isostatic pressing in the subsequent process was performed. This is to avoid the formation of coarse crystals in the sintered body. In other words, if the above sintering is performed at 1200 or less, the density after sintering is less than 95% of the theoretical density and hot isostatic pressing is not applied. This is because the frequency of crystal formation increases, which is disadvantageous in strength.
  • the sintered body is subjected to a hot isostatic press under the following conditions in an atmosphere of argon or in an atmosphere of argon containing 20 V o 1% or less (step 7). At this time, the temperature was raised at 200 times / hour. In this way, the desired translucency is developed in the sintered body after the step 6, and the arc tube 1A of translucent aluminum is obtained.
  • the hot isostatic pressing was performed by embedding the sintered body in sapphire beads (particle diameter 2 mm) and titanium sponge.
  • Processing pressure 1 000 to 2000 atm (optimum pressure 1000 atm) Processing time 1 to 4 hours (optimal processing 2 hours)
  • the hot isostatic pressing is performed in the above temperature range and pressure range because the desired high translucency is obtained, the mechanical strength is improved, and the hot isostatic pressing is applied. This is to avoid damage during the process.
  • hot isostatic pressing is performed at less than 1200 ° C or less than 1 000 atm, translucency is exhibited but only low translucency is obtained, or conversely, abnormal grain growth occurs when the temperature exceeds 125 O'C. If it exceeds 2,000 atm, stress concentration will occur in places where there are flaws even if the pores and flaws in the sintered body are extremely fine. This is because a wake-up crack occurs.
  • the manufactured arc tube 1A has an inner diameter of about 4.0 mm, a wall thickness of about 0.3 mm, and a height from the opening to the bent portion of about 20 mm. In other words, the pipeline length is about 40mm.
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the aluminum arc tube 1A obtained in this way were brushed with diamond abrasive grains having a particle size of 0.5 m to a thickness of 0.2 mm or less. Grind and polish as necessary (Step 8). By this surface treatment, irregularities and the like on the arc tube surface are removed, scattering of light on the surface is avoided, and transmittance is improved. Grinding and polishing to a thickness of up to about 0.05mm will not hinder use.
  • the arc tube 1A thus produced that is, the arc tubes 1R and 1S, has the same linear transmittance and the average particle diameter of the crystal particles as those of the arc tube 1M in the second embodiment described above.
  • the mechanical strength of about 80% of the arc tube 1M is arrogant.
  • variable color lamp of the present invention described above is useful as a lamp for indoor and outdoor lighting, a lamp for consumer use such as an irradiation lamp for display items in stores and the like, and a lamp for neon sign. is there.

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à une lampe à couleur variable dont on peut faire varier la chromaticité de la lumière diffusée. Cette lampe à couleur variable (1) comprend des premier, deuxième et troisième tubes à arc (3, 4 et 5), constitués chacun par un tube à halogène-métal, placé dans un tube extérieur (2). Des électrodes principales, enfermées dans les tubes à arc respectifs, sont connectées à un circuit de commande d'alimentation (20). Le premier tube à arc (3), dans lequel est scellé de l'halogénure d'indium, émet une lumière ayant un puissant spectre de lignes dans le violet bleuâtre. Le second tube à arc (4), dans lequel est enfermé de l'halogénure de thallium, émet une lumière ayant un puissant spectre de lignes dans le vert. Le troisième tube à arc (5), dans lequel est enfermé de l'halogénure de sodium, émet une lumière ayant un puissant spectre de lignes dans le rouge jaunâtre. On peut ajuster la couleur de la lumière diffusée par la lampe sur n'importe quelle couleur de presque toute la gamme des rayonnements visibles sur un diagramme de chromaticité x-y, en modifiant les intensités lumineuses relatives des tubes à arc respectifs par l'intermédiaire du circuit de commande d'alimentation, etc.
PCT/JP1991/000962 1990-07-18 1991-07-18 Lampe a couleur variable WO1992002035A1 (fr)

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KR1019920700587A KR920702542A (ko) 1990-07-18 1991-07-18 변색 램프

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JP19181590 1990-07-18
JP2/191815 1990-07-18

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WO1992002035A1 true WO1992002035A1 (fr) 1992-02-06

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KR (1) KR920702542A (fr)
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EP0574993A1 (fr) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-22 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Luminaire à température de couleur réglable
DE4312744A1 (de) * 1993-04-20 1994-12-22 Kuemmerling Andreas Strangförmige Mehrkammerglasprofile

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JPH0676961A (ja) * 1992-08-26 1994-03-18 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 可変色照明装置
EP1610593B2 (fr) 1999-11-18 2020-02-19 Signify North America Corporation Génération de lumière blanche avec des diodes électroluminescentes de spectres différents
DE10145648B4 (de) * 2001-09-15 2006-08-24 Arccure Technologies Gmbh Bestrahlungsvorrichtung mit veränderlichem Spektrum
CN100382228C (zh) * 2003-09-22 2008-04-16 松下电器产业株式会社 金属卤灯
DE102004051395A1 (de) 2004-10-21 2006-04-27 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Hocheffizienter stabiler Oxinitrid-Leuchtstoff
CN1809242B (zh) * 2005-01-19 2011-01-12 杨东亮 彩色光源的数字合成方法及其控制系统
US7825822B2 (en) 2005-04-01 2010-11-02 Cepia, Llc System and method for extracting and conveying modulated AC signal information
US7520633B2 (en) 2005-04-01 2009-04-21 Cepia, Llc Lighting and display apparatus
WO2007000723A2 (fr) * 2005-06-29 2007-01-04 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Lampe a decharge basse pression comprenant un radiateur moleculaire et un additif
US8282986B2 (en) 2006-05-18 2012-10-09 Osram Sylvania, Inc. Method of applying phosphor coatings
ES2289957B1 (es) * 2007-02-07 2008-12-01 Universidad Complutense De Madrid Fuente de iluminacion con emision reducida de longitudes de onda corta para la proteccion de ojos.

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EP0574993A1 (fr) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-22 Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. Luminaire à température de couleur réglable
DE4312744A1 (de) * 1993-04-20 1994-12-22 Kuemmerling Andreas Strangförmige Mehrkammerglasprofile

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EP0494310A4 (en) 1992-11-19
CA2066604A1 (fr) 1992-01-19
EP0494310A1 (fr) 1992-07-15
KR920702542A (ko) 1992-09-04

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