WO1991019139A1 - Verfahren zur nutzung von energiepotentialen, insbesondere mit kleinen temperaturdifferenzen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur nutzung von energiepotentialen, insbesondere mit kleinen temperaturdifferenzen Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991019139A1
WO1991019139A1 PCT/EP1991/000995 EP9100995W WO9119139A1 WO 1991019139 A1 WO1991019139 A1 WO 1991019139A1 EP 9100995 W EP9100995 W EP 9100995W WO 9119139 A1 WO9119139 A1 WO 9119139A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
water
electrical
processes
potentials
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1991/000995
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bodo Wolf
Burkhard MÖLLER
Detlef Hamann
Heinrich Oppermann
Gunter Gerbeth
Original Assignee
Uet Umwelt- Und Energietechnik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uet Umwelt- Und Energietechnik Gmbh filed Critical Uet Umwelt- Und Energietechnik Gmbh
Priority to CA002084202A priority Critical patent/CA2084202A1/en
Publication of WO1991019139A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991019139A1/de
Priority to NO92924538A priority patent/NO924538L/no

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
    • F03G7/05—Ocean thermal energy conversion, i.e. OTEC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F24V50/00—Use of heat from natural sources, e.g. from the sea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/006—Heat storage systems not otherwise provided for
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for using energy potentials with small temperature differences or mechanical energy potentials, in particular environmental energy sources, such as opposing ocean currents with different temperature levels or ocean currents and atmosphere that are natural, or secondary and environmental energy sources that result from industrial processes in energy conversion and application arise.
  • environmental energy sources such as opposing ocean currents with different temperature levels or ocean currents and atmosphere that are natural, or secondary and environmental energy sources that result from industrial processes in energy conversion and application arise.
  • One of the oldest forms of energy supply is the use of solar energy directly and indirectly through the use of hydropower to perform technical work.
  • the power of solar radiation reaching the earth is determined by
  • OEC optical-energy conversion technology
  • this technology could be used to extract fresh water from sea water, operate cooling and air conditioning systems, and create additional fish farming waters.
  • thermodynamic cyclic processes are used that work open or closed to the environment. Open means that warmed by the sun
  • the closed systems use huge heat exchangers for the evaporation and condensation of the
  • Circular cycle tools required up to 20% of the
  • Open systems work with sea water and the steam obtained from it in a cyclic process. H. with natural products that cannot cause additional environmental pollution and with indirect cooling of the steam after the steam turbine, an open OTEC process can give off fresh water as a by-product. For this, open OTEC processes work with huge vapor-shaped volume flows. Currently there are no suitable engines for converting the thermal energy into technical work with great performance. Even with
  • / 1 / refers to the production of methanol, hydrogen, ammonia or refined metals.
  • the electrical energy obtained from sea heat is used for the electrolysis of water and
  • the aim of the invention is to make OTEC processes largely independent of location issues in their application, i. that is, it should make it possible to use natural temperature differences, which are productive but are locally far from the location of the energy requirement. About that.
  • the invention is intended to make a contribution to reducing the investment costs for OTEC processes, opening up ways of increasing the
  • OTEC processes can only be used for energy supply if the electrical energy generated is converted into usable chemical enthalpy, as is practiced in the case of the generation of hydrogen, methanol or ammonia.
  • the invention assumes that the use of natural by using OTEC processes
  • Reduction with hydrogen can be obtained from their oxides can, so that their use as an energy source when using the enthalpy difference of their Red / Ox cycles does not achieve the required economy.
  • the object is achieved in that the electrical energy obtained with the aid of the OTEC processes is used for the electrolysis of water and metal oxides, the products of these electrolysis processes, hydrogen and metals, are chemically bonded to metal hydrides which are used as energy carriers, ie. i.e., synthetic fuels are burned at the location of the energy requirement for electrical energy and / or thermal energy in fuel cells or for thermal energy by chemical reaction in special combustion chambers with technical oxygen or air.
  • the water dam that is created in this way, if necessary, after or after using its working capacity at the location of the energy requirement to the environment
  • Salt solutions, liquid metals or metal alloys, solid electrical conductors as dust or granules, e.g. B. use carbon or metal dust or suspensions thereof, by the working fluid of the mechanical cycle is fluidized and thus driven.
  • the basic concept of the invention is to work only with natural, non-toxic substances. It is therefore furthermore according to the invention if carbon dioxide is used as the working medium in the cyclical process for the extraction of mechanical work. Ultimately, it is according to the invention to use water from warm rivers, ocean currents or thermal energy of the earth directly or indirectly for the evaporation of the working medium of the cycle process for mechanical work, while the condensation of this working medium by indirect
  • FIG. 1 The description of this exemplary embodiment includes FIG. 1, in which the process stages of the method according to the invention are shown in their combination.
  • the method according to the invention in this example is based on an open OTEC process of the prior art / 1 /.
  • the main equipment for designing the method according to the invention is shown and labeled in FIG. 1.
  • the warm surface water of the sea passes via the water turbine 22 into the vacuum chamber 1, in which it is sprayed, partially evaporates and cools down to the boiling temperature associated with the pressure in the vacuum chamber.
  • p 1 2.94 kPa
  • t 1 26.359 ° C
  • m 1 4.415 kg of water vapor, which have a volume of 205.5 m 3 .
  • Auxiliary motor 73 is formed, cold deep water is conveyed from the sea, sprayed in the vacuum chamber 5 and then pumped out of it again.
  • the motor 73 secures the
  • the cold deep water Before the cold deep water is sprayed into the vacuum chamber 5, it is passed through the cooling surfaces 51, on which part of the steam condenses.
  • the fresh water obtained in this way collects in the container 61, from which it is pumped via the fresh water production system 6 for the Usage is provided.
  • Fresh water can be obtained.
  • it is necessary to request the non-condensable constituents from the vacuum chamber 5 working as a mixing condenser. This is done with the help of the suction device 4.
  • the in an OTEC device is necessary to request the non-condensable constituents from the vacuum chamber 5 working as a mixing condenser. This is done with the help of the suction device 4.
  • the electrical energy obtained is generally alternating current, which must be converted into direct current in rectifier 33 before it is used for electrolysis.
  • thermodynamic systems Ca - H 2 - O 2 appear for the practical application of the solution according to the invention; Mg - H 2 - O 2 and Mg - AI - H 2 - O2 accordingly
  • synthetic fuels are metal hydrides which are burned with oxygen to form metal oxides and water.
  • this can be done in fuel cells with the release of electrical energy or in thermal processes with the release of thermal energy. A combination of these processes as shown in FIG. 1 is also conceivable.
  • thermodynamic system Mg-Al-H 2 -O 2 would need 138.7 t, i.e. around 140 t, synthetic fuel per hour and 230 t metal oxide and 115 t for its full-load operation Produce water per hour.
  • a lignite-fired power plant with the same output consumes 1200 to 1300 t of raw lignite per hour and produces 1100 to 1200 t of carbon dioxide, 120 to 150 t of ashes and 600 to 700 t of water per hour.
  • the sea water flows through a z. B. plate recuperator 2.1., Which is immersed in liquid CO 2 and brings it to a boil. If the sea water in the recuperator 2.1 is cooled from 5 to 2 ° C, 4000 m 3 of water can evaporate around 215 t of CO 2 . 215 t of CO 2 steam can generate electrical energy at an expansion from 3.49 MPa to 1.97 MPa in a saturated steam turbine plant 2.2 with a total efficiency of ⁇ Ts 0.825. With a cycle time in the closed cycle of 20 seconds, the CO 2 filling is one
  • Circular process plant according to Figure 2 around 1200 t, if it is to achieve an output of 1000 MW.
  • the relaxed CO 2 vapor condenses on the cooling surfaces, e.g. B. the plate recuperator 2.3., Which transfers the heat of condensation to cold air and z. B. warms up from -25 ° C to -21 ° C.
  • the internal consumption of the OTEC power plant of embodiment 2 should be 40%. If this power plant is used for the operation of the method according to the invention, then the power plant must be used at the location of the environmental energy
  • Power of around 3000 MW can be designed if 1000 MW of electrical energy is to be generated at the location of the energy requirement.
  • An ionized aqueous solution e.g. B. a saline solution. This is brought to a boil in the boiling column 3.1 by indirect transfer of heat energy from the sea water. of the cycle.
  • the resulting steam is in the vacuum chamber 3.2. condensed by indirect cooling with cold deep water, whereby the boiling pressure in the boiling column 3.1. is determined.
  • the ionized aqueous solution and the condensate of the steam flow through the MHD generator 3.3., Drive the circuit due to its higher density than the boiling solution, the ionized solution being induced in the magnetic field and correspondingly using the electrical poles of the MHD generator to generate electrical energy that from the Resulting difference in density. Relinquishes work capacity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Oceanography (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
PCT/EP1991/000995 1990-06-01 1991-05-29 Verfahren zur nutzung von energiepotentialen, insbesondere mit kleinen temperaturdifferenzen WO1991019139A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002084202A CA2084202A1 (en) 1990-06-01 1991-05-29 Process for using energy potentials, in particular with small temperature differences
NO92924538A NO924538L (no) 1990-06-01 1992-11-25 Fremgangsmaate til utnyttelse av energipotensialer, saerligmed smaa temperaturforskjeller

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4017684.3 1990-06-01
DE4017684A DE4017684A1 (de) 1990-06-01 1990-06-01 Verfahren zur nutzung von energiepotentialen, insbesondere mit kleinen temperaturdifferenzen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991019139A1 true WO1991019139A1 (de) 1991-12-12

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PCT/EP1991/000995 WO1991019139A1 (de) 1990-06-01 1991-05-29 Verfahren zur nutzung von energiepotentialen, insbesondere mit kleinen temperaturdifferenzen

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Country Link
AU (1) AU7972491A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CA (1) CA2084202A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE4017684A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
WO (1) WO1991019139A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7224080B2 (en) 2004-07-09 2007-05-29 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Subsea power supply

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4303914A1 (de) * 1992-03-16 1993-12-02 Bernd Heine Anlage mit magnetohydrodynamischen Generator auf der Basis flüssiger Ladungsträgerströme zur umfangreichen technischen und wirtschaftlichen Anwendung
DE4208313A1 (de) * 1992-03-16 1993-09-23 Bernd Heine Energieumwandlungsanlage mit magnetohydrodynamischen generator zur umwandlung von waermeenergie in elektrische energie
DE19714512C2 (de) * 1997-04-08 1999-06-10 Tassilo Dipl Ing Pflanz Maritime Kraftwerksanlage mit Herstellungsprozeß zur Gewinnung, Speicherung und zum Verbrauch von regenerativer Energie
JP2022542966A (ja) * 2019-07-31 2022-10-07 ジ アベル ファウンデーション， インコーポレイテッド 海底設立海洋熱エネルギー転換プラント

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US3312054A (en) * 1966-09-27 1967-04-04 James H Anderson Sea water power plant
FR2269039A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * 1974-04-26 1975-11-21 Chevalley Jean
GB1491680A (en) * 1975-01-21 1977-11-09 Barnard R Solar energy conversion using electrolysis
JPS54152610A (en) * 1978-05-24 1979-12-01 Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd Manufacture of metallic magnesium
US4187686A (en) * 1978-01-16 1980-02-12 Pommier Lorenzo A Power generator utilizing elevation-temperature differential
JPS5742501A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-03-10 Ensei Ko Method of storing renewable energy in the form of hydrogen compound
WO1990011249A1 (en) * 1989-03-29 1990-10-04 Institut Strukturnoi Makrokinetiki Akademii Nauk Sssr Method of obtaining complex oxides

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DE2641487B2 (de) * 1976-09-15 1980-04-30 Roger J. Dr. Stillwater Okla. Schoeppel Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Hydrid/Dehydrid-Reaktors
JPS60228201A (ja) * 1984-04-17 1985-11-13 大和製罐株式会社 塊粒食品の高速自動缶詰装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3312054A (en) * 1966-09-27 1967-04-04 James H Anderson Sea water power plant
FR2269039A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) * 1974-04-26 1975-11-21 Chevalley Jean
GB1491680A (en) * 1975-01-21 1977-11-09 Barnard R Solar energy conversion using electrolysis
US4187686A (en) * 1978-01-16 1980-02-12 Pommier Lorenzo A Power generator utilizing elevation-temperature differential
JPS54152610A (en) * 1978-05-24 1979-12-01 Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd Manufacture of metallic magnesium
JPS5742501A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-03-10 Ensei Ko Method of storing renewable energy in the form of hydrogen compound
WO1990011249A1 (en) * 1989-03-29 1990-10-04 Institut Strukturnoi Makrokinetiki Akademii Nauk Sssr Method of obtaining complex oxides

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Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Band 92, Nr. 12, 1981, Seite 484, linke Spalte, Zusammenfassung Nr. 101486t, (Columbus, Ohio, US), & JP,A,79152610 (SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD) 1 Dezember 1979, siehe die Zusammenfassung *
G. MILAZZO: "Electrochemistry", 1963, Elsevier Publishing Co., (New York, NY, US), siehe Seiten 601-608 *
GENIE CHIMIQUE, Band 8, Nr. 2, 31. August 1964, (Rueil-Malmaison, FR), Th. TANGEN: "Production électrolytique du magnésium", Seiten 127-134, siehe Seite 127, linke Spalte, Zeilen 1-5 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN (C-110), 25. Juni 1982, & JP,A,57042501 (KO ENSEI) 10. März 1982, siehe die Zusammenfassung *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7224080B2 (en) 2004-07-09 2007-05-29 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Subsea power supply
GB2415975B (en) * 2004-07-09 2007-10-10 Schlumberger Holdings Subsea power supply

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2084202A1 (en) 1991-12-02
DE4017684A1 (de) 1991-12-05
AU7972491A (en) 1991-12-31
DE4017684C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1993-03-11

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