Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
  • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
  • E05D15/48—Suspension arrangements for wings allowing alternative movements
  • E05D15/50—Suspension arrangements for wings allowing alternative movements for opening at either of two opposite edges
  • E05D15/505—Suspension arrangements for wings allowing alternative movements for opening at either of two opposite edges by radial separation of the hinge parts at the hinge axis
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
  • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
  • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
  • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

• Hinge construction for one wing optionally rotatable about two swivel axes.
• the invention relates to a hinge construction for the pivotable connection of a movable part (for example a flat locking part such as a door, cover or the like, or for example a folding bracket) with an essentially stationary part with a pivot axis defining the movable part Axle arrangement and a mirror mechanism with a bolt extension and a receiving part receiving this bolt extension in an engagement position.
• a movable part for example a flat locking part such as a door, cover or the like, or for example a folding bracket
• the invention also relates to a piece of furniture, a component or the like, with at least one movable part and at least one part which is arranged in a fixed position relative to the movable part, each fixed part being connected to at least one movable part by a hinge construction according to the invention is.
• the invention is based on the object of providing a simplified installation possibility whereby a door or another movable part can be quickly connected to the associated hinge construction or solved in advance, and the further object, the relevant part, at least two assign different swivel axes around which it can be rotated or swiveled.
• the axis arrangement (5,7; 105,107; 305,307; 405,207) itself is constructed as a locking mechanism (8,15,16; 42-50, 116; 60), the locking mechanism being at least partially rotationally symmetrical axis part (5; 105; 205; 305; 405) is formed, which can be brought into a release position by means of the locking mechanism (8, 15, 16; 42-50, 116; 60) for releasing the pivot connection.
• a securing device (19-26; 55-57, 124, 125) is provided to prevent unintentional loosening during at least part of the angle of the pivoting of the movable part (10).
• the closure part can therefore be detached or reassembled at any time without the risk that this would happen unintentionally.
• the securing device can be designed differently, for example in the form of a bolt which holds an axle stub engaging in a hinge pin in this position.
• an axle stub can be inserted into an elongated opening in the jacket wall of a sleeve forming the bearing for the axle stub, whereupon the opening can be locked by a closing part, or the sleeve can be rotated so that its The opening is closed by a neighboring wall.
• the securing device has a rog guide, in particular a circular arc guide, with which a cam follower part can be brought into contact with the movable part by opening the movable part about the pivot axis assigned to the curved guide, and * preferably in the pivoting position of the movable part
• the sheet guide has a groove which receives the cam follower part, the bottom surface of which preferably lies opposite the end face of the cam follower part even when the movable part is in the swiveled position Backup at - 3-
• Intervention with the cam follower prevents the door from being lifted by burglars.
• the simplest and most reliable form of operation is a circular arc guide, although the possibility of guiding along other curves (parabolas, hyperbolas, ellipses, etc.) will also be discussed later with reference to FIG. 10.
• the arch guide is expediently designed so long that it allows a pivoting movement of the movable part by 90 degrees so as not to impair freedom of movement, but on the other hand not to have to carry out the arch guide too large and still maintain the securing effect , it is advantageous if a stop surface which can be brought into abutment with a counter stop is provided to limit the pivoting of the movable part, and if this stop surface - as seen from the pivot axis - is preferably arranged outside the curved guide. Without such a limit stop, the sheet guide would probably have to be larger, or one would have to accept that the cam follower disengages from the sheet guide and then the securing effect is lost.
• the stop surface can be formed on the sheet guide or the cam follower itself, e-s - with regard to the forces to be absorbed - is more favorable if the stop surface lies on a larger radius in order to be able to withstand greater torques.
• the design according to the invention described above enables an astonishing further development, which consists in that the movable part has at least two axis arrangements each with at least one locking mechanism and possibly also a securing device - 4-
• pivot axes for at least two mutually parallel pivot axes are assigned, the movable part being optionally rotatable about one or the other pivot axis.
• the movable part is optionally rotatable about one or the other pivot axis.
• two pivot axes are arranged in the area of two mutually opposite boundary edges of the movable part, although for certain applications the pivot axes can also be provided somewhere in between.
• the axis part of the locking mechanism is expediently spring-loaded in the manner of a snap lock in the direction of the recess.
• FIG. 2 is a side view of the box-side design according to line II-II of FIG. 1; 3 shows a corresponding view rotated by 180 degrees according to arrow III in FIG. 1; and Figures 4 and 5 are sections along lines IV-IV and V-V of Figure 3;
• FIGS. 6 and - 5- the representation of FIGS. 6 and - 5-
• FIG. 7 roughly correspond to FIGS. 2 and 3, but FIG. 7 illustrates a view corresponding to FIG. 3, partly in section, while FIG. 8 is a plan view of the construction according to FIG. 7, the parts interacting therewith from FIG. 6 dash-dotted lines are indicated;
• FIG. 11 an elevation from the inside and FIGS. 12 and 13 each showing a plan view of a detail of a locking mechanism.
• a door 10 for closing a box of which only a piece of the floor board 12 is shown, has a pivot axis 4, 104 in the region of two mutually opposite edges 13, 14.
• Each pivot axis 4 or 104 has one at each of its two ends Similar hinge construction, which are arranged on the upper or lower side of the door 10. It is advisable to use the same parts for all four parts of the hinge constructions, although it would also be possible to provide different hinge constructions on the underside than on the top, for example those as will be described later with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8 . It is also understood that the pivot axes 4, 104 can, if necessary, run horizontally instead of vertically, i.e. e.g. in the area of the upper and lower edge of the door, or that one of them or an additional pivot axis can be arranged in the middle of the door 10 if this were desired for any reason.
• Each hinge construction consists at the top and bottom of a box-side fitting 2 and a door-side fitting 1, which can be brought into engagement with one another and - 6-
• these fittings. 1, 2 largely interchangeable, i.e. details of these fittings, which are provided on the door 10 or the box 12, can also be arranged vice versa on the box or the door.
• one or both parts of the hinge construction need not necessarily be formed separately, but can be formed in one piece with the door or the box, for example on a lid made of plastic or metal for a box or for a box suitcase-like container.
• FIG. 1 An essential part of the hinge construction shown is a locking mechanism for releasing the door 10 from the axle arrangement, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is essentially given by a bolt-like axle stub 5.
• FIG. 1 only the lower right axle stub 5 can be seen, whereas details from FIG. 2 can be seen in a side view.
• the stub axle 5 on the the door fitting 1 is provided (Fig. 3) facing side with a rounded area 6, which falls from a culmination of sentlichen in we ⁇ 'in all directions, ie, in the specific case is it around a spherical surface or a spherical surface 6.
• This spherical surface 6 facilitates the detachment of the door 10 from the stub axle 5 or the new connection of these two parts and can of course also be formed by a raster-like ball loaded by a spring be.
• the axle stub 5 is in the connected state with the door fitting 1 in a recess 7 (see. Fig. 1, 3, 5).
• the stub axle 5 is loaded by a spring of any design, preferably a leaf spring 8 (see FIG. 2), because this enables a flat design. - 7-
• the spring 8 which forms part of the release mechanism * , loads the stub axle 5 against the interior of the recess 7, but on the other hand also enables the stub shaft 5 to be pulled out of this recess 7 connected by having fork arms 9 at their free end which engage in a neck groove 11 of the stub axle 5 in order to hold it captive.
• This neck groove 11 of course preferably has a slightly greater axial extension than the thickness of the fork arms 9 is so as to ensure free mobility when loosening and reassembling the door 10.
• the stub axle 5 which is of course just opposite on the opposite side of the door 10, slides when inserting the door 10 into the box or when loosening within a hole guide 15, which does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, as can be seen from the Pin 5 and the contour of the hole guide 15 is shown in Fig. 2.
• a hole guide 15 which does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, as can be seen from the Pin 5 and the contour of the hole guide 15 is shown in Fig. 2.
• an inlet slope 16 leading to this recess 7 is expediently provided.
• This run-in slope 16 takes up the surface 6 of the axle stub 5 with its end facing away from the recess 7, widened and recessed, guides the pin 5 with the spring 8 raised against the recess, so that when the door 10 is inserted after catching the surface 6 is given a safe orientation aid by the inlet slope 16 and finally allows the stub axle 5 to drop into the recess 7.
• the inlet slope 16 and the recess 7 are expediently provided on a somewhat raised cylinder part 17 which, according to FIG. 1, deviates slightly from the circular cylinder shape, but is in principle (and preferably) designed as a circular cylinder. It can be cheap. - 8th-
• the cylinder part 17 can be inserted into a recess 18 of the fitting 2 on the box side, which represents a further orientation aid when inserting the door 10 into the hinge construction, but also has an additional function in connection with securing the door in the inserted state, as explained below ⁇ tert.
• the orientation function can also be performed by a reverse arrangement, in that the projecting cylinder part is provided on the fitting 2 on the box and a corresponding cylinder recess is provided on the fitting 1 on the door.
• a further essential part of the hinge construction 1, 2 is in fact provided by a securing device which, despite the easy releasability with the aid of the locking mechanism 5 - 9, 15, prevents the door 10 from unintentionally detaching from the axle construction 5, 7, for example after their swinging open under the effect of their own weight. It should be pointed out here that precisely when such a hinge construction is used on house or room doors, the door leaves can have a not inconsiderable weight, which is why the safety device is all the more important the heavier the respective locking device or door leaf is.
• the securing device can be designed in very different ways, as will become clear later with reference to the description of FIG. 9, one is preferably provided which does not require any special handling in order to achieve the securing effect. According to - 9-
• such a preferred embodiment forms the cylinder part 17 with its facing the box Zylin ⁇ der Vietnamese Structure 19 is a circular arc guide in cooperation with a zylinderfl surface at a radial distance from it lying inside * 10 to a sheet wall 21st
• the arched wall 21 is connected to the cylinder part 17 via a base 22, which, however, preferably concerns the Cylinder surface 19 extends over 180 degrees and thus offers the desired relief when inserting the door (as will be explained below), although it would be sufficient for securing the stability of the arch wall 21 to let the floor run only up to the end of this arch wall 21 .
• the bottom 22 with its inner surface 23 together with the surfaces 19 and 20 forms an approximately U-shaped groove, into which an appropriately also curved projection 24 of the fitting 2 on the box side projects as a cam follower.
• the projection 24 could, however, also be designed in the form of a pin, but the arc shape offers greater strength.
• the projection 24 ⁇ with the door closed 10 is located outside of the surfaces 19, 20 and 22 formed groove 25, so it that opening the door 10 is not hindered. However, if the door 10 is opened, the projection 24 enters the groove 25 and thereby prevents the door 10 from being unintentionally torn from its releasable axis arrangement 5, 7.
• the free surface or end face 26 of the protrusion 24, even when the door 10 is closed is opposite the base surface 23 of the base 22 which extends beyond the end of the arch wall 21 and extends over approximately 180 degrees , so that no bumping or bumping can occur when entering the groove 25. End face 26 and bottom surface 23 are therefore always opposite one another.
• the projection 24 has entered the groove 25 and the door 10 is subsequently pivoted further, the front surface of the projection 24 would meet the end surface 27 of the groove 25 (see FIG. 4). A limit stop for the pivoting movement of the door 10 could thereby be achieved.
• the projection 24 since the projection 24 is relatively close to the pivot axis 4 or 104, it should be able to absorb a relatively large torque. It is therefore more favorable to provide a separate construction for this purpose, which is somewhat further radially outward with respect to the pivot axis 4 or 104.
• This construction which lies radially further outwards, has a stop projection 28, the stop surface 29 of which - 1 1 -
• a counter stop 30 at the end of the pivoting movement of the door 10 is opposite, as is indicated by dash-dotted lines on the left side of FIG. 1.
• the projection is protected from any load and can therefore be dimensioned relatively weak, which may also reduce the space requirement for the entire securing device 19-26.
• the stop projection 28 preferably also fulfills another function as a centering device. Since the axis arrangement 5, 7 is designed to be detachable, certain tolerances or play are inevitable, so that closing the door could possibly encounter increased resistance, in order to obtain centering when the door 10 is closed at the same time, In the area of at least one boundary edge 13, 14 on the closure part 10 and / or on the stationary part 12 there is at least one centering surface 31 or 32 which runs obliquely to the pivoting direction of the door 10.
• the centering surface 31 is on the surface facing the box-side fitting 2, i.e. based on the axial extent of the axis 4 or 104 outside, provided on the projection 28, the centering surface 32 on the surface of the fitting 2 opposite the projection 28, thus facing inwards.
• the door 10 has two hinge constructions above and below for each of the pivot axes 4 and 104. Accordingly, four pairs of fittings 1, 2 are provided. Since the safety device 19-26 only - 1 2-
• both axle arrangements 5, 7 become detached and the door can be removed without further ado, which may, for example, make it easier for the housewife to clean the inside of the box and do some other work.
• the door 10 can then be easily reinserted, the projections 17 and. the recesses 18 and the centering surfaces 31, 32, but finally also the run-in slope 16 for the stub axle 5 serve as orientation and centering aids.
• these advantages also result if only a single pivot axis 4 . or 104 should be provided.
• fittings 1 and 2 are particularly suitable for series furniture where a short assembly time is important, or for prefabricated built-in furniture or for self-assembly furniture sets, for the assembly of which one must expect inexperienced forces.
• the securing device 19 - 26 with its interlocking parts in the case of house or apartment doors also ensures protection against unhooking by burglars, since yes the sheet guide, for example, lies opposite the end face 26 of the projection with its face 23 and thus prevents displacement in the axial direction. This is a further advantage of the bottom 22, which extends around the surface 19 beyond 180 degrees.
• FIG. 6 shows a further fitting 102 as a modification to FIG. 2, to which a fitting 101 according to FIG. 7 (as a variant to FIG. 3) is located.
• a fitting 101 according to FIG. 7 (as a variant to FIG. 3) is located.
• both the one and the other fitting 1 or 2 or 101 or 102 both on the door side or cover side and on the side of the respective stationary part, such as box, door frame, but also suitcase (being "stationary” relative to understand) can be arranged.
• a flat fitting as represented by fitting 102, is preferably arranged on the fixed part, fitting 101 on the door side.
• Box or a box results. It is particularly useful for this that the assembly can be carried out very easily and quickly due to the release mechanism, so that even an inexperienced person can quickly attach a door.
• the stub axle 105 has an approximately conical head with a conical surface 106 falling away from a culmination point on all sides, and a shaft 111 which, practically analogous to the neck groove 11 in FIG. 2, represents the area in which a tongue 108 attacks.
• the spring 108 is a helical spring, and it can be seen that there is a larger space requirement for this than in the case of a leaf spring 8 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, but this plays less role in a door-side fitting.
• the spring 108 is supported on the one hand on the head having the conical surface 106 and on the other hand on one - 1 5-
• Screw nipple 36 which is screwed into a guide sleeve 37 and, in addition to the hole 115 corresponding to the hole guide 15 (FIG. 2), also has a slot opening 38 for attaching a screwdriver.
• a pin 42 engages in the neck groove 1 of the axle stub 5 at the free end of the arm 43 of an angle lever 43, 44 which is rotatable about an axis 45 fastened to the box part 2.
• the arm 44 of the angle lever 43, 44 is connected via a slot 46 to a connecting pin 47 on a sensor 48, which is displaceably guided in a guide housing 49 against the pressure of a spring 50.
• This spring 50 is supported at one end on the arm 44 and at the other end on the snap cover 51 of the housing 49.
• connection "between the angle lever 43, 44, the sensor 48 and the axle stub 5 does not necessarily have to be rigid, but that, for example, the pin 42 can be relatively long and possibly also flexible, in which of the latter the case of oblique elastic Achss.tummel 5 over the surface of Einlauf ⁇ can glide 116 n.. A long pin 42 but may be favorable also for constructional reasons, to the sensor - 1 6-
• the axle stub can also be constructed in two parts, the two parts either being telescopically guided into one another under the pressure of a spring, or the one part consisting from a surface 6 having a ball loaded by a spring inside the stub axle 5.
• the stub axle 5 lowers through the clockwise pivoting angle lever 43, 44 and slides over the inclined inlet slope 116 - in comparison to the embodiment according to the previous figures - into the recess 7.
• the recess 7 should preferably be even deeper than shown, the stub axle 5 then receiving the suspension discussed above.
• the securing device is not shown and can be designed as desired, for example in accordance with the previous figures.
• the stub axle has a further neck groove above the neck groove 11, into which a locking bolt on the top of the box part 12 can engage when the stub shaft 5 moves from the position shown in FIG the recess 7 is lowered.
• This bolt can be displaceable with the aid of a handle for locking and releasing, but it can also be acted upon by a spring for locking. It is also conceivable for such a bolt to cooperate with the neck groove 11 on the side of the neck groove 11 opposite the pin 42, the bolt then being housed within the body of the box part 12. It would also be possible.
• the axis arrangement does not in principle exclude the use of constructions such as are common in furniture construction, the respective door 10 rotating about two pivot axes and thus obtaining a predetermined, desired movement characteristic.
• the form-fitting curved guide 19 - 26 according to FIGS. 1 to 8 is preferred, but the invention is in no way limited to this.
• a box wall 112 is provided which is aligned with the door 10 in the open position.
• a fitting 52 is conventionally provided, on which a first pivot axis 205 supports a lever 53.
• This lever 53 is under the tension of a spring 54, which is only indicated.
• the free end of the lever 53 comprises a pivot pin 305 which is firmly installed in a recess in the door 10.
• axle arrangement 52 - 54, " 205 and 305 corresponds to the known design.
• connection between the free end of the lever 53 and the pivot axis 305 is designed as a snap connection, so that the latter can be easily detached from the lever 53.
• This Training thus represents the release mechanism. - 18-
• the leaf spring 56 is at the free end of the sheet guide part 57, whose guide curve 125 no longer corresponds to a circular arc due to the special movement characteristics of the pivoting movement of the door 10 when pivoting about the axes 205 and 305, provided that both axes come into effect simultaneously, as is the case with this construction of the On the other hand, constructions are conceivable in which the swiveling takes place one after the other about the one and then about the other swiveling axis, in which case there is a circular arc guidance with two adjoining circular arcs with a different radius corresponding to the two axes.
• angular stub axles that are guided in a non-rotatable manner are also possible, for example, which then only have one have a single inclined surface or are only designed as a truncated cone.
• the release mechanism is expediently not designed in such a way that the door 10 can be released from its axis arrangement 5, 7 by a simple pull or push, but rather a solution will be used, as is shown in FIG 9, but with the difference that the angle lever 43, 44 is not positively actuated by a sensor 48, but rather by a linkage, not shown, connected to the arm 43, for example from the inside of the house, only unlocked when needed.
• hinge construction according to the invention is not restricted to use in the case of closure parts. It comes in an analogous manner with other folding mechanisms, e.g. Consoles, to carry.
• the upright, stationary part 112 is in this case of a box - 20-
• This door 10 has, in the area of each of its two lateral boundary edges 13, 14, a door lock 60 which can be locked from the outside in the usual way by means of a key which can be inserted into a keyhole 61.
• a locking bar 405 is either in the usual way either away from the lock 60, i.e. from the position on the left side of the door 10 into that on the right side of the door 10 (referring to FIG. 11), in which the locking bars 405 engage in corresponding recesses 207.
• the locking bars 405 are approximately rectangular in cross-section according to the prior art, in the embodiment according to FIG. 11 they should be designed as bodies of revolution, preferably circular in cross-section. If, therefore, the right bolt 405 engages in the associated recesses 207 at the top and bottom and the left bolt 405 is opened, as shown, the door 10 can be pivoted about the right bolt 405 as an axis. If, on the other hand, the left bolt 405 is in engagement with the recesses 207 on its top and bottom and the right bolt 405 is open, the left bolt serves as the pivot axis. In the event that both bolts 405 (left and right are in the engaged position), the door 10 is blocked.
• a hook 307 (FIG. 12) on the door -10 engages around a substantially fixed pin (namely connected to the fixed part 112) pin 305.
• the hook 307 is seated on a rotating rod 62, analogous to the bolts 405 of FIG. 11, perpendicular and parallel to the edge 14, which can be pivoted via the lock 160 with the aid of a key 63 in such a way that the hook 307 from the position shown with solid lines to the dash-dotted position.
• the hook lies on the side of the pin 305 facing away from the vertical fixed part 112, it is expedient if the hook 307 faces the wall 112, i.e. engages between fixed part 112 and pin 305.
• the door 10 can now be hung in such a way that the hook 307 passes the pin 305 into the position shown in full lines. If the key 63 is then turned, the hook 307 assumes the dash-dotted position. He grips the pin 305 and can be pivoted with it such that the door 10 swings open by 90 degrees and then assumes the position shown in dash-dotted lines. Although the hook 307 is not completely guided around the pin 305 even in this position, a stable swivel bearing is nevertheless obtained because the door 10 cannot deflect against the stationary part 112.
• the hook construction can be modified according to FIG. 13, in which two hooks 407 can surround the pin 305 from both sides in the manner of bearing shells.
• the hooks 407 can be displaced relative to one another in a guide (not shown in detail), the arrangement being expediently such that they are pulled apart under the action of springs 65, whereas they are turned by turning the key 63 against the Force of the springs 65 are compressed to enclose the pin 305. This can be done with any lock constructions.
• the reverse case would also be conceivable (and also applicable for light swivel parts 10), the springs 65 being designed as compression springs and being brought into the pressed-apart position according to FIG. 13 by the key 63, for example by means of the key 63 rotatable nut or an eccentric.
• the holding force of the hooks 407 on the pin 305 would only be determined by the pressure of the springs 65, which is certainly not favorable for heavy doors 10.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Hinges (AREA)
• Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
• Holders For Apparel And Elements Relating To Apparel (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=4312331

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (9)

Citations (3)

• 1984
  • 1984-12-05 EP EP85900098A patent/EP0164381A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1984-12-05 AU AU37868/85A patent/AU3786885A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1984-12-05 WO PCT/EP1984/000387 patent/WO1985002647A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1984-12-05 JP JP60500238A patent/JPS61500679A/ja active Pending
• 1985
  • 1985-08-07 NO NO853119A patent/NO853119L/no unknown
  • 1985-08-09 FI FI853063A patent/FI853063A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (3)

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