USRE39998E1 - Composite wear component - Google Patents

Composite wear component Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE39998E1
USRE39998E1 US10/448,004 US44800497A USRE39998E US RE39998 E1 USRE39998 E1 US RE39998E1 US 44800497 A US44800497 A US 44800497A US RE39998 E USRE39998 E US RE39998E
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Prior art keywords
ceramic
wear component
composite wear
component according
pad
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Expired - Lifetime
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US10/448,004
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English (en)
Inventor
Hubert Francois
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Magotteaux International SA
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Magotteaux International SA
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Priority claimed from EP96202741A external-priority patent/EP0838288A1/fr
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Assigned to MAGOTTEAUX INTERNATIONAL S.A. reassignment MAGOTTEAUX INTERNATIONAL S.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FRANCOIS, HUBERT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B02C15/004—Shape or construction of rollers or balls
    • B02C15/005—Rollers or balls of composite construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/02—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making reinforced articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/06—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for manufacturing or repairing tools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/107—Refractories by fusion casting
    • C04B35/109—Refractories by fusion casting containing zirconium oxide or zircon (ZrSiO4)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
    • C04B35/117—Composites
    • C04B35/119—Composites with zirconium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • C04B35/484—Refractories by fusion casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
    • C04B35/488—Composites
    • C04B35/4885—Composites with aluminium oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
    • C04B35/62655—Drying, e.g. freeze-drying, spray-drying, microwave or supercritical drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/653—Processes involving a melting step
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2210/00—Codes relating to different types of disintegrating devices
    • B02C2210/02—Features for generally used wear parts on beaters, knives, rollers, anvils, linings and the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12007—Component of composite having metal continuous phase interengaged with nonmetal continuous phase
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12458—All metal or with adjacent metals having composition, density, or hardness gradient
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/22—Nonparticulate element embedded or inlaid in substrate and visible
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite wear component produced by casting and consisting of a metal matrix whose wear face comprises inserts which have good wear resistance properties.
  • the invention relates especially to wear components employed in plants for grinding, crushing and conveying various abrasive materials which are encountered in industries such as cement factories, mines, metallurgy, electricity generating stations or various quarries. These components are often subjected to high mechanical stresses in the bulk and to a high wear by abrasion at the working face. It is therefore desirable that these components should exhibit a high abrasion resistance and some ductility, to be able to withstand the mechanical stresses such as impacts and to be capable optionally of being mechanical.
  • composite components which have a core made of relatively ductile alloy in which isolated inserts which have a good wear resistance are embedded.
  • This well-known process employs wax models which must be melted to obtain the mould cavity which must be filled with metal; this mould itself is made of ceramic and not of a conventional sand.
  • a ceramic pad (wafer core) is formed first, with a spongy structure which has a three-dimensional network of open pores all of which communicate with one another.
  • This ceramic pad is formed by pouring grains of ceramic materials into an appropriate mould and, next, a liquid adhesive with a good fluidity, for example a liquid resin which, after curing, retains the grains to form the ceramic structure.
  • the ceramic material may consist of aluminium oxide or of zirconium oxide.
  • this pad is placed in a mould intended to produce the wax model of the component.
  • the wax model is then case and, lastly, the ceramic mould is produced by dipping the wax model in a ceramic slurry.
  • the ceramic mould containing the wax model is then heated so as to melt the wax model.
  • the wax thus flows from the ceramic mould but the pads inserted beforehand in the wax model remain adhesively bonded to the walls of the ceramic mould.
  • the latter is preheated to a temperature of the order of 1150° C., generally under vacuum.
  • the component usually undergoes a subsequent heat treatment.
  • the mechanical properties of the ceramic material should be adapted to those of the metal in order to produce a component whose properties correspond to the requirements of the specific application for which it is intended.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a composite wear component with ceramic inserts satisfactorily corresponding to the requirements listed above.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to solve this second problem by proposing specific geometries of the composite wear component.
  • the invention proposes a composite wear component produced by conventional or centrifugal casting. It consists of a metal matrix whose wear surface comprises inserts which have good abrasion resistance properties, these inserts being made of a ceramic material, itself composite, consisting of a solid solution or homogeneous phase of 20 to 80% of Al 2 O 3 and 80 to 20% or ZrO 2 , the percentages being expressed by weights of constituents.
  • the ceramic material may additionally contain other oxides whose proportion by weight does not exceed 3 to 4%.
  • the composition of the ceramic material consists of the following:
  • the composition of the ceramic material consists of the following:
  • the content of ceramic materials in the insert is between 35 and 80% by weight volume, preferably between 40 to 60% and advantageously of the order of 50%.
  • This composite ceramic material is produced from an aggregate of ceramic grains which have a particle size within the range F6 to F22 according to the FEPA standard, that is to say a diameter of between approximately 0.7 mm and 5.5 mm. These ceramic grains are manufactured in a conventional way, by electrofusion, by sintering, by flame spraying or by any other process allowing the two constituents to fuse.
  • the ceramic grains are aggregated with the aid of an adhesive, the proportion of which does not exceed 4% by weight relative to the total weight of the pad and is preferably between 2 and 3% by weight.
  • This adhesive may be inorganic or organic.
  • An adhesive based on a silicate or an adhesive which is in the form of epoxy resin may be mentioned by way of example.
  • the invention is based on the finding that aluminium oxide (corundum) and zirconium oxide have relatively different properties and this makes it possible, by a judicious choice within the abovementioned ranges, to adjust the hardness, the toughness and the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic composite so as to combine a good hardness and a good toughness; and to make it compatible with the precise application for which the component is intended, on the one hand, and to obtain, on the other hand, an expansion coefficient of the composite ceramic which is close to that of the casting metal chosen, that is to say of the pig iron or of the steel which has an expansion coefficient of between 10 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 and 11 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 .
  • Zirconium oxide has the advantage of having an expansion coefficient which is close to that of the metal. In addition, it contributes to good toughness, that is to say that it reduces the risks of breakage.
  • Aluminium oxide for its part, contributes to good hardness. Within the pads the zirconium particles present in the alumina make it possible to increase the resistance of the latter to cracking and thus to obtain a toughness greater than that of each of the components considered in isolation, namely ZrO 2 or Al 2 O 3 .
  • the wear components which are subjected to strong abrasion it is advantageous to increase the proportion of aluminium oxide, not exceeding, however, a certain limit beyond which the abrasion resistance and the toughness begin to decrease.
  • the second range is rather chosen for the ceramic composition.
  • the choice of the proportions of the constituents of the composite ceramic insert may, of course, also take into account the composition of the casting metal with a view to the properties required by the application for which the component is intended. Similarly, the choice of the composition of the casting metal may be adapted to the nature of the composite insert.
  • the pad rather in the form of a “honeycomb” structure which includes various elementary cells exhibiting a polygonal or circular shape within the ceramic phase.
  • the thickness of the walls of the various cells constituting the ceramic phase preferably varies between 5 and 25 mm.
  • this embodiment makes it possible to increase the quantity of the ceramic phase without, however, risking the problem of poor infiltration of the liquid metal in the case of a component whose wear takes place more particularly in depth.
  • the advantage lies in the fact that the walls do not exceed the limiting thickness for infiltration of the liquid metal, which is approximately 25 mm, but with a height that is practically equal to the height of the composite component.
  • the improvement in the grinding process is observed.
  • hollow pits are created in the cellular metal part, which then fill with material to be ground and thus ensure that they play a part in self-protection against wear.
  • This profile advantageously makes it possible to avoid the creation of preferential wear paths by the ground material, reflected in a drop in output rate in the case of the mills.
  • this structure in the “honeycomb” form according to the second preferred embodiment makes it possible to reduce the risk of propagation of the cracks that could develop in the infiltrated pad during the production of the component.
  • the splits which might be formed are then closed onto themselves and do not propagate within the whole component.
  • FIG. 1 describes a composite wear component according to a first preferred embodiment of the present inventionwith FIG. 1 being a sectional view.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B describe a composite wear component according to a second embodiment of the present invention with FIG. 2B being a sectional view taken along line 2 B— 2 B ⁇ 21 — 21 of FIG. 2 A.
  • FIG. 3 describes a particular application for a composite wear component according to the present invention.
  • a mixture of 75% of Al 2 O 3 and 23% of ZrO 2 is made up, the two constituents of which are fused by electrofusion to form composite grains of a particle size included in the categories F6 to F20 of the FEPA standard. These grains are then poured into a mould of appropriate shape with a liquid adhesive which, after curing, holds the grains together to form a ceramic pad.
  • FIG. 1 it is recommended to employ the configuration shown in FIG. 1 , which takes two ceramic pads 1 which are superposed and leaving a 10 mm gap between them. These Ceramic pads 1 are placed in an appropriate mould, preferably made of sand, into which is next cast a liquid pig iron 2 including 3% or carbon, 26% of chromium and other conventional elements in a small proportion which is always encountered in alloys of this type. A wear component is thus produced with ceramic inserts 1 with a hardness of the order of 1600 Hv with an expansion coefficient close to 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 , held in a pig iron matrix 2 with a hardness close to 750 Hv.
  • the ceramic material is prepared as in Example 1 but this time choosing a composition which gives preference to the expansion coefficient at the expense of hardness, that is to say by taking 40% of ZrO 2 and 60% of Al 2 O 3 .
  • a “honeycomb” form configuration is employed, as shown in FIG. 2 , which is formed of ceramic inserts 1 and cast metal 2 .
  • the structure is in the form of a “honeycomb” whose cells have walls the thickness of which is approximately 20 mm and the height of which is practically equal to the height of the composite component.
  • This structure is produced with the aid of a manganese steel with a composition of 1% of carbon, 14% of manganese and 1.5% of molybdenum.
  • a composite component is thus produced with a hardness of approximately 1350 Hv with an expansion coefficient close to 9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 .
  • the objective here is to decrease the risk of splits in the component because of the high impact level to which this type of component is subjected.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a ceramic pad employed for an application in beaters, which allows the three wear phases of the beater to be strengthened.
  • the ceramic pad 1 is a single component situated within the metal phase 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Silicon Polymers (AREA)
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US10/448,004 1996-10-01 1997-08-27 Composite wear component Expired - Lifetime USRE39998E1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96202741A EP0838288A1 (fr) 1996-10-01 1996-10-01 Pièce d'usure composite
EP97870099 1997-07-04
PCT/EP1997/004762 WO1998015373A1 (fr) 1996-10-01 1997-08-27 Piece d'usure composite

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/269,723 Reissue US6399176B1 (en) 1996-10-01 1997-08-27 Composite wear component

Publications (1)

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USRE39998E1 true USRE39998E1 (en) 2008-01-08

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Family Applications (3)

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US09/269,723 Ceased US6399176B1 (en) 1996-10-01 1997-08-27 Composite wear component
US10/448,004 Expired - Lifetime USRE39998E1 (en) 1996-10-01 1997-08-27 Composite wear component
US10/152,569 Expired - Fee Related US6520241B2 (en) 1996-10-01 2002-05-23 Composite wear component

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/269,723 Ceased US6399176B1 (en) 1996-10-01 1997-08-27 Composite wear component

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/152,569 Expired - Fee Related US6520241B2 (en) 1996-10-01 2002-05-23 Composite wear component

Country Status (23)

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US (3) US6399176B1 (xx)
EP (1) EP0930948B1 (xx)
JP (1) JP2001504036A (xx)
KR (2) KR20060013699A (xx)
CN (1) CN1114513C (xx)
AT (1) ATE195895T1 (xx)
AU (1) AU723329B2 (xx)
BR (1) BR9712188A (xx)
CA (1) CA2266475A1 (xx)
CZ (1) CZ294041B6 (xx)
DE (1) DE69702988T2 (xx)
EE (1) EE9900139A (xx)
ES (1) ES2150278T3 (xx)
HU (1) HU224208B1 (xx)
ID (1) ID17782A (xx)
MY (1) MY128314A (xx)
PL (1) PL189446B1 (xx)
PT (1) PT930948E (xx)
RU (1) RU2177389C2 (xx)
SK (1) SK284900B6 (xx)
TR (1) TR199900645T2 (xx)
UA (1) UA46124C2 (xx)
WO (1) WO1998015373A1 (xx)

Cited By (8)

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