Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/08—Solutions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/63—Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide
  • A61K31/635—Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide having a heterocyclic ring, e.g. sulfadiazine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/63—Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents

Definitions

• Aqueous solutions of antibacterially active sulfonamides and sulfonamide potentiators which are suitable for parenteral administration and which contain no organic solvent, are prepared by reacting a sulfonamide RH with an aldehyde R 1 CHO to give a compound of the formula R 1 CH(R) 2 and dissolving said compound in water together with the sulfonamide potentiator.
• the invention is concerned with a process for the preparation of aqueous solutions of potentiated sulfonamides.
• Combinations of sulfonamides and sulfonamide potentiators are used extensively for the treatment of bacterial infections in human and veterinary medicine. Because of the different solubility characteristics of the sulfonamides and of the potentiators and because a weak base (potentiator) must be combined with a weak acid (sulfonamide) in non-stoichiometric amounts, the manufacture of pharmaceutically usable solutions, for example, injection solutions, of combinations of these substances causes difficulties.
• An object of the invention is to remedy these deficiencies by providing pharmaceutical preparations in aqueous form or preparations convertible in a simple manner into an aqueous form, which possess satisfactory compatibility and activity, have a high active substance concentration and physiologically favorable pH-value, are sufficiently stable and contain no expensive adjuvants.
• the invention provides a process for the preparation of aqueous solutions of potentiated sulfonamides based on a compound of the formula
• R 1 is hydrogen or an organic group and R is an antibacterially active sulfonamide bonded via the amino group, and a sulfonamide potentiator, and dry residues of such solutions, which process comprises dissolving a compound of formula I, a sulfonamide potentiator and, if desired, a sulfonamide salt corresponding to the compound of formula I or a sulfonamide corresponding to the compound of formula I and an amount of base equivalent to the sulfonamide in water; or dissolving a compound of formula I and a sulfonamide potentiator in an inert, aprotic, organic solvent, thereafter removing the solvent and dissolving the residue in water which contains an amount of base equimolar to the sulfonamide; and, if desired, drying the solution.
• the compounds of formula I can be obtained by reacting an antibacterially active sulfonamide in acidic solution with an aldehyde of the formula R 1 --CHO.
• antibacterially active sulfonamides bonded in the amino group and present as R are preferably N 1 -heterocyclic substituted sulfonamides such as those having a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, for example, a pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, oxazole or isoxazole ring.
• sulfonamides are sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfatroxazole, sulfamerazine, sulfadoxine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine, sulfaquinoxaline, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfaguanidine, sulfalene, sulfametin, sulfamethoxine, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfamethylphenazole, sulfaphenazole, sulfamoxole, sulfapyrazine, sulfapyridazine, sulfapyridine, sulfasymazine and sulfametrole.
• potentiator denotes compounds which increase the antibacterial activity of sulfonamides more than additively.
• sulfonamide potentiators are especially compounds which inhibit dihydrofolate reductase, preferably, 2,4-diaminopyrimidine derivatives.
• 2,4-diaminopyrimidine derivatives are 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines which are substituted in the phenyl ring, such as, 2,4-diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine (trimethoprim), 2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-methoxyethoxybenzyl)-pyrimidine (tetroxoprim) and 2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-methylthiobenzyl)-pyrimidine (metioprim).
• 2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines which are substituted in the phenyl ring
• 2,4-diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine trimethoprim
• dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors are 2,4-diamino-5-(4-bromo-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-pyrimidine, 2,4-diamino-5-[3,5-diethoxy-4-(pyrrol-l-yl)-benzyl]-pyrimidine, 2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-dimethylaminobenzyl)-pyrimidine, 2,4-diamino-5-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-pyrimidine (diaveridine), 2,4-diamino-5-(p-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine (pyrimethamine) and 2,4-diamino-5-(2-methyl-4,5-dimethoxybenzyl)-pyrimidine.
• the aldehyde of the formula R 1 CHO used for the preparation of the compounds of formula I is preferably a lower aliphatic aldehyde, especially formaldehyde.
• aldehydes which can be used are glycol aldehyde and glyceraldehyde. Accordingly, R 1 is preferably lower alkyl or most preferably, hydrogen.
• the reaction of a sulfonamide with an aldehyde of the formula R 1 CHO to prepare a compound of formula I is conveniently carried out by dissolving the sulfonamide in water with the addition of an acid and treating the solution, which is filtered, if desired, with aqueous aldehyde solution, whereby the compound of formula I precipitates and can be isolated, for example, by filtering the solution.
• a mineral acid acid such as hydrochloric acid is conveniently used as the acid.
• the acid concentration is not critical within a narrow range; it can be, for example, 0.1-2 normal, preferably, 1 normal.
• the reaction can be carried out by mixing the reactants, conveniently, at room temperature.
• ingredients in the preparations obtainable in accordance with the invention are combinations of trimethoprim with compounds of formula I which are derived from sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, sulfadoxine and sulfametrole, combinations of tetroxoprim and sulfadiazine compounds of formula I and combinations of pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine compounds of formula I.
• the preparation, in accordance with the invention, of the aqueous solutions cn be carried out by mixing the ingredients and heating the mixture conveniently up to about 80° C.
• a compound of formula I and a potentiator are dissolved in an inert, aprotic, organic solvent, for example, dioxane, preferably while heating for example, up to about 80° C., and the solvent is removed, for example, by evaporation.
• the thus-obtained solvent-free residue can be dissolved in water with the addition of an amount of base equivalent to the sulfonamide present.
• the amount of sulfonamide or of a compound of formula I present in the solutions obtainable in accordance with the invention is governed by the therapeutic activity of the sulfonamide-potentiator combinations.
• the molar ratio sulfonamide:potentiator is ⁇ 1:1, the case of commercial combination of sulfamethoxazole:trimethoprim it is, for exmaple, about 5.7:1, which corresponds to a weight ratio of 5:1.
• additional amounts of sulfonamide can be added to the solution, the sulfonamide being used in the form of a salt or an amount of base equivalent to the additional sulfonamide being added to the solution.
• bases for the salt formation there come into consideration, for example, alkali hydroxides such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, pharmaceutically acceptable organic bases such as N-methylglucamine or basic amino acids such as lysine, arginine or ornithine.
• the concentration of the thus-prepared solutions that is the content of dissolved substances can amount to 40 weight percent or more, 10-20 weight percent solutions preferably being prepared.
• a suitable organic solvent which is miscible with water such as, glycolfurol or polyethylene glycol 400.
• the solutions can be dried by means of known galenical techniques, for example, by freeze-drying or spray-drying.
• the thus-obtained dry preparations which are also an object of the invention, can, if desired after sterilization, be re-converted into solutions, for example, solutions for injections by the addition of water.
• solutions can be sterilized by means of techniques which are usual in galenics for the preparation of parenteral administration forms, for example, by heat sterilization or sterile filtration.
• the applicability of the compounds of formula I in accordance with the invention is not limited to the preparation of injection solutions.
• the compounds of formula I can also be used for other purposes, that is, when a sulfonamide-potentiator combination in dissolved form should be used.
• trimethoprim 100 mg were added to a solution of 570 mg of N 4 , N 4' -methylene-bis[N 1 -(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)sulfanilamide] and 242 mg of sulfamethoxazole in 3.15 ml of sodium hydroxide and 5 ml of water.
• the suspension was heated to 80° for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the total volume was made up to 10 ml with water.
• This solution can be lyophilized at -32°.
• the lyophilizate can be dissolved in 5 ml of water for injection purposes.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oncology (AREA)
• Communicable Diseases (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
• Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
• Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
• Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)
• Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
• Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)
• Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)
• Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)

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• 1982
  • 1982-08-27 AT AT82107891T patent/ATE15446T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-08-27 EP EP82107891A patent/EP0075135B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-08-27 DE DE8282107891T patent/DE3266202D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-09-03 US US06/414,694 patent/US4599416A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1982-09-03 FI FI823051A patent/FI78836C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
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  • 1982-09-16 NZ NZ201943A patent/NZ201943A/en unknown
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  • 1982-09-21 GR GR69327A patent/GR78041B/el unknown
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