Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0034—Fixed on a solid conventional detergent ingredient
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
  • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
  • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
  • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
  • C11D3/3935—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts granulated, coated or protected

Definitions

• ABSTRACT In a method for preparing dry stable bleaching and oxidizing compositions containing at least one peroxygen compound and at least one organic acid anhydride, the improvement which comprises: absorbing the organic acid anhydride on a particulate inert absorbent material, providing said absorbed material in a predetermined granulated size range, and mixing said granulated product with at least one peroxygen compound to prepare a novel solid bleaching and oxidizing composition which is stable over prolonged periods of time.
• the present invention concerns an improvement in the method of preparing dry solid bleaching compositions containing at least one peroxygen compound and at least one organic anhydride and to novel dry solid bleaching compositions thereof.
• the present improvement consists in absorbing an organic anhydride on a substantially inert absorbent material and providing said absorbed material in a particulate form of a predetermined size range.
• the absorbed anhydride material is mixed with granules of an appropriate peroxygen compound and other constituents to provide novel dry bleaching compositions stable over sustained periods of time. All the constituents are usually provided in a granulated form having approximately the same size range to provide a free flowing product.
• the various components may be compressed or packed into predetermined forms containing the constituents evenly distributed therethrough or compacted in forms having layers or concentrated areas containing only one constituent in each area or other similar shapes such as tablets, rolls, balls and the like.
• an organic anhydride such as, for example, benzoic anhydride is absorbed on a particulate inert absorbent material by melting the anhydride and contacting it with the inert absorbent.
• an organic anhydride such as, for example, benzoic anhydride
• the anhydrides can also be absorbed on the inert absorbent by first dissolving the anhydride in an inert solvent of .low volatility, such as, for example, methylene chloride, slurrying the inert particulate absorbent in said solvent and evaporating the solvent thus leaving the anhydride absorbed on the inert absorbent.
• an inert solvent of .low volatility such as, for example, methylene chloride
• the inert absorbent material and the organic anhydride are combined in amounts to provide a granulated product containing from about 30 to about. 65 percent by weight of the inert absorbent material and 35 to 70 percent by weight of the anhydride.
• the exact quantity of inert absorbent required will depend upon the oil sorptive capacity of the particular inert absorbent employed. A sufficient amount of the inert material should be employed, however, so as to provide a free flowing product at temperatures above about [08 F.
• the technique employed for providing the absorbed anhydride-inert material in granulated form is not ordinarily critical to improving the stability of the final product.
• the particle size does govern the resultant stability and larger sizestare preferred, since they reduce the surface to mass ratio of the active ingredients in the granulated compositions and thus impart a high-temperature stability to the bleaching compositions.
• the size of the particles should be as large as possible while still sufficiently small such that a substantially homogenous mixture of the granulated components of the bleaching compositions may be made.
• the particles should range in size from about 5 to about mesh (U.S. Standard Sieve). Particles ranging in size from about minus 8 to plus 20 mesh have been found to be particularly useful in providing a product which can be readily admixed with the other components of dry' solid bleach compositions and are stable for sustained periods of time.
• lnert absorbent materials which have found particular utility in the present invention include, for example, diatomaceous earths; synthetic silica-alumina compounds; certain metal salts, such as sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate; and certain substantially inert clays such as, for example, kaolinite-type clays, montmorillonite-type clays, vermiculite, attapulgus clay, Fullers earth, and the like.
• An especially useful absorbent consists of an expanded perlite material. Expanded perlite consists of the product obtained from the thermal treatment of the glass appearing perlite rock usually composed of SiO Al O water, potash, soda and lime in varying proportions.
• the perlite rock When the perlite rock is heated to its softening point it expands to form a light fluffy material similar in appearance to pumice rock.
• the expanded perlite can be processed, such as by grinding, to provide perlite material in various particulate size ranges.
• the inert absorbent material should be soluble in aqueous solutions or have a particle size which is small enough to pass through woven fabrics.
• the present invention concerns an improve ment in dry solid bleach compositions which yield organic monoperacids or salts thereof when dissolved in an aqueous media.
• dry bleach compositions usually consist of a dry stable particulate mixture of at least one solid inorganic peroxygen compound and at least one solid organic acid anhydride.
• operable inorganic peroxygen compounds include, the inorganic perborates, peroxides, percarbonates, perphosphates and the like.
• Sodium perborate monohydrate has been widely used because of its low cost and availability. Potassium perborate and ammonium perborate are especially desirable because of their stability for sustained periods of time.
• peroxygen compounds which may be included are urea peroxide, zinc peroxide, magnesium peroxide and calcium peroxide. These peroxygen compounds may be either anhydrous or in the hydrated form as long as they are sufficiently free of uncombined water so as to be unreactive toward the organic acid anhydride in a dry mix prior to use.
• a solid organic acid anhydride is also included in the commonly used dry bleach compositions.
• suitable anhydrides include succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, glutaric anhydride and benzoic anhydride.
• succinic anhydride succinic anhydride
• maleic anhydride maleic anhydride
• phthalic anhydride phthalic anhydride
• glutaric anhydride glutaric anhydride
• benzoic anhydride Generally nontoxic organic acid anhydrides are employed; however, anhydrides of a toxic nature may be employed if desired.
• ingredients may also be employed in the dry solid bleach compositions to modify the properties of the monoperacid solutions which are produced.
• the pH of the final peracid may be controlled to an extent by incorporating certain alkaline or acid materials such as, for example, anhydrous sodium carbonate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate and other similar compounds.
• Other desirable properties may be imparted to the peracid solutions by incorporating into the dry composition other substances such as soaps, perfumes and other materials which are not detrimental to the bleaching and oxidizing properties of the compositions.
• the dry bleach compositions usually contain equimolar quantities of the peroxygen compound and organic acid anhydride.
• the acidity and alkalinity of the prepared solutions may be varied by employing other than equimolar ratios of the ingredients.
• the peracids offer a rapid and powerful bleaching and oxidizing media which can be used for industrial purposes, such as, for example, in the bleaching of textiles and wood pulp and for consumer use such as for bleaching textiles.
• EXAMPLE 1 One part by weight of molten benzoic anhydride was absorbed onto 1.2 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth. Upon cooling, a free flowing powder formed which retained its solidlike appearance well above the melting point of benzoic anhydride (i.e., about l08 F.). After cooling the powder to room temperature, the powder was compacted into tablets and pulverized into fine granules. These granules were screened into four fractions as set forth in following table I. A portion of each fraction was dry blended with half its weight of sodium perborate monohydrate. The four fractions were maintained in open containers at 122 F. for various periods of time. The samples were analyzed by infrared techniques periodically to determine the percent of unreacted benzoic anhydride remaining in each. The results and time periods are tabulated in following table I.
• Expanded perlite 38 97 94 obtained from different commercial sources Again all the samples maintained a granulated form over the test period whereas a bleaching composition in which an inert absorbent was not employed fused into a solid mass.
• an organic anhydride can be dissolved in an inert volatile solvent, such as methylene chloride, and slurried with from about I00 to 200 parts by weight of an inert absorbent material, such as, for example, expanded perlite.
• an inert absorbent material such as, for example, expanded perlite.
• Upon evaporation of the solvent a freeflowing powder containing the anhydride absorbed on the inert material is formed.
• the powder can be granulated to prepare particles of a desired size and these be employed in the production of dry bleach compositions.
• a molten anhydride may be sprayed onto an agitated bed of an inert absorbent material. The resulting powder can be compacted and granulated to the desired particle size range.
• said organic anhydride consists of benzoic anhydride
• said inert absorbent consists of particulate expanded perlite and said granulated product contains from about 30 to about 65 percent by weight of said absorbent, and from about 35 to 70 percent by weight of said benzoic anhydride ranging in size from about minus 8 to about plus 20 mesh
• said inorganic peroxygen compound is selected from the group consisting of granulated potassium perborate, ammonium perborate, sodium perborate and mixtures thereof.
• a granulated solid dry stable bleaching and oxidizing composition which when dissolved in an aqueous solution forms at least one of an organic monoperacid or a persalt thereof as the effective bleaching constituent consisting essentially of: I
• At least one particulate product said particles of said product which comprise from about 35 to about 70 percent by weight of at least one organic acid anhydride compound absorbed onto from about 30 to about 65 percent by weight of an inert absorbent material which is substantially free of uncombined water, wherein said inorganic peroxygen compound and said organic acid anhydride are provided in about an equimolar amount and the particles of said granulated composition range in size from about -8 to about .+20 mesh.
• said inert absorbent consists of expanded perlite, said granulated product contains from about 30 to about 65 percent by weight of expanded perlite, and from about 35 to percent by weight of said benzoic anhydride and ranges in size from about minus 8 to about plus 20 mesh, and wherein said inorganic peroxygen compound is selected from the group consisting of sodium perborate, ammonium perborate, potassium perborate and mixtures thereof.
• a composition of matter consisting essentially of: a granulated mass of particles, each of said particles consisting of from about 30 to about 65 percent by weight of an inert absorbent material which is substantially free from uncombined water and having absorbed thereon from about 35 to about 70 percent by weight of an organic acid anhydride compound, said mass of particles ranging in size from about 8 to about +20 mesh, and said organic acid anhydride being one which when dissolved in an aqueous solution containing at least one dissolved inorganic peroxygen compound yields at least one of an organic monoperacid or a persalt of an organic monoperacid.
• composition as defined in claim 12 wherein said inert absorbent material is substantially nonhygroscopic.
• composition as defined in claim l2 wherein said particles consist of about 30 to 65 percent by weight of expanded perlite and from 35 to 70 percent by weight of benzoic acid anhydride absorbed on said expanded perlite, and said particles range in size from about minus 8 to about plus 20 mesh.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (12)

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Citations (2)

• 1968
  • 1968-03-12 US US712363A patent/US3639248A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1969
  • 1969-03-04 FR FR6905904A patent/FR2003689A1/fr active Granted
  • 1969-03-06 GB GB1227702D patent/GB1227702A/en not_active Expired
  • 1969-03-10 NL NL6903668A patent/NL6903668A/xx unknown
  • 1969-03-11 BE BE729684D patent/BE729684A/xx unknown
  • 1969-03-12 JP JP44018378A patent/JPS4833158B1/ja active Pending
  • 1969-03-12 DE DE19691912579 patent/DE1912579B2/de active Pending

Patent Citations (2)

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