US3422627A - Method for interconnecting successive sections of walls and partitions cast in the ground - Google Patents

Method for interconnecting successive sections of walls and partitions cast in the ground Download PDF

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Publication number
US3422627A
US3422627A US437668A US3422627DA US3422627A US 3422627 A US3422627 A US 3422627A US 437668 A US437668 A US 437668A US 3422627D A US3422627D A US 3422627DA US 3422627 A US3422627 A US 3422627A
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Prior art keywords
cast
tube
concrete
tubes
recess
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US437668A
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English (en)
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Jacques Courte
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Soletanche SA
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Soletanche SA
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E02D5/182—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ using formworks to separate sections

Definitions

  • an elongated pit is first formed, the breadth and depth of which pit are equal to that of the underground wall it is desired to cast.
  • a filling constituted by a so-called mud liquid is caused to be present throughout the duration of the digging of the pit.
  • Said mud is constituted by a suspension of clay in water with a possible incorporation of various reagents or fillings showing thixotropic properties. Said suspension holds the walls of the pit in position by reason both of its specific weight and of the formation of a waterproofing deposit or cake over said walls.
  • the latter When the desired depth of pit is reached, the latter is filled with concrete or the like suitable material. Said filling is performed underneath the mud, the filling beginning at the bottom of the pit while various methods are resorted to which prevent the cast material from being soiled by the mud.
  • Such underground walls are if required reinforced, in which case the reinforcing irons are positioned after the pit has been dug completely and before the concrete is cast into said pit.
  • the underground walls thus obtained serve generally as fluidtight or carrier means or else both as fluidtight and carrier means so that special care should be taken for the execution of the joints between its successive sections.
  • My invention has for its object a method and means for improving the connection between the successive sections or panels while ensuring the continuity of the underground wall both as concerns fluidtightness and the transmission of stresses.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 illustrate diagrammatically from above the successive stages of the execution of such a wall according to the known prior method.
  • FIG. 1 shows the execution of a first or primary section for which two cylindrical bore holes are first executed in a vertical direction as shown at 1 and 2, the diameters of said bore holes being equal to the thickness of the wall to be executed and the depth slightly superior to that of said proposed wall, said bore holes defining the ends of the first section to 'be produced.
  • the pit is then dug out for said section by slicing the earth horizontally in successive operations between the two bore holes 1 and 2 until the desired depth is reached.
  • two smooth cylindrical tubes 4 and 5 called stop-end tubes are then introduced at the two ends 1 and 2 of the pit in a vertical direction as obtained through known means, the diameter of which tubes approximates the thickness of the pit obtained; said tubes are sunk down to the bottom of the bore holes, which means slightly deeper than the bottom of the pit; this method allows maintaining the vertical direction of tubes 4 and 5 during the subsequent casting of the pit 3.
  • the pit 3 is then filled with concrete in its portion extending between the stop-end tubes 4 and 5.
  • the tubes 4 and 5 are removed and leave in the cast concrete a smooth vertical geometrical half cylindrical surface or joint the diameter of which is equal to that of the stop-end tubes.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the execution of a second or secondary element or panel following the first or primary panel thus cast in the ground.
  • Said primary element of the wall appears in accordance with the method disclosed as an elongated section A bounded at 1 and 2 by concave joint surfaces corresponding to one half periphery of the precedingly removed stop-end tubes 4 and 5.
  • the original bore hole 2 forms one of the cylindrical bore holes necessary for the casting of the second wall panel and the execution of a further terminal cylindrical bore hole at 6 is therefore suflicient.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the wall element obtained after the filling with concrete of the secondary section or panel B.
  • the two successive panels or elements A and B are thus in contact with each other along a joining surface or joint extending over a half cylinder having a vertical axis.
  • Such a shape provided for a joining surface is advantageous since the elements interengage each other.
  • the digging and filling with concrete are executed while the pit is filled with mud.
  • the mud forms a clayey deposit of cake on the walls of the pit which cooperates in the proper behavior of said walls. But said deposit is also obtained on the concrete wall in contact with the mud and in particular, a clay deposit is obtained during the digging of the pit section B on the terminal surface of the first wall section A at 2.
  • a clay deposit is obtained during the digging of the pit section B on the terminal surface of the first wall section A at 2.
  • Generally care is taken to scrape said surface before filling concrete into the pit section B so as to remove to the utmost said clayey deposit, but it is never possible to ascertain whether said removal is actually complete.
  • My invention has for its object a method and means which remove said drawbacks. It chiefly consists in providing in proximity with the joining surface or joint through means to be described hereinafter, a key recess which allows checking the condition of said joint and obtaining perfect fiuidtightness while furthermore it improves the interdependence between the successive elements of the Wall by a filling of concrete in the key recess cut through them with a view to forming an actual unit constituted by said elements.
  • said key recess being closed throughout its periphery may be readily cleaned with clear water so that the concrete when filling said key recess adheres perfectly to the precedingly cast concrete elements and ensures between them a connection through a sort of cast key or core which may be reinforced by iron members.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 relate to a conventional method as described hereinabove.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 are diagrammatic plan views of different embodiments of my invention selected by way of example.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a method for removing the tubes serving for the execution of my invention.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the removable stud resorted to for this method.
  • FIGS. 10 to 13 illustrate still further embodiments of my improved method.
  • FIG. 4 there is inserted, after casting the concrete of the primary section A and after digging the location of the secondary wall section B still full of mud, a smooth vertical key tube 7 in contact with the medial section of the joint surface C of the primary section, the diameter of said key tube 7 being clearly smaller than the breadth of the wall to be executed, said diameter being advantageously equal to 180 mm.
  • the tube 7 should be checked by means of a plumb rule in accordance with the well-known method which is quite sufiicient for the purpose.
  • the tube may be set in the desired vertical position by rigidly securing it to the iron reinforcements or even by resorting to a mere guiding member which may in fact be removed.
  • the tube may engage the joint surface C along its medial generating line.
  • the concrete used for filling the section B urges through its mere longitudinal pressure the cylinder 7 against said joint surface C and holds it along said medial generating line as a result of lateral inertia.
  • Said recess may if required be bored by means of a percussion tool so as to be enlarged up to the circle drawn in interrupted lines and to cut through the joining surface C. It is then sufficient to inject under pressure clear water into said recess or else to empty it if 4 the wall is bathed by a sheet of water so as to check whether the joint is already fluidtight.
  • the joint is fiuidtight or allows only water to flow without this water carrying along any material removed from the ground layers, it is sufiicient to wash the walls of the recess when filled with clear water by using for instance a circular metal brush assuming a reciprocatory movement after which concrete is cast into the recess.
  • the joint is not fluidtight, it is possible to use said key recess associated if required with a grout pipe so as to inject under pressure a suspension of cement to fill the joint and to ensure its perfect fiuidtightness or else to use the key recess in order to form underneath the mud a cast concrete core or key.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a joining surface or joint executed in a similar manner, but in which the inserted key tube 9 has a diameter which is almost equal to the thickness of the wall.
  • said recess designated by 11 and extending at the desired location of the tube 9 is filled with a high grade concrete which may possibly be reinforced or be expansible. I thus obtain a core or rotula adapted to absorb the compressional or tensional stresses chiefly in the case-of circular Walls.
  • the procedure is advantageously as follows: there is secured. to the stop end tube 5 such as that shown in FIG. 1 a key tube 7a and this assembly is introduced into the pit so that the contacting line between the tubes may lie in the medial plane of the wall to be executed.
  • These tubes are assembled at their upper ends by means of a readily removable bolt inserted at a point at about 0.80 m. above their lower ends which are filled with gravel over a height of say 0.50 m.
  • the stud shown at 13 in FIG. 8 and separate in FIG. 9, is held in position on the side engaging the tube 71) by a pin 14 while its head 15 is urged inwardly of the tube 812 'by a spring 16.
  • a cable 17 controlled from ground level is attached to the pin which allows tearing out said pin 14 whereupon the stud projected away from its former position by the spring 16 is recovered through the agency of the auxiliary cable 18. This is done after filling with concrete the first panel. It is then an easy matter to disconnect the bolt at the upper ends of the tubes so as to remove independently both the larger stop end and the key tube which leaves a panel of the shape illustrated on the left hand side of FIG. 6 in which a recess 8a has been formedv within the joint surface.
  • the recess 8b is formed by means of a key tube 712 inserted tangentially with reference to the recess 8a formed in the panel A, the axes of the two recesses lying in the medial plane of the wall to be executed. This is obtained readily by rigidly securing said tube 7b to a guiding tube which is introduced into the previously formed recess out of which the key tube 7a has been removed. To ensure the desired vertical centering and.
  • the tubes 7/) and 7c are secured together through a mere bolting at their opposite ends or in the case of deep pits in the manner described hereinabove by a bolt at their upper ends and a pin at their lower ends.
  • the lowering and subsequent removal of the tubes which are rigidly secured together are performed by means of a crane.
  • the lowering is performed again by means of a crane and the removal is obtained by the same means, but independently for the two tubes after release of the bolt pin and stud.
  • the guiding tube 7c should have a diameter slightly less than the tube 7a which had formed the recess 811 so as to readily enter said recess.
  • Cdncrete is then poured into the pit to form the panel B, the tubes 7b and 7c preventing the concrete from entering the corresponding recesses.
  • the tubes 7b and 7c are removed in the manner disclosed.
  • the cake extending over the walls of the recesses 8a and 8b is advantageously removed by an emulsifier. If this is not suflicient, each of the recesses is swept in its turn by flue brushes operating in the recesses in alternation with the emulsifier.
  • the shape then assumed by the joint surface C is that illustrated in FIG. 7 showing the recesses 8a and 81) opening into each other through the restricted opening defined by the concrete projections or tongues 12' which may be cut off by a boring bit.
  • An oval cross-section 12 being then obtained, concrete is cast into the dual recess defined by said oval cross-section after checking of the fluidtightness of said recess, cleaning thereof and laying if required of a suitable reinforcment.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate two stages of a modified operation adapted to ensure the assembly between the successive wall sections by keys or cores adhering to said sections.
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view showing the arrangement used for the casting of the concrete of a primary section A. After digging out of the pit which is to be filled with said section, I position in accordance with the prior method, the terminal tube 5 and furthermore, in accordance with a modification of my invention, one or more smooth tubes 5 to the rear of the tube 5.
  • a reinforcing cage illustrated diagrammatically by the iron member 23 is then caused to sink into the pit.
  • Said reinforcing cage may include a loop 24 extending to either side of the tubes 5' so as to hold them in position after the casting of the concrete and when the concrete has begun to set and the tubes 5 and 5' are removed.
  • FIG. 11 shows how the next section B or secondary panel may be cast.
  • one or more smooth tubes 5" are sunk into the pit after removal of the tube 5 and before any casting of the secondary section; said smooth tubes 5 may be guided and held in position by a loop 25 formed by a further reinforcing cage 26 adapted to reinforce the secondary section or panel B.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate a further embodiment which allows reaching a similar result.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view of the means resorted to in such a case for the filling of concrete into the primary section A of the pit.
  • Said means include in addition to the terminal tube 5 an elongated casing 29.
  • Said casing located to the rear of the tube 5 may be rigidly secured to the latter or else, as illustrated, it may be fitted on said tube through the agency of a slideway 30 along which it may slide vertically or again the casing may be independent of the tube and merely urged against it.
  • the tube 5 and the casing 29 are removed independently or else simultaneously if they are rigidly secured to each other.
  • FIG. 13 shows the means serving for the filling with concrete of the secondary pit section B.
  • an elongated casing 32 is inserted with a portion of its length engaging the recess formed in the wall element A by the then removed casing 29, the casing 32 being guided inside said recess.
  • the casing 32 may carry a butt joint projecting to either side thereof so as to engage the terminal surface of the wall element A.
  • the recess obtained at the location of the casing 32 may be cleaned as described hereinabove and filled with concrete after reinforcing irons have been inserted if required as in the preceding cases.
  • the method last disclosed ensures a connection between successive wall elements by means of a girder of reinforced concrete adhering perfectly to the concrete of both elements While the overlapping of its armatures with reference to those incorporated with the two :wall elements provides the actual mechanical continuity of the wall.
  • -I may use tubes or casings matching the outline of the wall to form the inner recesses.
  • the connecting girder may be located nearer the tensioned surface of the wall or else connecting girders may be formed in the vicinity of each surface of the wall.
  • My invention is applicable to all cases of execution of a wall or partition through methods which may dilfer from that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, since the stop-end tubes are not always essential in the case of coherent grounds as mentioned hereinabove.
  • I may execute the preliminary digging out of the ends of each pit section with tools other than ciroular boring tools, such as a shovel or a skip adapted to produce a flat transverse surface.
  • tools other than ciroular boring tools such as a shovel or a skip adapted to produce a flat transverse surface.
  • the recesses may be executed in any desired manner, for instance by means of yielding inflatable tubes. :It is even possible to fonm them after the setting of the corresponding successive lwall elements, for instance by boring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
US437668A 1964-04-27 1965-03-08 Method for interconnecting successive sections of walls and partitions cast in the ground Expired - Lifetime US3422627A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR972529A FR1402047A (fr) 1964-04-27 1964-04-27 Procédé pour la jonction des éléments successifs de parois et de murs moulés dans le sol

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JP (1) JPS4822924B1 (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
AT (1) AT289665B (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
BE (1) BE660486A (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
CH (1) CH428154A (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
DE (1) DE1297043B (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
ES (1) ES310588A1 (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
FR (1) FR1402047A (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
GB (1) GB1094719A (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)
NL (1) NL6505323A (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3759044A (en) * 1970-06-16 1973-09-18 Soletanche Method of earth wall construction using cementitious bentonitic mud
US3766695A (en) * 1970-07-28 1973-10-23 J Morner Sealing device for bounding concrete sections when making slit walls
US3796054A (en) * 1971-12-14 1974-03-12 U Piccagli Method for the construction of impermeable walls
US3798914A (en) * 1971-07-29 1974-03-26 Childs F Irwin Panel connectors for reinforced concrete diaphragm walls
US3851478A (en) * 1971-06-09 1974-12-03 British Railways Board Methods of controlling the flow of gases underground
US3990200A (en) * 1970-07-02 1976-11-09 Takenaka Komuten Company, Ltd. Apparatus for forming reinforced concrete wall
US4005582A (en) * 1975-08-12 1977-02-01 Icos Corporation Of America Method of constructing underground concrete walls and reinforcement cage therefor
DE2751972A1 (de) * 1976-12-08 1978-06-15 Konoike Const Verfahren zur herstellung einer verstaerkten unterirdischen bauscheidewand
US4266885A (en) * 1977-07-13 1981-05-12 Ohbayashi-Gumi Ltd. Method of constructing a continuous cut-off wall and a core of a fill-type dam
US4268192A (en) * 1978-09-11 1981-05-19 Raymond International Builders, Inc. Concrete wall construction
US4367057A (en) * 1977-09-08 1983-01-04 American Colloid Company Method of forming a foundation with liquid tight joints
US4453862A (en) * 1981-05-22 1984-06-12 Sondages Injections Forages "S.I.F." Enterprise Bachy Method for ensuring mechanical continuity between two adjacent panels of a reinforced concrete wall cast in the ground
US4465403A (en) * 1980-12-30 1984-08-14 Soletanche Method of constructing poured-concrete wall panels and wall thus obtained
US4673316A (en) * 1984-12-07 1987-06-16 Ed. Zublin Aktiengesellschaft Method for fabricating slotted walls with built-in thin-walled sealing elements
US4728226A (en) * 1984-04-10 1988-03-01 Finic, B.V. Method and apparatus for forming reinforced concrete walls with continuous steel reinforcement
US4741644A (en) * 1985-04-11 1988-05-03 Finic, B.V. Environmental cut-off and drain
US4784522A (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-11-15 Dennis Mraz Method and apparatus for effecting high pressure isolation of liquids
US4818144A (en) * 1986-11-14 1989-04-04 Dennis Mraz Flood isolation dam
US5106233A (en) * 1989-08-25 1992-04-21 Breaux Louis B Hazardous waste containment system
DE19905569C2 (de) * 1998-09-15 2003-11-20 Bilfinger Berger Ag Verfahren und Schalvorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hohlraumes in einer Dichtwand
EP2108753A1 (de) * 2008-03-26 2009-10-14 Gerhard Krummel Bewehrungsvorrichtung für eine Verbindung zwischen zwei plattenförmigen Wandelementen aus Beton, insbesondere aus Stahlbeton
WO2013007968A2 (en) 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 Coupland John William Diaphragm wall apparatus and methods
US10988911B2 (en) 2017-04-26 2021-04-27 Ccmj Systems Ltd Diaphragm walls
US11225769B2 (en) 2018-02-15 2022-01-18 Ccmj Systems Ltd Shear key former apparatus and method(s)
CN114411695A (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-29 梁军 地下式现浇连续墙施工方法及其连接结构

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DE1278362B (de) * 1965-12-09 1968-09-19 Holzmann Philipp Ag Verfahren und Stirnschalung zum Herstellen gewoelbter Stirnflaechen fuer die Betonierabschnitte von Schlitzwaenden
FR2474673A1 (fr) * 1980-01-25 1981-07-31 Soletanche Accumulateur souterrain de chaleur, et son procede de construction
DE3404073A1 (de) * 1984-02-06 1985-08-08 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Verfahren zum herstellen einer schlitzwand aus beton
DE3404074A1 (de) * 1984-02-06 1985-08-08 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Verfahren zum herstellen einer schlitzwand aus beton
NL8502301A (nl) * 1984-08-22 1986-03-17 Zueblin Ag Werkwijze voor het inbrengen en verbinden van membranen in sleufwanden en inrichting voor het uitvoeren van de werkwijze.
GB9204927D0 (en) * 1992-03-06 1992-04-22 Finic Bv Process for farming water-tight joint
US5871307A (en) * 1996-03-15 1999-02-16 Trevi Icos Corporation Pre-cast concrete panel wall
GB2354275B (en) * 1999-09-17 2003-11-12 Keller Ground Engineering Method of supporting foundations

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US784925A (en) * 1904-10-12 1905-03-14 Charles M Crawford Process of constructing water-tight masonry walls.
US1628933A (en) * 1925-11-11 1927-05-17 Arthur E Troiel Method of grouting
US2411011A (en) * 1942-01-26 1946-11-12 Arthur E Troiel Means and method of grouting
GB662458A (en) * 1949-02-15 1951-12-05 Norcon Ltd Improvements in chambers or tanks
US2644997A (en) * 1952-04-16 1953-07-14 Billings Frank Wall form
US2791886A (en) * 1950-05-30 1957-05-14 I C O S Impresa Costruzioni Op Method for the construction of a cut-off wall
US3310952A (en) * 1957-03-07 1967-03-28 I C O S Impresa Di Costruzioni Method for the construction of a wall in the ground

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US910252A (en) * 1907-08-19 1909-01-19 Lewis Wolfley Concrete piling and production thereof.
FR397135A (fr) * 1908-12-07 1909-04-29 Henry William Schlueter Genre de construction à emboitement pour l'établissement de docks, jetées, fondations de batiments et autres usages
FR755615A (fr) * 1932-06-17 1933-11-28 Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés pour la construction de murs continus souterrains

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US784925A (en) * 1904-10-12 1905-03-14 Charles M Crawford Process of constructing water-tight masonry walls.
US1628933A (en) * 1925-11-11 1927-05-17 Arthur E Troiel Method of grouting
US2411011A (en) * 1942-01-26 1946-11-12 Arthur E Troiel Means and method of grouting
GB662458A (en) * 1949-02-15 1951-12-05 Norcon Ltd Improvements in chambers or tanks
US2791886A (en) * 1950-05-30 1957-05-14 I C O S Impresa Costruzioni Op Method for the construction of a cut-off wall
US2644997A (en) * 1952-04-16 1953-07-14 Billings Frank Wall form
US3310952A (en) * 1957-03-07 1967-03-28 I C O S Impresa Di Costruzioni Method for the construction of a wall in the ground

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3759044A (en) * 1970-06-16 1973-09-18 Soletanche Method of earth wall construction using cementitious bentonitic mud
US3990200A (en) * 1970-07-02 1976-11-09 Takenaka Komuten Company, Ltd. Apparatus for forming reinforced concrete wall
US3766695A (en) * 1970-07-28 1973-10-23 J Morner Sealing device for bounding concrete sections when making slit walls
US3851478A (en) * 1971-06-09 1974-12-03 British Railways Board Methods of controlling the flow of gases underground
US3798914A (en) * 1971-07-29 1974-03-26 Childs F Irwin Panel connectors for reinforced concrete diaphragm walls
US3796054A (en) * 1971-12-14 1974-03-12 U Piccagli Method for the construction of impermeable walls
US4005582A (en) * 1975-08-12 1977-02-01 Icos Corporation Of America Method of constructing underground concrete walls and reinforcement cage therefor
DE2751972A1 (de) * 1976-12-08 1978-06-15 Konoike Const Verfahren zur herstellung einer verstaerkten unterirdischen bauscheidewand
US4266885A (en) * 1977-07-13 1981-05-12 Ohbayashi-Gumi Ltd. Method of constructing a continuous cut-off wall and a core of a fill-type dam
US4367057A (en) * 1977-09-08 1983-01-04 American Colloid Company Method of forming a foundation with liquid tight joints
US4268192A (en) * 1978-09-11 1981-05-19 Raymond International Builders, Inc. Concrete wall construction
US4465403A (en) * 1980-12-30 1984-08-14 Soletanche Method of constructing poured-concrete wall panels and wall thus obtained
US4453862A (en) * 1981-05-22 1984-06-12 Sondages Injections Forages "S.I.F." Enterprise Bachy Method for ensuring mechanical continuity between two adjacent panels of a reinforced concrete wall cast in the ground
US4728226A (en) * 1984-04-10 1988-03-01 Finic, B.V. Method and apparatus for forming reinforced concrete walls with continuous steel reinforcement
US4673316A (en) * 1984-12-07 1987-06-16 Ed. Zublin Aktiengesellschaft Method for fabricating slotted walls with built-in thin-walled sealing elements
US4741644A (en) * 1985-04-11 1988-05-03 Finic, B.V. Environmental cut-off and drain
US4784522A (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-11-15 Dennis Mraz Method and apparatus for effecting high pressure isolation of liquids
US4818144A (en) * 1986-11-14 1989-04-04 Dennis Mraz Flood isolation dam
US5106233A (en) * 1989-08-25 1992-04-21 Breaux Louis B Hazardous waste containment system
US5360293A (en) * 1989-08-25 1994-11-01 Barrier Member Containment Corporation In-ground barrier member interlocking joint and seal system
DE19905569C2 (de) * 1998-09-15 2003-11-20 Bilfinger Berger Ag Verfahren und Schalvorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hohlraumes in einer Dichtwand
EP2108753A1 (de) * 2008-03-26 2009-10-14 Gerhard Krummel Bewehrungsvorrichtung für eine Verbindung zwischen zwei plattenförmigen Wandelementen aus Beton, insbesondere aus Stahlbeton
WO2013007968A2 (en) 2011-07-14 2013-01-17 Coupland John William Diaphragm wall apparatus and methods
US9371623B2 (en) 2011-07-14 2016-06-21 Ccmj Systems Ltd Diaphragm wall apparatus and methods
US10988911B2 (en) 2017-04-26 2021-04-27 Ccmj Systems Ltd Diaphragm walls
US11225769B2 (en) 2018-02-15 2022-01-18 Ccmj Systems Ltd Shear key former apparatus and method(s)
CN114411695A (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-29 梁军 地下式现浇连续墙施工方法及其连接结构

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DE1297043B (de) 1969-06-04
ES310588A1 (es) 1965-07-01
FR1402047A (fr) 1965-06-11
GB1094719A (en) 1967-12-13
NL6505323A (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png) 1965-10-28
AT289665B (de) 1971-05-10
BE660486A (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png) 1965-09-02
CH428154A (fr) 1967-01-15
JPS4822924B1 (US06589383-20030708-C00041.png) 1973-07-10

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