US20180216261A1 - Bulky yarn - Google Patents

Bulky yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180216261A1
US20180216261A1 US15/745,559 US201615745559A US2018216261A1 US 20180216261 A1 US20180216261 A1 US 20180216261A1 US 201615745559 A US201615745559 A US 201615745559A US 2018216261 A1 US2018216261 A1 US 2018216261A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
sheath
bulky
fibers
loops
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US15/745,559
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English (en)
Inventor
Masato Masuda
Takashi Shibata
Hirofumi Yamanaka
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Assigned to TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC. reassignment TORAY INDUSTRIES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SHIBATA, TAKASHI, YAMANAKA, HIROFUMI, MASUDA, MASATO
Publication of US20180216261A1 publication Critical patent/US20180216261A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/34—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/162—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam with provision for imparting irregular effects to the yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/42—Chenille threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bulky yarn made of synthetic fibers, which includes a sheath yarn and a core yarn and has a plurality of loops.
  • Synthetic fibers made from thermoplastic polymers such as polyesters and polyamides have features that they have good basic characteristics such as mechanical properties and dimensional stability, and are excellent in the balance of such characteristics. Fiber materials based on these characteristics, which are obtained by spinning and are made to have various structural forms by high-order processing, are widely used not only in clothing applications but also in interior, vehicle interior, and industrial applications. It is no exaggeration to say that technological innovation has been made on the development of new techniques related to synthetic fibers based on a motivation to simulate natural materials.
  • Various technological proposals have been made to make synthetic fibers develop functions derived from natural complex structural forms. For example, some kind of synthetic fibers are made to develop a special texture such as squeaky touch and flexibility through simulation of a cross section of silk.
  • Another kind of synthetic fibers are made to develop a special color through simulation of the Morpho butterfly or the like. Moreover, water repellency is imparted to a fabric through simulation of the lotus leaf. Moreover, there is an effort to obtain a fiber structure having a soft texture and functions such as lightweight and heat retention properties of natural down.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses the following textured yarn. First, of two kinds of fibers used, only one kind of the fibers are supplied to a waist gauge while being swayed, and then the two kinds of fibers are collectively subjected to real twisting to form loops by the swayed fibers. After that, the fibers are untwisted by further being scratched with two discs or the like to provide a bulky textured yarn. The fibers are subjected to heat treatment at the same time with or after the untwisting step, or sheath yarns are fused to each other with a binder in order to strengthen the fixing of the sheath yarns. Indeed, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a possibility of providing a bulky yarn having loops of sheath yarns by adjusting the degree of yarn swaying or the like in accordance with a conventional technique.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of injecting compressed air to threads traveling inside an interlacing nozzle from a direction perpendicular to the threads to open and tangle the threads, so that the excessively supplied sheath yarns are fixed by the difference in the yarn length. Similarly to Patent Document 1, in Patent Document 2, it is possible to obtain a bulky textured yarn including sheath yarns having loop shapes.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses that a bulky fluid jet textured yarn having a loop portion made of polytrimethylene terephthalate (3GT) is less likely to suffer from entanglement owing to the elasticity of the 3GT fibers.
  • 3GT polytrimethylene terephthalate
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-open Publication No. 2011-246850
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-open Publication No. 2012-67430
  • Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-open Publication No. 11-100740
  • the textured yarn can possibly be used as a batting material if the binder is mixed in advance and the sheath yarns are fused to each other after the processing to fix the loops.
  • the loops may be partially broken or deteriorated. If the textured yarn is used as the batting, eventually, several to several tens of the yarns are bundled and filled.
  • the sheath yarns are broken in many portions to become fluff, and tangled with the sheath yarns of the nearby textured yarn, so that there are cases where the poor unwinding in the molding processing is caused or the process passability in the molding processing is deteriorated. Furthermore, since the sheath yarns are remarkably tangled with each other between the textured yarns, when the textured yarns are filled, the textured yarns give a feeling of a foreign body and impair the texture. Another problem is that fusion and fixing of the tangled portion gives a more remarkable feeling of a foreign body.
  • the size of the loops and the length of the sheath yarns forming the loops vary in the fiber axis direction of the textured yarn to form slack.
  • a sheath yarn having slack tends to be tangled with another sheath yarn, and there still remain problems such as the process passability in the high-order processing and that the portion where the sheath yarns are tangled with each other leads to a feeling of a foreign body.
  • the present invention provides a bulky yarn which is good in handleability in high-order processing, and has a soft texture and is light and excellent in heat retention properties.
  • a bulky yarn made of synthetic fibers including:
  • sheath yarn is not substantially broken and continuously forms loops.
  • the bulky yarn wherein the core yarn and the sheath yarn have a single yarn fineness ratio (sheath/core) in a range of 0.5 to 2.0,
  • the core yarn and the sheath yarn have 1/mm to 30/mm twist points in a fiber axis direction of the bulky yarn
  • the crimped structure of the sheath yarn has a radius of curvature of 2 mm to 30 mm.
  • the bulky yarn has a coefficient of static friction between fibers of 0.3 or less.
  • the following product can be mentioned as a product including the bulky yarn.
  • a textile product including the bulky yarn according to any one of the above items in at least part thereof.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention is suppressed in tanglement between the bulky yarns while having a loop shape, is good in handleability in high-order processing, has a soft texture, and is light and excellent in heat retention properties.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a bulky yarn according to an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a simulated view for illustrating a method for measuring a center line of a textured yarn.
  • FIG. 3 is a simulated view for illustrating a three-dimensional crimped structure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic process diagram schematically showing an example of a method for producing a bulky yarn of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view for illustrating a suction nozzle used in the method for producing a bulky yarn of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view for illustrating a discharge hole of a spinneret for a hollow cross section used in the method for producing a bulky yarn of the present invention.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention can be obtained by processing a multifilament, the bulky yarn and a material in the course of production of the bulky yarn may be referred to as a “textured yarn”.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention is made of synthetic fibers and has a bulky structure.
  • This structure is composed of a sheath yarn forming loops and a core yarn that is twisted with the sheath yarn to substantially fix the sheath yarn.
  • a feature of the structure is that the sheath yarn has a three-dimensional crimped structure.
  • the sheath yarn is not substantially broken. That is, the sheath yarn is a bulky yarn and is almost continuous. Moreover, the sheath yarn continuously forms a plurality of loops.
  • the synthetic fibers are fibers made of a high molecular weight polymer.
  • the synthetic fibers used may be fibers produced by melt spinning, solution spinning or the like.
  • a melt-moldable thermoplastic polymer is suitable for use in the present invention because such thermoplastic polymer can be used for producing the fibers used in the present invention by a melt spinning method of high productivity.
  • thermoplastic polymer examples include melt-moldable polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and copolymers thereof, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyolefins, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyamides, polylactic acid, and thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • melt-moldable polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and copolymers thereof, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyolefins, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polyamides, polylactic acid, and thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • polycondensation polymers typified by polyesters and polyamides are suitable because these polymers are crystalline polymers and have a high melting point, so that they are free from deterioration or fatigue even if they are heated at a relatively high temperature in the subsequent process, molding processing, and actual
  • the synthetic fibers used in the present invention may contain various additives such as inorganic substances including titanium oxide, silica, and barium oxide, coloring agents such as carbon black, dyes, and pigments, flame retardants, fluorescent whitening agents, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers.
  • inorganic substances including titanium oxide, silica, and barium oxide
  • coloring agents such as carbon black, dyes, and pigments, flame retardants, fluorescent whitening agents, antioxidants, and ultraviolet absorbers.
  • the bulky yarn according to embodiments of the present invention is composed of a sheath yarn 1 forming loops and a core yarn 2 twisted with the sheath yarn to substantially fix the sheath yarn.
  • the core yarn is a filament, and is preferably present in the range of 0.6 mm from a center line 3 of a textured yarn.
  • the center line of a textured yarn means a straight line connecting a pair of thread guides 4 on which a textured yarn of a fixed length is threaded.
  • a filament present within the range of a distance 5 from the center line of the textured yarn of 0.6 mm or less is the core yarn referred to herein, and serves as a supporting yarn for the loops of the sheath yarn.
  • the sheath yarn is also a filament, and is preferably protruded in a loop shape at a distance of 1.0 mm or more from the center line of the textured yarn.
  • the sheath yarn is responsible for the bulkiness of the yarn of the present invention.
  • the core yarn fixes the sheath yarn forming loops.
  • the twist points play a role of supporting loops of the sheath yarn which are a feature of the present invention, and are suitably present at a moderate period.
  • the core yarn and the sheath yarn in the bulky yarn have 1/mm to 30/mm twist points per 1 mm of the bulky yarn.
  • the number of twist points be 5/mm to 15/mm.
  • a photoelectric fluff detection device In order to define the core yarn and the sheath yarn and continuously evaluate the number of twist points and the number of loops per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the bulky yarn, a photoelectric fluff detection device can be utilized. For example, with use of a photoelectric fluff measuring machine (TORAY FRAY COUNTER), distances of 0.6 mm and 1.0 mm from the center line of the textured yarn are evaluated under the conditions of a yarn speed of 10 m/min and a traveling yarn tension of 0.1 cN/dtex.
  • TORAY FRAY COUNTER photoelectric fluff measuring machine
  • the sheath yarn having loops according to embodiments of the present invention has a protruding shape in the cross section of the bulky yarn as viewed from the longitudinal direction of the bulky yarn, and has larger loops than those of common interlaced yarns and taslan textured yarns.
  • the size of each loop means the distance 5 from the center line 3 of the textured yarn to the apex of the loop as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the size of the loop is measured by observing a bulky yarn of a fixed length threaded on the pair of thread guides 4 from the side surface, and measuring the size in the observed image.
  • a photograph of one randomly selected bulky yarn is taken so that 10 or more loops formed in the bulky yarn can be observed, and the distance 5 from the center line of the textured yarn to the apex of each loop is measured for 10 loops in the image.
  • Total of 10 sites per one bulky yarn are photographed, and the size of a total of 100 loops per one bulky yarn is measured up to the second decimal place in millimeters. The average of these numerical values is calculated, and a value obtained by rounding off the average to the first decimal place is taken as the size of the loops in the bulky yarn.
  • the distance of protrusion of the loops from the center line of the textured yarn be in the range of 1.0 mm or more and 100.0 mm or less.
  • the distance is more preferably 3.0 mm or more and 70.0 mm or less.
  • the shape of the loops of the sheath yarn is preferably a teardrop-shaped loop (teardrop shape) rather than an arched loop formed by general interlacing.
  • the twist point between the core yarn and the sheath yarn is not fixed, and the loop moves freely to some extent. Therefore, when compressive deformation is applied to such a yarn, the twist point will move. For this reason, the yarn hardly returns to the original shape after compressive deformation, so that the yarn having an arched loop may be disadvantageous from the viewpoint of durability of the bulkiness.
  • the loop of the sheath yarn since the loop is substantially fixed at the twist point with the core yarn, the loop of the sheath yarn easily returns to the original shape even after compressive deformation. Thus, this shape is suitable for exhibiting the bulkiness originally having resilience.
  • the teardrop-shaped loop has been thought to be disadvantageous from the viewpoint of suppressing the tanglement between the sheath yarns since the sheath yarns are fixed.
  • the three-dimensionally crimped sheath yarns suppress the tanglement between the sheath yarns. Further, the present inventors also found that the three-dimensional crimp and the loop shape can develop high bulkiness.
  • the sheath yarns are not substantially broken in order to satisfy the contradicting characteristics of both the bulkiness and suppression of tanglement unprecedentedly. It is particularly preferable that the sheath yarn be not substantially broken in the middle of the loop.
  • the textured yarn is photographed at a magnification at which 10 or more sections from a twist point between the core yarn and the sheath yarn to the next twist point (that is, each section is one loop) can be recognized in the longitudinal direction of the textured yarn, and observed for the determination. That is, for each of the 10 photographed images, the number of breaking points of the sheath yarn per 1 mm of the bulky yarn was counted for 10 loops. The average of the number of breaking points of the loops was calculated, and the average was rounded off to the first decimal place to give the number of breaking points of the loops (number/mm).
  • the sheath yarn according to the present invention is not substantially broken, that is, the sheath yarn is almost continuous in the length direction of the bulky yarn.
  • the number of breaking points is within this range, there is substantially no sheath yarn that has a free end, and it is possible to form loops that are not tangled with other sheath yarns.
  • the traveling thread may be slammed into the inside of the nozzle made of metal at high frequency to be broken or deteriorated.
  • the sheath yarn may be broken or the mechanical properties may be largely deteriorated. Accordingly, it is thought that the broken sheath yarn is wound around other sheath yarns or the sheath yarns are tangled with each other to promote the entanglement, resulting in constraining the structural form and high-order processing of the yarn.
  • these points are greatly remedied, and as described above, the effects produced by the three-dimensionally crimped sheath yarn can be sufficiently exhibited.
  • the sheath yarn responsible for the bulkiness has a three-dimensional crimped structure, and is not substantially broken and continuously forms loops.
  • the three-dimensional crimped structure in the present invention means a structure in which a filament single yarn has a spiral structure as illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the sheath yarns are selected, and the sheath yarns are observed with a digital microscope or the like at a magnification at which the crimp form of the sheath yarns can be recognized.
  • the sheath yarns are determined to have a three-dimensional crimped structure, and if not, the sheath yarns are determined not to have a three-dimensional crimped structure.
  • Fibers having such a three-dimensional crimped structure similar to a spring have resilience against elongation deformation and compressive deformation.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention exhibits comfortable resilience since the sheath yarn has such structure.
  • the peculiar resilience produced by the bulky yarn of the present invention develops a good touch of the filled material, and the sheath yarn supporting the filled material recovers the shape like a spring even after repeated compression recovery.
  • the bulky yarn is suitable also from the viewpoint of suppression of fatigue.
  • the size of the three-dimensional crimp of a latent crimped yarn which is obtained by common production methods, such as conventional side-by-side composite fibers and hollow fibers, is generally on the order of microns (10 ⁇ 6 m).
  • the size of the crimp in order to enhance the effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the size of the crimp be on the order of millimeters (10 ⁇ 3 m) which is larger than the above.
  • owing to such size of the three-dimensional crimp it is possible to freely control the bulkiness at the cross section of the bulky yarn viewed from the longitudinal direction of the bulky yarn as well as the resilience of the bulky yarn.
  • the spirally swirling spiral structure preferably has a radius of curvature in the range of 1.0 to 30.0 mm.
  • a radius of curvature in the range of 1.0 to 30.0 mm.
  • an image two-dimensionally observed with a digital microscope or the like is used in the same manner as in the above-mentioned determination of the presence or absence of the three-dimensional crimp.
  • the radius of a curvature 6 formed by a fiber having a spiral structure is defined as the radius of curvature.
  • the radius of curvature is more preferably 2.0 to 20.0 mm. When the radius of curvature is within this range, the sheath yarns come into point contact with each other while having moderate resilience against the compression of the bulky yarn in the cross section viewed from the longitudinal direction of the bulky yarn, so that the bulkiness having moderate resilience is exhibited.
  • the radius of curvature is particularly preferably 3.0 to 15.0 mm. When the radius of curvature is within this range, there is no problem in the long-term durability of the bulky yarn, and the effects of the present invention are positively exerted when the bulky yarn is used in clothing applications in which compression recovery is repeatedly exerted, particularly sports clothing used under harsh environments.
  • the single yarn itself has a three-dimensional stereoscopic form rather than two-dimensional bending that can be imparted by mechanical pushing, and has a spiral structure or a similar structure. Since these crimps have a form of fine crimps on the order of microns, the fine spiral structures mesh with each other, so that the entanglement is easily promoted.
  • the present inventors pushed forward the study focusing on the form of the monofilaments, in order to achieve suppression of tanglement between the bulky yarns which is one of the objects of the present invention.
  • a phenomenon completely opposite to the conventional recognition occurs when the sheath yarn is formed of a single yarn having a three-dimensional crimp on the order of millimeters. This is thought to be because the bulky yarns have a suitable excluded volume even when being made into a yarn bundle since the sheath yarns have a three-dimensional crimp on the order of millimeters, and the meshing between the sheath yarns is largely suppressed.
  • the sheath yarn in the bulky yarn of the present invention has a movable space depending on the size of the loops.
  • each loop has, around the twist point thereof, a relatively large hemispherical movable space having a radius of 1.0 mm or more.
  • the sheath yarns having a three-dimensional crimp which is overwhelmingly large in size relative to the fiber diameter come into point contact with each other and resile each other, so that each sheath yarn can exist alone without being tangled with other sheath yarns.
  • the sheath yarn in addition to having the movable space described above, the sheath yarn itself can elongate like a spring in the fiber axis direction. Thus, when the sheath yarns cross each other, the sheath yarns can be easily unwound by the application of vibration.
  • the three-dimensional crimp of the sheath yarn works effectively also from the viewpoint of bulkiness which is the basic characteristics of the present invention.
  • the point contact between the sheath yarns as described above produces an effect that the sheath yarns resile one another even within one bulky yarn, and not only the initial bulkiness but also the state where the loops of the sheath yarns are radially opened can be maintained even after the lapse of time.
  • the spring-like behavior of the sheath yarn of the present invention is difficult to achieve with a conventional merely straight sheath yarn.
  • the sheath yarn of the present invention forms loops and has a three-dimensional crimped structure also has an effect on the reduction of the coefficient of friction. As described above, this is the effect produced by the point contact of the sheath yarn with other sheath yarns, and is one of the effects produced by the bulky yarn having the unique structure of the present invention. According to the study of the present inventors, it is preferable that the coefficient of static friction between fibers be 0.3 or less in order to suppress tanglement between the bulky yarns while maintaining the bulkiness.
  • the “coefficient of static friction between fibers” as used herein is measured with a radar type coefficient of friction tester according to the method described in “coefficient of friction” in JIS L 1015 (2010) “Chemical fiber staple testing method”.
  • the standard specifies that a preliminary work such as opening of fibers should be carried out for the measurement.
  • treatment such as opening of fibers is not carried out, and the coefficient of friction can be evaluated by arranging bulky yarns in parallel into a cylindrical sliver.
  • the coefficient of static friction between fibers is preferably low since the texture is improved if the fibers moderately slide and move at the time of compression.
  • the coefficient of static friction between fibers is more preferably 0.2 or less, particularly preferably 0.1 or less.
  • the sheath yarn and the core yarn preferably have a single yarn fineness ratio (sheath/core) in the range of 0.5 to 2.0.
  • a range of the single yarn fineness ratio (sheath/core) in which the bulky processing can be efficiently carried out may be 0.7 to 1.5.
  • the core yarn and the sheath yarn suitably have the same single yarn fineness and the same mechanical properties.
  • these fibers be made from one kind of (single) resin.
  • the core yarn also have a three-dimensional crimped structure on the order of millimeters in addition to the sheath yarn.
  • the radius of curvature of the spiral structure of the core yarn is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 30.0 mm.
  • the radius of curvature is within this range, at the twist point of the core yarn substantially fixing the sheath yarn, there is an inter-filament void derived from the three-dimensional crimp of the core yarn.
  • the fulcrum of the loop can move in a limited space also in the longitudinal direction.
  • the movable space of the sheath yarn is expanded, and the effects of the present invention, that is, the suppression of tanglement and a soft texture, are more remarkably exhibited.
  • the core yarn elongates and the binding force at the twist point between the core yarn and the sheath yarn is increased, so that practically positive effects such as prevention of loosening of the loops and falling off of the sheath yarn can be exhibited.
  • the three-dimensional crimp of the core yarn can also be confirmed by observing a randomly collected core yarn in accordance with the evaluation method for the three-dimensional crimp of the sheath yarn as described above.
  • the radius of curvature of the spiral structure of the core yarn is more preferably 3.0 to 15.0 mm.
  • the radius of curvature is within this range, the bulky yarn is good in the long-term durability, and the effects of the present invention are positively exerted when the bulky yarn is used in clothing applications or sports clothing in which elongation deformation is repeatedly applied to the bulky yarn.
  • the core yarn and/or the sheath yarn used in the present invention be hollow section fibers. It is more preferable that the fibers having a three-dimensional crimped structure be hollow section fibers. This is because the hollow section fibers are advantageous in that the size of the three-dimensional crimp can be adjusted relatively freely from large to small.
  • the hollow section fibers are preferable.
  • the loops of the sheath yarn originate from the twist points with the core yarn, and are capable of protruding due to the rigidity of the sheath yarn.
  • the sheath yarn itself have a small mass. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the lightweight properties of the sheath yarn, hollow section fibers having a hollow rate of 20% or more are preferable.
  • the “hollow rate” is the volume fraction of a part of the fibers in which no material is present.
  • the hollow rate can be measured by the following method.
  • the sheath yarn or the core yarn is cut so that the cross section can be observed, and then the cross section of the fibers is photographed with an electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification at which cross sections of 10 or more fibers can be observed.
  • SEM electron microscope
  • 10 fibers are randomly selected and extracted, and the equivalent circle diameters of the fibers and the hollow portions are measured with image processing software.
  • the area rate of the hollow portions is calculated from the measured values.
  • the above-mentioned operation is carried out on the 10 photographed images, and the average of the 10 images is taken as the hollow rate of the hollow section fibers of the present invention.
  • the side surface of a hollow section fiber is observed with an enlarging means such as a microscope, and the fiber diameter in terms of the round cross section is obtained from the image. From the fiber diameter and the density of the fiber material, the rate of the measured fineness to the fineness of a non-hollow fiber can be calculated as the hollow rate.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention suitably contains more air.
  • the hollow rate is more preferably 30% or more.
  • the hollow rate is within this range, it is possible to feel better lightweight properties when a bundle of the bulky yarns is held.
  • a bulky yarn having such a hollow rate contains more air having a low thermal conductivity inside, it is possible to further enhance the heat retention properties. From such a viewpoint, the higher the value of the hollow rate is, the more suitable it is.
  • the hollow rate is preferably 50% or less in order that the hollow portions may be stably produced without being collapsed in the yarn-making step and the fluid processing step described later.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention has excellent bulkiness, and it is preferable that the yarn that constitutes the bulky yarn have moderate resilience.
  • the synthetic fibers that constitute the bulky yarn have a single yarn fineness of 3.0 dtex or more.
  • the filaments that constitute the bulky yarn have moderate rigidity, since deformation such as repeated compression recovery is applied to the bulky yarn when the bulky yarn is used as batting.
  • the single yarn fineness be 6.0 dtex or more.
  • the fineness means a value calculated from the obtained fiber diameter, number of filaments, and density, or a value of the mass per 10000 m calculated from the simple average of a plurality of measurements of the weight of the fibers per unit length.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention preferably has a breaking strength of 0.5 to 10.0 cN/dtex and an elongation of 5% to 700%.
  • the strength is a value obtained by drawing a load-elongation curve of a yarn under the conditions shown in JIS L 1013 (1999), and dividing the load value at break by the initial fineness.
  • the elongation is a value obtained by dividing the elongated length at break by the initial sample length.
  • the breaking strength of the bulky yarn of the present invention is preferably 0.5 cN/dtex or more in order for the bulky yarn to have process passability in the high-order processing step and to be capable of withstanding practical use, and the practicable upper limit of the breaking strength is 10.0 cN/dtex.
  • the elongation be 5% or more in consideration of process passability in the post-processing step, and the practicable upper limit of the elongation is 700%.
  • the breaking strength and elongation can be adjusted by controlling the conditions in the production process depending on the intended use.
  • the breaking strength is preferably 0.5 to 4.0 cN/dtex.
  • the breaking strength is preferably 1.0 to 6.0 cN/dtex.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention can be made into various fiber structures such as fiber winding packages, tows, cut fibers, batting, fiber balls, cords, pile, and woven, knitted, and nonwoven fabrics, and further made into various textile products.
  • the “textile products” can be used in applications such as general clothing, sports clothing, clothing materials, interior products such as carpets, sofas, and curtains, vehicle interior products such as car seats, daily necessaries such as cosmetics, cosmetic masks, wiping cloths, and health supplies, and environmental and industrial materials such as filters and products for removing hazardous substances.
  • the bulky yarn of the present invention is suitably used as the batting because of its bulkiness and effects such as suppression of tanglement.
  • the bulky yarn is preferably made into a yarn bundle of several to several tens of yarns, or a sheet-like material such as a nonwoven fabric.
  • the bulky yarn made into a sheet it is easy to fill the sheet into an outer fabric, and to adjust the filling amount depending on the intended use. For this reason, the bulky yarn is made into a thin, light material having heat retention properties, and there is no concern that the material comes out of an outer fabric. Since unnecessary sewing can be omitted, there is no restriction on the form of the textile product, and the textile product may have a complicated design.
  • synthetic fibers obtained by fiberizing a thermoplastic polymer by a melt spinning method may be used.
  • the spinning temperature for obtaining the synthetic fibers used in the present invention is a temperature at which the used polymer exhibits fluidity.
  • the temperature at which the polymer exhibits fluidity varies depending on the molecular weight.
  • An indication of the temperature is the melting point of the polymer, and the temperature may be set at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point to (melting point+60° C.) or lower.
  • a temperature of (melting point+60° C.) or lower is preferable because the polymer is not thermally decomposed in a spinning head or a spinning pack, and the reduction in the molecular weight is suppressed.
  • the discharge amount of the polymer is generally 0.1 g/min/hole to 20.0 g/min/hole per discharge hole since a discharge amount within this range allows stable discharge of the polymer.
  • a preferable indication of the pressure loss is within the range of 0.1 MPa to 40 MPa, and the pressure loss can be adjusted according to the melt viscosity of the used polymer, the specification of the discharge hole, and the discharge amount.
  • the molten polymer discharged in this manner is cooled and solidified, an oil agent is imparted to the molten polymer, and the molten polymer is taken up with a roller to be formed into fibers.
  • the take-up speed should be determined according to the discharge amount and the intended fiber diameter. In order to stably produce the fibers, it is preferable to set the take-up speed in the range of 100 to 7000 m/min. From the viewpoint of enhancing the orientation of the synthetic fibers and improving the mechanical properties thereof, the synthetic fibers may be wound up and then stretched, or the synthetic fibers may be stretched without being wound up once.
  • the polymer is stretched by the circumferential speed ratio between a first roller set at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature and a second roller set at about a crystallization temperature (second roller/first roller), and then the polymer is wound up on a winding machine.
  • a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement (tan ⁇ ) of the composite fibers may be carried out, and a temperature equal to or higher than the peak of the temperature/tan ⁇ curve (when there are a plurality of peaks, the one having the highest temperature) as a preliminary heating temperature may be employed as the first roller temperature.
  • a temperature equal to or higher than the peak of the temperature/tan ⁇ curve (when there are a plurality of peaks, the one having the highest temperature) as a preliminary heating temperature may be employed as the first roller temperature.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the synthetic fibers of the present invention is not particularly limited, and fibers having a general round cross section, a triangular cross section, a Y-shaped cross section, an octofoil cross section, a flat cross section, or an amorphous shape such as a polymorphic cross section or a hollow cross section can be obtained by changing the shape of the discharge hole of the spinneret. Further, there is no need to form the synthetic fibers from a single polymer, and the fibers may be composite fibers formed from two or more kinds of polymers.
  • the threads are easy to stably travel without blocking a nozzle or the like.
  • the core yarn and the sheath yarn are efficiently swirled, so that the loops have very similar shapes in the fiber axis direction of the textured yarn.
  • Heat-treating the textured yarn having the loops at around the crystallization temperature of the polymer makes the sheath yarn develop a three-dimensional crimp to give a bulky yarn.
  • the three-dimensional crimp of the sheath yarn develops satisfactory bulkiness both in the circumferential direction and in the cross-sectional direction of the textured yarn. It is preferable to control the three-dimensional crimp to a moderate level depending on the desired characteristics.
  • the fibers used be hollow section fibers made from a monocomponent polymer. Hollow section fibers have an air layer having low thermal conductivity at the center of the fibers. Therefore, a difference in the structure is produced in the cross-sectional direction of the fibers, for example, by discharging the fibers from a spinneret capable of forming a hollow cross section, and then forcibly cooling one side of the fibers with excessive cooling air or the like, or excessively heat-treating one side of the fibers with a heating roller or the like at the time of stretching.
  • the hollow rate is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more.
  • the method for producing a bulky yarn described herein as an example is roughly composed of two steps.
  • the first step is bulky processing in which a core yarn and a sheath yarn are twisted with each other with a fluid to form loops of the sheath yarn.
  • the second step is a heat treatment step in which the thread having been subjected to the bulky processing is subjected to heat treatment to make the sheath yarn develop a three-dimensional crimp.
  • a predetermined amount of synthetic fibers 8 as a raw material are unwound with supply rollers 7 having a nip roller or the like, and sucked as a core yarn and a sheath yarn with a suction nozzle 9 capable of injecting compressed air.
  • the flow rate of the compressed air injected from the nozzle should be such a flow rate that the thread inserted from the supply rollers into the nozzle has the minimum required tension and stably travels between the supply rollers and the nozzle and within the nozzle without swaying.
  • an indicator of the range in which the tension can be imparted to the yarn and the loops described later can be smoothly formed is an air speed in the nozzle of 100 m/s or more.
  • An indicator of the upper limit of the air speed is 700 m/s or less.
  • a propellant air jet stream injected at an injection angle (reference sign 16 in FIG. 5 ) of the compressed air less than 60° with respect to the traveling thread is preferable. This is because the loops of the sheath yarn can be uniformly formed with high productivity. Processing with a vertical air jet stream of a fluid injected at an injection angle of 90° with respect to the traveling thread is of course capable of producing the bulky yarn of the present invention.
  • processing with a propellant air jet stream is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing the opening of the traveling thread due to the injection of the air jet stream from the vertical direction, and suppressing the tanglement between single yarns in a narrow space in the nozzle.
  • the processing with the propellant air jet stream can also suppress the formation of arch-shaped small loops in a short period, which are easily formed in the case of the vertical air jet stream.
  • the injection angle of the compressed air be 45° or less with respect to the traveling thread.
  • the injection angle is particularly preferably 20° or less with respect to the traveling thread.
  • feeding in two installments refers to a technique of supplying the core yarn and the sheath yarn to the nozzle at different feed speeds (amounts) with separate supply rollers or the like. The turning force caused by an air stream described later is utilized, so that one of the yarns that is excessively supplied serves as a sheath yarn and forms loops.
  • the air speed means the speed of the air stream injected together with the traveling thread from the suction nozzle outlet. This speed can be controlled by the discharge diameter of the nozzle and the flow rate of the compressed air. Further, the yarn speed can be controlled by the circulating speed of the rollers which take up the yarn after the fluid processing nozzle. Since the turning force of the traveling thread increases and decreases depending on the speed ratio between the air stream and the yarn, in the case of strengthening the twist point of the intended bulky yarn, this speed ratio should be approximated to 3000. Alternatively, in the case of loosening the twist point, this speed ratio should be approximated to 100.
  • Varying this speed ratio for example, by intermittently varying the flow rate of the compressed air, or by varying the speed of the take-up rollers, can vary the degree of the twist point.
  • the air speed/yarn speed in the case where the bulky yarn of the present invention is used in applications in which deformation of compression recovery is repeatedly applied as in the batting, it is preferable to set the air speed/yarn speed to 200 to 2000.
  • the turning force is developed when the accompanying air stream gets away from the traveling thread.
  • a turning point 10 for changing the thread path is arranged.
  • the thread path may be changed with a bar guide or the like.
  • the thread is taken up at a predetermined speed, so that the sheath yarn is swirled around the core yarn to form loops.
  • the turning point of the traveling thread be located away from the nozzle discharge hole.
  • the distance between the nozzle and the turning point which is suitable for producing the bulky yarn of the present invention varies depending on the speed of the ejected air stream.
  • the turning point 10 is preferably present within a range in which the ejected air stream travels for 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 seconds.
  • the distance between the nozzle and the turning point is more preferably present within a range in which the ejected air stream travels for 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 to 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 seconds.
  • Adjusting the position of the turning point enables control of the period of the twist points of the bulky yarn of the present invention.
  • the twist points play a role of supporting the self-supporting loops of the sheath yarn which are a feature according to embodiments of the present invention, and are suitably present at a moderate period. From this viewpoint, it is preferable to adjust the turning point so that the core yarn and the sheath yarn in the bulky yarn have 1/mm to 30/mm twist points. When the number of twist points is within this range, it is preferable because even after the sheath yarn is three-dimensionally crimped, the loops are present at a moderate interval. Further from this viewpoint, it is more preferable to adjust the turning point so that the number of twist points be 5/mm to 15/mm.
  • a textured yarn 11 ( FIG. 4 ) having loops of the sheath yarn is preferably subjected to heat treatment after being wound up once or following the bulky processing for the purpose of fixing the form and developing the three-dimensional crimp.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a processing step of carrying out heat treatment subsequently to the loop forming step.
  • the heat treatment is carried out, for example, with a heater 13 ( FIG. 4 ).
  • An indicator of the temperature is the crystallization temperature of the used polymer ⁇ 30° C.
  • the heater used in the heat treatment step may be a general contact heater or non-contact heater. From the viewpoint of bulkiness before the heat treatment and suppression of deterioration of the sheath yarn, use of a non-contact heater is preferable.
  • the non-contact heater herein may be an air heating heater such as a slit heater or a tube heater, a steam heater for heating with high temperature steam, or a halogen heater, a carbon heater, or a microwave heater based on radiation heating.
  • the heating time for example, the time for fixing the fiber structure of the fibers that constitute the textured yarn, fixing the form of the textured yarn, and completing the crimp development of the sheath yarn through the crystallization should be taken into consideration.
  • the treatment temperature and time should be adjusted according to the desired characteristics.
  • the speed of the textured yarn may be restricted with a roller 14 ( FIG. 4 ), and the textured yarn may be wound on a winder 15 having a tension control function.
  • the wound shape is not particularly limited, and it is possible to employ the so-called cheese winding or bobbin winding.
  • a silicone oil agent uniformly adhere to the bulky yarn of the present invention before and after the heat treatment step.
  • a silicone film is formed on the sheath yarn and the core yarn by moderately crosslinking the silicone through heat treatment or the like.
  • the silicone oil agent include dimethylpolysiloxane, hydrogen methylpolysiloxane, aminopolysiloxane, and epoxypolysiloxane, and these can be used alone or as a mixture.
  • the oil agent may contain a dispersant, a viscosity modifier, a crosslinking accelerator, an antioxidant, a flame retardant, and an antistatic agent as long as the object of the adhesion of silicone is not impaired.
  • the silicone oil agent can be used without solvent or in the form of a solution or an aqueous emulsion. From the viewpoint of uniform adhesion of the oil agent, an aqueous emulsion is preferably used. It is suitable that the silicone oil agent be treated so that 0.1 to 5.0% by mass of the silicone oil agent can be made to adhere to the bulky yarn with use of an oil agent guide, an oiling roller, or a spray.
  • the silicone oil agent can be made to adhere in plural installments, and it is also suitable to laminate a strong silicone film by making one kind of silicone or different kinds of silicone adhere in plural installments. Forming a silicone film on the bulky yarn by the above-mentioned treatment improves the slidability and touch of the bulky yarn, and further enhances the effects of the present invention.
  • the mass of 100 m of fibers was measured and multiplied by 100 to calculate the fineness. This operation was repeated 10 times, and the simple average of the 10 values was obtained. The simple average was rounded off to the first decimal place, and the obtained value was taken as the fineness (dtex) of the fibers.
  • the single yarn fineness was calculated by dividing the fineness by the number of filaments that constitute the fibers. Also for the single yarn fineness, the value was rounded off to the first decimal place, and the obtained value was taken as the single yarn fineness.
  • a load of 0.01 cN/dtex was applied to a sample yarn so that the sample yarn would not be slackened, and the yarn of a fixed length was threaded on the pair of thread guides 4 as illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the side surface of the threaded bulky yarn was photographed with Microscope VHX-2000 manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION at a magnification at which 10 or more loops could be observed.
  • a distance 5 from a center line 3 of the textured yarn to the apex of the loop at the tip of the loop ( FIG. 2 ) was measured with image processing software (WINROOF).
  • a point at which a sheath yarn having a loop apex at a position of 1.0 mm or more from the center line 3 of the textured yarn crosses a straight line at a position of 0.6 mm from the center line 3 of the textured yarn was defined as a twist point, and the number of twist points per 1 mm of the textured yarn was counted.
  • the number of twist points (number/mm) of a total of 10 images was counted, and the average thereof was rounded off to the closest whole number.
  • the number of breaking points in 10 loops per 1 mm of the textured yarn was counted.
  • the number of breaking points (number/mm) of a total of 100 loops per one bulky yarn was counted, and the average thereof was rounded off to the first decimal place.
  • a sample having less than 0.2/mm breaking points was evaluated as a sample in which the sheath yarn is not substantially broken (described as “absent” in the description of the examples and comparative examples and in Tables 1, 2, and 3), and a sample having 0.2/mm or more breaking points was evaluated as a sample in which the sheath yarn is broken (described as “present” in the description of the examples and comparative examples and in the tables).
  • a textured yarn was observed at randomly selected 10 sites with Microscope VHX-2000 manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION at a magnification at which the crimp form of a single yarn can be recognized.
  • 10 core yarns and 10 sheath yarns were observed.
  • a yarn having a spirally swirling form was determined as having a three-dimensional crimped structure (described as “present” in the description of the examples and comparative examples and in Tables 1, 2, and 3), and a yarn not having a spiral structure was determined as not having a crimped structure (described as “absent” in the description of the examples and comparative examples and in the tables).
  • the radius of the curvature 6 ( FIG. 3 ) of a crimped single yarn was measured with image processing software (WINROOF).
  • the radii of the 100 core yarns and 100 sheath yarns randomly selected as described above were measured up to the second decimal place in millimeters, and the simple average of the measured values was obtained.
  • the simple average was rounded off to the first decimal place, and the obtained value was taken as the radius of curvature of the three-dimensional crimped structure.
  • the coefficient of static friction between fibers was measured with a radar type coefficient of friction tester according to JIS L 1015 (2010). It should be noted that no pretreatment such as opening was carried out, and the coefficient of static friction between fibers was evaluated by arranging samples in parallel into a cylinder.
  • a drum on which 500 m or more of a textured yarn is wound was placed on a creel, and the textured yarn was unwound in the cross-sectional direction of the drum at a speed of 30 m/min for 5 minutes.
  • the disarrayed yarn and yarn tangle due to the entanglement were visually confirmed and evaluated on the following four scales.
  • a drum on which 500 m or more of a textured yarn is wound was placed on a creel, and the textured yarn was unwound and wound into a skein having a length of 10 m in the cross-sectional direction of the drum with a measuring machine.
  • One position of the skein was fixed to prepare a sample for texture evaluation. The touch of the sample when gripped was evaluated on the following four scales.
  • the sample is excellent in bulkiness and flexibility, and has an excellent texture without feeling of a foreign body.
  • the sample has a good texture with bulkiness and flexibility.
  • the sample has bulkiness, and has a good texture without feeling of a foreign body.
  • the sample has no bulkiness, and has a poor texture with feeling of a foreign body.
  • PET Polyethylene terephthalate
  • each of two supply rollers was supplied with one hollow section yarn, and the hollow section yarns were sucked to the suction nozzle with one of the supply rollers running at a speed of 50 m/min and the other running at a speed of 1000 m/min.
  • compressed air at an angle of 20° with respect to the traveling thread was injected at an air speed of 400 m/s, and the thread was ejected from the nozzle together with the accompanying air stream so that the core yarn and the sheath yarn would not twist with each other.
  • the thread injected from the nozzle was made to travel together with the air stream for 1.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 seconds, and the thread path was changed with use of a ceramic guide to give a textured yarn having loops of the sheath yarn.
  • the textured yarn was then taken up with take-up rollers at 50 m/min.
  • the textured yarn was led to a tube heater through the rollers and heat-treated with heated air at 150° C. for 10 seconds to set the form of the bulky yarn and develop a three-dimensional crimp of the sheath yarn.
  • the bulky yarn was wound on a drum at 52 m/min with a tension control type winding machine installed behind the tube heater.
  • Example 1 The bulky yarn collected in Example 1 had a structure in which loops of the sheath yarn protruded by 23.0 mm on average from the center line of the textured yarn, and had the loops at a frequency of 13/mm.
  • the protruded loops were excellent in the uniformity of size and period.
  • the sheath yarn formed loops and was fixed by being twisted with the core yarn.
  • the core yarn and the sheath yarn had a three-dimensional crimped structure on the order of millimeters and having a radius of curvature of 5.0 mm. No broken site was observed in the sheath yarn, and the sheath yarn continuously formed loops. (Number of broken sites: 0.0)
  • the sheath yarn forming continuous loops had a three-dimensional crimped structure, the coefficient of static friction between fibers was 0.3, the bulky yarn had no problem in the unwinding properties, and the bulky yarn was smoothly unwound from the drum on which it is wound without causing any yarn tangle or the like (unwinding properties: B).
  • the bulky yarn had a good texture with bulkiness derived from the specific structure of the present invention (texture: B). The results are shown in Table 1.
  • a silicone oil agent containing polysiloxane at a concentration of 8% by mass was uniformly sprayed to the bulky yarn collected in Example 1 so that the final polysiloxane deposition amount would be 1% by mass with respect to the bulky yarn.
  • the bulky yarn was heat-treated at a temperature of 165° C. for 20 minutes to collect a bulky yarn of Example 2.
  • Example 2 due to the formation of the silicone film, the bulky yarn had a smoother touch than that of Example 1 did, and the bulky yarn had a pleasant glossy feeling as well as the bulkiness of the bulky yarn.
  • the bulky yarn had a coefficient of static friction between fibers of 0.1, which was found to be further lower than that in Example 1.
  • the form characteristics of the bulky yarn was roughly in agreement with the form characteristics in Example 1, and other functions were maintained.
  • the bulky yarn was also excellent in the unwinding properties and texture.
  • the bulky yarn was easily separable. That is, when 10 bulky yarns each having a length of 50 cm were cut and formed into a bundle, and both the ends of the bundle were held and kneaded or rubbed, the sheath yarns were not tangled with each other, and one bulky yarn was easily taken out of the yarn bundle.
  • Table 1 The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example Example 1 Core yarn Type of polymer — PET PET Single yarn fineness dtex/F 6.5 6.5 Hollow rate % 30 30 Sheath yarn Type of polymer — PET PET Single yarn fineness dtex/F 6.5 6.5 Hollow rate % 30 30 Fluid Feed speed Core yarn feed speed m/min 50 50 processing Sheath yarn feed speed m/min 1000 1000 Fineness ratio Sheath/core fineness ratio — 1.0 1.0 Nozzle Air speed m/s 400 400 Air speed/yarn speed — 480 480 Injection angle ° 20 20 Intermingling and — absent absent opening in nozzle Turning point s 0.0001 0.0001 (distance/air speed) Silicone Deposition amount % by mass 0 1 Bulky Loop Loop size mm 23.0 18.0 structure Twist point number/mm 13 10 yarn Loop breakage — absent absent (number of breaking (0.0) (0.0) points (number/mm)) Core yarn Three-dimensional crimp — present present Radius of curvature mm
  • Example 1 In order to verify the effect of the bulky processing of the present invention, the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that a nozzle whose injection angle of compressed air was changed to 90° was used, and no turning point of the ceramic guide was provided.
  • Comparative Example 1 since the core yarn and the sheath yarn were excessively tangled with each other at the same flow rate of compressed air as in Example 1, and stable yarn processing was difficult due to clogging of the nozzle, the air speed was reduced to 200 m/s, which was half of that in Example 1. As a result, the yarn became capable of traveling. Thus, the obtained textured yarn was collected, and the characteristics were evaluated (Comparative Example 1).
  • the size of the loops of the sheath yarn was smaller than that in Example 1 before the heat treatment, and the loops were formed in a very short period. Therefore, the textured yarn was heat-treated to be crimped, but the textured yarn was poor in bulkiness although the sheath yarn had loops.
  • the loop size was uneven, and a relatively large number of breaking points which had not been recognized in the textured yarn picked out before the heat treatment were observed (broken sites: “present”, number of breaking points: 0.5).
  • Comparative Example 4 before the heat treatment, small-sized loops and relatively large-sized loops were mixed. Although the core yarn and the sheath yarn contracted due to the heat treatment and a three-dimensional crimped structure was developed, the textured yarn was greatly reduced in the overall bulkiness as compared with Example 1. In addition, the unevenness of the loops before the heat treatment was promoted, and a site where the loops were partially slackened was observed. In addition, since the injection angle of the compressed air was large, the yarn was intermingled and opened in the nozzle, and the yarn was deteriorated due to scratching of the single yarn against the inner wall of the nozzle at high frequency. For this reason, after the heat treatment, the breaking points of the loops were partially observed although the textured yarn showed a small tendency toward improvement as compared with Comparative Example 3. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 4 The same operation as in Example 2 was carried out except that the feed speed was changed to 50 m/min for the core yarn and 500 m/min for the sheath yarn in Example 3, and 20 m/min for the core yarn and 1000 m/min for the sheath yarn in Example 4.
  • Example 3 the size of the loops was 12 mm and somewhat smaller than that in Example 2, but the yarn was excellent in the unwinding properties, and had a good texture.
  • Example 4 although the loop size was 59 mm and larger than that in Example 2, the loops had almost no slack. As for the texture, the yarn had flexibility and excellent bulkiness. Moreover, since the yarn had a structure in which the cutting and slack of the sheath yarn were also suppressed, the yarn was good in the unwinding properties. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • a stretched yarn having a different single yarn fineness and a different hollow rate (fineness: 78 dtex, number of filaments: 6 (single yarn fineness: 13 dtex), hollow rate: 20%) was collected by yarn-making so as to have a hollow rate of 20% with use of a different spinneret having 6 holes.
  • the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that the stretched yarn was used as a sheath yarn.
  • Example 5 due to the thicker sheath yarn, the rigidity of the loops was improved, and a bulky yarn excellent in resilience was obtained. Although the yarn was reduced in flexibility as compared with Example 1, the yarn had sufficient bulkiness. In actual use, the touch of the product can be adjusted by adjusting the number of yarns to be doubled, and the yarn was at a level without problem. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • a stretched yarn having a different single yarn fineness and a different hollow rate (fineness: 78 dtex, number of filaments: 24 (single yarn fineness: 3.3 dtex), hollow rate: 40%) was collected with use of a different spinneret having 24 discharge holes for a hollow cross section having 4 slits each 0.1 mm in width in concentric circles for yarn-making.
  • the same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that the stretched yarn was used as a sheath yarn.
  • Example 6 the loops of the sheath yarn were self-supporting due to the twisting with the core yarn, and the sheath yarn was thinner than that in Example 1.
  • the bulky yarn was excellent in flexibility.
  • the number of filaments of the sheath yarn increased and the radius of curvature of the crimp decreased (1.5 mm)
  • some disarrayed yarn was seen at the time of unwinding from the drum.
  • the disarrayed yarn was eliminated by adjusting the winding tension on the drum, and the yarn was at a level without problem in practical use. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • a stretched yarn was collected under the same conditions as in Example 1 with use of a different spinneret having 12 round holes so that general round section fibers would be obtained, and the yarn was spun while being excessively cooled from one side with cooling air at 20° C. in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • the crimp form of the collected stretched yarn after the heat treatment was loose as compared with that in Example 1, and the radius of curvature of the crimp was 28 mm.
  • the same operation as in Example 2 was carried out except that the stretched yarn was used as a sheath yarn.
  • Example 7 since the crimp form of the sheath yarn was loose, the loops of the sheath yarn had a tufted shape, and the yarn had an excellent texture having moderate resilience. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • Example 7 The same operation as in Example 7 was carried out except that the round section fibers used in Example 7 were used not only in the sheath yarn but also in the core yarn.
  • Example 8 since a loose crimp form of the sheath yarn was developed, loops of the sheath yarn formed a tufted structure.
  • the crimp form of the core yarn was loose, the binding at the twist point between the core yarn and the sheath yarn was weak, and even when a load was applied to the bulky yarn in the fiber axis direction, the sheath yarn was capable of moving laterally.
  • the yarn was sometimes tangled due to the lateral movement although at a lower frequency than in Example 7, but the yarn was at a level without problem in practical use. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • the core yarn was made with a spinneret for general round section fibers used in Example 7
  • the sheath yarn was made with a spinneret having a discharge hole for a hollow cross section having 3 slits each 0.1 mm in width in concentric circles used in Example 1, and the speed of the cooling air was changed to 20 m/min.
  • a stretched yarn was collected in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above-mentioned conditions. Both the stretched yarn for the core yarn and the stretched yarn for the sheath yarn had a fineness of 78 dtex and a number of filaments of 12, and did not develop the three-dimensional crimp form in the present invention even after the heat treatment.
  • a textured yarn was collected in the same manner as in Example 1 except that these stretched yarns were used.
  • Comparative Example 5 Although it was possible to form loops by providing a turning point outside the nozzle, the crimp of the sheath yarn did not develop even after the heat treatment, and the sheath yarn maintained the straight form. In addition, because the sheath yarn did not develop the crimp, the loop size was uneven as compared with that in Comparative Example 1, and the loops were partially slackened.
  • cooling air at 20° C. was blown to the thread at a rate of 20 m/min, the thread was cooled and solidified, and an oil agent was imparted to the thread.
  • an unstretched yarn was wound at a spinning speed of 1500 m/min.
  • the wound unstretched yarn was stretched 3.0 times between rollers heated at 90° C. and 130° C. at a stretching speed of 800 m/min to give a stretched yarn of side-by-side composite fibers having a fineness of 78 dtex and a number of filaments of 12.
  • a textured yarn was collected according to Comparative Example 1 except that the stretched yarn was used as a sheath yarn and the round section fibers used in Comparative Example 5 were used as a core yarn.
  • the sheath yarn developed a three-dimensional crimp form after the heat treatment, the sheath yarn had a very small radius of curvature of several tens of micrometers, and the sheath yarn was broken at some sites (broken sites: “present”, 0.4/mm).
  • the loops of the sheath yarn were greatly reduced in size as compared with the loops before the heat treatment due to the development of the crimp form, and the number of loops having a distance exceeding 0.6 mm from the center line of the textured yarn was small. For this reason, the textured yarn had a unique rubber-like touch, but did not have the bulkiness and flexibility which are the objects of the present invention.

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JP6696288B2 (ja) * 2016-04-26 2020-05-20 東レ株式会社 嵩高構造糸
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US20200325601A1 (en) 2020-10-15
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KR102611708B1 (ko) 2023-12-08
JP6103157B1 (ja) 2017-03-29

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