US20080115716A1 - Watercraft Having a Kite-Like Element - Google Patents

Watercraft Having a Kite-Like Element Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080115716A1
US20080115716A1 US11/661,851 US66185105A US2008115716A1 US 20080115716 A1 US20080115716 A1 US 20080115716A1 US 66185105 A US66185105 A US 66185105A US 2008115716 A1 US2008115716 A1 US 2008115716A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
watercraft
power transmission
hawser
transmission element
kite
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/661,851
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English (en)
Inventor
Stephan Wrage
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Skysails GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Skysails GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Skysails GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Skysails GmbH and Co KG
Assigned to SKYSAILS GMBH & CO. KG reassignment SKYSAILS GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WRAGE, STEPHAN
Publication of US20080115716A1 publication Critical patent/US20080115716A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/069—Kite-sails for vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2035/009—Wind propelled vessels comprising arrangements, installations or devices specially adapted therefor, other than wind propulsion arrangements, installations, or devices, such as sails, running rigging, or the like, and other than sailboards or the like or related equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
    • Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
    • Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watercraft having a kite-like element, which is connected to the watercraft by a hawser.
  • the kite-like element in one already known watercraft (WO 01/192102 A1), it is possible for the kite-like element to be connected to the watercraft by a plurality of hawsers.
  • the kite-like element is used to propel the vessel by wind, in which case this propulsion system can be operated exclusively by wind, or else the propulsion system uses the wind only to assist the mechanical propulsion system in order in this way to save fuel or to increase the speed.
  • the kite-like element can be controlled by the plurality of hawsers.
  • a plurality of hawsers have the disadvantage, however, that they must be hauled in and paid out individually in order to retrieve or to deploy the kite-like element.
  • the plurality of hawsers could also become entangled.
  • the cited document therefore also discloses a watercraft having a kite-like element of the type mentioned initially, in which only one hawser is provided, by means of which the stated problems are avoided.
  • a kite-like element is provided with adjusting devices which are supplied from the watercraft with power which is transmitted in or on the hawser.
  • Adjusting devices are therefore provided, by means of which the shape of the sail of the kite-like element, the incidence angle, opening valves, the reefing processes and the like can be changed or provided.
  • the control process can be carried out automatically by means of sensors provided on the kite-like element or, and this is particularly advantageous, by radio from the vessel.
  • a power supply is required for the adjusting devices. This power supply is now provided from the watercraft, to be precise in or on the hawser.
  • a power transmission element which connects the watercraft and the kite-like element is attached to the hawser.
  • the hawser is in the form of a tension-resistant power transmission element which connects the watercraft and the kite-like element.
  • the power transmission element may be an electrical cable.
  • the electrical cable may in this case, in particular, be a carbon-fiber cable.
  • the entire hawser could thus also be composed of carbon fibers.
  • the hawser braids lie parallel to one another and are held together only by a casing.
  • the braids can be electrically split in two so that one half of the braids is insulated from the other half, so that the carbon-fiber cable can be used for the forward path and return path of the electric current, and there is no need to provide any extra conductors.
  • the braids which are used to carry electrical power can also at least partially absorb the tensile force.
  • the cable is insulated by a casing.
  • the electrical cable is in the form of a hawser, then it can be provided with appropriate reinforcing cables or wires in order to provide it with sufficient tensile strength.
  • Electrical power can then be transmitted through this power transmission element from the watercraft to the kite-like element in order to supply it with electrical power.
  • the electrical cable can also be used to transmit control signals from the watercraft to the kite-like element.
  • these control signals could also be transmitted, for example, by radio.
  • the power transmission element is a flexible tube. A fluid can then be transmitted through this power transmission element to the kite-like element, acting on appropriate operating elements there.
  • the power transmission element in another advantageous embodiment is an optical waveguide, in particular a glass fiber. Light can then be transmitted through this power transmission element, and can be converted to electrical power by suitable transducers in the kite-like element.
  • the power transmission element and the hawser are combined to form a single element, then this results in less aerodynamic drag. Handling on the winch is easier than if a plurality of separate elongated elements had to be wound up or unwound. This also results in the hawser/power transmission element being lighter in weight.
  • the disadvantage is that the power transmission element and the cable must be capable of expanding to approximately the same extent and this must be true over the operating temperature range. If a flexible tube is used, this must not be trapped on the winch by the cable when on load, or while being wound up.
  • the power transmission element must be arranged such that it can slide with respect to the hawser. This can be achieved by a sliding layer, if the power transmission element is arranged within the hawser. If they can expand to approximately the same extent, the hawser and the power transmission element can be adhesively bonded to one another.
  • the power transmission element and the hawser are separated, but are connected to one another, expediently by brackets.
  • the advantage is that the power transmission element and the hawser may have different expansion capabilities, if the power transmission element can move relative to the hawser. If there is no need to take account of them having the same expansion capability, better material optimization is possible. In addition, maintenance can be better carried out.
  • the disadvantages are that the aerodynamics are poorer, handling on the winch is more difficult, and the weight may be higher.
  • brackets for attachment As an alternative to the use of brackets for attachment as mentioned, in which case the brackets are expediently secured against sliding on the hawser, attachment is possible, for example, by means of splicing, a Velcro strip between the cable and the power transmission element, bindings, fixed clips or sheathing (wear-resistant envelope).
  • splicing a Velcro strip between the cable and the power transmission element
  • bindings bindings
  • fixed clips fixed clips
  • sheathing wear-resistant envelope
  • the hawser and the power transmission element are separate elements, then it is important for the two elements to be able to move with respect to one another within certain limits. In this solution, it is highly advantageous for the power transmission element to move with respect to the hawser, and not vice versa.
  • the warping drum When a hawser and a power transmission element that is separate from it are used, the warping drum must be adapted such that it has two different radii, so that the hawser and the power transmission element can be rolled up in parallel on the same warping drum. In this solution, it is important for the power transmission element to be able to expand to a greater extent than the hawser, since the tensile load must not be exerted through the power transmission element.
  • the overall system must be optimized to the maximum ultimate load/working load, minimum expansion, minimum drag, minimum mass and maximum power transportation capability.
  • the power transmission element must be connected by appropriate contact elements for power transmission to the watercraft and to the kite-like element.
  • compressed air in particular dried and/or heat-compressed air, is particularly advantageous as the power transmission fluid, since, otherwise, moisture could freeze in the flexible tube which would not only increase the weight of the hawser but would also result in the risk of the flexible tube being obstructed, so that no more compressed air can be transmitted.
  • a combustible gas in particular hydrogen or methane
  • a fuel is then available in the kite-like element, and can likewise be used to provide a drive.
  • Methane could drive a fuel cell or internal combustion engine in the kite-like element or in a pod attached to it.
  • a high-density fluid that is to say in particular liquids, is less suitable for use as the power transmission medium since the corresponding fluid or liquid column in the flexible tube would be very heavy.
  • a winch is expediently provided for the hawser and/or for the power transmission element on the watercraft, and is provided with a guide surface or a guide plate in front of the warping drum, for alignment of the hawser and/or of the power transmission element.
  • Two, three or even more warping drums with one cable store are expediently provided, thus making it possible to ensure that the hawser, and the assembly formed by the hawser/power transmission element do not rub on the wall of the warping drum.
  • a looping angle of at least 450° can nevertheless be achieved, which is adequate for the tensile loads to be absorbed.
  • each warping drum expediently has its own emergency brake, which may expediently be in the form of a strap brake.
  • An adjustable disk brake can be provided for normal braking.
  • a cable store can be arranged behind the warping drums, and may be in the form of a drum, which is likewise driven and braked.
  • a double-start warping drum profile is expediently used, in order that the hawser and the power transmission element can be held in separate grooves matched to their cross section.
  • the power supply for the kite-like element can be used not just for adjustment.
  • electrical power can be transmitted, or can be generated in the kite-like element on the basis of the other power supply, in order to provide an operating voltage for control purposes, and for the sensors, etc.
  • a rechargeable battery is expediently provided in the kite-like element or in the pod, for storage of electrical energy.
  • Lightning protection and/or protection against electrostatic charging and discharging are thus expediently provided.
  • the lightning protection and/or the protection against electrostatic charging and discharging are/is however, not restricted to the situation in which a power transmission element is provided.
  • FIGS. 1-3 show cross sections through three different hawsers with an integrated power transmission element
  • FIG. 4 shows a winch with two warping drums
  • FIG. 5-6 show profiles of different warping drums
  • FIG. 7 shows a cable guide with three warping drums and a cable store
  • FIGS. 8-10 show flanges with sheaves by means of which a hawser/power transmission element are attached to the kite-like element;
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic illustration of the watercraft and of the kite-like element
  • FIG. 12 shows a detailed illustration of the overvoltage protection A in the pod.
  • FIG. 13 shows a detailed illustration of the overvoltage protection B on the watercraft.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hawser 1 (or its tension-resistant fiber structure) in which a power transmission element 2 is arranged centrally and is separated by a layer 3 from the main part 1 of the hawser.
  • the power transmission element 2 may be a flexible tube, in which case the element 3 is then the flexible tube wall.
  • the element 2 may, however, also be a cable, in which two semicircular conductors are separated from one another by insulation and are surrounded by insulation 3 .
  • the main part 1 of the hawser and the power transmission element 2 are surrounded by common envelopes 4 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a winch with two warping drums 5 , 6 which are connected to one another by means of a transmission 7 .
  • the warping drum 5 is in this case connected to a motor 8
  • the warping drum 6 is connected to a brake 9 .
  • the two warping drums 5 , 6 also have emergency brakes 10 , in particular in the form of a strap brake.
  • the electrical power supply is shown at 11 .
  • the warping drum 12 in FIG. 5 has a single-start profile for holding the hawser/power transmission element, which is in an integrated form.
  • the warping drum 13 in FIG. 6 has a double-start profile, in which the hawser is held in one of the profile grooves, and the power transmission element is held in the other.
  • FIG. 7 shows an arrangement with three warping drums 14 , 15 , 16 and a cable store 17 , by means of which the hawser 1 and the power transmission element 2 can be wound up and unwound.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 show sheaves 18 in order to indicate various possible ways indicating how the hawser 1 and the power transmission element 2 can be connected to the kite-like element which is not shown in the figures.
  • FIG. 11 shows a watercraft 21 , illustrated schematically, which has a winch 5 which holds a hawser 1 .
  • This hawser is connected to the control pod 22 of a kite-like element 23 .
  • This control pod 22 can be used to match the hawsers 24 for the kite-like element 23 to the wind conditions and maneuver conditions.
  • An enlarged illustration of the hawser 1 with the two conductors for an electrical cable ( 2 ) is shown in the circle 25 .
  • the control pod 22 is connected by means of cable insulators 26 to the hawsers 24 , in order in this way to provide lightning protection and protection against electrostatic discharges. Corresponding cable insulators may alternatively or additionally be provided between the control pod 22 and the hawser 1 .
  • the lightning or overvoltage protection is not restricted to these cable insulators 26 .
  • the electrical circuit A which is not shown in any more detail in FIG. 12 , is also provided in the control pod 22 .
  • the two conductors in the cable 2 are annotated “+” and “ ⁇ ”, and a voltage-dependent resistor 27 is located between them, whose resistance decreases as the voltage rises.
  • 28 and 29 denote surge arrestors.
  • a surge arrestor is in this case an element which acts as an insulator at normal operating voltages but, when relatively high voltages occur, dissipates or shorts them.
  • the surge arrestor may in this case be designed in a similar manner to a capacitor as a tube with a center electrode and a wall electrode, or as a flat capacitor element with two plates.
  • the two electrodes or plates are in this case arranged a short distance apart, which is sufficient for the element to act as an insulator at normal operating voltages.
  • a current then flows between the two electrodes or plates, thus dissipating the overvoltage.
  • the higher the voltage and, as mentioned, the lower the resistance of the resistor 27 the greater the amount of current which can be dissipated via the surge arrestor 28 , 29 without endangering the installed electronics.
  • the dissipation of the overvoltage is also shown at 30 .
  • the circuit B is arranged in the watercraft. 31 is in this case the supply line from the vessel generator, 32 is a fuse on the supply circuit for the cable walls 5 . 33 is a fuse for the overvoltage protection 34 . 35 is the ground, that is to say the vessel body or the water, and 36 is the supply line to the winch 5 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
US11/661,851 2004-09-06 2005-09-05 Watercraft Having a Kite-Like Element Abandoned US20080115716A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202004013841.7 2004-09-06
DE202004013841U DE202004013841U1 (de) 2004-09-06 2004-09-06 Wasserfahrzeug mit einem drachenartigen Element
PCT/EP2005/009530 WO2006027194A1 (de) 2004-09-06 2005-09-05 Wasserfahrzeug mit einem drachenartigen element

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2005/009530 A-371-Of-International WO2006027194A1 (de) 2004-03-20 2005-09-05 Wasserfahrzeug mit einem drachenartigen element

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/661,454 Continuation-In-Part US8056490B2 (en) 2004-09-06 2010-03-17 Watercraft having a kite-like element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080115716A1 true US20080115716A1 (en) 2008-05-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/661,851 Abandoned US20080115716A1 (en) 2004-09-06 2005-09-05 Watercraft Having a Kite-Like Element

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US20080115716A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1799541B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4694570B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR20070099537A (ja)
CN (2) CN1933934A (ja)
AT (1) ATE466764T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU2005281906B2 (ja)
CY (1) CY1110715T1 (ja)
DE (2) DE202004013841U1 (ja)
DK (1) DK1799541T3 (ja)
HK (1) HK1107315A1 (ja)
NO (1) NO20071009L (ja)
NZ (1) NZ553598A (ja)
RU (1) RU2374127C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2006027194A1 (ja)

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WO2010032251A3 (en) * 2008-09-19 2010-08-05 Shilat Imaging Ltd Aerial observation system
WO2012145529A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-26 Bond Lonnie Mark Calibrated mechanical winch and method of manufacture
US20130285377A1 (en) * 2010-08-05 2013-10-31 Michael Andrew Tattersfield Method And System For Harnessing Wind Energy Using A Tethered Airfoil
US20150041598A1 (en) * 2011-06-09 2015-02-12 Thomas J. Nugent Aerial platform system, and related methods
US20150125294A1 (en) * 2012-05-03 2015-05-07 Skysails Gmbh Aerodynamic wind energy conversion device and method for controlling such a device
US9452916B2 (en) 2011-04-20 2016-09-27 Zantho Tools Llc Electrically non-conductive calibrated mechanical winch and method of manufacture
CN107723491A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2018-02-23 北京九鼎通信设备有限公司 一种用于ic装备专用铸造铝合金的变质剂及变质处理方法

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DE102004018838A1 (de) 2004-04-19 2005-11-03 Skysails Gmbh Positionierungsvorrichtung für ein frei ausfliegendes drachenartiges Windangriffselement bei einem Wasserfahrzeug mit Windantrieb
DE202006005389U1 (de) 2006-03-31 2007-08-02 Skysails Gmbh & Co. Kg Windenergieanlage mit steuerbarem Drachen
PL2016284T3 (pl) * 2006-05-10 2013-02-28 Kite Gen Res Srl Urządzenie do wytwarzania energii elektrycznej i proces automatycznego sterowania wymienionym urządzeniem
NZ573912A (en) 2006-08-15 2012-05-25 Skysails Gmbh & Co Kg Launch and retrieval arrangement for a kite used in the propulsion of a ship
KR101315626B1 (ko) * 2006-09-14 2013-10-08 스카이세일즈 게엠베하 앤 컴퍼니 케이지 자유 비행하는 제한된 날개 요소의 조향 유닛
DE202011102743U1 (de) * 2011-07-04 2012-11-15 Skysails Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines gefesselten Flugelements
JP2017507782A (ja) * 2013-12-19 2017-03-23 ソルヴェイ（ソシエテ アノニム） アルミニウム合金のロウ付け用のフラックス
CN103818527A (zh) * 2014-03-10 2014-05-28 罗琮贵 船舶近距离避碰装置、伞、船暨方法
CN104816107B (zh) * 2015-06-03 2017-09-12 江西合纵锂业科技有限公司 中温型防腐蚀氟铝酸盐钎剂及其制备方法
DE102015111224B4 (de) 2015-07-10 2024-06-13 Skysails Gmbh Start- und Bergevorrichtung für einen Zugdrachen
CN108250801B (zh) * 2018-01-26 2020-08-07 西安文理学院 一种釉上彩用彩料及其制备方法
CN111390427B (zh) * 2020-04-21 2021-08-06 烟台市固光焊接材料有限责任公司 一种高性能的钎焊用胶黏剂组合物及其制备方法

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US3180090A (en) * 1961-06-09 1965-04-27 Western Gear Corp Control for automatic tensioning of hydraulic winch
US4102291A (en) * 1975-10-07 1978-07-25 Ralf Sebald Electrical generator for a sailboat
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US6918346B2 (en) * 2001-03-29 2005-07-19 Maurice Grenier Marine craft towed by a kite-type canopy
US6616402B2 (en) * 2001-06-14 2003-09-09 Douglas Spriggs Selsam Serpentine wind turbine
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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010032251A3 (en) * 2008-09-19 2010-08-05 Shilat Imaging Ltd Aerial observation system
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KR20070099537A (ko) 2007-10-09
NZ553598A (en) 2009-12-24
JP4694570B2 (ja) 2011-06-08
RU2374127C2 (ru) 2009-11-27
AU2005281906A1 (en) 2006-03-16
CN101090846A (zh) 2007-12-19
DK1799541T3 (da) 2010-08-23
EP1799541B1 (de) 2010-05-05
JP2008512290A (ja) 2008-04-24
CN1933934A (zh) 2007-03-21
EP1799541A1 (de) 2007-06-27
NO20071009L (no) 2007-03-28
AU2005281906B2 (en) 2011-06-16
DE502005009537D1 (de) 2010-06-17
DE202004013841U1 (de) 2006-01-19
CY1110715T1 (el) 2015-06-10
WO2006027194A1 (de) 2006-03-16
HK1107315A1 (en) 2008-04-03
RU2007112779A (ru) 2008-10-20
CN100542885C (zh) 2009-09-23

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