US20080039497A1 - Use Of A Hydroximic Acid Halide Derivative In The Treatment Of Neurodegenerative Diseases - Google Patents

Use Of A Hydroximic Acid Halide Derivative In The Treatment Of Neurodegenerative Diseases Download PDF

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US20080039497A1
US20080039497A1 US10/582,124 US58212404A US2008039497A1 US 20080039497 A1 US20080039497 A1 US 20080039497A1 US 58212404 A US58212404 A US 58212404A US 2008039497 A1 US2008039497 A1 US 2008039497A1
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hydroxy
pyridine
piperidinyl
oxide
propoxy
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Linda Greensmith
Geoffrey Burnstock
Rudolf Urbanics
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Zevra Denmark AS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/4523—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4545—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a six-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pipamperone, anabasine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
    • A61P21/02—Muscle relaxants, e.g. for tetanus or cramps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
    • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride in the treatment of neurodegenarative diseases.
  • AD Alzheimer's disease
  • AD is the most common neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of dementia (responsible for about 80% of all cases).
  • AD is characterized by memory loss, language deterioration, impaired visuospatial skills, poor judgment, indifferent attitude, but preserved motor function.
  • Alzheimer's disease symptoms appearing first as memory decline and, over several years, destroying cognition, personality, and ability to function. Confusion and restlessness may also occur. Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain are the distinctive characteristics of the disease, there is also a loss of nerve cells in areas of the brain that are vital to memory and other mental abilities. The disease usually begins after age 60, and risk goes up with age. While younger people also may get Alzheimer's, it is much less common. About 3 percent of men and women ages 65 to 74 have AD, and nearly half of those age 85 and older may have the disease.
  • AD Alzheimer's disease
  • cholinesterase inhibitors which research suggests, act to prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine, a brain chemical believed to be important for memory and thinking. Although none of these medications stops the disease itself, they can help delay or prevent symptoms from becoming worse for a limited time and may help maintaining independence for a longer period of time. As the disease progresses, the brain produces less and less acetylcholine, and the medications may eventually lose their effect.
  • Exelon and Reminyle are the most successful and marketed drugs of this class (See: Neurodegenerative Disorders: The world market 2002-207; a Visiongain Report; VISIONGAINTM, 2003; see also: Terry A V and Buccafusco J J: The cholinergic hypothesis of age and Alzheimer's disease related cognitive deficits: recent challenges and their implications for novel drug development; The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 306: 821-27, 2003; and Cummings J L: Use of cholinesterase inhibitors in clinical practice: evidence based recommendations; Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 11: 131-45, 2003.).
  • Ebixa a non-specific NMDA antagonist that is being marketed by Merz and Lundbeck
  • Aricept the reputed gold standard in treatment
  • Clinical trials have yielded positive results thus far (Mintzer J E: The search for better noncholinergic treatment options for Alzheimer's disease, J Clin Psychiatry 64, suppl 9:18-22, 2003; and Reisberg B et al.: Memantine in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease, N Engl J Med 348:1333-41, 2003.).
  • Another, until now controversial approach was the immunization as to develop drugs that is able to decreasing amyloid beta production, and clearing the amyloid deposits by immunization.
  • PD is the second neurodegenerative disorder in incidence and importance. Parkinson's occurs when certain brain cells in an area of the brain known as the substantia nigra die or become impaired. The exact cause of neuronal death is unknown, but oxidative stress and mitochondrial electron transport chain dysfunction—especially the decreased activity of complex I—is widely accepted. These neurons produce an important chemical known as dopamine, a chemical messenger responsible for transmitting signals between the substantia nigra and the corpus striatum.
  • tremor or the involuntary and rhythmic movements of the hands, arms, legs and jaw
  • tremor appears while the individual is at rest and improves with intentional movement
  • Gradual loss of spontaneous movement which often leads to a variety of problems such as “freezing”, decreased mental skill or quickness, voice changes, and decrease facial expression
  • Muscle rigidity, or stiffness of the limbs occurs in all muscle groups but is most common in the arms, shoulders or neck
  • Postural instability or a stooped, flexed posture with bending at the elbows, knees and hips
  • Gradual loss of automatic movement including eye blinking and decreased frequency of swallowing
  • Unsteady walk Depression and dementia.
  • Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), sometimes called Lou Gehrig's disease, is a rapidly progressive, invariably fatal neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells (neurons) responsible for controlling voluntary muscles.
  • the disease is the most common motor neuron disease, which is characterized by the gradual degeneration and death of motor neurons (Rowland L P, Schneider N A: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. N Engl J Med 344:1688-1700, 2001.).
  • Motor neurons are nerve cells located in the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord that serve as controlling units and vital communication links between the nervous system and the voluntary muscles of the body. Messages from motor neurons in the brain (called upper motor neurons) are transmitted to motor neurons in the spinal cord (called lower motor neurons) and from them to particular muscles.
  • ALS both the upper motor neurons and the lower motor neurons degenerate or die, ceasing to send messages to muscles. Unable to function, the muscles gradually weaken, waste away (atrophy), and twitch (fasciculations). Eventually, the ability of the brain to start and control voluntary movement is lost. Most people with ALS die from respiratory failure, usually within 3 to 5 years from the onset of symptoms.
  • ROS reactive oxygen species
  • hydroxylamine derivatives enhance chaperon expression in cells exposed to a physiological stress and are useful in the treatment of diseases connected with the function of chaperon system.
  • Various new categories of hydroxylamine derivatives are disclosed in this published patent application.
  • a certain class of hydroximic acid halides N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride belongs to is also defined but N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperdinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride is not mentioned explicitly.
  • N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride is first disclosed and claimed in WO 00/50403 as an eminent species capable of lowering insulin resistance. As stated, it is useful in the treatment of a series of chronic diabetic complications especially rethinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy and pathological decrease of neuroregeneration caused by diabetes while reducing insulin resistance in the patient. The chemical properties of this compound and details of the synthetic procedure of its preparation are also described in the said paper.
  • N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride in diabetic therapy especially in the therapy of type II (non-insulin dependent, NIDDM) diabetes is described in WO 03/026653.
  • the invention disclosed here relates to an orally applicable antihyperglycemic composition containing a combination of metformin and N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride as active principle.
  • the outstanding antihyperglycemic effect is based on synergism deriving from the combination of the two active agents.
  • N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride has biological properties making it useful in the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
  • N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride prevented the progressive loss of motoneurons and muscle function that normally occurs in this mouse model of ALS.
  • the invention provides a new use of N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
  • the invention provides a new use of N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prevention of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  • the invention provides a method of treatment or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases wherein a therapeutically effective amount of N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride is administered to a patient.
  • the invention provides a method of treatment or prevention of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis wherein a therapeutically effective amount of N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride is administered to a patient.
  • N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride relates to N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride as a free base, a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof formed with a mineral or organic acid as well as the racemic compound and each of the optically active enantiomers and mixtures of enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the optically active enantiomers or enantiomer mixtures.
  • N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride is preferably used in form of an acid addition salt. It is to be remarked further that optically active forms of this compound are preferable, especially (+)-R—N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carboximidoyl chloride.
  • neurodegenerative diesase refers to known types of neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) multiple sclerosis (MS), and various types of neuropathies.
  • ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • AD Alzheimer's disease
  • PD Parkinson's disease
  • HD Huntington's disease
  • MS multiple sclerosis
  • Transgenic mSOD1 (G93A) mice of both sexes were used in this study. All experimental animals were treated daily with compound A (10 mg/kg, i.p.) from 35 days of age, following a similar regime to that previously described by Zhu et al 2002 (Zhu,S. et al. Minocycline inhibits cytochrome c release and delays progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in mice. Nature 417, 74-78 (2002)).
  • Both transgenic animals and their wildtype littermates were anaesthetized with chloral hydrate (4% chloral hydrate; 1 ml/100 g body weight, i.p.), and the EDL muscles were prepared for in vivo assessment of their contractile properties and motor unit number.
  • the distal tendons of the EDL muscles were dissected and attached to isometric force transducers (Dynamometer UFI Devices) via silk threads. Both legs were rigidly secured to the table with pins.
  • the sciatic nerve was dissected free, and all its branches, apart from the nerve to the EDL muscle were cut. The distal end of the nerve was then stimulated using bipolar silver electrodes. The length of the muscle was adjusted until the maximal twitch was produced upon nerve stimulation.
  • Isometric contractions were elicited by stimulating the cut end of the motor nerve using a pulse width of 0.02 ms. Tetanic contractions were elicited by stimulating the EDL muscle at 40, 80 and 100 Hz for 500 ms.
  • the motor nerves of the EDL muscles were stimulated every 4 s.
  • the stimulus strength was gradually increased to obtain stepwise increments of twitch tensions, as individual motor axons were recruited.
  • the number of stepwise increments was counted to give an estimate of the number of motor units present in each muscle.
  • EDL is normally a fast muscle it fatigues quickly when continuously stimulated to produce a characteristic fatigue pattern.
  • the muscles in both hind limbs were stimulated at 40 Hz for 250 ms, every second for 3 minutes and muscle contractions were recorded.
  • motoneuron survival was assessed by counting the number of motoneurons in the sciatic motor pool in the ventral horns from cross sections of lumbar spinal cord. (White,C. M., Greensmith,L. & Vrbova,G. Repeated stimuli for axonal growth causes motoneuron death in adult rats: the effect of botulinum toxin followed by partial denervation. Neuroscience 95, 1101-1109 (2000)).
  • the mice were deeply anaesthetized (4% chloral hydrate, 1 ml/100 g body weight, ip.) and perfused transcardially with a fixative containing 4% paraformaldehyde.
  • the spinal cords were removed and the lumbar region postfixed for 2 h in the same fixative, cryoprotected in sucrose (30% in MPB) and frozen transverse sections cut on a cryostat at 30 ⁇ m and collected onto subbed slides. The sections were then lightly counterstained with a Nissl stain (gallocyanin). The number of Nissl stained motoneurons in both ventral horns was counted under a light microscope. In order to avoid counting the same cell twice in consecutive sections, motoneuron survival was assessed in the sciatic motor pool in every 3 rd section of the lumbar region of the spinal cord between levels L2-L5. Only those neurons in which the nucleolus was clearly visible at high magnification were included in the counts.
  • mice At 35 days of age mSOD1 (G93A) transgenic mice already show microscopic features of lumbar motoneuron degeneration, and by 110 days of age hind limb paralysis is manifest. The effect of treatment with compound A on hind limb muscle function as well as motor unit and motoneuron survival was assessed at 120 days of age when mSOD1 (G93A) transgenic mice are in the later stage of the disease.
  • EDL Since EDL is normally a fast muscle it fatigues quickly when continuously stimulated to produce a characteristic fatigue pattern.
  • the fatigue pattern of EDL muscles was examined in wild type, mSOD1 (G93A) transgenic and treated mSOD1 (G93A) transgenic mice. The decrease in tension after 3 minutes of stimulation was measured and a fatigue index (FI) calculated.
  • FI fatigue index
  • motoneuron survival was assessed by counting the number of motoneurons in the sciatic motor pool in the ventral horns from cross sections of lumbar spinal cord.
  • the number of motoneurons surviving in the sciatic motor pool of treated mSOD1 (G93A) transgenic mice was also significantly increased compared to their untreated-mSOD1 (G93A) littermates.
  • the compound of the invention is particularly useful in the treatment of ALS.
  • the dose of the compounds depends on the condition and the illness of the patient, and the daily dose is 0.1400 mg/kg, preferably 0.1-100 mg/kg body weights.
  • the oral daily dose is preferably 10-300 mg. These doses are administered in unit dosage forms, which may be divided into 2-3 smaller doses for each day in certain cases, especially in oral treatment.
  • the stereoisomer of the racemic compound most preferably the (+) enantiomer is used.
  • a smaller quantity of active ingredient within the above limits will be sufficient for the treatment.
  • the active substance can be formulated into the usual pharmaceutical compositions in a manner known in the art.
  • These pharmaceutical compositions contain, in addition to the usual auxiliary substances and carriers, N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl)-propoxy]-pyridine-1-oxide-3-carbox-imidoyl-chloride or one of its stereoisomers, or an acid addition salt of one of them, as active ingredients.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions can be prepared in the form of a solid or fluid preparation generally used in the therapy. Simple or coated tablets, dragées, granulates, capsules, solutions or syrups can be prepared for oral administration. These medicines can be produced by the usual methods.
  • the products can contain filling materials such as microcrystalline cellulose, starch or lactose, lubricants such as stearic acid or magnesium stearate, coating materials such as sugar, film forming materials such as hydroxy-methyl-cellulose, aromas or sweeteners such as methyl-paraben or saccharine, or coloring substances.

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US10/582,124 2003-10-30 2004-10-25 Use Of A Hydroximic Acid Halide Derivative In The Treatment Of Neurodegenerative Diseases Abandoned US20080039497A1 (en)

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HU0303584A HUP0303584A3 (en) 2003-10-30 2003-10-30 Use of a hydroximic acid halide derivative in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
HUP0303584 2003-10-30
PCT/HU2004/000098 WO2005041965A1 (en) 2003-10-30 2004-10-25 Use of a hydroximic acid halide derivative in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases

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US13/229,862 Expired - Fee Related US8962604B2 (en) 2003-10-30 2011-09-12 Use of a hydroximic acid halide derivative in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
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US (3) US20080039497A1 (no)
EP (2) EP2020233A3 (no)
JP (1) JP5077997B2 (no)
KR (1) KR20060103323A (no)
CN (1) CN1901913A (no)
AT (1) ATE409038T1 (no)
AU (1) AU2004285343B2 (no)
BR (1) BRPI0415625A (no)
CA (1) CA2544332C (no)
CY (1) CY1110450T1 (no)
CZ (1) CZ2006347A3 (no)
DE (1) DE602004016770D1 (no)
DK (1) DK1696922T3 (no)
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ES (1) ES2314458T3 (no)
HK (1) HK1097438A1 (no)
HR (1) HRP20080660T3 (no)
HU (1) HUP0303584A3 (no)
IL (1) IL175334A (no)
NO (1) NO20062401L (no)
NZ (1) NZ547216A (no)
PL (1) PL1696922T3 (no)
PT (1) PT1696922E (no)
SI (1) SI1696922T1 (no)
UA (1) UA86782C2 (no)
WO (1) WO2005041965A1 (no)
ZA (1) ZA200604376B (no)

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WO2016041561A1 (en) * 2014-09-15 2016-03-24 Orphazyme Aps Arimoclomol formulation
US10532085B2 (en) 2010-11-30 2020-01-14 Orphazyme A/S Methods for increasing intracellular activity of Hsp70
US10543204B2 (en) 2008-06-26 2020-01-28 Orphazyme A/S Use of Hsp70 as a regulator of enzymatic activity
US10898476B2 (en) 2016-04-13 2021-01-26 Orphazyme A/S Heat shock proteins and cholesterol homeostasis
US11253505B2 (en) 2016-04-29 2022-02-22 Orphazyme A/S Arimoclomol for treating glucocerebrosidase associated disorders
US11707456B2 (en) 2020-11-19 2023-07-25 Kempharm Denmark A/S Processes for preparing arimoclomol citrate and intermediates thereof

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US7384936B2 (en) 2002-01-11 2008-06-10 Cytrx Corporation Carboxamidine derivatives and their use in the treatment of vascular diseases
TW200831479A (en) * 2006-09-26 2008-08-01 Cytrx Corp Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating diseases
KR20110084514A (ko) 2008-11-18 2011-07-25 산텐 세이야꾸 가부시키가이샤 피리딘-3-카르발데히드 ｏ-(피페리딘-1-일-프로필)-옥심 유도체를 유효 성분으로서 함유하는 망맥락막 변성 질환의 치료제
HUP1100534A2 (en) * 2011-09-26 2013-04-29 Balazs Dr Hazay Pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of muscle atrophy
CN103804309B (zh) * 2012-11-09 2019-08-02 广州喜鹊医药有限公司 一种氯肟类化合物及其制备方法和在制药中的应用
BR112019024667A2 (pt) 2017-05-24 2020-06-16 Orphazyme A/S Uso de um agente bioativo, e, de uma composição
HUP1800298A1 (hu) 2018-08-30 2020-05-28 N Gene Res Laboratories Inc Gyógyszerkombináció béta-receptor blokkolók hatásának módosítására és a mellékhatások csökkentésére

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