US20060280597A1 - Rotating member, housing, bearing, gearbox, rotating machine, shaft structure, and surface treatment method - Google Patents

Rotating member, housing, bearing, gearbox, rotating machine, shaft structure, and surface treatment method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060280597A1
US20060280597A1 US10/560,131 US56013104A US2006280597A1 US 20060280597 A1 US20060280597 A1 US 20060280597A1 US 56013104 A US56013104 A US 56013104A US 2006280597 A1 US2006280597 A1 US 2006280597A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rotation member
housing
bearing
group
coating
Prior art date
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Abandoned
Application number
US10/560,131
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroyuki Ochiai
Mitsutoshi Watanabe
Takashi Furukawa
Akihiro Goto
Masao Akiyoshi
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IHI Corp
Original Assignee
IHI Corp
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IHI Corp, Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical IHI Corp
Assigned to MITSUBISHI DENKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA, ISHIKAWAJIMA-HARIMA HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. reassignment MITSUBISHI DENKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AKIYOSHI, MASAO, GOTO, AKIHIRO, FURUKAWA, TAKASHI, OCHIAI, HIROYUKI, WATANABE, MITSUTOSHI
Publication of US20060280597A1 publication Critical patent/US20060280597A1/en
Priority to US13/237,211 priority Critical patent/US20120009357A1/en
Assigned to IHI CORPORATION reassignment IHI CORPORATION CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ISHIKAWAJIMA-HARIMA HEAVY INDUSTRIES CO., LTD.
Assigned to IHI CORPORATION reassignment IHI CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MITSUBISHI DENKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/162—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for axial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially perpendicular to the rotor centre line
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1065—Grooves on a bearing surface for distributing or collecting the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
    • F05D2300/509—Self lubricating materials; Solid lubricants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/23—Gas turbine engines
    • F16C2360/24—Turbochargers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bearing for a rotation body, where, for example, a pulsing electric discharge is generated between a molded body molded from powder of metal compounds as an electrode and a rotation member at an engaging portion between a housing of a gear box and a rotation member of the gear box, and a coating of the electrode material is formed on the bearing by means of energy of the electric discharges.
  • the present invention relates to a shaft for a variable stator which is provided in a compressor of a gas turbine, a structure of a shaft of a variable stator of a variable turbine nozzle in a turbo charger and a method for surface treatment thereof, and more particularly to a structure in which a shaft is provided with a coating layer having anti-abrasiveness and lubricity and a method for surface treatment thereof.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view showing a schematic constitution of a prior accessory drive gear box 200 .
  • the accessory drive gear box 200 for driving equipments such as an electric generator and a hydraulic pump is provided with a housing 202 .
  • a rotation axis member (a rotation member) 206 integrally formed with a gear 204 is provided with interposing a roller bearing 208 such as a cylindrical roller bearing so as to be rotatable with respect to the housing 202 (for example, “New Aeronautical Engineering, volume 8, Jet Engine (Structure Part)”, published by Japan Aeronautical Engineers' Association, May 29, 2000, the 1st edition, the 6th printing, p99 FIG. 3-73).
  • a speed reducer and such a rotation member of which has greater revolution numbers than the accessory drive gear box 200 , there is known one using a fluid bearing instead of the roller bearing.
  • a compressor provided in a gas turbine is provided with a variable stator.
  • abrasion occurs at a shaft of the variable stator and a clearance therebetween comes to be greater, precision of a direction angle of the variable stator decreases, therefore the whole of the variable stator has to be detached and exchanged when the abrasion of the shaft comes to be great. Therefore, there is proposed a constitution in which a detachable abrasive sleeve is provided on the shaft for protection of the shaft and a wore abrasive sleeve is exchanged to a new abrasive sleeve when the abrasive sleeve is greatly wore (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2000-329139).
  • the fluid bearing has a problem that, if a film of oil does not transiently exist, the housing and the rotation member directly contact each other and hence durability of the bearing may deteriorate.
  • any gear box other than the accessory drive gear box and further any bearing of a machine or a device provided with a housing and a rotation member which is rotatable relative to the housing (the bearing between the housing and the rotation member).
  • the constitution disclosed in the aforementioned patent publication is a constitution as shown in FIG. 7 in which a shaft portion 147 of a variable stator detachably having an abrasive sleeve 145 is fit into a cylindrical bush 143 fit in a hole provided in a housing 141 and an antifriction layer 149 made of a material of low friction is provided between an outer periphery of the abrasive sleeve 145 and an inner periphery of the bush 143 .
  • the present invention based on a first aspect is a rotation member, wherein, in a rotation member rotatably or swingably engaging with a housing, a pulsing electric discharge is generated between a molded body molded from a metal powder or a mixture of powders of one or more of metal compounds or ceramics as an electrode or the molded body after being processed with a heat treatment and the rotation member in a processing liquid or a gas, and a coating of the electrode material or any substance combined from the electrode material by energy of the electric discharges is formed on an engaging portion engaging with the housing by means of energy of the electric discharges.
  • the present invention based on a second aspect is a rotation member, wherein, in the rotation member recited in the first aspect, a groove for pooling a lubrication liquid is formed on the engaging portion.
  • the present invention based on a third aspect is a rotation member, wherein, in the rotation member recited in the first aspect or the second aspect, the metal powder or the metal compounds or ceramics are Ti, Si, cBN (cubic boron nitride), TiC (titanium carbide), WC (tungsten carbide), SiC (silicon carbide), Cr 3 C 2 (chromium carbide), Al 2 O 3 (aluminum oxide; alumina), ZrO 2 —Y (stabilized zirconium oxide; stabilized zirconia), TiN (titane nitride), TiB (titanium boride), hexagonal BN (boron nitride), MOS 2 (molybdenum disulfide), Cr 2 O 3 , WS 2 (tungsten disulfide) and BaZrO 4 (barium zirconate).
  • the metal powder or the metal compounds or ceramics are Ti, Si, cBN (cubic boron nitride),
  • the present invention based on a fourth aspect is a rotation member, wherein, in the rotation member recited in any of the first through third aspect, a coating is formed in the pulsing electric discharge with rotating the rotation member.
  • the present invention based on a fifth aspect is a housing, wherein, in a housing with which a rotation member rotatably or swingably engages, a pulsing electric discharge is generated between a molded body molded from a metal powder or a mixture of powders of one or more of metal compounds or ceramics as an electrode or the molded body after being processed with a heat treatment and the rotation member in a processing liquid or a gas, and a coating of the electrode material or any substance combined from the electrode material by energy of the electric discharges is formed on an engaging portion engaging with the rotation member by means of energy of the electric discharges.
  • the present invention based on a sixth aspect is a housing, wherein, in the housing recited in the fifth aspect, a groove for pooling a lubrication liquid is formed on the engaging portion.
  • the present invention based on a seventh aspect is a bearing for a rotation member, wherein, in a bearing of a rotation member rotatably engaging with a housing, a pulsing electric discharge is generated between a molded body molded from a metal powder or a mixture of powders of one or more of metal compounds or ceramics as an electrode or the molded body after being processed with a heat treatment and the rotation member in a processing liquid or a gas, and a coating of the electrode material or any substance combined from the electrode material by energy of the electric discharges is formed on at least one of an engaging portion engaging with the housing and a engagement subject portion of the housing having a slightly larger inner diameter than an outer diameter of the engaging portion and engaged with the engaging portion.
  • the present invention based on an eighth aspect is a bearing for a rotation member, wherein, in the bearing for the rotation member recited in the seventh aspect, a groove for pooling a lubrication liquid is formed on at least one of the engaging portion and the engagement subject portion.
  • the present invention based on a ninth aspect is a gear box assembly, wherein, in a gear box driven by a turbine shaft of a gas turbine, the gear box assembly has a housing supported by an engine casing of the gas turbine at the exterior of the engine casing and a rotation member provided with an engaging portion engaging with a engagement subject portion of the housing and provided to engage with the housing by the engaging portion so as to be rotatable relative to the housing in the interior of the housing, and an inner diameter of the engagement subject portion is formed slightly larger than an outer diameter of the engaging portion, and further a pulsing electric discharge is generated between a molded body molded from a metal powder or a mixture of powders of one or more of metal compounds or ceramics as an electrode or the molded body after being processed with a heat treatment and the rotation member in a processing liquid or a gas, and a coating of the electrode material or any substance combined from the electrode material by energy of the electric discharges is formed on the engaging portion of the rotation member by means of energy of the electric discharges, and a groove
  • the present invention based on a tenth aspect is a rotating machine, wherein, in a rotating machine in which a rotation member is provided to be rotatable in a casing with interposing a roller bearing, a coating is formed at a portion of the rotation member engaging with the roller bearing and the coating is composed of an electrode material or any substance combined from an electrode material by energy of electric discharges where the electric discharges are pulsingly generated between a molded body molded from a metal powder or a mixture of powders of one or more of metal compounds or ceramics as an electrode or the molded body after being processed with a heat treatment in a processing liquid or a gas.
  • the present invention based on an eleventh aspect is a shaft structure for variable vanes for regulating a fluid, which is integrally provided with a coating layer including ceramics or ceramics and a solid lubricant having anti-abrasiveness and lubricity on a peripheral surface of a shaft portion provided in the variable vanes for regulating the fluid.
  • the present invention based on a twelfth aspect is a shaft structure for variable vanes for regulating a fluid, wherein, in the variable vanes for regulating the fluid recited in the eleventh aspect, the ceramics are ceramics including one or more of cBN, TiC, WC, SiC, Cr 3 C 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 —Y, TiN, TiB, and the solid lubricant is a lubricant including one or more of hexagonal BN, MOS 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , WS 2 and BaZrO 4 .
  • the present invention based on a thirteenth aspect is a shaft structure for variable vanes for regulating a fluid, wherein, in the variable vanes for regulating the fluid recited in the eleventh aspect or the twelfth aspect, the variable vanes for regulating the fluid is variable stator vanes provided in a compressor and/or a turbine in a gas turbine engine or a supercharger.
  • the present invention based on a fourteenth aspect is a method for surface treatment of a shaft of variable vanes for regulating a fluid, which includes generating a pulsing electric discharge between an electrode including ceramics such as cBN, TiC, WC, SiC, Cr 3 C 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 —Y, TiN and TiB or containing these ceramics and a solid lubricant such as hexagonal BN, MoS 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , WS 2 and BaZrO 4 and a shaft portion of the variable vanes for regulating the fluid, and forming a coating layer composed of electrode constituents or compounds combined in an electric discharge atmosphere having anti-abrasiveness and lubricity on a surface of the shaft portion.
  • ceramics such as cBN, TiC, WC, SiC, Cr 3 C 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 —Y, TiN and TiB or containing these ceramics and a solid lubricant such as hexagonal BN
  • the present invention based on a fifteenth aspect is a method for surface treatment, wherein, in the method for the surface treatment recited in the fourteenth aspect, the coating layer is formed with rotating the shaft of the variable vanes for regulating the fluid.
  • FIG. 1 A cross sectional view showing a schematic constitution of an accessory drive gear box in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 A view showing a IIA-IIB cross section in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 An explanatory drawing for embodying the present invention as variable vanes in a shaft portion of a variable stator provided in a compressor of a gas turbine engine.
  • FIG. 4 An explanatory drawing explaining a case of forming a coating layer having anti-abrasiveness and lubricity on the shaft of the variable vanes.
  • FIG. 5 An explanatory drawing showing a constitution of the coating layer.
  • FIG. 6 A cross sectional view showing a schematic constitution of a prior accessory drive gear box.
  • FIG. 7 An explanatory drawing showing a constitution of a shaft portion of a variable stator.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing a schematic constitution of an accessory drive gear box in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 2 is a view showing a IIA-IIB cross section in FIG. 1 .
  • An accessory drive gear box (it may be referred to as “gear box” hereinafter.) 1 is a gear box driven by a turbine shaft of a gas turbine and used for driving equipments (such as an electric generator and a hydraulic pump) of the gas turbine.
  • the accessory drive gear box 1 is provided with a housing 3 , which is supported at the exterior of an engine casing of the gas turbine by the engine casing. Meanwhile, the engine casing is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to be provided with a compressor and a turbine in the interior thereof and form a gas flow path.
  • a cylindrical rotation member 5 having electric conductivity is provided in the interior of the housing 3 so as to be rotatable with respect to the housing 3 .
  • a gear 7 is integrally provided at a medium portion with respect to a lengthwise direction of the rotation member 5 .
  • Respective gears 9 and 11 which is provided integrally with the other rotation members (not shown) provided to be rotatable with respect to the housing 3 , engage with the gear 7 .
  • the rotation member 5 is made to receive a rotational force of the turbine shaft of the gas turbine via the respective gears 9 and 7 so as to rotate.
  • not-shown equipments such as an electric generator and a hydraulic pump are coupled with the rotation member 5 and rotation of the rotating member 5 makes the electric generator generate electricity and the hydraulic pump generate hydraulic pressure.
  • the gear 7 and the gear 11 are capable of making the other rotation members rotate.
  • an engaging portion 15 formed in a cylindrical side surface and engaged with a engagement subject portion (an opening of a cylindrical side surface shape) 13 of the housing 3 is provided. Further, by engaging at the engaging portion 15 , the rotation member 5 is rotatable with respect to the housing 3 in the interior of the housing 3 .
  • An inner diameter D 1 of the engagement subject portion 13 of the housing 3 is formed to be slightly larger than an outer diameter D 3 of the engaging portion 15 of the rotation member 5 and plural grooves 13 A for pooling a lubricating liquid such as a lubricating oil are formed on a surface of the engagement subject portion 13 of the housing 3 .
  • the respective grooves 13 A are provided to be long in the lengthwise direction of the rotation member 5 and disposed at positions equally dividing a circumference of the engagement subject portion 13 of the cylindrical side surface shape. Meanwhile, the respective grooves 13 A may be provided at the engaging portion 15 of the rotation member 5 .
  • the lubricating liquid such as the lubricating oil is supplied by a pump (now shown) driven by the rotational force of the rotation member 5 for example and, by the supplied lubricating liquid, a thin coating of the lubricating liquid is formed at a space (a narrow clearance) 17 between the engagement subject portion 13 of the housing 3 and the engaging portion 15 of the rotation member 5 so as to form a fluid bearing.
  • the supply of the lubricating liquid to the grooves 13 A by the pump is carried out by, for example, using a through hole (not shown) provided in the housing 3 , one end portion of which is linked with the grooves 13 A and another end portion of which is linked with an electric discharge port of the pump via a pipe (not shown) for supplying the lubricating liquid. Furthermore, the lubricating liquid supplied to the grooves 13 A returns to the interior of the housing 3 and is again supplied to the grooves 13 A by the pump.
  • the housing 3 is provided with a hole 3 A to engage with an outer peripheral portion 19 A of a cylindrical bush 19 to support the bush 19 . Further, by inserting the bush 19 into the hole 3 A of the housing 3 to be fixed, the engagement subject portion 13 of the housing 3 is formed by an inner peripheral portion 19 B of the bush 19 .
  • the bush 19 is composed of a white metal or such and the housing 3 can be composed of any material lower in price than the white metal, thereby a production cost of the gear box 1 can be reduced.
  • the rotation member 5 is provided with a flange 5 A and one end face 5 B of the flange 5 A is opposed to planar one end face 19 C in the lengthwise direction of the bush. Moreover, the end face 5 B and the end face 19 C are slightly separated so as to form a space (a narrow clearance) 21 .
  • the engagement subject portion 13 may be referred to as an engagement subject portion in a radial direction
  • the end face 5 B may be referred to as an engaging portion in the thrust direction
  • the end face 19 C may be referred to as an engagement subject portion in the thrust direction.
  • a fluid bearing similar to the left side is formed at another end portion in the lengthwise direction of the rotation member 5 (one end portion at the right side of FIG. 1 ).
  • the hard, or small in the coefficient of friction, coating is formed on the surface of the engaging portion 15 .
  • the coating is formed by making a member formed by a molded body as an electrode, making the electrode close to (for example in closeness about 0.02 mm) the engaging portion 15 of the rotation member 5 , generating pulsing small electric discharges between the electrode and the engaging portion 15 of the rotation member 5 in a processing liquid or gas, and gradually depositing the electrode material on the engaging portion 15 by means of its energy.
  • an electrode for deposition which is formed from fine-powder-like ceramic, surfaces of which is coated with a material having electric conductivity, is used.
  • a processing liquid containing alkane hydrocarbons such as kerosene
  • a coating of substances reacted by means of energy of the electric discharge for example, a substance composed of SiC or TiC
  • an electrode formed of metallic Si (a crystal of Si without having any cavities therein) may be used.
  • a roller bearing is deleted and a fluid bearing is formed instead. Further, hard, or of low friction, coating is formed at the engaging portion 15 of the rotation member 5 .
  • the coating is composed of deposited layers gradually formed by reciprocally carrying out small welding by the electric discharges, gradient alloy layers are formed in a thickness direction of the coating and cohesive strength between the coating and a main body portion of the rotation member 5 is hence strengthened, thereby the coating is unlikely to peel off from the main body portion of the rotation member 5 .
  • durability can be made higher as compared with the prior fluid bearing and it can be installed in a smaller space (a space smaller in a radial direction of the rotation member 5 ) as compared with the prior roller bearing. Because of capability of installation in a small space, a freedom of design at a time of designing the bearing increases.
  • roller bearing comes to be unnecessary, installation is made easier and the production cost can be reduced.
  • the film of the lubricating liquid between the engaging portion 15 of the rotation member 5 and the engagement subject portion 13 of the housing 3 comes to be unlikely to be broken and hence the durability of the bearing is further improved.
  • the engagement subject portion 13 and the grooves 13 A maybe directly, without using the bush 19 , formed in the housing 3 .
  • the pump may be deleted to supply the lubricating liquid to the space 17 between the engaging portion 15 and the engagement subject portion 13 and to the space 21 by, for example, pooling an appropriate amount of the lubricating liquid in the housing 3 and stirring the lubricating liquid by the gear 7 of the rotation member 5 .
  • the coating maybe formed on the engagement subject portion 13 of the housing 3 .
  • the formation of the coating is carried out after formation of the grooves 13 A on the engagement subject portion 13 of the housing 3 .
  • coatings from the electrode are preferably formed on the end face 5 B and the end face 19 C in the same way as the case of the engaging portion 15 and the engagement subject portion 13 .
  • the coatings may be formed porous. As so formed, the coatings in themselves come to be capable of storing the lubricating liquid and hence any damages such as galling which may happen to the bearing come to be unlikely to happen.
  • the present embodiment may be applied to any gear boxes other than the accessory gear box and further applied to a bearing of a machine or a device provided with a housing and a rotation member rotatable with respect to the housing (the bearing provided between the housing and the rotation member).
  • the turbine of the gas turbine (the gas turbine engine) and the rotation member of the rotating machine are rotatably provided in the engine casing of the gas turbine with the interposed roller bearings
  • coating from the electrode may be treated on surfaces of regions of the rotation member of the rotating machine such as a turbine or a compressor of a gas turbine, where the inner ring of the roller bearing engages.
  • the coating may be formed on surfaces of regions where the rollers and such of the roller bearing contacts.
  • any damages such as galling in a case of installing the rotation member of the rotating machine such as the turbine and the compressor of the gas turbine and the roller bearing and wear in a case of driving the gas turbine can be prevented.
  • variable stator vanes (variable vanes) 101 an installation angle of which can be changed, are disposed in a ring-like air flow path of the axial-flow compressor in the gas turbine among rows of rotor blades (not shown) at even intervals (only one of them shown in FIG. 3 ) in a circumferential direction, and shaft portions 103 at outer tip sides with respect to the variable stator vanes 101 are rotatably supported by boss portions 107 of the casing 105 via bushes 109 .
  • Shaft portions 111 provided at inner tip sides of the variable stator vanes 101 are swingably supported by boss portions 115 provided at circular bearing members 113 , which enclose a rotor (not shown) provided with the rotor blades in the axial-flow compressor.
  • arms 117 which are long in directions perpendicular to the shaft portions 103 are installed to the shaft portions 103 at the outer tip sides and distal end sides of the arms 117 are pivotally connected with connection portions provided with ring members (not shown) enclosing the casing 105 .
  • outer peripheral surfaces of the shaft portions 103 and 111 are provided with coating layers 119 having lubricity as well as anti-abrasiveness.
  • the coating layers 119 are so constituted as to contain ceramics such as cBN, TiC, WC, SiC, Cr 3 C 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 —Y, TiN, TiB so as to improve the anti-abrasiveness and hexagonal BN, MOS 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , WS 2 and BaZrO 4 so as to improve the lubricity.
  • the coating layers 119 are formed in a following manner. More specifically, mixing powder of Ti (about 10%) for assuring electric conductivity, powder of TiC (about 40%) as an example of the ceramics having anti-abrasiveness and powder of hexagonal BN (about 50%) as an example of a lubricant material having lubricity; and compressing and molding them for example are carried out to form a molded body electrode 121 (see FIG. 4 ).
  • This molded body electrode 121 is preferably subject to heat treatment after compression and molding so as to be temporarily sintered at temperatures below the sintering temperature.
  • a pulsing electric discharge is generated therebetween in a processing tank (not shown) of an electric spark machine (not shown) and then electrode constituents of the molded body electrode 121 or compounds combined in the electric discharge atmosphere move to the shaft portions 103 and 111 as basic materials and are deposited on the surfaces of the shaft portions 103 and 111 to form the coating layers 119 .
  • the coating layers 119 contain TiC and hexagonal BN and the anti-abrasiveness and the lubricity are improved.
  • the electrode 121 a molded body electrode wherein powder of Ti and powder of hexagonal BN are mixed, compressed and molded, or an electrode wherein the appropriate heat treatment for temporary sintering is carried out, can be used. In these cases, if a pulsing electric discharge happens between the molded body electrode 121 and the shaft portions 103 and 111 , any carbides in the processing liquid in the processing tank of the electric spark machine and a part of Ti are combined to form TiC as a compound.
  • the electrode 121 may be molded by slurry pouring, MIM (Metal Injection molding),spray forming (forming by spraying) or such.
  • the coating layers 119 lead to that diffusion-penetration layers 119 A in which TiC and hexagonal BN from the electrode material diffuse and penetrate to several, m depth from the base material surface are formed and deposit layers 119 B in which fine particles of the electrode material are deposited on the diffusion-penetration layers 119 A are formed.
  • variable stator vanes 101 because it is constituted to provide the coating layers 119 having anti-abrasiveness and lubricity for the shaft portions 103 and 111 of the variable stator vanes 101 provided in the compressor of the gas turbine engine, swing of the variable stator vanes 101 is capable of being smoothly carried out and the anti-abrasiveness of the shaft portions 103 and 111 is improved so that an exchange life of the variable stator vanes 101 comes to be a long life, thereby the aforementioned prior problem can be solved.
  • the coating layers containing ceramics having anti-lubricity and the lubricating material on the peripheral surfaces of the shaft portions provided at the variable vanes for regulating the fluid are improved and the life of the shaft portions is further improved.
  • the coating layers contain ceramics such as cBN, TiC, WC, SiC, Cr 3 C 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 —Y, TiN, TiB and a lubricating material such as hexagonal BN, MOS 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , WS 2 and BaZrO 4 , the anti-abrasiveness and the lubricity are improved.
  • a pulsing electric discharge is generated between an electrode containing ceramics such as cBN, TiC, WC, SiC, Cr 3 C 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 —Y, TiN, TiB and a lubricating material such as hexagonal BN, MOS 2 , Cr 2 O 3 , WS 2 and BaZrO 4 and the shaft portions of the variable vanes for regulating the fluid
  • the coating layers having anti-abrasiveness and lubricity are formed so that the anti-abrasiveness and the lubricity of the shaft portions are improved and the life of the shaft portions is further improved.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments such as aforementioned, and for example the coating layers 119 may be applied to portions of rotation shafts of swingable vanes (variable vanes) for regulating an impact angle of exhaust gas to vanes of turbine wheels by changing the flow direction of the exhaust gas in a turbo charger which uses the exhaust gas from an engine to compress an air to be supplied to the engine.
  • the coating layers 119 are applied to the portions of the rotation shafts of the swingable vanes in the turbo charger, anti-abrasiveness of the rotation shafts is improved so as to be long life as well as swing of the vanes can be smoothly carried out, thereby a similar effect is given.
  • Ti, TiC and hexagonal BN are contained as constituents of the coating layers 119 , as the ceramics, instead of TiC, TiN, TiB and such maybe applied. More specifically, proper selection may be allowable as taking anti-abrasiveness, lubricity and a degree of hardening by combining with carbon into consideration.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
US10/560,131 2003-06-11 2004-06-10 Rotating member, housing, bearing, gearbox, rotating machine, shaft structure, and surface treatment method Abandoned US20060280597A1 (en)

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JP2003167030 2003-06-11
JP2003166992 2003-06-11
JP2003-167030 2003-06-11
JP2003-166992 2003-06-11
PCT/JP2004/008107 WO2004113748A1 (ja) 2003-06-11 2004-06-10 回転部材、筐体、軸受け、ギヤボックス、回転機械、軸構造および表面処理方法

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JP6528288B1 (ja) * 2017-11-10 2019-06-12 三菱重工業株式会社 回転機械、ジャーナル軸受
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US20100086398A1 (en) * 2002-09-24 2010-04-08 Ihi Corporation Method for coating sliding surface of high-temperature member, high-temperature member and electrode for electro-discharge surface treatment
US20060035068A1 (en) * 2002-09-24 2006-02-16 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Method for coating sliding surface of high-temperature member, high-temperature member and electrode for electro-discharge surface treatment
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US20100124490A1 (en) * 2002-10-09 2010-05-20 Ihi Corporation Rotating member and method for coating the same
US20100143030A1 (en) * 2007-01-31 2010-06-10 Koji Tanaka Shaft antiseizing type sprocket
US8414248B2 (en) 2008-12-30 2013-04-09 Rolls-Royce Corporation Variable geometry vane
US9193007B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2015-11-24 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Coated rotary tool and method for manufacturing the same
CN103527264A (zh) * 2013-11-01 2014-01-22 汉美综合科技（常州）有限公司 滑动式喷嘴
US20200350144A1 (en) * 2014-12-05 2020-11-05 Agc Flat Glass North America, Inc. Plasma source utilizing a macro-particle reduction coating and method of using a plasma source utilizing a macro-particle reduction coating for deposition of thin film coatings and modification of surfaces
US11875976B2 (en) * 2014-12-05 2024-01-16 Agc Flat Glass North America, Inc. Plasma source utilizing a macro-particle reduction coating and method of using a plasma source utilizing a macro-particle reduction coating for deposition of thin film coatings and modification of surfaces
US20190068024A1 (en) * 2016-02-15 2019-02-28 Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation High torque density electric motor/generator with rolling element
US11682945B2 (en) * 2016-02-15 2023-06-20 Indiana University Research And Technology Corporation High torque density electric motor/generator with rolling element
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US20230175527A1 (en) * 2020-05-06 2023-06-08 Safran Helicopter Engines Turbomachine compressor having a stationary wall provided with a shape treatment

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EP1640626A1 (en) 2006-03-29
TWI252893B (en) 2006-04-11
EP1640626A4 (en) 2007-01-17
TW200506236A (en) 2005-02-16
JP2010168660A (ja) 2010-08-05
US20120009357A1 (en) 2012-01-12
JPWO2004113748A1 (ja) 2006-08-03
EP1640626B1 (en) 2011-11-09
WO2004113748A1 (ja) 2004-12-29
EP2392833A1 (en) 2011-12-07

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