US20040076778A1 - Biodegradable bags for packing foods available in high speed production - Google Patents

Biodegradable bags for packing foods available in high speed production Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040076778A1
US20040076778A1 US10/467,116 US46711603A US2004076778A1 US 20040076778 A1 US20040076778 A1 US 20040076778A1 US 46711603 A US46711603 A US 46711603A US 2004076778 A1 US2004076778 A1 US 2004076778A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
layer
biodegradable
barrier layer
packing
bag
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US10/467,116
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English (en)
Inventor
Hirotsugu Mori
Yoshio Iwasaki
Yukio Kobayashi
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Ishida Co Ltd
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Ishida Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to ISHIDA CO., LTD. reassignment ISHIDA CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IWASAKI, YOSHIO, KOBAYASHI, YUKIO, MORI, HIROTSUGU
Publication of US20040076778A1 publication Critical patent/US20040076778A1/en
Priority to US12/365,066 priority Critical patent/US7707803B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/46—Applications of disintegrable, dissolvable or edible materials
    • B65D65/466—Bio- or photodegradable packaging materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
    • B65D75/40—Packages formed by enclosing successive articles, or increments of material, in webs, e.g. folded or tubular webs, or by subdividing tubes filled with liquid, semi-liquid, or plastic materials
    • B65D75/44—Individual packages cut from webs or tubes
    • B65D75/46—Individual packages cut from webs or tubes containing articles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/80—Packaging reuse or recycling, e.g. of multilayer packaging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12431—Foil or filament smaller than 6 mils
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1303—Paper containing [e.g., paperboard, cardboard, fiberboard, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1307—Bag or tubular film [e.g., pouch, flexible food casing, envelope, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1334—Nonself-supporting tubular film or bag [e.g., pouch, envelope, packet, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a biodegradable bag for packing a food, for example for a snack food such as a potato chips especially which is required to have an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property.
  • a conventional package material for a snack food frequently has a 5-layer structure consisting of polypropylene resin layer/polyethylene resin layer/metal aluminum vapor deposition—biaxial oriented PET (polyethylene terephthalate) layer/polyethylene layer/biaxial oriented polypropylene resin layer in this order from the inside.
  • a polypropylene resin (PP) layer as the innermost layer serves as a sealant layer.
  • a polypropylene resin is selected since a low temperature heat seal ability and a hot tack property immediately after the heat sealing.
  • the hot tack property is required because of a slightly pressurized packaging process conducted while inflating a bag with air or nitrogen for the purpose of preventing any damage on a snack food as a content in the bag.
  • the thickness of the polypropylene resin layer as this innermost layer is frequently about 20 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • a metal aluminum vapor deposition layer serves to shield an external light and to prevent the permeation of oxygen and water vapor. It has a thickness of 300 to 1500 angstrom and is formed usually by a vapor deposition of a metal aluminum onto a biaxial oriented PET film or a polypropylene resin.
  • a biaxial oriented PET layer consists of a biaxial oriented polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, which is a material onto which a metal aluminum can be deposited most stably and frequently has a thickness of about 12 ⁇ m.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • a polyethylene resin (PE) layer serves as an adhesive for binding a biaxial oriented PET film with an outermost biaxial oriented polypropylene (OPP) film or for binding an innermost non-oriented polypropylene resin with a biaxial oriented PET film, and has a thickness of about 15 ⁇ m.
  • the polyethylene resin layer sometimes employs an ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid copolymer, and the polyethylene resin layer is replaced sometimes with an urethane-based adhesive or an organic solvent-free monomer-containing adhesive.
  • a biaxial oriented polypropylene film as an outermost layer is brought into a direct contact with a heat sealing device (seal bar) at an elevated temperature, and serves to transmit the heat to the innermost polypropylene resin layer. It has a thickness of 15 to 25 ⁇ m.
  • a package material for a snack food having 4 to 5 layers as described above has a total thickness of 40 to 117 ⁇ m.
  • a method for fabricating a packaging material having the above mentioned layer construction may frequently, when taking a cost into consideration, involve a fabrication procedure in which a PET film is subjected to a vapor deposition with a metal aluminum, and then a PE (polyethylene) is extruded between the PET film vapor deposition side and the non-oriented polypropylene film to effect a lamination while extruding a PE between an OPP film and the PET film (the opposite side of the vapor deposition side) whereby effecting a lamination.
  • PE polyethylene
  • a conventional plastic packaging material consisting mainly of polyolefins gives a burning calorie as high as 4.2 ⁇ 10 7 J/kg or more, which leads to a high possibility of damaging a furnace, sometimes in combination with a possibility of emitting dioxins depending on the incineration temperature when containing chlorinated compounds, resulting in a controversy about the incineration itself.
  • a polyolefin such as a polypropylene or polyethylene remains in the nature semi-permanently, resulting in a cause of an environmental pollution.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a biodegradable bag for packing a food capable of storing a food such as a snack food which is required to have an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property, which can be produced at a high speed by a bag making and packaging machine, which can be degraded by naturally occurring microorganisms in soil or water finally to a non-hazardous degradation product, which can be biorecycled, and which is not accumulated in nature.
  • the present invention is a biodegradable bag for packing a food,. which comprises a laminated film obtainable by laminating in the following order; a sealant layer comprising a biodegradable polymer; a barrier layer having an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property; and a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer comprising a biodegradable polymer, said laminated films being heat-sealed in order for the sealant layer to be inside.
  • the sealant layer is preferably a non-oriented film comprising biodegradable polymer with the melting point of 120° C. or below, and is formed preferably by laminating a biodegradable polymer via an extrusion molding onto a barrier layer supported by a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer.
  • the barrier layer is formed preferably by means of a vapor deposition of a ceramic and/or a metal, and is preferably a single component vapor deposition layer comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of SiO x , Al 2 O 3 and Al, or a dual component vapor deposition layer consisting of at least one combination of two components selected from the group consisting of SiO x /Al 2 O 3 , SiO x /ZnO, SiO x /CaO, SiO x /B 2 O 3 and CaO/Ca(OH) 2 and has a thickness of 1500 angstrom or less.
  • the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer is formed preferably by laminating a biodegradable polymer via an extrusion molding onto a paper substrate layer, and preferably comprises a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer, and more preferably comprises a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer with the melting point of 150° C. or higher.
  • the biodegradable bag for packing a food of the present invention preferably comprises a laminated film comprising a paper substrate layer made of a paper outside the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food can be obtainable by extruding a biodegradable polymer onto the paper substrate layer to effect a lamination whereby forming the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer, followed by effecting a vapor deposition of a ceramic and/or a metal onto the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer to form the barrier layer, followed by laminating the sealant layer via a biodegradable adhesive onto the barrier layer.
  • biodegradable bag for packing a food by laminating a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer via a biodegradable adhesive onto the substrate layer whereby forming the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer, followed by effecting a vapor deposition of a ceramic and/or a metal onto the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer to form the barrier layer, followed by laminating the sealant layer via a biodegradable adhesive onto the barrier layer.
  • the biodegradable bag for packing a food of the present invention is preferable when the thickness of the sealant layer is 5 to 50 ⁇ m, the thickness of the barrier layer is 300 to 1500 angstrom, the thickness of the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer is 5 to 20 ⁇ m and the thickness of the paper substrate layer converted into a basis weight is 15 to 100 g/m 2 .
  • the biodegradable bag for packing a food of the present invention preferably comprises a printed layer comprising a biodegradable ink outside the substrate layer.
  • the biodegradable bag for packing a food of the present invention preferably comprises a laminated film further comprising a print-protecting layer comprising a biodegradable polymer between the sealant layer and the barrier layer.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food can be obtainable by effecting a vapor deposition of a ceramic onto the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer comprising a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer to form the barrier layer, followed by molding the print-protecting layer onto the barrier layer, followed by forming a printed layer onto the print-protecting layer, followed by laminating the sealant layer via a biodegradable adhesive onto the printed layer.
  • Such a biodegradable bag for packing a food is preferable when the thickness of the sealant layer is 5 to 50 ⁇ m, the thickness of the print-protecting layer is 0.02 to 0.2 ⁇ m, the thickness of the barrier layer is 300 to 1500 angstrom, and the thickness of the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer is 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the biodegradable bag for packing a food of the present invention which preferably further comprises an adhesive layer comprising a biodegradable adhesive between respective layers.
  • the biodegradable bag for packing a food of the present invention which is preferably used for packaging a snack food.
  • a method for packing a food comprising a back seal step in which a laminated film in the following order; a sealant layer comprising a biodegradable polymer; a barrier layer having an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property ;and a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer comprising a biodegradable polymer is made tubular with the sealant layer being inside to bring the both back sides into contact and heat-sealed with each other, a food introducing step in which a food is introduced to the inside of the tube of the laminated film, and an end seal step in which the both ends of the tube of the laminated film containing the food are heat-sealed.
  • FIG. 1 shows the heat seal temperature property of the roll for a snack food bag in Example 1 (product of the invention) and a conventional roll film (conventional product).
  • FIG. 2 shows the heat seal temperature property of the roll for a snack food bag in Example 2 (product of the invention).
  • FIG. 3 shows the laminate structure of a roll of a biodegradable bag for packing a food according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a fin seal of a pillow package.
  • FIG. 5 shows the heat seal temperature property of the roll for a snack food bag in Example 6(product of the invention).
  • FIG. 6 shows the heat seal temperature property of the roll for a snack food bag in Example 7(product of the invention) and a conventional roll film (conventional product).
  • FIG. 7 shows the laminate structure of a roll of a biodegradable bag for packing a food according to the present invention.
  • 1 is a sealant layer
  • 2 is an adhesive layer
  • 3 is a barrier layer
  • 4 is a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer
  • 5 is a paper substrate layer
  • 6 is a printed layer
  • 7 is a print-protecting layer
  • 8 is a back seal
  • 9 is an end seal.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food which comprises a laminated film obtainable by laminating in the following order; a sealant layer comprising a biodegradable polymer; a barrier layer having an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property and; a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer consisting of a biodegradable polymer.
  • the sealant layer comprises a biodegradable polymer.
  • the biodegradable polymer preferably has the melting point of 120° C. or below.
  • the low melting point of 120° C. or below gives a compatibility with a high speed operation of the the bag making and packaging machine.
  • a temperature of 65° C. to 120° C. is more preferable.
  • Such a biodegradable polymer may be any of microorganism-derived polymers, naturally occurring polymers or chemically synthesized polymers, and those employed preferably are aliphatic polyester resins obtained by the polycondensation of aliphatic diols and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.
  • aliphatic polyester resin When using an aliphatic polyester resin, a polymer having a varying melting point can be obtained by altering the combination of an aliphatic diol and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid employed.
  • the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid may for example be oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid, suberic acid, pimelic acid, sebacic acid, dodecane diacid compounds and the like, while the aliphatic diol may for example be ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol and the like.
  • the aliphatic polyester resin is preferably a biodegradable aliphatic polyester resin having the melting point of about 95° C. obtained by using succinic acid and adipic acid as dicarboxylic acids and 1,4-butanediol as an aliphatic diol, such as a polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate adipate copolymer and the like. Any of them are commercially available as a biodegradable resin BIONOLLE (manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD.), and the production method is disclosed for example in Japanese Kokai Publication Hei-4-189822 and Japanese Kokai Publication Hei-5-70575.
  • the aliphatic polyester resin is preferably a polyethylene succinate. This is commercially available as a biodegradable resin Lunare SE (manufactured by NIPPON SHOKUBAI CO., LTD.).
  • the sealant layer consists preferably of a non-extended film of a biodegradable polymer which was formed without any extension process and is substantially non-oriented.
  • the extension of a plastic is conducted by stretching biaxial, i.e., longitudinally and widthwise at a temperature lower by 10 to 20° C. than the melting point while undergoing a heat fixation, and the resultant oriented film is imparted with the pliability, transparency, oxygen barrier property which are improved by about 3 times when compared with a non-oriented film, and such physical characteristics can be maintained up to the temperature of the heat fixation.
  • the sealant layer is a non-oriented film layer comprising a biodegradable polymer
  • the sealant layer is formed preferably by laminating the biodegradable polymer onto a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer by means of an extrusion molding. This extrusion molding needs no adhesive.
  • the biodegradable polymer employed in the sealant layer preferably has hot tack and oil resistance, which may be imparted by incorporating additives to the polymer.
  • the laminated films are heat-sealed in order for the sealant layer to be inside, whereby being formed as a biodegradable bag for packing a food according to the present invention.
  • the thickness of the sealant layer is preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • a thickness less than 5 ⁇ m leads to an uneven thickness upon molding, resulting in difficulty in ensuring the thickness sufficient for the seal.
  • a high pressure upon sealing causes a fluidity, which affects a sealing performance.
  • a thickness more than 50 ⁇ m gives an increased overall thickness, which leads to an increased weight, which is problematic also in view of a container recycling law.
  • an increased overall thickness allows a pin hole to be formed readily upon sealing at the site of the crossing of the longitudinal and widthwise seals.
  • the barrier layer has an oxygen barrier property and the water vapor barrier property.
  • Such a barrier layer may be obtained for example by means of a vapor deposition of a ceramic and/or a metal.
  • the barrier layer when providing a paper substrate layer outside the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer as described below can be obtained using a laminated film of a biodegradable polymer extruded on a paper substrate layer or a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer as a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer onto which a ceramic and/or a metal is vapor-deposited.
  • the barrier layer is preferably a single component vapor deposition layer comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of SiO x , Al 2 O 3 and Al, or a dual component vapor deposition layer comprising at least one combination of two components selected from the group consisting of SiO x /Al 2 O 3 , SiO x /ZnO, SiO x /CaO, SiO x /B 2 O 3 and CaO/Ca (OH) 2 .
  • a metal aluminum (Al) is preferably vapor-deposited for the purpose of ensuring a shield from a light.
  • the substrate layer serves to shield almost all light, but a metal aluminum vapor deposition further ensures the light shielding.
  • a metal detector When a metal detector is employed preliminarily to identify a contamination for example with a foreign body, then a single component vapor deposition layer consisting of SiO x and Al 2 O 3 , or a dual component vapor deposition layer consisting of at least one combination of two components selected from the group consisting of SiO x /Al 2 O 3 , SiO x /ZnO, SiO x /CaO, SiO x /B 2 O 3 and CaO/Ca(OH) 2 is employed.
  • the SiO x may for example be SiO 2 , SiO 1.8 , SiO 1.6 and the like.
  • a light shielding performance may be inferior to that when a metal aluminum is vapor-deposited, but a light shielding ability sufficient for protecting the content from a quality deterioration can be obtained by solid white printing over the entire surface as a background upon printing which is effective in shielding an UV light and a visible light.
  • the thickness of the barrier layer is preferably 1500 angstrom or less. A thickness more than 1500 angstrom affect a biodegradation adversely. More preferably, the thickness is 300 to 1500 angstrom. A thickness less than 300 angstrom poses a difficulty in accomplishing a uniform vapor deposition.
  • the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer comprises a biodegradable polymer.
  • Such a biodegradable polymer is preferably one having a heat resistance for the thermal hysteresis during a vapor deposition.
  • Such a biodegradable polymer may for example be on having a certain heat resistance among aliphatic polyester resins which are chemically synthesized biodegradable polymers.
  • the aliphatic polyester resin may for example be a lactic acid-based polymer such as a homopolymer of a lactic acid, copolymer of a lactic acid with other aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid and the like.
  • the lactic acid may for example be L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid
  • the aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid may for example be glycolic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, 4-hydroxybutyric acid, 3-hydroxyvaleric acid, 4-hydroxyvaleric acid, 5-hydroxyvaleric acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid and the like.
  • the polylactic acid-based polymer may for example be “LACTY” which is commercially available from SHIMADZU CORPORATION.
  • the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer when providing a paper substrate layer outside the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer as described below, may for example be one formed by laminating a biodegradable polymer onto the paper substrate layer by means of an extrusion molding or one comprising a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer.
  • the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer is one formed by laminating a biodegradable polymer onto the paper substrate layer by means of an extrusion molding
  • a biodegradable polymer may for example be “LACTY” #9800 of an extrusion lamination grade which is commercially available from SHIMADZU CORPORATION.
  • the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer is one comprising a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer
  • a biodegradable polymer may for example be “LACTY” #9000 of a crystalline grade which is commercially available from SHIMADZU CORPORATION, “TERRAMAC” which is a biaxial oriented film comprising a polylactic acid-based polymer and commercially available form UNITIKA LTD., “Palgreen LC” which is a biaxial oriented film consisting of a polylactic acid-based polymer and commercially available form TOHCELLO CO., LTD.
  • the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer is one consisting of a film
  • the elasticity of the film itself is increased and the film itself is imparted with an increased resistance to the tension exerted upon winding and rewinding a roll during a vapor deposition step since such a film is one formed by orienting a biodegradable polymer biaxially.
  • a barrier layer-supporting substrate layer which is one comprising a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer enables a uniform vapor deposition without deterioration or wrinkle formation even in a vapor deposition environment involving a complicatedly combined factors by which the vapor deposition is affected adversely, such as heat, tension and the like.
  • a satisfactory vapor deposition can be ensured also by further providing a paper substrate layer made of a paper outside the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer of the laminated film.
  • a stable barrier layer is formed which is sufficient for obtaining desired oxygen barrier property and water vapor barrier property.
  • the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer comprises a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer with the melting point of 150° C. or higher.
  • the actual seal bar temperature should be at least higher than 115° C., such as 130 to 150° C.
  • a higher speed packaging of foods should have a shorter seal time, which requires a higher seal bar temperature, which may be as high as about 200° C.
  • the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer employs a biodegradable polymer with the melting point of 150° C. or higher and the sealant layer employs a biodegradable polymer with the melting point of 120° C. or below
  • the difference of the melting point between the sealant layer and the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer becomes 30° C. or more, which enables a bag making by melting the innermost sealant layer without undergoing any shrinkage of the outermost barrier layer-supporting substrate layer even at a high temperature of a high speed operation, resulting in the prevention of any reduction in the commercial value.
  • the elongation of a packaging material itself due to the tensility to the film can also be prevented, resulting in the prevention of any skew seal or skew cut.
  • the thickness of the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer is preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • a thickness less than 5 ⁇ m allows an effect of the vapor deposition heat on the tension upon film sending and rewinding a roll to be evident, resulting in difficulty in accomplishing a stable vapor deposition.
  • a thickness more than 20 ⁇ m gives an increased overall thickness, which leads to an increased overall weight, which is problematic also in view of a container recycling law.
  • an increased overall thickness allows a pin hole to be formed readily at the site of the longitudinal seal.
  • a thickness of 3 to 15 ⁇ m is more preferred.
  • the laminated film preferably furthermore has a paper substrate layer comprising a paper outside the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer.
  • Such a paper is not limited particularly and may be selected as desired depending on an intended wrapping function or print pattern, and may for example be a thin paper, high quality paper, kraft paper, coat paper, cellulose-based unwoven fabric, cellulose-based film and the like. Among those listed above, a thin paper is preferred in view of the production cost and the light-weight packaging.
  • the paper substrate layer serves to protect the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer from the heat or tension exerted during a vapor deposition, serves as a print substrate for conducting a surface printing, and, due to its high heat resistance, also serves to prevent the shrinkage of a packaging material due to the heat exerted upon making a bag in an actual packaging machine. Moreover, the paper substrate layer also has an ability of promoting the hydrolysis of a biodegradable polymer such as a polylactic acid in the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer, since it has a water-retaining property.
  • the thickness of the paper substrate layer is not limited particularly as long as it poses no friction against the film feed upon making bags by a packaging machine, and is preferably 15 to 100 g/m 2 when converted into a basis weight. A thickness less than 15 g/m 2 makes it difficult to ensure a stable quality due to the difficulty in making papers themselves. On the other hand, a paper substrate layer having a thickness more than 100 g/m 2 serves as a heat insulant because of the difficulty in transmitting the heat to melt the innermost sealant.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food of the present invention is preferably one obtainable by extruding a biodegradable polymer onto the paper substrate layer to effect a lamination whereby forming the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer, followed by effecting a vapor deposition of a ceramic and/or a metal onto the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer to form the barrier layer, followed by laminating the sealant layer via a biodegradable adhesive onto the barrier layer, or one obtainable by laminating a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer via a biodegradable adhesive onto the paper substrate layer whereby forming the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer, followed by effecting a vapor deposition of a ceramic and/or a metal onto the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer to form the barrier layer, followed by laminating the sealant layer via a biodegradable adhesive onto the barrier layer.
  • Such a laminate structure is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the biodegradable adhesive may for example be one obtained by dissolving an aliphatic polyester resin or a biodegradable polymer such as a polylactic acid-based polymer as main ingredients in a solvent such as toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, chloroform and the like.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food according to the present invention may further comprise a printed layer comprising a biodegradable ink on the surface of the substrate layer side.
  • a biodegradable printing ink By using as a biodegradable printing ink, the biodegradablity is not affected adversely.
  • the biodegradable ink is not limited particularly, and may for example be a regenerated vegetable oil ink, soybean oil ink and the like.
  • the soybean oil ink is obtained by replacing all or a part of a petroleum-based solvent and a drying oil in a conventional ink with a soybean oil, and is advantageous since it allows the ink to be readily separated from the paper and to be degraded in a soil.
  • the soybean oil ink may be available commercially for example from TOYO INK MFG. CO., LTD. or TOPPAN PRINTING CO., LTD..
  • the barrier layer is formed by means of a transparent vapor deposition using a ceramic and the like, then a print-protecting layer consisting of a biodegradable polymer is further provided between the sealant layer and the barrier layer of the laminated film to conduct the printing whereby forming a printed layer on the print-protecting layer, thus accomplishing a reverse printing.
  • a print-protecting layer consisting of a biodegradable polymer is further provided between the sealant layer and the barrier layer of the laminated film to conduct the printing whereby forming a printed layer on the print-protecting layer, thus accomplishing a reverse printing.
  • the barrier layer of a vapor-deposited ceramic is printed directly, the barrier layer may undergo a microcracking upon printing, which may lead to a reduced barrier performance.
  • the biodegradable polymer may for example be a polyvinyl alcohol.
  • Such a polyvinyl alcohol may for example be any of those which are commercially available such as POVAL manufactured by KURARAY CO., LTD., GOHSENOL manufactured by NIPPON SYNTHETIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD., Dolon Va. manufactured by AICELLO CHEMICAL CO., LTD. and the like.
  • the thickness of the print-protecting layer is preferably 0.02 to 0.2 ⁇ m.
  • a thickness less than 0.02 ⁇ m may lead to a deterioration of a vapor deposition layer due to a friction, or may affect the close contact with the printing adversely.
  • a thickness more than 0.2 ⁇ m may lead to a poor ink contact or drying, which is disadvantageous in an actual production.
  • barrier layer is formed by a dual component vapor deposition and the printing is conducted under the condition involving a tension as low as about 2% or less elongation.
  • the ink employed in the printing is preferably a biodegradable ink similar to those described above.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food is obtainable preferably by effecting a vapor deposition of a ceramic onto the barrier layer-supporting substrate layer comprising a biaxial oriented film of a biodegradable polymer to form the barrier layer, followed by molding the print-protecting layer onto the barrier layer, followed by forming a printed layer onto the print-protecting layer, followed by laminating the sealant layer via a biodegradable adhesive onto the printed layer.
  • a laminate structure is shown in FIG. 7.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food according to the present invention may further comprise an adhesive layer comprising a biodegradable adhesive between respective layers.
  • an adhesive layer comprising a biodegradable adhesive between respective layers.
  • the present invention allows a high function bag for packing a food to be obtained which is biodegradable, give no burden on a global environment, has an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property, and can withstand a high temperature sealing upon making bags at a high speed.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food is not limited particularly, it is employed preferably for packaging a food which is required to have an oxygen barrier property and a water vapor barrier property, especially a snack food.
  • the adsorption of the flavors of a snack food can be prevented especially when using a polyester-based resin in the internal surface layer which is brought into contact with the snack food in the bag.
  • the method for packing a food with a biodegradable bag for packing a food is not limited particularly, it is preferably be a method comprising a back seal step in which the laminated film is made tubular with the sealant layer being inside to bring the both back sides into contact and heat-sealed with each other, a food introducing step in which a food is introduced to the inside of the tube of the laminated film, and an end seal step in which the both ends of the tube of the laminated film containing the food are sealed (sealing as shown in FIG. 4).
  • a 15 ⁇ m aliphatic polyester resin polybutylene succinate (BIONOLLE #1001m, manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD.) was dry-laminated using a biodegradable adhesive (mixture of several aliphatic polyester resins dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone) onto a thin paper with a basis weight of 20 g/m 2 (about 20 ⁇ m in thickness) which had been laminated with a 10 ⁇ m biodegradable polylactic acid LACTY grade #9800 commercially available from SHIMADZU CORPORATION by means of a melt extrusion and which had then been vapor-deposited with Al 2 O 3 on its polylactic acid side, whereby obtaining a film roll for a snack food bag.
  • a biodegradable adhesive mixture of several aliphatic polyester resins dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone
  • O 2 permeability OX-TRAN2/20MH, manufactured by MOCON ,INC.; 23° C., Dry
  • H 2 O permeability PERMATRAN W3/31MG, manufactured by MOCON ,INC.; 37° C., 90%RH TABLE 1 Evaluation item O 2 permeability (ml/m 2 ⁇ D ⁇ H 2 O permeability Atm) (g/m 2 ⁇ D) Film roll Product of the invention 1.6 1.8 Conventional product 1.7 1.5
  • APEX packaging machine manufactured by ISHIDA is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,347,795. TABLE 2 Evaluation item Seal bar set temperature Packaging speed (° C.) (BMP) Film roll Product of the invention 140 140 Conventional product 170 80
  • the heat seal temperature curve of the inventive film began to rise at about 120° C., and allowed the heat seal step to be accomplished at a temperature lower by 20 to 30° C. when compared with a conventional film.
  • the packaging speed was increased as shown in Table 2, enabling a 1.7-fold faster packaging process when compared with the conventional film.
  • the conventional film could pack only 80 bags per minute, but the inventive film could pack 140 bags per minute.
  • the use of a paper in the outermost layer resulted in no seal bar-induced heat deterioration or shrinkage of the packaging material upon sealing at a high temperature, a further higher speed operation will be possible.
  • a snack food packaging film is made tubular with a 15 ⁇ m BIONOLLE #1001 film (manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD.) (a sealant layer consisting of a biodegradable polymer having a melting point of 120° C. or less) being inside and the meeting edges are heat-sealed in a back-to-back manner (back seal). Then, a snack food is charged into the inside of the tubular snack food bag. Subsequently, the both ends of the tubular snack food bag are heat-sealed (end seals). As a result, the snack food is packed in the snack food bag.
  • BIONOLLE #1001 film manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD.
  • the package material thus obtained was buried in a soil (in ISHIDA CO., LTD. SIGA PLANT, RITTO CITY, SHIGA PREFECTURE) at a depth of about 10 cm to evaluate the biodegradability, and the results indicated that a half was degraded at the time of about 3 months, and the original shape was lost at the time of 12 months.
  • a 15 ⁇ m aliphatic polyester resin polybutylene succinate (BIONOLLE #1001m, manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD., melting point: 114° C.) was laminated using a biodegradable adhesive employed in EXAMPLE 1 with a thin paper with a basis weight of 20 g/m 2 (about 20 ⁇ m in thickness) which had been laminated using a biodegradable adhesive employed in EXAMPLE 1 with a biaxial oriented (20 ⁇ m in thickness) LACTY #9000 (melting point of 150 to 170° C.) from SHIMADZU CORPORATION with its biaxial oriented film side being subjected to a vapor deposition with SiO 1.8 , whereby obtaining a film roll for a snack food bag.
  • BIONOLLE #1001m manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD., melting point: 114° C.
  • the surface of the paper of the roll film of the present invention obtained in EXAMPLE 1 was printed with a soybean ink manufactured by TOYO INK MFG. CO., LTD. which is a biodegradable ink.
  • a 15 ⁇ m aliphatic polyester resin polybutylene succinate (BIONOLLE #1001m, manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD., melting point: 114° C.) was laminated using a biodegradable adhesive employed in EXAMPLE 1 with a thin paper with a basis weight of 20 g/m 2 (about 20 ⁇ m in thickness) which had been laminated using a biodegradable adhesive employed in EXAMPLE 1 with a polylactic acid-derived biaxial oriented TERRAMAC (15 ⁇ m in thickness, melting point: 170° C.) from UNITIKA LTD.
  • BIONOLLE #1001m manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD., melting point: 114° C.
  • the film roll was examined for the heat seal temperature property, O 2 permeability and H 2 O permeability, and the results are favorably compared with those in EXAMPLES 1 and 2.
  • a piece of this roll film was buried in the soil to be subjected to the biodegradability test similarly to EXAMPLE 1, and the results indicated a satisfactory biodegradability.
  • An inventive roll film obtained in EXAMPLE 1 and a conventional roll film were subjected to a test in which a snack food (potato chips) immediately after production was filled and packaged.
  • the packaging machine employed was “APEX packaging machine” manufactured by ISHIDA CO.,LTD., and an N 2 purge was also performed.
  • the inventive sample exhibited excellent Flavor on unsealing as well as taste and flavor upon eating with relish, when compared with the conventional sample.
  • a 15 ⁇ m aliphatic polyester resin polybutylene succinate (BIONOLLE #1001m, manufactured by SHOWA HIGHPOLYMER CO., LTD.) was dry-laminated using a biodegradable adhesive (mixture of several aliphatic polyester resins dissolved in methyl ethyl ketone) onto a 15 ⁇ m polylactic acid-derived biaxial oriented form (TERRAMAC hard type, manufactured by UNITIKA LTD.) which had been subjected to a vapor deposition with Al 2 O 3 to the thickness of 500 angstrom and then painted with a 4 weight % solution of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA205, manufactured by KURARAY CO., LTD.) in water:alcohol (1:1) to the solid thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m and then further printed with a soybean oil ink by TOYO INK MFG. CO., LTD which was a biodegradable ink, whereby obtaining a film roll for a snack food bag.
  • a biodegradable adhesive
  • the heat seal temperature curve of the inventive film began to rise at about 100° C., and allowed the heat seal step to be accomplished at a temperature lower by 30 to 40° C. when compared with a conventional film.
  • the packaging speed was increased as shown in Table 6, enabling a 1.7-fold faster packaging process when compared with the conventional film.
  • the conventional film could pack only 80 bags per minute, but the inventive film could pack 140 bags per minute.
  • An attempt was also made to set the seal bar temperature at 180° C. and the packaging speed was increased to 160 cycles to conduct the packaging.
  • the inventive sample in this EXAMPLE underwent a shrinkage on the surface brought into contact with a seal bar and was not successful in exhibiting a satisfactory performance, but the inventive sample in EXAMPLE 1 exhibited a satisfactory performance.
  • Such findings may be due to the paper substrate layer on the surface.
  • the package material thus obtained was buried in a soil (in ISHIDA CO., LTD. SIGA PLANT, RITTO CITY, SHIGA PREFECTURE) at a depth of about 10 cm to evaluate the biodegradability, and the results indicated that a half was degraded at the time of about 6 months, and the original shape was lost at the time of 12 months.
  • TERRAMAC hard type manufactured by UNITIKA LTD.
  • An inventive roll film obtained in EXAMPLE 6 and a conventional roll film were subjected to a test in which a snack food (potato chips) immediately after production was filled and packaged.
  • the packaging machine employed was “APEX packaging machine” manufactured by ISHIDA CO.,LTD., and an N 2 purge was also performed.
  • the inventive sample exhibited excellent Flavor on unsealing as well as taste and flavor upon eating, when compared with the conventional sample.
  • an automatic bag making using a packaging machine can be conducted at a higher speed, and a biodegradable bag for packing a food capable of being degraded spontaneously when buried in a soil and like after disposal can be obtained.
  • a biodegradable bag for packing a food according to the present invention can reduce burning calories upon an incineration disposal after use when compared with a conventional package material structure employing polyolefin resins generating high burning calories as major constituents, whereby preventing any damage of the incineration furnace.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
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US20090142614A1 (en) 2009-06-04
US7707803B2 (en) 2010-05-04
JPWO2002062572A1 (ja) 2004-06-03
ATE552966T1 (de) 2012-04-15
WO2002062572A1 (fr) 2002-08-15
EP1369227B1 (en) 2012-04-11
EP1369227A4 (en) 2006-11-29

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