TWI771293B - 層合透明導電膜、層合配線膜及層合配線膜之製造方法 - Google Patents

層合透明導電膜、層合配線膜及層合配線膜之製造方法 Download PDF

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TWI771293B
TWI771293B TW106109572A TW106109572A TWI771293B TW I771293 B TWI771293 B TW I771293B TW 106109572 A TW106109572 A TW 106109572A TW 106109572 A TW106109572 A TW 106109572A TW I771293 B TWI771293 B TW I771293B
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film
transparent conductive
atomic
laminated
conductive oxide
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TW201805454A (zh
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中澤弘実
石井博
歳森悠人
齋藤淳
林雄二郎
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日商三菱綜合材料股份有限公司
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    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • C04B35/453Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zinc, tin, or bismuth oxides or solid solutions thereof with other oxides, e.g. zincates, stannates or bismuthates
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Abstract

本發明之層合透明導電膜具有由Ag或Ag合金所構成之Ag膜、及配置於前述Ag膜的兩面之透明導電氧化物膜,前述透明導電氧化物膜係由含有Zn、Ga及Ti之氧化物所形成。

Description

層合透明導電膜、層合配線膜及層合配線膜之製造方法
本發明有關可作為例如顯示器或觸控面板等之透明電極膜使用之層合透明導電膜、由該層合透明導電膜所成之層合配線膜及層合配線膜之製造方法。
本申請案係基於2016年3月23日向日本提出申請之特願2016-058937號及2017年2月13日向日本提出申請之特願2017-024386號而主張優先權,其內容援用於本文。
液晶顯示器、有機EL顯示器及觸控面板等中,作為透明電極膜,提供有例如專利文獻1~4所示之透明導電膜。對於該透明導電膜要求可見光區之光透過率高,且電阻低。
此處,專利文獻1中,作為透明導電膜係使用透明導電氧化物之一種的ITO(In2O3+Sn)所成之ITO膜,但 為了降低該ITO膜中之電阻,有必要以膜厚較厚地形成,故會使可見光區之透過率降低。因此,難以兼具高透過率與低電阻。
又,專利文獻2中,使用Cu等之金屬網材,但為了降低該金屬網材中之電阻,有必要擴大金屬部分之寬度,反而有使透過率降低之問題。且,由於因光之反射而有辨識到金屬網材之虞,故有必要於金屬網材表面形成黑色化膜等。
專利文獻3、4中提案Ag膜與透明導電氧化物膜層合而得之層合透明導電膜。該層合透明導電膜中,由於藉由Ag膜而確保導電性,故而並無必要為了降低電阻而較厚地形成透明導電氧化物膜,而可獲得比較高的透過率。
[先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2008-310550號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2006-344163號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特開昭63-110507號公報
[專利文獻4]日本特開平09-232278號公報
不過,於最近,於顯示器或觸控面板等中, 配線及透明電極之微細化進一步進展,進而因大畫面化而使配線及透明電極之長度變長,作為透明電極亦比以往增加並且要求電阻低且可見光區之透過率優異之透明導電膜。
此處,專利文獻3、4中記載之層合透明導電膜中,為了實現電阻更降低及透過率更提高,有使Ag膜之膜厚減薄之必要。然而,僅使Ag膜減薄之情況,Ag亦凝集,因該Ag之凝集而產生表面電漿子吸收,有使透過率大幅降低之問題。且,因Ag凝集而使Ag膜成為不連續膜,故有電阻亦增加且導電性降低之問題。
又,透明導電氧化物膜對水分之障蔽性低時,於濕度較高之環境下水分會到達Ag膜,促進Ag膜中之Ag凝集,有使透過率及導電性降低之虞。
再者,為了將上述層合透明導電膜作為配線膜使用,而有必要對於層合透明導電膜形成配線圖型。該情況下,於層合透明導電膜上形成抗蝕劑膜,藉由蝕刻形成配線圖型後,除去該抗蝕劑膜。藉由蝕刻形成配線圖型時,期望使用蝕刻劑將層合透明導電膜全體總括地進行總括蝕刻,但Ag合金膜與ITO膜之層合膜於藉由蝕刻形成電極圖型時,相較於ITO膜,Ag合金膜蝕刻速度較快,因此使用相同蝕刻劑總括進行蝕刻時,Ag合金膜之過度蝕刻變大,或有發生ITO膜殘渣之虞。又,除去抗蝕劑膜時,使用鹼性之抗蝕劑去除液,但以往之層合透明導電膜中,耐鹼性不足,除去抗蝕劑膜時,有層合透明導電膜之特性劣 化之問題。
本發明係鑑於前述情況而完成者,目的在於提供透過率充分高,且電阻充分低,耐環境性及耐鹼性優異,藉由蝕刻法形成配線圖型時不易發生過度蝕刻之層合透明導電膜、由該層合透明導電膜所成之層合配線膜及層合配線膜之製造方法。
為解決上述課題,本發明之層合透明導電膜之特徵為具有由Ag或Ag合金所構成之Ag膜、及配置於前述Ag膜的兩面之透明導電氧化物膜,前述透明導電氧化物膜係由含有Zn、Ga及Ti之氧化物所形成。
依據本發明之層合透明導電膜,由於於Ag膜之兩面形成由含有Zn、Ga及Ti之氧化物所成之透明導電氧化物膜,故藉由下面之透明導電氧化物膜,而提高Ag膜之濡濕性,而使得即使較薄地形成Ag膜之情形,亦可抑制Ag膜中之Ag凝集。且,上述之透明導電氧化物膜由於耐環境性(高溫高濕環境下之耐久性)優異,故即使於濕度高的環境下使用時,藉由形成於Ag膜上面之透明導電氧化物膜,而可抑制水分對Ag膜之侵入,可抑制Ag之凝集。因此,可提供透過率充分高,且電阻充分低之層合透明導電膜。
再者,使用含有磷酸、乙酸之酸性混合液作為蝕刻劑時,Aa膜與透明導電氧化物膜之蝕刻速度差小,即使對該 層合透明導電膜進行總括蝕刻,亦可精度良好地形成配線圖型。
又,該透明導電氧化物膜由於耐鹼性高,故形成配線圖型時,即使使用鹼性之抗蝕劑除去液除去抗蝕劑膜,亦可抑制層合透明導電膜之特性劣化。
此處,本發明之層合透明導電膜中,較好前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素之原子比例為Ga:0.5原子%以上30.0原子%以下,Ti:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
該情況下,透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素中之Ga含量設為0.5原子%以上30.0原子%以下之範圍內,故可抑制Ag膜之凝集,且可抑制電阻增加。又,由於Ti含量設為0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下之範圍內,故可抑制電阻增加,同時提高耐鹼性及耐環境性。
再者,本發明之層合透明導電膜中,更好前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素之原子比例為Ga:0.5原子%以上18.0原子%以下,Ti:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
該情況下,透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素中之Ga含量設為0.5原子%以上18.0原子%以下之範圍內,故更可抑制Ag膜之凝集,且更可抑制電阻增加。又,由於Ti含量設為0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下之範圍內,故可抑制電阻增加,同時提高耐鹼性及耐環境性。
再者,本發明之層合透明導電膜中,又更好 前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素之原子比例為Ga:0.5原子%以上14.0原子%以下,Ti:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
該情況下,透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素中之Ga含量設為0.5原子%以上14.0原子%以下之範圍內,故可進而抑制Ag膜之凝集,且可進而抑制電阻增加。又,由於Ti含量設為0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下之範圍內,故可抑制電阻增加,同時提高耐鹼性及耐環境性。
又,本發明之層合透明導電膜中,形成前述透明導電氧化物膜之氧化物亦可進一步含有Y。
該情況下,由於形成透明導電氧化物膜之氧化物含有Y,故可抑制電阻增加,並且進而提高耐鹼性及耐環境性。
上述之形成前述透明導電氧化物膜之氧化物含有Y時,較好前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素中之原子比例為Ga:0.5原子%以上30.0原子%以下,Ti:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,Y:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
該情況下,透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素中之Ga含量設為0.5原子%以上30.0原子%以下之範圍內,故可抑制Ag膜之凝集,且可抑制電阻增加。又,由於Ti含量設為0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下之範圍內,故可抑制電阻增加,同時提高耐鹼性及耐環境性。再者,由於Y含量設為0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下之範圍,故可抑制電 阻增加且可提高耐鹼性。
且再者,本發明之層合透明導電膜中,較好前述Ag膜係由Ag合金所構成,該Ag合金含有合計0.2原子%以上10.0原子%以下之Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上,且剩餘部分由Ag及無法避免的雜質所構成。
該情況下,由於含有Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上,故可進而抑制Ag膜之凝集,即使以10nm以下之極薄形成Ag膜,亦可成為連續膜。
且再者,本發明之層合透明導電膜中,較好前述Ag膜厚度為10nm以下。
該情況下,由於Ag膜厚度為10nm以下,故可提高透過率。且,由於可於Ag膜之兩面上形成上述透明導電氧化物膜,故即使Ag膜厚度為10nm以下,Ag亦不凝集而成為連續膜,故可使電阻減低。
且再者,本發明之層合透明導電膜中,較好波長400~800nm之可見光區的平均透過率為85%以上,薄片電阻值為20Ω/sq.以下。
該情況下,由於可見光區的平均透過率為85%以上,且薄片電阻值為20Ω/sq.以下,故層合透明導電膜具有充分高的透過率及充分低的電阻,可作為微細化之透明電極 膜或透明配線膜使用。
本發明之層合配線膜之特徵為由上述層合透明導電膜所構成,且具有配線圖型。
本發明之層合配線膜由於係由上述層合透明導電膜所構成,故具有低電阻及高透過率。
本發明之層合配線膜之製造方法係上述之層合配線膜之製造方法,其特徵為具備:在基材的成膜面使含有前述Ag膜及前述透明導電氧化物膜之前述層合透明導電膜成膜之層合透明導電膜成膜步驟;在前述層合透明導電膜上形成配線圖型狀之阻劑膜之阻劑膜形成步驟;使用含有磷酸、乙酸之酸性的混合液作為蝕刻劑,對於形成有前述阻劑膜的前述層合透明導電膜總括地進行蝕刻之蝕刻步驟;及在蝕刻後以鹼性阻劑除去液等除去前述阻劑膜之阻劑膜除去步驟。
依據該構成之層合配線膜之製造方法,其在使用含有磷酸、乙酸之酸性的混合液作為蝕刻劑時,由於Ag膜與透明導電氧化物膜之蝕刻速度差較小,故即使總括地蝕刻該層合透明導電膜,亦可抑制Ag膜之過度蝕刻或發生透明氧化物膜之殘渣之發生等,可精度良好地形成配線圖型。又,由於藉由添加Ti或Ti及Y而提高透明導電氧化物膜之耐鹼性,故於阻劑膜除去步驟中,即使使用鹼性之阻劑除去液除去阻劑膜,亦可抑制層合配線膜之特性劣化。
又,本發明之層合配線膜之製造方法係上述 之層合配線膜之製造方法,其特徵為具備:在基材的成膜面形成配線圖型的反轉圖型狀之阻劑膜之阻劑膜形成步驟;在形成有前述阻劑膜的前述基材的成膜面使含有前述Ag膜及前述透明導電氧化物膜之前述層合透明導電膜成膜之層合透明導電膜成膜步驟;及除去前述阻劑膜之阻劑膜除去步驟。
依據該構成之層合配線膜之製造方法,在基材之成膜面上將阻劑膜形成為配線圖型的反轉圖型狀,在形成有前述阻劑膜之前述基材之成膜面上成膜前述層合透明導電膜。藉此,成膜前述層合透明導電膜後,自基材除去阻劑膜時,僅在未形成阻劑膜之區域殘存前述層合透明導電膜,而可形成具有配線圖型之層合配線膜。因此,不須進行蝕刻步驟,即可精度良好地形成配線圖型。又,由於藉由添加Ti或Ti及Y而提高透明導電氧化物膜之耐鹼性,故於阻劑膜除去步驟中,即使使用鹼性之阻劑除去液除去阻劑膜,亦可抑制層合配線膜之特性劣化。
依據本發明,可提供透過率充分高且電阻充分低,耐環境性及耐鹼性優異,不易發生過度蝕刻之層合透明導電膜、由該層合透明導電膜所構成之層合配線膜以及層合配線膜之製造方法。
10‧‧‧層合透明導電膜
11‧‧‧第1透明導電氧化物膜(透明導電氧化物膜)
12‧‧‧Ag膜
13‧‧‧第2透明導電氧化物膜(透明導電氧化物膜)
20‧‧‧基板
30‧‧‧層合配線膜
41‧‧‧阻劑膜
圖1係本發明實施形態之層合透明導電膜之一部分放大剖面圖。
圖2係本發明實施形態之層合配線膜之一部分放大剖面圖。
圖3係顯示本發明實施形態之層合配線膜之製造方法之流程圖。
圖4係圖3所示之層合配線膜之製造方法之說明圖。
圖5係顯示本發明其他實施形態之層合配線膜之製造方法之流程圖。
圖6係圖5所示之層合配線膜之製造方法之說明圖。
圖7係顯示藉由蝕刻法之圖型化試驗後之結果的一例之表面觀察照片。(a)係本發明例3,(b)係比較例2。
圖8係顯示藉由蝕刻法之圖型化試驗後之結果的一例之表面觀察照片(本發明例3)。
以下,針對本發明實施形態之層合透明導電膜,參考附加圖式加以說明。
本實施形態之層合透明導電膜10係作為各種顯示器及觸控面板之透明電極膜而使用者,尤其可使用於平板尺寸以上之靜電電容型之觸控面板。
本實施形態之層合透明導電膜10示於圖1。該層合透明導電膜10具備例如於作為基板之基板20之一面上 作為基底膜而成膜之第1透明導電氧化物膜11、於該第1透明導電氧化物膜11上成膜之Ag膜12,及於該Ag膜12上成膜之第2透明導電氧化物膜13。又,作為基材20可使用例如玻璃基板、樹脂薄膜等。
而且,本實施形態中,層合透明導電膜10於波長400~800nm之可見光區之平均透過率為85%以上,薄片電阻值為20Ω/sq.以下。
又,層合透明導電膜10於波長400~800nm之可見光區之平均透過率較好為85%以上,更好為86%以上。平均透過率越高越好,故上限值未特別限定,但較好為95%,更好為90%。且,層合透明導電膜10之薄片電阻值較好為20Ω/sq.以下,更好為5Ω/sq.以下。層合透明導電膜10之薄片電阻值越小越好,故下限值未特別限定,但較好為0.5Ω/sq.,更好為1Ω/sq.。
Ag膜12係由Ag或Ag合金構成。作為構成Ag膜12之Ag或Ag合金,為純度99.9質量%以上之純Ag,或可為含有Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er等之添加元素之Ag合金。
又,添加元素含量,基於抑制Ag膜12之吸收率增加(透過率降低)及電阻增加之觀點,期望抑制於10.0原子%以下,更好為2.0原子%以下。
又,本實施形態中,Ag膜12係由Ag合金所構成,該Ag合金含有合計0.2原子%以上10.0原子%以下之Cu、Sn、 Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上,且剩餘部分由Ag及無法避免的雜質所構成。
本實施形態中,構成Ag膜12之Ag合金所含有之Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er係具有提高Ag膜12對於第1透明導電氧化物膜11之濡濕性之作用效果的元素,即使較薄地形成Ag膜12,亦可抑制Ag凝集。
此處,Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上之合計含量未達0.2原子%時,有無法充分發揮上述作用效果之虞。另一方面,Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上之合計含量超過10.0原子%時,有Ag膜12之透過率降低且電阻值上升之虞。
基於此等理由,本實施形態中,構成Ag膜12之Ag合金中之Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上之合計含量規定於0.2原子%以上10.0原子%以下之範圍內。
又,為了確實發揮上述作用效果,構成Ag膜12之Ag合金中之Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、 Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上之合計含量下限較好設為0.3原子%以上,更好設為0.5原子%以上。另一方面,為了進一步抑制透過率降低或電阻率上升,Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上之合計含量上限較好設為8.0原子%以下,更好設為5.0原子%以下,特佳為2.0原子%以下。
又,本實施形態中,第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13設為含Zn、Ga、Ti之氧化物,或設為含Zn、Ga、Ti及Y之氧化物。
亦即,第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13可為於Zn氧化物中,添加Ga、Ti、或Ga、Ti及Y者。
本實施形態中,第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13於各透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素中之Ga、Ti及Y之原子比例為Ga:0.5原子%以上30.0原子%以下,Ti:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,Y:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下。
又,第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13並無必要為相同組成,只要設為上述組成範圍內即可。
本文中,藉由將第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13中所含之全部金屬元素中之Ga含量(相對於全部金屬元素之Ga的原子比例)設為0.5原子%以上,可抑制Ag膜12中之Ag凝集,可抑制層合透明導電膜 10中之電阻增加。另一方面,藉由將Ga含量設為30.0原子%以下,可抑制第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之電阻增加。再者,藉由將Ga含量設為18.0原子%以下,可進一步抑制第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之電阻增加。
又,為了抑制Ag膜12之Ag凝集,Ga含量下限較好為1.0原子%以上,更好為2.0原子%以上。且,為了確實抑制第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之電阻增加,Ga含量上限較好為25.0原子%以下,更好為20.0原子%以下,又更好為18.0原子%以下,再更好為14.0原子%以下。
又,藉由將第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13中所含之全部金屬元素之Ti含量設為0.1原子%以上,可提高第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之耐鹼性及耐環境性。另一方面,藉由將Ti含量設為10.0原子%以下,可抑制第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之電阻增加。
又,為了確實提高第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之耐鹼性及耐環境性,Ti含量下限較好為0.2原子%以上,更好為0.5原子%以上。又,為了確實抑制第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之電阻增加,Ti含量上限較好為9.0原子%以下,更好為8.0原子%以下。
再者,藉由將第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2 透明導電氧化物膜13中所含之全部金屬元素之Y含量設為0.1原子%以上,可提高透明導電氧化物膜之耐鹼性。另一方面,藉由將Y含量設為10.0原子%以下,可抑制第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之電阻增加。
又,為了確實提高第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之耐鹼性,Y含量下限較好為0.2原子%以上,更好為0.5原子%以上。又,為了確實抑制第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之電阻增加,Y含量上限較好為9.0原子%以下,更好為8.0原子%以下。
又,為了確實抑制第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之電阻增加,Ga、Ti及Y之合計含量較好為35.0原子%以下,更好為30.0原子%以下,又更好為25.0原子%以下。
此處,本實施形態中,為了提高透過率,Ag膜12之膜厚t2設定為10nm以下。又,於謀求透過率進一步提高之情況下,Ag膜12之膜厚t2較好設定為9nm以下,更好為8nm以下。且,Ag膜12之膜厚t2下限較好為3nm以上,更好為4nm以上。
而且,第1透明導電氧化物膜11之膜厚t1及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之膜厚t3,係設為使用各單層膜之光學常數(折射率及消光係數),以第1透明導電氧化物膜/Ag膜(Ag合金膜)/第2透明導電氧化物膜之3層構造進行光學模擬,而可藉光學干涉效果提高可見光區之透過率的膜厚。
第1透明導電氧化物膜11之膜厚t1(nm)及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之膜厚t3(nm)較好分別設為大約如以下之範圍的膜厚。
t1=550/(4×n1)×k1,t3=550/(4×n3)×k3
其中,n1、n3分別為第1透明導電氧化物膜11之折射率(n1)及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之折射率(n3)。且,k1、k3分別為第1透明導電氧化物膜11之係數(k1)及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之係數(k3)。亦即,上述光學模擬係以提高可見光區之透過率之方式將係數k1、k3之值最適化而求出膜厚。
又,係數k1、k3係根據透明導電氧化物而個別最適值不同,但係數k1、k3較好於0.2~0.8之範圍,更好為0.4~0.7之範圍。尤其,係數k1、k3為0.6左右時,無關於透明導電氧化物種類,而可提高可見光區之透過率。
本實施形態中,上述光學模擬結果,第1透明導電氧化物膜11之膜厚t1及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之膜厚t3較好設定為40nm以下。該等膜厚係將係數k1、k3為0.6左右時之膜厚。
其次,針對本發明實施形態之層合配線膜30及層合配線膜30之製造方法,參照圖2至圖4加以說明。
本實施形態之層合配線膜30如圖2所示,係於圖1所示之層合透明導電膜10上形成配線圖型者。此處,本實施形 態之層合配線膜30中,配線圖型係線寬及線間之間隔寬度為1μm以上900μm以下之範圍內。
此處,上述層合配線膜30係如以下製造。
首先,於作為基材之基板20的成膜面上,成膜本實施形態之層合透明導電膜10(層合透明導電膜成膜步驟S11)。
該層合透明導電膜成膜步驟S11中,於基板20上成膜作為基底層之第1透明導電氧化物膜11。第1透明導電氧化物膜11為了易於控制膜組成而較好使用燒結靶,藉由DC濺鍍成膜。其次,於經成膜之第1透明導電氧化物膜11上,使用Ag靶藉由DC濺鍍成膜Ag膜12。該Ag靶之組成設為對應於所成膜之Ag膜12之組成。接著,於成膜之Ag膜12上,使用透明導電氧化物靶藉由DC濺鍍成膜第2透明導電氧化物膜13。又,透明導電氧化物靶為了容易控制膜組成較好為燒結靶。如此,成膜本實施形態之層合透明導電膜10。
其次,於在基板20表面上成膜之層合透明導電膜10上形成阻劑膜41,對該阻劑膜41曝光、顯像,而形成配線圖型(阻劑膜形成步驟S12)。
其次,對於形成有阻劑膜41之層合透明導電膜10,使用含有磷酸、乙酸之酸性混合液作為蝕刻劑,總括地進行蝕刻(蝕刻步驟S13)。此處,含有磷酸、乙酸之酸性混合液中,磷酸含量較好為55體積%以下,乙酸含量較好為30體積%以下。混合液除磷酸及乙酸以外,亦可含有20體積 %以下之硝酸。
其次,使用鹼性之阻劑除去液,除去阻劑膜41(阻劑膜除去步驟S14)。
藉此,留下位於配線圖型形狀之阻劑膜41下側之層合透明導電膜10,形成具有配線圖型之層合配線膜30。
如以上構成之本實施形態之層合透明導電膜10中,由於於基板20表面形成作為基底層之第1透明導電氧化物膜11,於該第1透明導電氧化物膜11上成膜Ag膜12,故Ag膜12之濡濕性提高,即使較薄地成膜Ag膜12,亦可抑制Ag凝集。
再者,第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13由於耐環境性優異,故即使於濕度高的環境下使用時,亦可抑制水分侵入Ag膜12,可抑制Ag之凝集。
因此,於Ag膜12中可防止因Ag凝集所致之表面電漿子吸收之發生,可獲得高透過率。又,由於Ag膜12成為連續膜,故電阻亦低。
而且,本實施形態中,第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13係設為於Zn氧化物中,添加Ga、Ti、或Ga、Ti及Y者,於各透明導電氧化物膜中所含之全部金屬元素中之Ga、Ti及Y之原子比例為Ga:0.5原子%以上30.0原子%以下,Ti:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,Y:0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下。因此,藉由添加Ga可抑制Ag凝集,可抑制電阻增加。又,藉由添加Ti可提高耐鹼性及耐環境性。再者,藉由添加Y可提高耐鹼 性。
再者,本實施形態中,Ag膜12之厚度t2設定為10nm以下,故可提高透過率。又,由於於基板20表面形成作為基底層之第1透明導電氧化物膜11,故即使Ag膜12之厚度設定為10nm以下,Ag亦不凝集而為連續膜,可降低電阻。
又,本實施形態中,由於Ag膜12係以含有合計0.2原子%以上10.0原子%以下之Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上,且剩餘部分由Ag及無法避免的雜質所構成的Ag合金構成,故可進而抑制Ag膜12之凝集,即使進而更薄地形成Ag膜12亦可成為連續膜,可兼具高透過率與低電阻值。
再者,本實施形態中,層合透明導電膜10之波長400~800nm之可見光區之平均透過率為85%以上,薄片電阻值為20Ω/sq.以下,具有充分高的透過率及低電阻,故可作為微細化之透明電極膜或透明配線膜使用。
又,本實施形態之層合配線膜30由於係於本實施形態之層合透明導電膜10上形成配線圖型者,故具有低電阻及高透過率。
再者,本實施形態中,蝕刻步驟S13中,使用含有磷酸、乙酸之酸性混合液作為蝕刻劑時,Ag膜12與第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之蝕刻速度差較小,故即使總括地蝕刻該層合透明導電膜10,亦可 抑制Ag膜12之過度蝕刻或第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之殘渣等發生,可精度良好地形成配線圖型。
又,本實施形態中,藉由添加Ti或Ti及Y,而提高第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之耐鹼性,故於阻劑膜除去步驟S14中,即使使用鹼性之阻劑除去液除去阻劑膜,亦可抑制層合配線膜30之特性劣化。
以上,針對本發明實施形態加以說明,但本發明不限定於此,在不脫離本發明之技術思想之範圍內可適當變更。
例如,本實施形態中,Ag膜12係以含有合計0.2原子%以上10.0原子%以下之Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上,且剩餘部分由Ag及無法避免的雜質所構成的Ag合金構成者加以說明,但Ag膜12不限定於此,亦可為純Ag,或於Ag中含有固熔之其他金屬元素之Ag合金。
又,本實施形態中,第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之膜厚係作為40nm左右加以說明,但不限定於此,亦可為其他膜厚。但如本實施形態所記載,較好進行光學模擬,選擇可藉由光干涉效果提高透過率之膜厚。
再者,本實施形態中,對藉由蝕刻法製造層合配線膜30者加以說明,但不限定於此,亦可如圖5及圖6 所示,藉由剝離法製造層合配線膜30。
圖5及圖6所示之層合配線膜30之製造方法中,首先,於基板20之成膜面上成膜阻劑膜41,對該阻劑膜41曝光、顯像,形成反轉配線圖型之反轉圖型(阻劑膜形成步驟S21)。
其次,於形成有具有反轉圖型之阻劑膜41的基板20上,藉由濺鍍法,依序成膜第1透明導電氧化物膜11、Ag膜12及第2透明導電氧化物膜13。藉此,於阻劑膜41及基板20上形成層合透明導電膜10(層合透明導電膜成膜步驟S22)。
其次,使用鹼性之阻劑除去液,除去阻劑膜41(阻劑膜除去步驟S23)。
藉此,除去成膜於反轉圖型狀之阻劑膜41上之層合透明導電膜10,而形成具有配線圖型之層合配線膜30。
依據該構成之層合配線膜30之製造方法,不需進行蝕刻步驟,即可精度良好地形成配線圖型。又,由於藉由添加Ti或Ti及Y而提高第1透明導電氧化物膜11及第2透明導電氧化物膜13之耐鹼性,故於阻劑膜除去步驟S23中,即使使用鹼性之阻劑除去液除去阻劑膜,亦可抑制層合配線膜30之特性劣化。
[實施例]
針對本發明之層合透明導電膜之作用效果進行確認之確認實驗結果加以說明。
於玻璃基板(無鹼玻璃:50mm×50mm×1mmt)之表面,藉由濺鍍法成膜表1、2、3、4所示之構造之層合透明導電膜。又,比較例A、B中,藉由濺鍍法成膜ITO單層膜。又,僅比較例B,將玻璃基板加熱至200℃而成膜。
此處,透明導電氧化物膜之膜厚係進行實施形態中說明之光學模擬,選擇可藉由光學干涉效果提高可見光區之透過率之膜厚,於本發明例中,均設為40nm。
又,本發明之實施例及比較例中之Ag膜及透明導電氧化物膜之膜厚係使用膜厚計(ULVAC公司製,DEKTAK)測定。
又,透明導電氧化物膜及Ag合金膜之組成係使用ICP發光分光裝置(HITACH HIGH TEC SCIENCE公司製ICP發光分光分析裝置STS-35000DD)進行元素之定量分析而求得。
透明導電氧化物膜之製作中,使用表1、2、3、4中記載之組成之氧化物燒結體靶。
Ag膜之製作中,使用表1、2、3、4中記載之組成之Ag靶。各膜之成膜條件示於以下。
又,比較例中,ITO膜(於In2O3中添加Sn之氧化物)之組成係In:35.6原子%,Sn:3.6原子%,O:60.8原子%。
GZO膜(於ZnO中添加Ga之氧化物)之組成為Zn:47.3原子%,Ga:2.2原子%,O:50.5原子%。
<透明導電氧化物膜之成膜條件>
濺鍍裝置:DC磁控濺鍍裝置(ULVAC公司製CS-200)
磁場強度:1000高斯(靶正上方,垂直成分)
到達真空度:5×10-5Pa以下
濺鍍氣體:Ar+O2之混合氣體(O2之混合比:1%)
濺鍍氣體壓力:0.4Pa
濺鍍功率:DC100W
<Ag膜之成膜條件>
濺鍍裝置:DC磁控濺鍍裝置(ULVAC公司製CS-200)
磁場強度:1000高斯(靶正上方,垂直成分)
到達真空度:5×10-5Pa以下
濺鍍氣體:Ar
濺鍍氣體壓力:0.5Pa
濺鍍功率:DC100W
針對所得層合透明導電膜及ITO單層膜評價成膜後之薄片電阻及透過率。
又,評價恆溫恆濕試驗後之薄片電阻及透過率,及耐鹼性試驗後之薄片電阻及透過率。
再者,針對所得層合透明導電膜進行利用蝕刻法之圖型化試驗及利用剝離法之圖型化試驗。
評價方法示於以下。
<薄片電阻>
使用表面電阻測定器(三菱油化公司製Loresta AP MCP-T400),以四探針法測定薄片電阻。薄片電阻之測定結果分別示於表5、6、7、8。
<透過率>
使用分光光度計(HITACHI HIGH TECHNOLOGY公司製U4100),測定400nm至800nm之波長範圍之透過率光譜,求出平均透過率(透過率)。透過率之測定結果分別示於表9、10、11、12。
<恆溫恆濕試驗>
於溫度85℃、濕度85%之恆溫恆濕槽中放置250小時,測定試驗後之透過率及薄片電阻,評價自試驗前之變化率。
<耐鹼性試驗>
於溫度40℃之鹼性阻劑除去液(pH9,東京應化工業公司製TOK-104)浸漬10分鐘,測定浸漬後之透過率及薄片電阻,評價自浸漬前之變化率。
<利用蝕刻法之圖型化試驗>
針對上述層合透明導電膜,利用光微影法(光微影方法)於層合透明導電膜上形成線寬/間隔寬:30μm/30μm之配線圖型狀之阻劑膜。使用含有磷酸、乙酸之混合液(關東化學公司製SEA-5)作為蝕刻劑對其進行總括蝕刻。又, 蝕刻於無加熱下分別進行適當蝕刻時間(自20秒至120秒)。且,混合液中之磷酸含量為55體積%以下,乙酸含量為30體積%以下。
隨後,使用鹼性之阻劑除去液(pH9,東京應化工業公司製TOK-104)除去阻劑膜後,所形成之配線圖型以光學顯微鏡(KEYENCE公司製雷射顯微鏡VK-X200)以倍率50倍進行觀察,確認有無透明導電氧化物膜之殘渣。詳細而言,確認到未被蝕刻而以針狀或粒狀等之形狀殘存之透明導電氧化物膜之存在時判斷為有透明導電氧化物膜之殘渣,其以外判斷為無透明導電氧化物膜之殘渣。本發明例3及比較例2之觀察結果分別示於圖7(a)、(b)。又圖7(a)、(b)中,對線標註符號P,對間隔標註符號S,對過度蝕刻標度符號O,對殘渣標註符號R。
又,使用掃描電子顯微鏡(HITACHI HIGH TECHNOLOGY公司製SU8000)以倍率5000倍觀察除去阻劑膜之前的圖型剖面(正交於線及間隔之垂直於基板20之成膜面之剖面)。本發明例3之剖面形狀之觀察結果示於圖8。蝕刻至阻劑膜41之內部之部分設為過度蝕刻長度,自該等觀察圖像測定並求得自阻劑膜41之端部至內部之層合透明導電膜10之端度的長度L(平行於基板20之成膜面之方向的長度)。又,於與基板20之間本來應殘存層合透明導電膜10之阻劑圖型之邊界部(緣部)設為阻劑膜41之端部,於阻劑圖型與基板20之間殘存之層合透明導電膜10之內側端部中於平行於基板20之成膜面之方向的距離阻劑膜41之端部最遠之點設為 層合透明導電膜10之端部測定長度L。本發明例及比較例之各樣品之過度蝕刻長度分別示於表5、6、7、8。又,表5、6、7、8之過度蝕刻長度係觀察1個剖面所得之長度L之值。
又,剝離阻劑以目視觀察層合膜之表面。
<利用剝離法之圖型化試驗>
首先,於基板上塗佈阻劑液,附加形成有線寬/間隔寬:30μm/30μm之配線圖型之光罩以曝光機照射紫外線後,以顯像液除去感光之部分,利用剝離法形成反轉圖型。
其次,於形成反轉圖型之基板上,如上述使用濺鍍裝置成膜層合透明導電膜。
其次,浸漬於阻劑除去液(pH9,東京應化工業公司製TOK-104),除去阻劑膜上成膜之層合透明導電膜後,所形成之配線圖型以光學顯微鏡(KEYENCE公司製雷射顯微鏡VK-X200)以倍率50倍進行觀察,確認電極圖型之精度。又,於線(P)確認到膜剝離或阻劑殘渣時判斷為未精度良好地形成電極圖型,其以外判斷為精度良好地形成電極圖型。
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0027-1
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0028-3
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0029-4
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0030-5
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0031-6
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0032-7
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0033-8
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0034-9
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0035-10
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0036-11
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0037-12
Figure 106109572-A0202-12-0038-13
本發明例中,成膜後之平均透過率均超過85%,再者成膜後薄片電阻均為20Ω/sq.以下,確認獲得透 過率優異且電阻充分低的層合透明導電膜。
另一方面,比較例中,成膜後之平均透過率均85%以下,成膜後薄片電阻與Ag膜之膜厚相同之樣品比較時,相較於本發明例變較高。推測係因為Ag膜中發生Ag凝集之故。
又,比較例A中,ITO單層膜以600nm較厚地形成,薄片電阻成為10Ω/sq.以下,但平均透過率為76.4%而大為劣化。
再者,比較例B中,藉由將玻璃基板加熱至200℃,於膜厚為180nm時薄片電阻成為10Ω/sq.以下,但平均透過率為85%以下。
又,恆溫恆濕試驗之結果,本發明例中,確認恆溫恆濕試驗後之透過率及薄片電阻之變化率小,耐環境性優異。
另一方面,比較例中,除A、B以外,恆溫恆濕試驗後之透過率或薄片電阻之變化率大,耐環境性不足。
再者,耐鹼性試驗之結果,本發明例中,確認耐鹼性試驗後之透過率及薄片電阻之變化率小,耐鹼性優異。
另一方面,比較例中,比較例13~24之樣品,耐鹼性試驗後之透過率及薄片電阻之變化率大,耐鹼性不足。
且,利用蝕刻法之圖型化試驗之結果,本發明例中,如表5、6、7及圖7(a)所示,層合膜之過度蝕刻長度為1μm以上,確認可精度良好地形成無透明導電氧化物 膜之殘渣之配線圖型。
另一方面,比較例中,如表8及圖7(b)所示,任一層合膜之過度蝕刻O的長度大於1μm,且亦發生透明導電氧化物膜之殘渣R,藉由總括蝕刻,難以精度良好地形成配線圖型。
且,剝離阻劑以目視觀察層合膜之表面後,本發明例與試驗前相比未見到變化,相對於此,將未添加Y、Ti之GZO膜作為透明導電氧化物之比較例13~24之層合膜,阻劑剝離後,到處觀察到膜剝落。
又,利用剝離法之圖型試驗結果,本發明例中,確認可精度良好地形成配線圖型。
另一方面,將未添加Y、Ti之GZO膜作為透明導電氧化物之比較例13~24之層合膜,阻劑除去後,到處觀察到膜剝落。
由以上,確認依據本發明,即使較薄地形成Ag膜,亦可提供Ag不凝集,透過率高,電阻值低的層合透明導電膜。
[產業上之可利用性]
本發明之層合透明導電膜由於透過率充分高,且電阻充分低,耐環境性及耐鹼性優異,不易發生過度蝕刻,故適合於顯示器或觸控面板等之透明電極膜。
10‧‧‧合透明導電膜
11‧‧‧1透明導電氧化物膜(透明導電氧化物膜)
12‧‧‧g膜
13‧‧‧2透明導電氧化物膜(透明導電氧化物膜)
20‧‧‧板

Claims (12)

  1. 一種層合透明導電膜,其特徵為:具有由Ag或Ag合金所構成的Ag膜、及配置於前述Ag膜的兩面之透明導電氧化物膜,前述透明導電氧化物膜,係由含有Zn、Ga及Ti之氧化物所形成,且前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含的全部金屬元素的原子比例為:Ga;1.0原子%以上30.0原子%以下,Ti;0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
  2. 如請求項1之層合透明導電膜,其中前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含的全部金屬元素的原子比例為:Ga;14.0原子%以上30.0原子%以下,Ti;0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
  3. 如請求項1之層合透明導電膜,其中前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含的全部金屬元素的原子比例為:Ga;1.0原子%以上18.0原子%以下,Ti;0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
  4. 如請求項3之層合透明導電膜,其中前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含的全部金屬元素的原子比例為:Ga;1.0原子%以上14.0原子%以下,Ti;0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
  5. 如請求項1之層合透明導電膜,其中形成前述透明導電氧化物膜之氧化物進一步含有Y。
  6. 如請求項5之層合透明導電膜,其中前述透明導電氧化物膜中所含的全部金屬元素的原子比例為:Ga;1.0原子%以上30.0原子%以下,Ti;0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,Y;0.1原子%以上10.0原子%以下,其餘為Zn。
  7. 如請求項1至6中任一項之層合透明導電膜,其中前述Ag膜係由Ag合金所構成,該Ag合金含有合計0.2原子%以上10.0原子%以下之Cu、Sn、Sb、Ti、Mg、Zn、Ge、In、Al、Ga、Pd、Au、Pt、Bi、Mn、Sc、Y、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Er之中的1種或2種以上,且剩餘部分由Ag及無法避免的雜質所構成。
  8. 如請求項1至6中任一項之層合透明導電膜,其中前述Ag膜的厚度為10nm以下。
  9. 如請求項1至6中任一項之層合透明導電膜,其中波長400~800nm之可見光區的平均透過率為85%以上,薄片電阻值為20Ω/sq.以下。
  10. 一種層合配線膜,其特徵為:由如請求項1至9中任一 項之層合透明導電膜所構成,且具有配線圖型。
  11. 一種層合配線膜之製造方法,其係如請求項10之層合配線膜之製造方法,其特徵為具備:在基材的成膜面使含有前述Ag膜及前述透明導電氧化物膜之前述層合透明導電膜成膜之層合透明導電膜成膜步驟;在前述層合透明導電膜上形成配線圖型狀之阻劑膜之阻劑膜形成步驟;使用含有磷酸、乙酸之酸性的混合液作為蝕刻劑,對於形成有前述阻劑膜的前述層合透明導電膜總括地進行蝕刻之蝕刻步驟;及在蝕刻後除去前述阻劑膜之阻劑膜除去步驟。
  12. 一種層合配線膜之製造方法,其係如請求項10之層合配線膜之製造方法,其特徵為具備:在基材的成膜面形成配線圖型的反轉圖型狀之阻劑膜之阻劑膜形成步驟;在形成有前述阻劑膜的前述基材的成膜面使含有前述Ag膜及前述透明導電氧化物膜之前述層合透明導電膜成膜之層合透明導電膜成膜步驟;及除去前述阻劑膜之阻劑膜除去步驟。
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