TWI765923B - 吸附劑及除臭加工製品 - Google Patents
吸附劑及除臭加工製品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI765923B TWI765923B TW106135491A TW106135491A TWI765923B TW I765923 B TWI765923 B TW I765923B TW 106135491 A TW106135491 A TW 106135491A TW 106135491 A TW106135491 A TW 106135491A TW I765923 B TWI765923 B TW I765923B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- adsorbent
- acid gas
- deodorizing
- present
- resin
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- KGBUQHGXOAESDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].OOO Chemical compound [Zr].OOO KGBUQHGXOAESDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#C)C(OC)=C1 IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazole-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=CN1 XYHKNCXZYYTLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-Methylbutanoic acid Natural products CC(C)CC([O-])=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MRLRUGDJHCWHPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(Cl)Cl.[Zr].[Hf] Chemical compound O(Cl)Cl.[Zr].[Hf] MRLRUGDJHCWHPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-methyl-butyric acid Natural products CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 2
- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHCFOMQHQIQBLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;phthalic acid Chemical compound N.N.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O CHCFOMQHQIQBLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
- A61L9/014—Deodorant compositions containing sorbent material, e.g. activated carbon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
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Abstract
本發明提供一種化學吸附性能高且不會產生樹脂劣化的酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,並提供使用該吸附劑而發揮優異除臭性能的紙、不織布及纖維等除臭加工製品。酸性氣體用化學吸附劑係將下述式(1)所示非晶質氫氧化氧鋯作為主成分,除臭加工製品係塗佈或混練加工有前述酸性氣體用化學吸附劑而成者。 (ZrO)1-x
(HfO)x
(OH)y
.zH2
O (1) 式(1)中,x、y及z為正數,且為滿足x=0.0001~0.005、y=1.9~3.0、z=0.05~1.0的數。
Description
發明領域 本發明是一種由非晶質氫氧化氧鋯所構成的酸性氣體用吸附劑。關係到能提供加工性優異且即使於樹脂等中進行混練加工,著色亦少,使用該吸附劑而發揮優異除臭性能的紙、纖維、薄膜、塑膠成形品等除臭加工製品。
背景技術 近年來對於日常生活中的臭氣之關心提高,為了減低不良氣味或惡臭,目前提出各種室內放置型或噴霧式之除臭製品、除臭壁紙、除臭窗簾、除臭衣物等除臭加工製品。不良氣味或惡臭亦包括在照護中的排泄臭味或是寵物的動物臭味等酸性氣體所致室內臭氣之課題,目前加入除臭性能與安全性而提出許多吸附劑。
於專利文獻1中揭示有一種酸性成分吸附劑,其特徵在於:成形再水合性氧化鋁粉末,接著,於室溫~120℃之水蒸氣環境氣體下保持後進行焙燒,使所製得氧化鋁載體上存在有以氧化物換算計2~15重量%之鹼金屬鹽而構成。於專利文獻2中揭示有一種酸性惡臭氣體用除臭劑,其特徵在於由水合氧化鋯或氧化鋯所構成。於專利文獻3中揭示有一種水合氧化鋯,作為消除乙酸、異戊酸、丁酸等酸性氣體所致惡臭之除臭劑。於專利文獻4中揭示,含有成分(a)三聚磷酸鋁、成分(b)氧化鋅、成分(c)膨潤石及成分(d)水而構成的除臭劑對於含有乙酸等的惡臭具有除臭效果。於專利文獻5中揭示,茶葉熱水萃取物-絲膠複合體對於乙酸等的除臭性能優異。又,於專利文獻6中記載有一種使用了賦予複數種除臭劑的布帛之內裝,並揭示出氧化鋅作為對酸性氣體系臭味有效的除臭劑。
先前技術文獻 專利文獻 專利文獻1:日本特開平6-190274號公報 專利文獻2:日本特開平10-155884號公報 專利文獻3:日本特開2002-200149號公報 專利文獻4:日本特開2009-90012號公報 專利文獻5:日本特開2012-147984號公報 專利文獻6:日本特開2014-54754號公報
發明概要 發明欲解決之課題 上述中所提出酸性氣體用除臭劑是顯現酸性氣體吸附效果的優異吸附劑。然而,由於其吸附容量不足,因此,於樹脂中進行混練加工時,必須有非常多的添加量。又,若鋅化合物或鹼性強的除臭劑於樹脂中進行混練加工,則會有樹脂劣化的問題。 故,本發明之課題在提供一種化學吸附性能高且不會產生樹脂劣化的化學吸附劑。又,提供使用該吸附劑而發揮優異除臭性能的紙、不織布及纖維等除臭加工製品。
用以解決課題之手段 發明人發現一種優異之化學吸附劑,其改良迄今已知可顯現除臭性能的水合氧化氧鋯,藉此顯現極高之除臭性能。又,亦發現塗佈或混練加工有該吸附劑的紙、不織布、纖維、塑膠成形品等,著色或變色等外觀上的問題少,可顯現高除臭性能。 即,本發明如以下所示。 1.一種酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,係以下述式(1)所示非晶質氫氧化氧鋯作為主成分者: (ZrO)1-x
(HfO)x
(OH)y
.zH2
O (1) 式(1)中,x、y及z為正數,且為滿足x=0.0001~0.005、y=1.9~3.0、z=0.05~1.0的數。 2.如上述1之酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,該吸附劑之乙酸氣體化學吸附量為20mL/g以上。 3.如上述1.或2.之酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,該吸附劑之BET比表面積為100m2
/g以上。 4.如上述1.至3.中任一項之酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,該吸附劑之藉由雷射繞射粒度分布計所測定之平均粒度為0.1μm~10μm。 5.一種除臭加工製品,該製品塗佈或混練加工有如上述1.至4.中任一項之酸性氣體用化學吸附劑。
發明效果 於本發明中的酸性氣體用化學吸附劑特別是酸性氣體吸附性能高,且不易產生樹脂劣化。吸附劑之色調呈現白色,且由於是微粒子,因此,可於紙或纖維等製品中進行塗佈或混練加工,且可提供使用該吸附劑而發揮優異除臭性能的紙、不織布及纖維等除臭加工製品。
用以實施發明之形態 以下詳細說明本發明。另,只要未特別事先聲明,%是表示質量%,份是表示質量份。 本發明係將非晶質氫氧化氧鋯作為主成分的酸性氣體用化學吸附劑(以下亦僅稱作「吸附劑」)。非晶質意味著在粉末X射線繞射測定中,起因於結晶構造的明確繞射峰值並不存在,或者是極少。非晶質之粉末與氣體之接觸面積大,因此,吸附性極為優異。
於本發明中的酸性氣體意味著構成惡臭原因的酸性氣體,具體而言為乙酸、異戊酸及丁酸等。
氫氧化氧鋯一般是以ZrO(OH)2
表示之化合物。鋯化合物之催化活性比鈦化合物或鋅化合物弱,因此,不易產生樹脂劣化。於本發明中的氫氧化氧鋯(本發明之吸附劑)之酸性氣體吸附性優異,因此,特別是以下述式(1)所示之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯。 (ZrO)1-x
(HfO)x
(OH)y
.zH2
O (1) 於式(1)中,x、y及z為正數,且為滿足x=0.0001~0.005、y=1.9~3.0、z=0.05~1.0的數。 x之理想範圍為0.0002~0.002,更為理想的是0.0005~0.001。若x值低於0.0001或高於0.005,則吸附性降低。y之理想範圍為2.0~2.9,更為理想的是2.1~2.8。若y值小於1.9,則吸附性不足,若大於3.0,則催化性增加,有時容易產生樹脂劣化。z之理想範圍為0.05~0.50,更為理想的是0.07~0.20。若z值小於0.05,則吸附量不足,若大於1.0,則樹脂加工時容易產生發泡等。 另,於本發明中的「主成分」是指該成分相對於全體之含量為50質量%以上,較為理想的是80質量%以上,更為理想的是90質量%以上。又,上限值為100質量%。 又,即使相對於吸附劑稍微含有其他成分,亦不會牽涉到除臭性能的降低,因此不成問題,但亦不會大幅地提升除臭性能。 上述x、y及z是自螢光X射線分析之測定結果算出元素分析比之值。
於本發明中的非晶質氫氧化氧鋯之乙酸氣體化學吸附容量宜為20mL/g以上。又,上限並無特殊限制,惟理想的是200mL/g以下,更為理想的是100mL/g以下。 所謂吸附容量為化合物可除臭、吸收、吸附的特定氣體成分之最大量。不過,大多是顯示藉由物理吸附與化學吸附兩吸附機制所吸附的吸附容量。將除臭劑之化學吸附容量與物理吸附容量進行區分的方法是將吸附試驗溫度設為高溫而測定吸附容量。物理吸附於高溫下無法吸附,因此,藉由將吸附試驗溫度設為40℃以上,可以僅區分出化學吸附容量而進行測定。具體的乙酸氣體化學吸附容量之測定方法如下。 於乙酸氣體不易吸附且屬於不透氣材質的乙烯醇系聚合物或聚酯等之試驗袋中放入除臭劑並密封,且於該密封試驗袋中注入乙酸氣體後,於40℃以上之恆溫器中保存。在剛注入乙酸氣體後與保存一定時間後,測定試驗袋中的殘存乙酸氣體濃度。此時,將保存一定時間後的殘存氣體濃度構成初期氣體濃度之1/10以上的時間點設為吸附性能失效點,並將此時的殘存氣體濃度與初期氣體濃度之差設為吸附劑所吸附、吸收的乙酸氣體量。小於上述吸附容量的吸附劑之吸附性能低,因此,無法獲得滿意之除臭效果。
於本發明中的非晶質氫氧化氧鋯之BET比表面積宜為100m2
/g以上。更為理想的比表面積為250~400m2
/g。若比表面積為100m2
/g以上,則可獲得高吸附容量,若為400m2
/g以下,則製造容易,且可抑制加工時產生凝結等問題。
於本發明中的非晶質氫氧化氧鋯為白色粉末,其粉末色彩宜為L值90~99、a值-2~5、b值-2~5。若Lab色空間顯示位於前述範圍內,則可將除臭劑使用在廣泛用途中。
本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯之粒度宜為平均粒度0.1μm~10μm,更為理想的是0.5μm~3μm。若平均粒度為0.1μm以上,則可抑制凝結,加工性優異,若平均粒度為10μm以下,則於微細纖維或薄膜等中的加工容易,成形品之外觀優異。又,最大粒度宜為20μm以下,更為理想的是5μm以下。若最大粒度為20μm以下,則加工容易,成形品之外觀優異。
上述平均粒度表示藉由雷射繞射粒度分布計所測定以體積基準分析結果的粒度D50之值。
本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯之製造方法可應用習知技術,原料、製法或設備等並無限制。以下顯示該製造方法之概要。 本發明之氫氧化氧鋯例如可藉由以下步驟製得:第一步驟,將可溶性鋯鹽及可溶性鉿鹽溶解於水中,並調製水溶液;第二步驟,於上述水溶液中加入鹼而生成氫氧化物;及第三步驟,將上述氫氧化物分離回收。
於第一步驟中使用的可溶性鋯鹽只要是對水呈可溶性,則無特殊限制,亦可使用藉由公知製法所製得者或市售品。舉例言之,可使用硝酸氧鋯等硝酸鹽、氯化鋯、氧氯化鋯等氯化物、乙酸鋯等乙酸鹽等。於本發明中,其中特別宜為氧氯化鋯。可溶性鋯鹽水溶液之濃度只要依照所使用可溶性鋯鹽之溶解度等適當地設定即可,可設為在水溶液1公升中,氧化鋯宜為10~200g,更為理想的是50~100g。
於第一步驟中使用的可溶性鉿鹽只要是對水呈可溶性,則無特殊限制,亦可使用藉由公知製法所製得者或市售品。舉例言之,宜為鋯化合物中含有鉿者,若考慮反應性或經濟性等,則宜為含有鉿之氧氯化鋯。於本發明中,若由所製得酸性氣體用化學吸附劑之性能來看,則鉿之含有率宜相對於鋯為0.2%以上~5%以下,更為理想的是1%以上~4%以下。
於第一步驟中,亦可於上述水溶液中添加水解劑。水解劑例如可使用:硫酸等無機酸、酞酸等有機酸、硫酸銨、硫酸鋁等無機酸鹽、酞酸銨、酞酸鈉等有機酸鹽。水解劑之添加量可依照所使用水解劑之種類、上述水溶液之種類等適當地變更,一般而言,只要是用以與上述水溶液中的可溶性鋯鹽全體反應而生成漿液充分的量即可,亦可相較於其化學計量添加過量之水解劑。
其次,於第二步驟中,於鋯水溶液及可溶性鉿鹽中加入鹼而生成氫氧化物。使用的鹼種類並無特殊限制,例如可使用氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、氨、碳酸鈉、碳酸銨等。鹼之添加量只要可生成氫氧化物,則無特殊限制,通常調整為加入鹼而生成氫氧化物的漿液pH宜為9以上,更為理想的是12.5以上。另,前述pH之上限值為14。
最後,第三步驟是將第二步驟中所生成氫氧化物分離回收。分離回收之方法只要遵循公知固液分離方法即可。舉例言之,可使用過濾、離心分離法、傾析等。藉此,可製得本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯先質。分離回收後,亦可視需要將所製得非晶質氫氧化氧鋯先質進行水洗。所製得非晶質氫氧化氧鋯先質必須進行乾燥處理。乾燥方法只要藉由公知乾燥方法來實施即可,又,亦可為自然乾燥或加熱乾燥中之任一者。本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯宜以50℃~150℃,更為理想的是80℃~130℃進行加熱乾燥。若乾燥溫度為150℃以下,則可抑制結晶化等,且可輕易地取得理想之氫氧化氧鋯組成。加熱乾燥時之環境氣體並無特殊限制,於本發明中,宜於減壓下進行。藉由於減壓下進行加熱乾燥,可防止大氣中的二氧化碳之吸附,且可獲得乾燥時間之縮短等效果。乾燥後,視需要亦可藉由公知方法將氫氧化鋯粉碎。
○用途 本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯可於粉末或顆粒狀態下直接使用作為放入匣等容器中的除臭製品,藉由靜置於室內或室外之惡臭產生源附近等,可發揮其效果。再者,本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯可如以下所詳述,摻合於纖維、塗料、片料或成型品等中,利用來製造除臭製品。
可運用本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯的有用用途之一為除臭纖維。此時的原料纖維可為天然纖維及合成纖維中之任一者,又,亦可為短纖維、長纖維及具有芯鞘構造的複合纖維等中任一者。對纖維使用本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯而賦予除臭性能的方法並無特殊限制,舉例言之,於後加工中將本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯塗佈於纖維時,可藉由塗佈或浸漬等方法,使含有非晶質氫氧化氧鋯的水系或有機溶劑系懸浮液附著於纖維表面,並藉由除去溶劑,塗覆於纖維表面。又,亦可混合用以增加對纖維表面之附著力之黏結劑。含有非晶質氫氧化氧鋯的水系懸浮液之pH並無特殊限制,為了充分地發揮吸附劑之性能,pH宜為6~9左右。
又,可於業已熔融的液狀纖維用樹脂或業已溶解的纖維用樹脂溶液中混練本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯,並藉由將其纖維化,製得業已賦予除臭性能的纖維。可於該方法中使用的纖維用樹脂可使用公知化學纖維中之任一者。作為其理想的具體例,舉例言之,包括聚酯、耐綸、丙烯酸、聚乙烯(polyethylene)、聚乙烯(polyvinyl)、聚亞乙烯(polyvinylidene)、聚胺基甲酸酯及聚苯乙烯等。該等樹脂可為單獨聚合物,亦可為共聚物。於共聚物之情形時,各共聚合成分之聚合比例並無特殊限制。
纖維用樹脂中所含本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯之比例並無特殊限制。一般而言,若使含量增加,則可強力發揮除臭性能,並且長時間維持,然而,即便含有一定程度以上,有時除臭效果亦不會產生大幅差異,或者纖維之強度降低,因此,較為理想的是纖維用樹脂每100質量份為0.1~10質量份,更為理想的是0.5~5質量份。使用了本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯的除臭纖維可利用在各種必須具有除臭性能的領域中,舉例言之,可使用在汗衫、長襪、短襪、被褥、被套、座墊、毛毯、地毯、窗簾、沙發、汽車座椅、空氣過濾器、照護用衣物等許多纖維製品中。
可運用本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯的其他用途為除臭塗料。在製造除臭塗料時,所使用構成塗料載具之主成分的油脂或樹脂並無特殊限制,可為天然植物油、天然樹脂、半合成樹脂及合成樹脂中之任一者,又,亦可為熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂中之任一者。作為可使用的油脂及樹脂,舉例言之,包括亞麻仁油、桐油、大豆油等乾性油或半乾性油、松脂、硝化纖維素、乙基纖維素、乙酸丁酸纖維素、苄基纖維素、酚醛清漆型或可溶酚醛樹脂型之酚樹脂、醇酸樹脂、胺基醇酸樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、氯乙烯、聚矽氧樹脂、氟樹脂、環氧樹脂、胺基甲酸酯樹脂、飽和聚酯樹脂、三聚氰胺樹脂及聚二氯亞乙烯樹脂等。
本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯亦可使用在液狀塗料、粉體塗料中之任一者。 又,使用了本發明之非晶質氫氧化氧鋯的除臭塗料組成物可為藉由任意機制硬化之形式,具體而言,包括氧化聚合型、濕氣聚合型、加熱硬化型、催化劑硬化型、紫外線硬化型及聚醇硬化型等。又,塗料組成物中所使用顏料、分散劑及其他添加劑除了可能與微粒子氧化鋅或與其併用的除臭物質引起化學反應者以外之外,並無特殊限制。使用了本發明之吸附劑的塗料組成物可輕易地調製,具體而言,只要使用球磨機、輥磨機、分散機或混合機等一般的混合裝置,將上述吸附劑或除臭組成物與塗料成分充分地分散、混合即可。
除臭塗料中所含本發明之吸附劑之比例並無特殊限制。一般而言,若使含量增加,則可強力發揮除臭性能,並且長時間維持,然而,即便含有一定程度以上,除臭效果亦不會產生大幅差異,或者塗裝面之光澤消失,抑或產生破裂,因此,較為理想的是塗料組成物每100質量份為0.1~20質量份,更為理想的是0.5~10質量份。摻合有本發明之吸附劑的除臭塗料可利用在各種必須具有除臭性能的領域中,舉例言之,可於建築物、車輛、鐵路等的內壁、外壁、垃圾焚化場設施、廚餘容器等中使用。
又,本發明之吸附劑之重要其他用途之一為除臭片。構成原料的片材其材質、微構造等並無限制。理想材質為樹脂、紙等,或是該等之複合物,較為理想的是多孔質材質者。片材之理想具體例包括:日本紙、合成紙、不織布、樹脂薄膜等,特別理想的片材是由天然紙漿及/或合成紙漿所構成的紙。若使用天然紙漿,則吸附劑粒子之粉末會夾在微細分枝的纖維間,特別是具有即使未使用結合劑,亦可構成實用之載持體之優點,另一方面,合成紙漿則具有耐藥品性優異之優點。當使用合成紙漿時,有時會難以藉由將粉體夾入纖維間而載持吸附劑粒子,因此,亦可於抄紙後的乾燥步驟中,使纖維之一部分熔融而增加粉末與纖維間之附著力,或是在纖維之一部分中混入其他熱硬化性樹脂纖維。依此,若以適當比例混合、使用天然紙漿與合成紙漿,則可製得調整過各種特性的紙,一般而言,若合成紙漿之比例增多,則可製得強度、耐水性、耐藥品性及耐油性等優異的紙,另一方面,若天然紙漿之比例增多,則可製得吸水性、透氣性、親水性、成形加工性及觸感等優異的紙。
使本發明之吸附劑載持於片材之方法並無特殊限制。本發明之吸附劑之載持可於片料製造時或片料製造後之任一者,舉例言之,當載持於紙時,包括以下方法:於抄紙步驟之任一步驟中導入吸附劑,或是將與黏結劑一同地分散有吸附劑之液體,塗佈、浸漬或噴霧於預先所製造的紙上。 以下,說明抄紙步驟時導入本發明之吸附劑之方法作為一例。抄紙步驟本身可遵循公知方法來進行,舉例言之,首先,在以預定比例含有吸附劑及紙漿的漿液中,將陽離子性及陰離子性之凝結劑分別添加總漿液質量之5質量%以下而生成凝結體。接著,將該凝結體藉由公知方法進行抄紙,同時以溫度100℃~190℃使其乾燥,藉此,可製得載持有吸附劑的紙。
本發明之吸附劑於片材上的載持量一般若使載持量增加,則可強力發揮除臭性能,並且長時間維持,然而,即便載持一定程度以上,除臭效果亦不會產生大幅差異,因此,吸附劑之理想載持量於抄紙步驟時使吸附劑或除臭組成物載持於片料表面與內部全體之情形時,片料每100質量份為0.1~10質量份,於藉由塗覆等於後加工中使吸附劑僅載持於片料表面之情形時,則為0.05~15g/m2
。使用了本發明之吸附劑的除臭片可利用在各種必須具有除臭性能的領域中,舉例言之,包括醫療用包裝紙、食品用包裝紙、電子機器用捆包紙、照護用紙製品、保鮮紙、紙製衣料、空氣清淨過濾器、壁紙、衛生紙、廁紙等。
○樹脂成形品 本發明之吸附劑之用途可舉例如樹脂成形品中的應用。於樹脂中添加本發明之吸附劑時,可將樹脂與吸附劑直接混合並投入成形機進行成型,亦可預先調製高濃度含有吸附劑的顆粒狀樹脂,並將其與主樹脂混合後進行成型。又,為了改善物性,於樹脂中亦可視需要摻合顏料、染料、抗氧化劑、耐光安定劑、抗靜電劑、發泡劑、耐衝擊強化劑、玻璃纖維、防濕劑及增量劑等各種其他添加劑。用以製造使用了本發明之吸附劑的除臭性樹脂成形品之成型方法可使用射出成型、押出成型、充氣成型、真空成型等一般的樹脂成型方法。使用了本發明之吸附劑或除臭組成物的除臭性樹脂成形品可利用在各種必須具有除臭性能的領域中,舉例言之,包括空氣清淨器、冰箱等家電製品、垃圾箱、濾水器等一般家庭用品、可攜式廁所等各種照護用品或日用品等。
實施例 以下,藉由實施例更具體地說明本發明,惟並不限於此。另,%為質量%。本發明之吸附劑之粉末物性及除臭性能是藉由以下方法進行測定。 (1)粉末結晶性 粉末結晶性是使用理學(RIGAKU)公司製X射線繞射裝置「RINT2400V」(型號),藉由Cu Kα射線來進行,並獲得X射線繞射影像。測定條件設為管電壓40kV及電流150mA。若可獲得明確之繞射峰值,則屬於結晶質,若無法獲得,則判定為非晶質。 (2)元素組成 使用理學(RIGAKU)公司製ZSX100e型螢光X射線分析裝置,藉由螢光X射線分析進行測定,以物質量基準分析結果而算出元素組成(莫耳)比。 (3)D50粒度 吸附劑之粒度D50之測定是藉由雷射繞射式粒度分布計進行測定,以體積基準分析結果。另,依據該分析方法,粒度分布之含有率%為全體粒子中的體積%,惟測定粉末之密度固定,因此,具有與質量%相同的意思。具體而言,藉由莫爾文(MALVERN)公司製雷射繞射式粒度分布測定裝置「MS2000」進行測定。 (4)BET比表面積 依據JIS Z8830:2001、「利用氣體吸附之粉體(固體)之比表面積測定方法」,使用堀場製作所(股)製連續流動式表面積計「SA-6200」進行測定。 (5)粉末之乙酸氣體化學吸附容量 將業已乾燥的吸附劑粉末0.01g放入乙烯醇系聚合物薄膜製之試驗袋中,在此注入乙酸氣體(初期濃度100ppm)3L,並藉由氣體檢測管,測定30分鐘後泰德拉採樣袋(Tedlar bag)中的殘存氣體濃度。 (6)除臭加工製品之除臭性能 將加工製品面積100cm2
放入乙烯醇系聚合物薄膜製之試驗袋中,在此注入乙酸氣體(初期濃度30ppm)或氨氣(初期濃度100ppm)3L,並藉由氣體檢測管,測定2小時後試驗袋中的殘存氣體濃度。
<實施例1> 一面攪拌氧氯化鋯鉿之5%水溶液,一面緩慢地加入氫氧化鈉之5%水溶液,並將pH調整為13,藉此,調整白色析出物之漿液。將所製得漿液過濾、水洗後,以100℃進行乾燥。將業已乾燥的白色粉末粉碎,並製得非晶質氫氧化氧鋯粉末。測定所製得非晶質氫氧化氧鋯之組成、粒度D50、比表面積、粉末之乙酸除臭容量,並記載於表1中。
<實施例2> 除了將pH調整為11外,進行與實施例1相同的操作、分析等,表1中顯示結果。
<實施例3> 除了將pH調整為9外,進行與實施例1相同的操作、分析等,表1中顯示結果。
<實施例4> 除了以130℃進行乾燥外,進行與實施例1相同的操作、分析等,表1中顯示結果。
<比較例1> 除了於氧氯化鋯鉿之5%水溶液中加入草酸2%,並以250℃進行乾燥外,進行與實施例1相同的操作、分析等,表1中顯示結果。 <比較例2> 除了於氧氯化鋯之5%水溶液中加入草酸2%,並以200℃進行乾燥外,進行與實施例1相同的操作、分析等,表1中顯示結果。 <比較例3> 表1中記載使用市售氫氧化鋯並測定組成、粒度D50、比表面積、乙酸之化學吸附容量之結果。 <比較例4> 表1中記載使用市售非晶質氧化鋅並測定組成、粒度D50、比表面積、乙酸之化學吸附容量之結果。 <比較例5> 表1中記載使用市售水滑石並測定組成、粒度D50、比表面積、乙酸之化學吸附容量之結果。
<評價1>除臭劑撒佈加工布料 使用實施例1~4、比較例1~3之吸附劑作為除臭劑,使該等除臭劑相對於水100質量份分散1質量份後,於該分散液中摻合丙烯酸黏結劑,使黏結劑固形成分構成1質量份而調製加工液。將聚酯布料浸漬於該加工液中,進行加工使加工後的除臭劑撒佈量構成1g/m2
,並以120℃進行乾燥。表2中顯示使用所製得除臭劑撒佈加工布料100cm2
而實施使用乙酸氣體的吸附試驗之結果。
<評價2>除臭樹脂成形品 使用實施例1~4、比較例1~5之吸附劑作為除臭劑,並於尤尼吉可(UNITIKA)(股)製聚酯樹脂MA2101中摻合該等除臭劑4%,加工出厚度1mm之射出成型板。表2中顯示使用所製得成形板100cm2
而實施使用乙酸氣體的除臭試驗之結果。比較例4及5中聚酯樹脂劣化無法成形,因此,無法製得板材。
<評價3>複合除臭劑撒佈加工布料 使用實施例1~4及比較例4~5之吸附劑作為除臭劑,使該等除臭劑相對於水100質量份分散0.5質量份後,摻合丙烯酸黏結劑,使黏結劑固形成分構成0.5質量份而調製加工液。將聚酯布料浸漬於該加工液中,進行加工使加工後的除臭劑撒佈量構成0.5g/m2
,並以120℃進行乾燥。同樣地,使相對於水100質量份以質量比1:1混合有實施例1~4及比較例4~5之除臭劑與磷酸鋯的除臭劑,相對於水100質量份分散1質量份後,摻合丙烯酸黏結劑,使黏結劑固形成分構成1質量份而調製加工液。將聚酯布料浸漬於該加工液中,進行加工使加工後的除臭劑撒佈量構成1g/m2
,並以120℃進行乾燥。再者,使藉由磷酸鋯單品所構成的除臭劑相對於水100質量份分散0.5質量份後,摻合丙烯酸黏結劑,使黏結劑固形成分構成0.5質量份而調製加工液。將聚酯布料浸漬於該加工液中,進行加工使加工後的除臭劑撒佈量構成1g/m2
,並以120℃進行乾燥。表3中顯示使用所製得除臭劑撒佈加工布料100cm2
而實施使用乙酸氣體及氨氣的吸附試驗之結果。
相較於比較例1~3之吸附劑,實施例1~4之吸附劑的乙酸氣體化學吸附容量高,於評價1之除臭評價之撒佈加工布料中顯示優異之除臭性能。又,於評價2之除臭樹脂成型品中亦顯示充分之除臭性能。
實施例1~4及比較例4及5之吸附劑對於乙酸的化學吸附容量可謂充足。然而,於評價2之除臭樹脂成型品之除臭評價中,比較例4及5對聚酯樹脂無法進行混練成形,相對於此,實施例1~4之吸附劑則可進行成形加工而不成問題。 再者,於評價3之除臭評價中,與鹼性氣體除臭劑摻合的實施例1~4之吸附劑對於酸性氣體與鹼性氣體兩者顯示高除臭性能。另一方面,與鹼性氣體除臭劑摻合的比較例4及比較例5之吸附劑則可看見因拮抗作用所致除臭效果的降低,對鹼性氣體與鹼性氣體兩者除臭性能低。
產業上之可利用性 於本發明中的吸附劑除臭效果優異,特別是酸性氣體吸附性能高,且加工性亦優異。吸附劑之色調呈現白色,且由於是微粒子,因此,可於紙或纖維等製品中進行塗佈或混練加工,且可提供使用該吸附劑而發揮優異除臭性能的紙、不織布及纖維等除臭加工製品。
Claims (6)
- 一種酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,係以下述式(1)所示非晶質氫氧化氧鋯作為主成分者: (ZrO)1-x (HfO)x (OH)y .zH2 O (1) 式(1)中,x、y及z為正數,且為滿足x=0.0001~0.005、y=1.9~3.0、z=0.05~1.0的數。
- 如請求項1之酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,其乙酸氣體化學吸附量為20mL/g以上且200mL/g以下。
- 如請求項1之酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,其BET比表面積為100m2 /g~400m2 /g。
- 如請求項1之酸性氣體用化學吸附劑,其藉由雷射繞射粒度分布計所測定之平均粒度為0.1μm~10μm。
- 一種除臭加工製品,具有如請求項1至4中任一項之酸性氣體用化學吸附劑。
- 如請求項5之除臭加工製品,其係塗佈或混練加工有酸性氣體用化學吸附劑者。
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