TWI715204B - 合成紙用水性塗料及使用其的合成紙 - Google Patents

合成紙用水性塗料及使用其的合成紙 Download PDF

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TWI715204B
TWI715204B TW108134533A TW108134533A TWI715204B TW I715204 B TWI715204 B TW I715204B TW 108134533 A TW108134533 A TW 108134533A TW 108134533 A TW108134533 A TW 108134533A TW I715204 B TWI715204 B TW I715204B
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synthetic paper
coating
water
grams
acrylate
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TW108134533A
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TW202112981A (zh
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廖德超
徐森煌
鄭旭明
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南亞塑膠工業股份有限公司
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Priority to TW108134533A priority Critical patent/TWI715204B/zh
Priority to CN201911174687.XA priority patent/CN112552540A/zh
Priority to US17/008,899 priority patent/US20210087750A1/en
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Abstract

本發明公開一種合成紙用水性塗料及使用其的合成紙,其中合成紙用水性塗料包括26 wt%至75 wt%的壓克力乳液、2 wt%至10 wt%的中空乳膠微球以及26 wt%至70 wt%的無機吸墨材料,其中中空乳膠微球的粒徑為500奈米至1100奈米,且包括一中空核心、一包覆所述中空核心的緩衝層以及一包覆所述緩衝層的外殼體。藉此,合成紙用水性塗料可於合成紙基材上形成一表面塗層,以提高印刷性。

Description

合成紙用水性塗料及使用其的合成紙
本發明涉及一種合成紙用塗料,特別是涉及一種合成紙用水性塗料,以及使用此性塗料的合成紙。
傳統的印刷基材為木漿製紙,但其防水性差、易刮破,使用受限。因此,日本王子油化公司以聚烯烴合成紙取代木漿製紙,以聚丙烯的雙軸延伸薄膜為中間基材層,於其表面貼或塗佈含有無機鹽微細粉末的聚丙烯單軸延伸薄膜作為紙面層構成合成紙;日本特公昭46-40794號、日本特開昭56-141339號及日本特開昭56-118437號專利案揭露相關的技術內容。這些專利案的合成紙,雖具有防水、抗撕裂等優點,然而在印刷的過程吸墨性不甚理想,原因是塑膠表面無法吸附油墨,故無法作為印刷介質。
為提高合成紙的凹版印刷性,日本特開昭50-10624號、特開昭50-161478號等專利案揭露在紙面上塗佈劑量在0.005-0.1 g/m 2範圍內的丙烯酸系共聚体或聚乙烯亞胺等的水溶液作為吸墨材;然而在印刷的過程中,油墨乾燥速度不甚理想,故未能廣泛作為適用於書寫用、印刷用文化用紙。
南亞塑膠第I487822號專利案揭露於聚丙烯合成紙的雙軸延伸製程中,利用碳酸鈣填充劑的不規則構造,使其拉伸出具微細孔隙的合成紙基材,再用凹版塗佈輪對塗佈素材膜片施以塗佈厚度10 μm以下的紙面層塗料,其包括壓克力樹脂8-20重量%、碳酸鈣20-60重量%、白土0.1-5重量%、二氧化鈦0.1-2重量%、水30-90%及抗靜電劑0-2%,所製得的合成紙,其紙面微細空孔量及空孔串聯程度與天然紙類產品極為接近。惟此合成紙紙面易吸水導致塗層澎潤,對貼後容易互相沾黏、不易撕開,容易造成印刷面被破壞。塗層澎潤的主因為水性壓克力樹脂具有親水基團,其功能為穩定壓克力樹脂分散於水中,然而親水基卻導致降低樹脂耐水性,造成合成紙面耐水性差,且經酒精擦拭易掉粉。
第CN102848768A號專利案中提到,在表面處理劑中添加氮丙啶交聯劑,以提高塗層的完整性,使合成紙於印刷時不起粉,印刷的牢固度更好。惟此合成紙印刷後的色彩飽和度較差,原因為壓克力樹脂吸墨性差且不易滲透。
此外,現有技術的溶劑型塗料,因為在製造及加工過程中會排放大量的溶劑到大氣中,不但造成了環境的嚴重污染,更導致溫室效應的問題。
本發明所要解決的技術問題在於,針對現有技術的不足提供一種合成紙用水性塗料,其能減少揮發性有機化合物(VOC)的排放,且所形成的表面塗層能提高油墨的印刷性和顯色性;並且,提供一種使用此性塗料的合成紙。
為了解決上述的技術問題,本發明所採用的其中一技術方案是:一種合成紙用水性塗料,用以形成一表面塗層,所述合成紙用水性塗料包括26 wt%至75 wt%的壓克力乳液、2 wt%至10 wt%的中空乳膠微球以及26 wt%至70 wt%的無機吸墨材料。所述中空乳膠微球的粒徑為500奈米至1100奈米,且包括一中空核心、一包覆所述中空核心的緩衝層以及一包覆所述緩衝層的外殼體。
在本發明的一實施例中,所述壓克力乳液包含至少一種自架橋單體,其選自丙烯酸酯類聚合物、含烷基的疏水性(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含苯乙烯基的疏水性單體、含羧基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、雙丙酮丙烯醯胺以及已二醯肼。
在本發明的一實施例中,所述壓克力乳液包含以下自架橋單體: 45 wt%至75 wt%的丙烯酸酯類聚合物; 0.1 wt%至10 wt%的含烷基的疏水性(甲基)丙烯酸酯; 10 wt%至45 wt%的含苯乙烯基的疏水性單體; 1 wt%至20 wt%的含羧基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯; 2 wt%至10 wt%的雙丙酮丙烯醯胺;以及 2 wt%至10 wt%的已二醯肼。
在本發明的一實施例中,丙烯酸酯類聚合物的玻璃轉移溫度為12 oC至130 oC。
在本發明的一實施例中,所述無機吸墨材料以顆粒的形式存在,且具有介於200奈米至1500奈米之間的平均粒徑。
在本發明的一實施例中,所述無機吸墨材料選自碳酸鈣以及硫酸鋇中的至少一種。
在本發明的一實施例中,所述無機吸墨材料包含碳酸鈣以及硫酸鋇,其重量比例為1:2.5-5。
在本發明的一實施例中,所述表面塗層具有介於0.1至1.5之間的表面粗糙度Ra。
為了解決上述的技術問題,本發明所採用的另外一技術方案是:一種合成紙,其包括一合成紙基材以及一表面塗層。所述表面塗層形成於所述合成紙基材的一表面上,其中所述表面塗層是由一具有前述組成的合成紙用水性塗料所形成;所述合成紙基材的厚度介於8微米至100微米之間,所述表面塗層的厚度介於1微米至10微米之間。
本發明的其中一有益效果在於,本發明的合成紙用水性塗料,其能通過“添加特定量的壓克力乳液、中空乳膠微球及無機吸墨材料,其中中空乳膠微球的粒徑為500奈米至1100奈米,且包括一中空核心、一包覆中空核心的緩衝層及一包覆緩衝層的外殼體”的技術方案,使印刷的油墨圖案達到色彩飽和度高、清晰且不掉色的效果,以及提供合成紙應用所需的特性,例如高白度和亮度、高不透明性、良好的油墨吸收能力和耐水性等。
為使能更進一步瞭解本發明的特徵及技術內容,請參閱以下有關本發明的詳細說明與圖式,然而所提供的圖式僅用於提供參考與說明,並非用來對本發明加以限制。
以下是通過特定的具體實施例來說明本發明所公開有關“合成紙用水性塗料及使用其的合成紙”的實施方式,本領域技術人員可由本說明書所公開的內容瞭解本發明的優點與效果。本發明可通過其他不同的具體實施例加以施行或應用,本說明書中的各項細節也可基於不同觀點與應用,在不悖離本發明的構思下進行各種修改與變更。另外,本發明的附圖僅為簡單示意說明,並非依實際尺寸的描繪,事先聲明。以下的實施方式將進一步詳細說明本發明的相關技術內容,但所公開的內容並非用以限制本發明的保護範圍。
應當可以理解的是,雖然本文中可能會使用到“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等術語來描述各種元件或者信號,但這些元件或者信號不應受這些術語的限制。這些術語主要是用以區分一元件與另一元件,或者一信號與另一信號。另外,本文中所使用的術語“或”,應視實際情況可能包括相關聯的列出項目中的任一個或者多個的組合。
合成紙的用途十分廣泛,至少包括標籤、廣告紙等。因此,本發明提供一種合成紙用水性塗料,用以提供合成紙應用所需的特性,例如高白度和亮度、高不透明性、良好的油墨吸收能力和耐水性等。本發明的合成紙用水性塗料採用水性系統,包括26 wt%至75 wt%的壓克力乳液、2 wt%至10 wt%的中空乳膠微球以及26 wt%至70 wt%的無機吸墨材料。在一些實施例中,本發明的合成紙用水性塗料含有一定量的水,例如2.5 wt%至5 wt%,但不限於此。
參閱圖1所示,使用時,可將本發明的合成紙用水性塗料塗佈於合成紙基材1的一面上,再以適當的溫度進行熱處理,使水性塗料乾燥固化而形成表面塗層2;並且,可根據實際需要對合成紙P進行後加工如雙軸拉伸,使合成紙P具有所需的機械特性。在一些實施例中,壓克力乳液的含量可為30 wt%、35 wt%、40 wt%、45 wt%、50 wt%、55 wt%、60 wt%、65 wt%或70 wt%;中空乳膠微球的含量可為4 wt%、5 wt%、6 wt%、7 wt%、8 wt%或9 wt%;無機吸墨材料的含量可為30 wt%、35 wt%、40 wt%、45 wt%、50 wt%、55 wt%、60 wt%或65 wt%。
進一步而言,壓克力乳液作為塗料基材,且包含至少一種自架橋單體,其選自低玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)的丙烯酸酯類聚合物、含烷基的疏水性(甲基)丙烯酸酯、含苯乙烯基的疏水性單體、含羧基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯、雙丙酮丙烯醯胺以及含二元或多元羧酸的醯肼。其中,丙烯酸酯類聚合物的玻璃轉移溫度為12 oC至130 oC,丙烯酸酯類聚合物可提高表面塗層2與合成紙基材1的密著性;原因在於,聚合物的Tg越低,分子鏈段越容易遷移至孔洞中,例如在拉伸聚合物產生的微孔洞。低Tg丙烯酸酯類聚合物的具體例包括:丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸異丁酯及丙烯酸異辛酯。
含烷基的疏水性(甲基)丙烯酸酯可防止水氣滲入表面塗層2中造成塗層瓦解;含烷基的疏水性(甲基)丙烯酸酯的具體例包:(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸乙酯(EA)、(甲基)丙烯酸丙酯(PA)、丙烯酸正丁酯(BA)、(甲基)丙烯酸異丁酯(IBA)、(甲基)丙烯酸戊酯、(甲基)丙烯酸己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸庚酯、(甲基)丙烯酸辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(2-HEA)、(甲基)丙烯酸正辛酯(OA)、(甲基)丙烯酸異辛酯(IOA)、(甲基)丙烯酸壬酯(NA)、(甲基)丙烯酸癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯(LA)、(甲基)丙烯酸十八酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基乙酯(MOEA)、正丁基-丙烯酸甲酯(n-BMA)、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(2-EHA)、(甲基)丙烯酸乙氧基甲酯(EOMAA)及雙丙酮丙烯醯胺(DAAM)。
含苯乙烯基的疏水性單體可提高表面塗層2的內聚力和疏水性;含苯乙烯基的疏水性單體的具體例包:苯乙烯(SM)、甲基苯乙烯(MSM)及乙烯基甲苯。含羧基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯可提高表面塗層2的黏結力,且可增強分子間作用力,使表面塗層2的機械強度得到提高;含羧基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯的具體例包:丙烯酸(AA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、順丁烯二酸(MA)、反丁烯二酸(FA)、衣康酸(IA)、丁烯酸(BA)及馬來酸酐(MAH)。
雙丙酮丙烯醯胺可與二元或多元羧酸的醯肼脫水架橋,而含二元或多元羧酸的醯肼有助於形成高分子網狀結構,進而可提高表面塗層2的耐水性和耐酒精性;此外,含二元或多元羧酸的醯肼也有助於降低表面塗層2的沾黏性,以及提高表面塗層2的耐擦傷性。含二元或多元羧酸的具體例包:碳酸二醯肼、草酸二醯肼、丁二酸二醯肼及己二酸二醯肼。
在本實施例中,壓克力乳液的組成和配比如下: 45 wt%至75 wt%的丙烯酸酯類聚合物; 0.1 wt%至10 wt%的含烷基的疏水性(甲基)丙烯酸酯; 10 wt%至45 wt%的含苯乙烯基的疏水性單體; 1 wt%至20 wt%的含羧基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯; 2 wt%至10 wt%的雙丙酮丙烯醯胺;以及 2 wt%至10 wt%的已二醯肼。
參閱圖1並配合圖2所示,中空乳膠微球21包括一中空核心211、一包覆中空核心211的多孔結構的緩衝層212及一包覆緩衝層212的外殼體213;中空乳膠微球21的粒徑的優選範圍為500奈米至1100奈米。值得注意的是,中空乳膠微球21不僅具有優異的吸水速乾性能,而且粒子結構完整不易破損;使用時,印刷墨水可藉由毛細管現象流入中空乳膠微球21的中空核心211。因此,在中空乳膠微球21的存在下,表面塗層2的耐水性和印刷性均得以提升,進而在表面塗層2上印刷的油墨圖案可以達到色彩飽和度高、清晰且不掉色的效果。
在本實施例中,中空乳膠微球21採用以下步驟製成:步驟一,製備種子乳液,本步驟的目的在於提供中空乳膠微球21的基礎,並控制中空乳膠微球21的粒徑和中空度。本步驟主要使用丙烯酸系單體、過硫酸鹽作為起始劑與陰離子、非離子或反應型乳化劑,並控制在適當的攪拌速度下進行反應一定時間。本步驟的實施細節說明如下:甲基丙烯酸與甲基丙烯酸甲酯按1:2的比例混合,再加入丙烯酸丁酯,丙烯酸丁酯的用量為甲基丙烯酸甲酯重量的6-8倍,然後加入十二烷基硫酸鈉作為陰離子乳化劑,乳化劑的用量小於丙烯酸酯系單体重量的0.5%進行反應,形成種子乳液。
步驟一中,甲基丙烯酸甲酯與丙烯酸丁酯分別可用以下單體中的至少一種來取代:丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸乙基己基酯及甲基丙烯酸甲酯。
步驟二,製備酸性聚合物粒子,本步驟為製備中空乳膠微球21的關鍵步驟,用以確保粒子結構性和孔洞的完整性。本步驟使用特定的單體組合物與步驟一得到的種子乳液進行乳化聚合反應,所得到的產物中含有酸性聚合物粒子,其以緩衝層212包覆中空核心211,緩衝層212呈海綿狀而有利於孔洞的形成。本步驟的實施細節說明如下:本步驟所用的單體組合物包含丙烯酸酯系單體及(甲基),丙烯酸酯系單體的用量為種子乳液總重的1-5倍;乳化聚合反應在乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯的存在下進行,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯的用量相對於100重量份的單體組合物為0.2至3重量份;藉由調整單體組合物與種子乳液的用量比,緩衝層212可具有所需的厚度為0.05奈米至0.1奈米。
步驟三,粒子成型及鹼處理步驟,本步驟的目的在於形成疏水性的外殼體213。本步驟使用疏水性的乙烯基單體來包覆酸性聚合物粒子,並使用多官能基丙烯酸交聯單體來形成核殼之間的交聯結構,以及提高疏水性單體的包覆率。本步驟的實施細節說明如下:取步驟二得到的產物與苯乙烯單體進行乳化聚合,其重量比例為1:10,再加入氨水進行鹼處理,形成聚合物乳液,其含有多個粒徑均一且分散性佳的中空乳膠微球21。
於鹼處理時,鹼分子可進入內部與羧基反應,使膠粒體積不斷膨脹,最終形成空心結構的中空乳膠微球21。鹼處理溫度的優選範圍為40 oC至90 oC,但不限於此;例如,鹼處理可在一高於外殼體聚合物的玻璃轉移溫度的溫度下進行,此溫度條件可提供能量使鹼分子擴散進入內部。
參閱圖1並配合圖2所示,無機吸墨材料22有助於提高表面塗層2的油墨吸收能力,另外也可提供合成紙P應用所需的特性,例如提高白度和霧度。在本實施例中,無機吸墨材料22以顆粒的形式存在,並且無機吸墨材料的平均粒徑為20奈米至1500奈米;優選的無機吸墨材料為粒徑介於1.2微米至5微米之間的碳酸鈣。碳酸鈣顆粒具多孔隙與高表面積等特性,添加於塗料中不僅可提高遮蔽性,還可增加吸墨速度。值得一提的是,本發明的合成紙用水性塗料將中空乳膠微球21、無機吸墨材料22(如碳酸鈣顆粒)與壓克力乳液配合使用,可直接產生快速吸墨與高色彩飽和度的效果。
本發明的合成紙用水性塗料視需要可包含0.05 wt%至0.1 wt%的添加劑,其可選自平坦劑、濕潤劑、消泡劑、穩定劑、抗菌劑、抗氧化劑、分散劑、消光劑、密著促進劑及增稠劑中的至少一種。
複參閱圖1及圖2所示,本發明還提供一種合成紙P,其包括一合成紙基材1及一表面塗層2,其中表面塗層2形成於合成紙基材1的一表面上。進一步而言,合成紙P材料可包含聚丙烯(PP)及無機填料,無機填料可選自氧化矽、氧化鈦、氧化鋯、氧化鋁、氫氧化鋁、碳酸鈣、碳酸鎂及硫酸鋇中的至少一種;表面塗層2是由一具有前述組成的水性塗料所形成,表面塗層2上因為均勻分佈有預定粒徑的中空乳膠微球21及無機吸墨材料22,而具有介於0.1至1.5之間的表面粗糙度Ra。
使用時,墨水可沿著無機吸墨材料22(如碳酸鈣顆粒)間的孔隙被導引流入中空乳膠微球21的中空核心211內,以提高單點的色彩濃度,進而提高印刷色彩飽和度。為了提高印刷墨水的填充率,使色彩飽和度獲得提高,小粒徑的中空乳膠微球21可均勻分佈大粒徑的無機吸墨材料22之間,形成最佳堆積狀態。
本發明的合成紙P的製備:
將水與架橋劑均勻混合後,加入水性壓克力乳液,再加入中空乳膠微球21與無機吸墨材料22混合均勻,然後使用200目濾網過濾,形成水性塗料。將水性塗料塗佈於合成紙基材1的一表面上,塗佈厚度為約5微米,再以95度烘箱乾燥,所得到的成品再進行塗層密著性、對貼沾黏性、耐酒精性、耐擦等物性測試。
本發明的合成紙P與同類產品相比具有顯著的進步,其中表面塗層2的密著性、耐沾黏性、耐溶劑性和耐擦傷性均有較大程度的提高。進一步而言,由於壓克力單體中含有甲基丙烯酸甲酯與丙烯酸丁酯,其具有氫鍵,能增加高分子間作用力,大幅提高表面塗層2的堅牢度,並提高對無機吸墨材料22的黏結力。再者,由於塗料中含有反應型架橋劑,成膜後能形成高分子網狀結構,大幅提高表面塗層2的耐水性與耐酒精性,解決泡水沾黏與易擦傷等問題。此外,由於塗料中含有中空乳膠微球21與無機吸墨材料22,能提高油墨吸收能力,而提高印刷品質。
[吸墨球乳液(即中空乳膠微球)的製備]
首先合成吸墨球乳液,如下步驟:取20克甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、40克甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、280克丙烯酸丁酯(BA),倒入含60克去離子水、1.5克十二烷基苯磺酸鈉之瓶內,並高速攪拌成混合液(I)。將2000克去離子水及60.4克前述之混合液(I)加入反應釜內,攪拌並加熱至78℃。另取60克去離子水溶解5克過硫酸銨起始劑,倒入反應釜開始反應。半小時後,將剩餘之混合液(I)以1.5小時滴加完成,並持續反應4小時。最後,製得pH=2.3,平均粒徑170nm,固體含量13.5%之乳液A。
175克乳液A及1700克去離子水加入反應釜內,攪拌並加熱至80℃。另取490克甲基丙烯酸、210克甲基丙烯酸甲酯、7克乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯與3100克去離子水,並高速攪拌成混合液(II),並以3小時速度滴加入反應釜,同時另取70克去離子水溶解8.4克過硫酸銨起始劑以3.5小時速度滴加入反應釜,混合液(II)滴加完成後,維持80℃續反應2小時。製得pH=2.3,平均粒徑324nm,固體含量12.5%之乳液B。
將1350克乳液B及2200克去離子水加入反應釜內,攪拌並加熱至80℃。另取1000克苯乙烯、24克乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯及3克十二烷基硫酸鈉,並高速攪拌成混合液(III),並以3小時速度滴加入反應釜,同時另取300克去離子水溶解10克過硫酸銨起始劑以3.5小時速度滴加入反應釜,混合液(II)滴加完成後,維持80℃續反應1小時。之後升溫至90℃,加入150克9.5%氨水,降溫至86℃,恆溫2小時候,降至室溫,過濾除去凝結物,製得pH=9.5,平均粒徑856nm,固體含量24.4%之吸墨球乳液。
[水性壓克力乳液的製備]
製造例1:
將乳化劑SDS0.7克加入裝有110克去離子水的反應釜,持續攪拌並升溫至攝氏76℃。另取30克去離子水、56克丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、5克甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、36克苯乙烯(ST)、5克丙烯酸(AA)、5克乳化劑SDS、1克雙丙酮丙烯醯胺(DAAM),並高速攪拌成混合液(IV)。取前述混合液(IV) 10克加入反應釜,維持76℃攪拌。同時取10克去離子水溶解0.5克偶氮二異丁腈(AIBN)起始劑加入反應釜開始反應。10分鐘後,開始滴加剩餘之混合液(IV),滴加時間為4小時。滴加結束後,持續反應2小時。反應結束後添加0.5克己二酸二醯肼(ADH),經200目濾網過濾得到水性壓克力乳液1。
製造例2:
反應流程與製造例1相同,使用的單體改為:丙烯酸丁酯56克、甲基丙烯酸甲酯5克、苯乙烯36克、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)5克、1.5克雙丙酮丙烯醯胺(DAAM)。反應結束後添加0.75克己二酸二醯肼(ADH),經200目濾網過濾得到水性壓克力乳液2。
製造例3:
反應流程與製造例1相同,使用的單體改為:丙烯酸丁酯48克、甲基丙烯酸甲酯10克、苯乙烯48克、丙烯酸(AA) 1克、2克雙丙酮丙烯醯胺(DAAM)。反應結束後添加1克己二酸二醯肼(ADH),經200目濾網過濾得到水性壓克力乳液3。
製造例4:
反應流程與製造例1相同,使用的單體改為:丙烯酸丁酯70克、甲基丙烯酸甲酯0.15克、苯乙烯12克、丙烯酸(AA) 20克、2.5克雙丙酮丙烯醯胺(DAAM)。反應結束後添加1.25克己二酸二醯肼(ADH),經200目濾網過濾得到水性壓克力乳液4。
[評估方法]
密著性測試方法為:以四維膠帶貼在塗佈面上,再以2公斤滾筒壓合,隨後由一端快速撕起,觀察塗佈層是否破損。
耐沾黏性測試方法為:將塗佈之合成紙浸泡於純水12小時,將塗佈面對貼後,樣品放置攝氏35度循環烘箱乾燥。完全乾燥後,觀察對貼面是否會沾黏。表2中,以○表示不沾黏,╳表示會沾黏。
耐酒精性測試方法為:以棉花棒沾20~95%濃度之酒精擦拭合成紙之塗佈面10次,觀察塗佈層是否有破損或起粉,並記錄無破損下最高酒精濃度。
耐溶劑性測試方法為:以棉花棒沾丙酮或去漬油擦拭合成紙之塗佈面10次,觀察塗佈層是否有破損或起粉,並記錄是否破損。
耐刮性(耐擦傷性)測試方法為:將塗佈之合成紙浸泡於純水1小時,再以500克砝碼重壓之砂紙擦拭塗佈面,反覆10次,觀察塗佈層是否有破損或起粉。
印刷色濃度之評估方法為:以符合印刷色濃度量測標準DIN 16536之色濃度計TECHKON R410e量測印刷色濃度,濃度愈高,印刷性愈佳。
實施例1:
如表2所示,將4克吸墨球乳液、40克水性壓克力乳液1與70克碳酸鈣混合,攪拌均勻後,經200目濾網過濾得到PP紙塗料1。並以塗佈棒塗佈於PP合成紙上,攝氏95度下烘烤15秒,其乾燥後厚度為5 μm,以四維膠帶測試塗層密著度,結果不脫落。將樣品泡水,以500克下壓砂紙測試耐刮性,結果不起粉。再將樣品對貼後乾燥,測試沾黏性,結果不沾黏。
實施例2:
如表2所示,將4克吸墨球乳液、40克水性壓克力乳液2與70克碳酸鈣混合,攪拌均勻後,經200目濾網過濾得到PP紙塗料2。並以塗佈棒塗佈於PP合成紙上,攝氏95度下烘烤15秒,其乾燥後厚度為5 μm,以四維膠帶測試塗層密著度,結果不脫落。將樣品泡水,以500克下壓砂紙測試耐刮性,結果不起粉。再將樣品對貼後乾燥,測試沾黏性,結果不沾黏。
實施例3:
如表2所示,將5克吸墨球乳液、40克水性壓克力乳液1與70克碳酸鈣混合,攪拌均勻後,經200目濾網過濾得到PP紙塗料3。並以塗佈棒塗佈於PP合成紙上,攝氏95度下烘烤15秒,其乾燥後厚度為5 μm,以四維膠帶測試塗層密著度,結果不脫落。將樣品泡水,以500克下壓砂紙測試耐刮性,結果不起粉。再將樣品對貼後乾燥,測試沾黏性,結果不沾黏。
實施例4:
如表2所示,將2克吸墨球乳液、70克水性壓克力乳液3與26克碳酸鈣混合,攪拌均勻後,經200目濾網過濾得到PP紙塗料4。並以塗佈棒塗佈於PP合成紙上,攝氏95度下烘烤15秒,其乾燥後厚度為5 μm,以四維膠帶測試塗層密著度,結果不脫落。將樣品泡水,以500克下壓砂紙測試耐刮性,結果不起粉。再將樣品對貼後乾燥,測試沾黏性,結果不沾黏。
比較例1:
如表2所示,將40克水性壓克力乳液1與70克碳酸鈣及14克壓克力中空球混合,攪拌均勻後,經200目濾網過濾得到PP紙塗料5,並以塗佈棒塗佈於PP合成紙上,攝氏95度下烘烤15秒,其乾燥後厚度為5 μm,以四維膠帶測試塗層密著度,結果不脫落。將樣品泡水,以500克下壓砂紙測試耐刮性,結果不起粉。再將樣品對貼後乾燥,測試沾黏性,結果有沾黏。
比較例2:
如表2所示,將40克水性壓克力乳液2與70克碳酸鈣及14克壓克力中空球混合,攪拌均勻後,經200目濾網過濾得到PP紙塗料6。並以塗佈棒塗佈於PP合成紙上,攝氏95度下烘烤15秒,其乾燥後厚度為5 μm,以四維膠帶測試塗層密著度,結果不脫落。將樣品泡水,以500克下壓砂紙測試耐刮性,結果不起粉。再將樣品對貼後乾燥,測試沾黏性,結果有沾黏。
比較例3:
如表2所示,將40克水性壓克力乳液1與70克碳酸鈣及14克壓克力中空球混合,攪拌均勻後,經200目濾網過濾得到PP紙塗料7。並以塗佈棒塗佈於PP合成紙上,攝氏95度下烘烤15秒,其乾燥後厚度為5 μm,以四維膠帶測試塗層密著度,結果不脫落。將樣品泡水,以500克下壓砂紙測試耐刮性,結果不起粉。再將樣品對貼後乾燥,測試沾黏性,結果會沾黏。
比較例4:
如表2所示,將40克水性壓克力乳液1與70克碳酸鈣及14克壓 克力中空球混合,攪拌均勻後,經200目濾網過濾得到PP紙塗料8。並以塗佈棒塗佈於PP合成紙上,攝氏95度下烘烤15秒,其乾燥後厚度為5 μm,以四維膠帶測試塗層密著度,結果不脫落。將樣品泡水,以500克下壓砂紙測試耐刮性,結果不起粉。再將樣品對貼後乾燥,測試沾黏性,結果會沾黏。
結論:
1.本發明之水性壓克力因具有羧酸官能基,增加吸墨材的黏結力,並加強分子間作用力,大幅提升塗層堅牢度。
2.另實施例1及2在塗料,成膜後形成高分子網狀結構,大幅提高塗層的耐水性與耐酒精性,解決對貼沾黏與塗層易擦傷等問題,但含三個碳二亞胺官能基及含有三個異氰酸酯官能基之架橋劑則對沾黏性無明顯改善。
3.本發明選用碳酸鈣、吸墨球乳液及壓克力乳液為塗料,再以大小粒徑之最佳排列組合,印刷後可提高印刷色濃度(高色彩飽和度)之合成紙塗料,且具印刷乾燥性佳與色彩堅牢度好。
4.與同類產品相比,本發明同時具有顯著耐水性與優良印刷性。塗層的密著性、耐擦傷性、耐沾黏性、更有大程度的提高。
表1 壓克力乳液的組成和特性
  藥品 壓克力乳液
1 2 3 4
反應釜鍋底 去離子水 100 100 100 100
乳化劑(SDS) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
預乳液 純水 30 30 30 30
反應型陰離子乳化劑 2.0 1.0 1.0 2.0
陰離子乳化劑 1.0 2.0 1.0 2.0
非離子乳化劑 1.0 1.0 2.0
(a) 低Tg之丙烯酸酯類 BA 56 56 46 72
(b)含烷基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯 MMA 5.0 5.0 10 0.15
(c) 含苯乙烯基之單體 ST 36 36 46 10.2
(d) 含羧基之(甲基)丙烯酸單體 AA 5.0 0 1.0 20
MAA 0 5.0 0 0
(e)雙丙酮丙烯醯胺單體 DAAM 1 1.5 2.0 2.5
反應後添加ADH 0.5 0.75 1.0 1.25
固含量 40.2% 39.6% 40.0% 40.1%
Tg ( oC) 38.2 40.1 39.2 39.5
表1中,BA表示丙烯酸丁酯;MMA表示甲基丙烯酸甲酯;ST表示苯乙烯;AA表示丙烯酸;MAA表示甲基丙烯酸;DAAM表示雙丙酮丙烯醯胺;ADH表示己二酸二醯肼。
表2 水性塗料及其物性
  實施例 比較例
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
壓克力乳液編號 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 1
壓克力乳液(g) 40 40 40 70 40 40 40 40
吸墨中空球乳液(g) 4 4 5 2 - - - -
碳酸鈣 (g) 70 70 70 26 70 70 70 70
        物性 密著度
耐刮性
耐酒精 95% 95% 95% 95% 20% 20% 20% 20%
耐異丙醇                
耐丙酮
耐去漬油
沾黏性(耐水性)
印刷色濃度 印刷色濃度(藍) 0.44 0.43 0.42 0.43 0.36 0.34 0.34 0.32
印刷色濃度(紅)                
印刷色濃度(黃)                
評估
[實施例的有益效果]
本發明的其中一有益效果在於,本發明的合成紙用水性塗料,其能通過“添加特定量的壓克力乳液、中空乳膠微球及無機吸墨材料,其中中空乳膠微球的粒徑為500奈米至1100奈米,且包括一中空核心、一包覆中空核心的緩衝層及一包覆緩衝層的外殼體”的技術方案,使印刷的油墨圖案達到色彩飽和度高、清晰且不掉色的效果,以及提供合成紙應用所需的特性,例如高白度和亮度、高不透明性、良好的油墨吸收能力和耐水性等。
更進一步地說,採用本發明的合成紙用水性塗料,可有效減少揮發性有機化合物(VOC)的排放。
更進一步地說,壓克力乳液所含單體具有自架橋的能力,不但不需要使用額外的架橋劑,而且還可以改善表面塗層的性能,例如提高表面塗層的密著性、內聚力、疏水性、耐水性和耐酒精性,以及降低表面塗層的沾黏性。
更進一步地說,本發明採用特殊的三步驟乳液聚合法製成含中空乳膠微球的產品乳液,其穩定性高且起泡性低,而有利於快速塗佈。
以上所公開的內容僅為本發明的優選可行實施例,並非因此侷限本發明的申請專利範圍,所以凡是運用本發明說明書及圖式內容所做的等效技術變化,均包含於本發明的申請專利範圍內。
P:合成紙 1:合成基材 2:表面塗層 21:中空乳膠微球 211:中空核心 212:緩衝層 213:外殼體 22:無機吸墨材料
圖1為本發明的合成紙的結構示意圖。
圖2為圖1中II部分的局部放大圖。
圖3為本發明的合成紙用水性塗料中的中空乳膠微球的結構示意圖。
圖4為本發明的合成紙用水性塗料中的中空乳膠微球的製備方法的流程圖。
2:表面塗層
21:中空乳膠微球
22:無機吸墨材料

Claims (7)

  1. 一種合成紙用水性塗料,用以形成一表面塗層,所述合成紙用水性塗料包括:26wt%至75wt%的壓克力乳液,其中,所述壓克力乳液包含以下自架橋單體:45wt%至75wt%的丙烯酸酯類聚合物;0.1wt%至10wt%的含烷基的疏水性(甲基)丙烯酸酯;10wt%至45wt%的含苯乙烯基的疏水性單體;1wt%至20wt%的含羧基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯;2wt%至10wt%的雙丙酮丙烯醯胺;以及2wt%至10wt%的已二醯肼;2wt%至10wt%的中空乳膠微球,其中所述中空乳膠微球的粒徑為500奈米至1100奈米,且包括一中空核心、一包覆所述中空核心的緩衝層以及一包覆所述緩衝層的外殼體;以及26wt%至70wt%的無機吸墨材料。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的合成紙用水性塗料,其中,丙烯酸酯類聚合物的玻璃轉移溫度為12℃至130℃。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的合成紙用水性塗料,其中,所述無機吸墨材料以顆粒的形式存在,且具有介於200奈米至1500奈米之間的平均粒徑。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的合成紙用水性塗料,其中,所述無機吸墨材料選自碳酸鈣以及硫酸鋇中的至少一種。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的合成紙用水性塗料,其中,所述 無機吸墨材料包含碳酸鈣以及硫酸鋇,其重量比例為1:2.5-5。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的合成紙用水性塗料,其中,所述表面塗層具有介於0.1至1.5之間的表面粗糙度Ra。
  7. 一種合成紙,其包括:一合成紙基材;以及一表面塗層,其形成於所述合成紙基材的一表面上,其中所述表面塗層是由如申請專利範圍第1項所述的合成紙用水性塗料所形成;其中,所述合成紙基材的厚度介於8微米至100微米之間,所述表面塗層的厚度介於1微米至10微米之間。
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