TWI712198B - 非水電解液及非水電解液二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解液及非水電解液二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI712198B TWI712198B TW105130003A TW105130003A TWI712198B TW I712198 B TWI712198 B TW I712198B TW 105130003 A TW105130003 A TW 105130003A TW 105130003 A TW105130003 A TW 105130003A TW I712198 B TWI712198 B TW I712198B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- aqueous electrolyte
- carbon atoms
- general formula
- substituted
- hydrocarbon group
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 lithium transition metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 141
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 51
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical group C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000005324 oxide salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical group [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound C=CC1COC(=O)O1 BJWMSGRKJIOCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YRRHANKGVODFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(difluoromethylsilyl)methyl-(difluoromethyl)silane Chemical compound FC(F)[SiH2]C([SiH2]C(F)F)[SiH2]C(F)F YRRHANKGVODFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- PKCQQCBGYNHLNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethyl-[2-(difluoromethylsilyl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound FC(F)[SiH2]CC[SiH2]C(F)F PKCQQCBGYNHLNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 5
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- PWATWSYOIIXYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentylbenzene Chemical group CCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 PWATWSYOIIXYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OITVFMRNHJZOHF-FPLPWBNLSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C OITVFMRNHJZOHF-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- MGTAFXOCMGDLDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethyl-[4-(difluoromethylsilyl)butyl]silane Chemical compound FC(F)[SiH2]CCCC[SiH2]C(F)F MGTAFXOCMGDLDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001228 Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 (NCM 111) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- YRIJPMBUGWOQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-ynyl) carbonate Chemical compound C#CCOC(=O)OCC#C YRIJPMBUGWOQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OITVFMRNHJZOHF-BQYQJAHWSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C OITVFMRNHJZOHF-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- VHILMKFSCRWWIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C#CC(=O)OC VHILMKFSCRWWIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CUJPFPXNDSIBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediyl Chemical group [CH2]C[CH2] CUJPFPXNDSIBPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMIVCRYZSXDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-butanediyl Chemical group [CH2]CC[CH2] OMIVCRYZSXDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- HIGQQEOWQNDHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dichloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1(Cl)COC(=O)O1 HIGQQEOWQNDHJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound ClC1COC(=O)O1 OYOKPDLAMOMTEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chrysene Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZTOWFMDBDPERY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Delta-Hexanolactone Chemical compound CC1CCCC(=O)O1 RZTOWFMDBDPERY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910009748 Li1.1Mn1.85Al0.05O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011884 anode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001495 arsenic compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RYHMNBZWRLSKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C#CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C RYHMNBZWRLSKHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- CFBGXYDUODCMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclobutene Chemical compound C1CC=C1 CFBGXYDUODCMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound [CH]1CCCC[C@@H]1C1=CC=CC=C1 HHNHBFLGXIUXCM-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRRRQCDDCWYTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethyl-[3-(difluoromethylsilyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound FC(F)[SiH2]CCC[SiH2]C(F)F NRRRQCDDCWYTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JBFHTYHTHYHCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-caprolactone Chemical compound CCC1CCC(=O)O1 JBFHTYHTHYHCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940093920 gynecological arsenic compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl acetate Natural products CC(C)COC(C)=O GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BHIWKHZACMWKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl isobutyrate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)C BHIWKHZACMWKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011331 needle coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008053 sultones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YTZKOQUCBOVLHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-VKHMYHEASA-N (S)-methylsuccinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC(O)=O WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- KURIPTHAZOPONO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)ethoxy]ethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COCCOCC(F)(F)F KURIPTHAZOPONO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHIKTEOLOIVDKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-[2-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COCCOCCOCC(F)(F)F UHIKTEOLOIVDKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSXNZIYETGBUEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COC(C)COCC(F)(F)F LSXNZIYETGBUEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDOGTTNFVLSBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluoro-3-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(F)=C1F RDOGTTNFVLSBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQYOVYWFXHQYOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCCO1 OQYOVYWFXHQYOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound O=S1OCCO1 WDXYVJKNSMILOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOBWAHRFIPQEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-difluoro-2-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=C(F)C=CC=C1F IOBWAHRFIPQEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTGQPYSISUUHAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-difluoro-5-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC(F)=CC(F)=C1 OTGQPYSISUUHAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDJSUFKXJGFOKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolan-2-one;ethene Chemical compound C=C.O=C1OCCO1 XDJSUFKXJGFOKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUYHXQLLIISBQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-2-fluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 GUYHXQLLIISBQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAOIFBJJGFYYFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclohexyl-4-fluorobenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C1CCCCC1 YAOIFBJJGFYYFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSLXRDJMYHNCHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxycarbonyloxypropan-2-yl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC(C)OC(=O)OCC NSLXRDJMYHNCHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLECYOQFQXJYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group FC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 KLECYOQFQXJYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFKXGIVFIZPXJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(trimethylsilyl)hexanedioic acid Chemical class C[Si](C)(C)C([Si](C)(C)C)(C(O)=O)CCCC(O)=O MFKXGIVFIZPXJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRMJLJFDPNJIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-difluoro-1-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F CRMJLJFDPNJIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCQMORVULNZXIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(carboxymethylsulfanyl)ethylsulfanyl]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CSCCSCC(O)=O CCQMORVULNZXIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYNUAGYBVSQRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCCOC(=O)OCC MYNUAGYBVSQRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOMLQXFMDFZAAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxycarbonyloxyethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCCOC(=O)OC DOMLQXFMDFZAAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ULJWJSILGIRASN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,4,4-tetramethylcyclobutene Chemical compound CC1(C)C=CC1(C)C ULJWJSILGIRASN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUGCEFZIYJHZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethylcyclobutene Chemical compound CC1C=CC1C SUGCEFZIYJHZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQZXRLWUYONVCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GQZXRLWUYONVCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MICNNUQEOKKFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-1-methylcyclobutene Chemical compound CC1=CC(Br)C1 MICNNUQEOKKFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004975 3-butenyl group Chemical group C(CC=C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000474 3-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LDPRWJVPCXEVEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethylcyclobutene Chemical compound CCC1CC=C1 LDPRWJVPCXEVEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFTHULPHIBKNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylcyclobutene Chemical compound CC1CC=C1 NFTHULPHIBKNNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQXNUCOGMMHHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound CC1COS(=O)(=O)O1 OQXNUCOGMMHHNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound CC1COS(=O)O1 SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVDQEUFSGODEBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one Chemical compound CC1CCOC(=O)O1 OVDQEUFSGODEBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006043 5-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FSYHJIQOJJHEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C1C=CC1CC1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C(C1C=CC1CC1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FSYHJIQOJJHEGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclobutane Chemical compound C1CCC1 PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl succinate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCC DKMROQRQHGEIOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002000 Electrolyte additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004348 Glyceryl diacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013075 LiBF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011281 LiCoPO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016118 LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014297 LiMn1.8Al0.2O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002991 LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012752 LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012513 LiSbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Chemical group C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical class COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CCWFMHNSFAWVAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylprop-1-enylsilyl) but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CC(=C[SiH2]OC(=O)C#CC(=O)O[SiH2]C=C(C)C)C CCWFMHNSFAWVAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUZOFKLPPHUUMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C JUZOFKLPPHUUMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBYWPSUAELKTET-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)=C1 XBYWPSUAELKTET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNDCJULFVFHXBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C)C=C1 XNDCJULFVFHXBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUUDZINXVRFXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) butanedioate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C QUUDZINXVRFXLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWZGPXOJVOOLSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) pentanedioate Chemical class C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CCCC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C UWZGPXOJVOOLSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATCKJLDGNXGLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trimethylsilyl) propanedioate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)C ATCKJLDGNXGLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZRYRRQSTLFAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[butyl(dimethyl)silyl] but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CCCC[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C#CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)CCCC SZRYRRQSTLFAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTGQPEDBQJTCAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[dimethyl(propyl)silyl] but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CCC[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C#CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)CCC LTGQPEDBQJTCAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRNVYEAHTYKEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[ethyl(dimethyl)silyl] but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CC[Si](C)(C)OC(=O)C#CC(=O)O[Si](C)(C)CC FRNVYEAHTYKEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNLNLRLBQWBUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[fluoro(dimethyl)silyl]methyl-fluoro-dimethylsilane Chemical compound F[Si](C)(C)C([Si](F)(C)C)[Si](F)(C)C QNLNLRLBQWBUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCC DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VASVAWIFVXAQMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl propyl carbonate Chemical group CCCCOC(=O)OCCC VASVAWIFVXAQMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIPIUENNGCQCIT-UHFFFAOYSA-K cobalt(3+) phosphate Chemical class [Co+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GIPIUENNGCQCIT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N dibutyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N dibutyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHYLUAZDEONDSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C#CC(=O)OCCCC JHYLUAZDEONDSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STRNXFOUBFLVIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C#CC(=O)OCC STRNXFOUBFLVIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-AATRIKPKSA-N diethyl fumarate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NVJBFARDFTXOTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfite Chemical compound CCOS(=O)OCC NVJBFARDFTXOTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RICWPVGZSRCXOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethyl(difluoromethylsilylmethyl)silane Chemical compound FC(F)[SiH2]C[SiH2]C(F)F RICWPVGZSRCXOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXBAELYTESBLAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethyl-[tris(difluoromethylsilyl)methyl]silane Chemical compound FC(F)[SiH2]C([SiH2]C(F)F)([SiH2]C(F)F)[SiH2]C(F)F AXBAELYTESBLAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUUZQLFCCOGXKQ-BUHFOSPRSA-N diheptyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCCCCC KUUZQLFCCOGXKQ-BUHFOSPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUUZQLFCCOGXKQ-YPKPFQOOSA-N diheptyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCCCCC KUUZQLFCCOGXKQ-YPKPFQOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDSXTESRYJKPCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diheptyl but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCOC(=O)C#CC(=O)OCCCCCCC WDSXTESRYJKPCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMCVOSQFZZCSLN-VAWYXSNFSA-N dihexyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCCCC QMCVOSQFZZCSLN-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMCVOSQFZZCSLN-QXMHVHEDSA-N dihexyl (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCCCCCC QMCVOSQFZZCSLN-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N dimethyl fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004419 dimethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N dimethyl maleate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfite Chemical compound COS(=O)OC BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVWTZAGVNBPXHU-FOCLMDBBSA-N dioctyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCCCCCC TVWTZAGVNBPXHU-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLCXSKVFACQYMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C#CC(=O)OCCCCCCCC LLCXSKVFACQYMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTBAGALLPLIXRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipentyl but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C#CC(=O)OCCCCC OTBAGALLPLIXRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVGYVDOSBJFXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OS(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 AVGYVDOSBJFXFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMPVESVJOFYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OC(C)C JMPVESVJOFYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSTWFRCNXMNXTR-AATRIKPKSA-N dipropyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCC DSTWFRCNXMNXTR-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPTPSVGIMYCMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl but-2-ynedioate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C#CC(=O)OCCC OPTPSVGIMYCMQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAIQPVFXODAAIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl sulfite Chemical compound CCCOS(=O)OCCC MAIQPVFXODAAIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FXPHJTKVWZVEGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC(=O)OC=C FXPHJTKVWZVEGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCOCC KLKFAASOGCDTDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJUHLFUALMUWOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCOC IJUHLFUALMUWOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKFXDFUAPNAMPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylmalonic acid Chemical compound CCC(C(O)=O)C(O)=O UKFXDFUAPNAMPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YBGYBFGZEYINNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoro-[2-[fluoro(dimethyl)silyl]ethyl]-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(F)CC[Si](C)(C)F YBGYBFGZEYINNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQEOIZLEQLETQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoro-[3-[fluoro(dimethyl)silyl]propyl]-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(F)CCC[Si](C)(C)F BQEOIZLEQLETQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWYYWNKVCNKIMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoro-[4-[fluoro(dimethyl)silyl]butyl]-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(F)CCCC[Si](C)(C)F GWYYWNKVCNKIMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZNPDMQYOJQYQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoro-[[fluoro(dimethyl)silyl]methyl]-dimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(F)C[Si](C)(C)F IZNPDMQYOJQYQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDJXXWSMKJNDHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoro-dimethyl-[tris[fluoro(dimethyl)silyl]methyl]silane Chemical compound F[Si](C)(C)C([Si](F)(C)C)([Si](F)(C)C)[Si](F)(C)C JDJXXWSMKJNDHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019443 glyceryl diacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical class [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WDAXFOBOLVPGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C(C)C WDAXFOBOLVPGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L isophthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDJSOPWXYLFTNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound COCCC(=O)OC BDJSOPWXYLFTNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUUBCQYRIBDKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl prop-2-ynyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCC#C AUUBCQYRIBDKHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDJAEZRIGNCQBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclobutane Chemical compound CC1CCC1 BDJAEZRIGNCQBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- ZIYVHBGGAOATLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylmalonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)C(O)=O ZIYVHBGGAOATLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SWVGZFQJXVPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(methylamino)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCN(NC)NC SWVGZFQJXVPIKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical group CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004923 naphthylmethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QRKULNUXBVSTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(C)(C)C QRKULNUXBVSTBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- UVZICZIVKIMRNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CSCC(O)=O UVZICZIVKIMRNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- YCGAZNXXGKTASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 YCGAZNXXGKTASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QERYCTSHXKAMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CS1 QERYCTSHXKAMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- WZEOZJQLTRFNCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro(trifluoromethoxy)methane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)OC(F)(F)F WZEOZJQLTRFNCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFHICDDUDORKJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCCO1 YFHICDDUDORKJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1896—Compounds having one or more Si-O-acyl linkages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/30—Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0028—Organic electrolyte characterised by the solvent
- H01M2300/0037—Mixture of solvents
- H01M2300/004—Three solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
本發明之非水電解液二次電池包含鋰鹽溶解於有機溶劑中而成之非水電解液。陰極活性物質係含有錳之含鋰過渡金屬氧化物之鹽。本發明之非水電解液包含下述通式(1)所表示之化合物、較佳為下述通式(1')所表示之化合物之至少1種。通式(1)及通式(1')所表示之化合物之含量為0.001~10質量%。關於通式(1)及通式(1')之具體內容,如本說明書所記載。
Description
本發明係關於一種非水電解液二次電池,詳細而言,係關於一種具有含有特定化合物之非水電解液之非水電解液二次電池。
隨著近年來之攜帶用電腦、手持攝錄影機、資訊終端等行動電子機器之普及,具有高電壓、高能量密度之非水電解液二次電池作為電源而被廣泛使用。又,就環境問題之觀點而言,進行電池汽車或將電力用作動力之一部分之混合車之實用化。
於非水電解液二次電池中,為了提高非水電解液二次電池之穩定性或電特性,提出有非水電解液用之各種添加劑。作為此種添加劑,提出有1,3-丙烷磺內酯(例如參照專利文獻1)、碳酸乙烯基伸乙酯(例如參照專利文獻2)、碳酸伸乙烯酯(例如參照專利文獻3)、1,3-丙烷磺內酯、丁烷磺內酯(例如參照專利文獻4)、碳酸伸乙烯酯(例如參照專利文獻5)、碳酸乙烯基伸乙酯(例如參照專利文獻6)等,其中,碳酸伸乙烯酯因效果較大而被廣泛使用。該等添加劑於陽極之表面形成被稱為SEI(Solid Electrolyte Interface:固體電解質膜)之穩定之覆膜,認為藉由使該覆膜覆蓋陽極之表面而抑制電解液之還原分解。
近年來,鈷或鎳等稀有金屬之價格高漲,並且使用錳或鐵等低價金屬材料之陰極活性物質之使用及開發急速滲透。其中,含有錳之含鋰過渡金屬氧化物之鹽係因於非水電解液二次電池之電容或輸出之方面性能優異
而受到關注之陰極活性物質之一種。然而,得知於將含有錳之含鋰過渡金屬氧化物之鹽用作陰極活性物質之非水電解二次電池中,尤其是於在高溫下保存之情形時或於高溫下反覆進行充放電之情形時,錳容易自陰極溶出,因該溶出後之錳而引起產生副反應,引起電池之劣化,從而導致內部電阻增加、電容或輸出降低。
作為抑制來自陰極之錳之溶出之方法,提出有非水電解液用之各種添加劑。作為此種添加劑,提出有二磺酸酯等(例如參照專利文獻7),但要求進一步之改良。
專利文獻1:日本專利特開昭63-102173號公報
專利文獻2:日本專利特開平4-87156號公報
專利文獻3:日本專利特開平5-74486號公報
專利文獻4:日本專利特開平10-50342號公報
專利文獻5:美國專利5626981號說明書
專利文獻6:美國專利6241596號說明書
專利文獻7:美國專利申請公開2004/043300號說明書
因此,本發明之目的在於在使用鋰鹽溶解於有機溶劑中而成之非水電解液之非水電解液二次電池中,不僅於使用鈷或鎳等稀有金屬之鹽作為陰極活性物質之情形時,亦於使用含有錳之含鋰過渡金屬氧化物之鹽作為陰極活性物質之情形時,即便經過高溫下之保存或高溫下之充放電,亦可
維持較小之內部電阻與較高之電容。
本發明者等人進行努力研究,結果發現藉由使用含有特定結構之化合物之非水電解液,可達成上述目的,從而完成本發明。
本發明提供一種非水電解液,其係鋰鹽溶解於有機溶劑中而成者,且含有下述通式(1)所表示之化合物之至少1種。
(式中,n表示1~6之整數,於n為1或3~6之情形時,R1表示具有氧原子或者硫原子之至少1個之碳原子數1~20之基,於n為2之情形時,R1表示-O-、-S-或具有氧原子或者硫原子之至少1個之碳原子數1~20之基,R2、R3及R4分別獨立地表示碳原子數1~20之飽和脂肪族烴基或碳原子數6~20之芳香族烴基,Z1表示直接鍵或具有取代基或者未經取代之碳原子數1~20之2價脂肪族烴基)
又,本發明提供一種包含上述非水電解液之非水電解液二次電池。
又,本發明提供一種下述通式(1')所表示之化合物。
(式中,n'表示2~6之整數,R1'係具有取代基或者未經取代之噻吩環或至少包含1個噻吩環之2~4環之縮合雜環,該縮合雜環具有取代基或者未經取代,R2'、R3'及R4'分別獨立地表示碳原子數1~20之飽和脂肪族烴基或碳原子數6~20之芳香族烴基,Z1'表示直接鍵或具有取代基或者未經取代之碳原子數1~20之2價脂肪族烴基)
1:陰極
1a:陰極集電體
2:陽極
2a:陽極集電體
3:電解液
4:陰極箱
5:陽極箱
6:襯墊
7:隔離膜
10:硬幣型之非水電解液二次電池
10':圓筒型之非水電解液二次電池
11:陽極
12:陽極集電體
13:陰極
14:陰極集電體
15:電解液
16:隔離膜
17:陰極端子
18:陽極端子
19:陽極板
20:陽極引線
21:陰極
22:陰極引線
23:箱
24:絕緣板
25:襯墊
26:安全閥
27:PTC元件
圖1係概略性地表示作為本發明之非水電解液二次電池之一實施形態之硬幣型電池之結構之一例之縱剖視圖。
圖2係表示作為本發明之非水電解液二次電池之另一實施形態之圓筒型電池之基本構成之概略圖。
圖3係表示使圖2所示之圓筒型電池斷裂後表示其內部結構之立體圖。
以下,關於本發明之非水電解液及非水電解液二次電池,基於該等之較佳之實施形態詳細地進行說明。
<非水電解液>
對本發明之非水電解液進行說明。本發明之非水電解液係於使鋰鹽
溶解於有機溶劑中而成者,且至少含有一種上述通式(1)所表示之化合物。
首先,對上述通式(1)所表示之化合物進行說明。
於通式(1)中,n表示1~6之整數,於n為1或3~6之情形時,R1表示具有氧原子或者硫原子之至少1個之碳原子數1~20之基,於n為2之情形時,表示-O-、-S-或具有氧原子或者硫原子之至少1個之碳原子數1~20之基,R2、R3及R4分別獨立地表示碳原子數1~20之飽和脂肪族烴基或碳原子數6~20之芳香族烴基。R1所表示之具有氧原子或硫原子之至少1個之碳原子數1~20之基可為鏈狀,亦可為環狀,只要為具有n個取代(n價)者,則並無特別限定。作為R1所表示之基,較佳為具有至少1個硫原子。於R1為鏈狀之情形時,較佳為鏈狀之末端(與Z1之鍵結原子)為氧原子或硫原子之基,於為環狀之情形時,較佳為具有氧原子或硫原子之至少一個之作為芳香族雜環之基。該情形時之芳香族雜環既可為單環雜環,亦可為縮合雜環,於縮合雜環之情形時,較佳為2~4環之縮合環。
於R1為鏈狀之情形時,通式(1)中之n為2~6,較佳為2~3,進而較佳為2。於n=2之情形時,R1為-O-Z2-O-或-S-Z2'-S-,Z2表示具有取代基或未經取代之碳原子數1~5之2價脂肪族烴基,Z2'表示直接鍵或具有取代基或者未經取代之碳原子數1~5之2價脂肪族烴基。作為碳原子數1~5之2價脂肪族烴基,可列舉:甲二基、1,1-乙二基、1,2-乙二基、1,1-丙二基,1,2-丙二基、1,3-丙二基、1,2-丁二基、1,3-丁二基、1,4-丁二基、2-甲基-1,2-丙二基、2-甲基-1,3-丙二基、1,1-戊二基、1,2-戊二基、1,3-戊二基、1,4-戊二基、1,5-戊二基、2,3-戊二基、2,4-戊二基、2-甲基-1,2-丁二基、2-甲基-1,3-丁二基、2-甲基-1,4-丁二基、2-甲基-1,5-丁二基、2-甲
基-2,3-丁二基、2-甲基-2,4-丁二基、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二基等,該等中之C-C鍵亦可成為C=C或C≡C。又,碳原子數1~5之2價脂肪族烴基亦可於-O-、-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-O-C(=O)-O-、-S-、-C(=S)-或-S-S-不相鄰之條件下中斷1~3次(於該情形時,於中斷之基包含碳原子之情形時,包含中斷之基之碳原子數成為Z2之規定之範圍內)。作為取代該等基之基,可列舉:鹵素原子、硝基、羥基、氰基等。
作為-O-Z2-O-所表示之具體例,可列舉如下者。
作為-S-Z2'-S-所表示之具體例,可列舉如下者。
於n為3之情形時,R1係由下述通式(2)或(3)表示。
(Z3表示具有取代基或未經取代之碳原子數1~5之3價脂肪族烴基)
作為Z3所表示之碳原子數1~5之3價脂肪族烴基,可列舉:甲三基、1,1,2-乙三基、1,2,3-丙三基、1,1,2-丙三基、1,2,3-丁三基、1,2,4-丁三基、1,2,3-戊三基、1,2,4-戊三基、1,2,5戊三基,該等中之C-C鍵亦可成為C=C或C≡C。又,碳原子數1~5之3價脂肪族烴基亦可於-O-、-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-O-C(=O)-O-、-S-、-C(=S)-或-S-S-不相鄰之條件下中斷1~3次(於該情形時,於中斷之基包含碳原子之情形時,包含中斷之基之碳原子數成為Z3之規定之範圍內)。作為取代該等基之基,可列舉:鹵素原子、硝基、羥基、氰基等。
作為通式(2)所表示之具體例,可列舉如下者。
作為通式(3)所表示之具體例,可列舉如下者。
於n為4之情形時,R1係由下述通式(4)或(5)表示。
(Z4表示具有取代基或未經取代之碳原子數1~5之4價脂肪族烴基)
作為Z4所表示之碳原子數1~5之4價脂肪族烴基,可列舉:甲四基、1,1,2,2-乙四基、1,1,1,2-乙四基、1,1,2,3-丙四基、1,1,2,3,3-丙四基、1,1,1,2-丙四基、1,1,1,3-丙四基、1,1,2,2-丙四基、1,2,2,3-丙四基、1,2,3,4-丁四基、1,1,2,3-丁四基、1,1,3,4-丁四基、1,1,2,2-丁四基、1,1,3,3-丁四基、1,1,4,4-丁四基、1,1,1,2-丁四基、1,1,1,3-丁四基、1,1,1,4-丁四基、1,2,2,3-丁四基、1,2,2,4-丁四基、1,2,3,4-戊四基、1,2,3,5-戊四基、1,2,4,5-戊四基等,該等中之C-C鍵亦可成為C=C或C≡C。又,碳原子數1~5之4價脂肪族烴基亦可於-O-、-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-O-C(=O)-O-、-S-、-C(=S)-、-S-S-不相鄰之條件下中斷1~3次(於該情形時,於中斷之基包含碳原子之情形時,包含中斷之基之碳原子數成為Z2之規定之範圍內)。作為取代該等基之基,可列舉:鹵素原子、硝基、羥基、氰基等。
作為通式(4)所表示之具體例,可列舉如下者。
作為通式(5)所表示之具體例,可列舉如下者。
於R1為環狀之情形時,該環為雜環,作為具體例,如下所述。該等之中,較佳為具有呋喃環或噻吩環之至少一個者,更佳為具有至少一個噻吩環者。
(式中,X1、X2、X3分別獨立地表示氧原子或硫原子)
又,上述雜環中之氫原子亦可經鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、或碳原子數1~6之烴基、烴氧基或烴硫基取代,作為碳原子數1~6之烴基,可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第三丁基、戊基、己基、環己
基、苯基等,作為碳原子數1~6之烴氧基,可列舉上述烴基與雜環之鍵經氧原子中斷者,作為碳原子數1~6之烴硫基,可列舉上述烴基與雜環之鍵經硫原子中斷者。
作為通式(1)中之R2~R4所表示之碳原子數1~20之烴基,可列舉:碳原子數1~20之飽和或不飽和之脂肪族烴基、碳原子數6~20之芳香族烴基。作為碳原子數1~20之飽和或不飽和之烴基,可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、2-丙炔基、丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、異戊基、己基、癸基、十二烷基、十八烷基、乙烯基、乙炔基、烯丙基、炔丙基、3-丁烯基、異丁烯基、3-丁炔基、4-戊烯基、5-己烯基等。作為碳原子數6~20之芳香族烴基,可列舉:苯基、萘基、環己基苯基、聯苯基、茀基、2'-苯基-丙基苯基、苄基、萘基甲基等。
通式(1)中所存在之n個R2~R4之基既可分別為相同之基,亦可為不同之基,由於所存在之n個R2~R4之基分別為相同之基之化合物容易製造,故而較佳。
作為通式(1)中之Z1所表示之碳原子數1~20之2價脂肪族烴基,可列舉:甲二基、1,1-乙二基、1,2-乙二基、1,1-丙二基,1,2-丙二基、1,3-丙二基、1,2-丁二基、1,3-丁二基、1,4-丁二基、2-甲基-1,2-丙二基、2-甲基-1,3-丙二基、1,1-戊二基、1,2-戊二基、1,3-戊二基、1,4-戊二基、1,5-戊二基、2,3-戊二基、2,4-戊二基、2-甲基-1,2-丁二基、2-甲基-1,3-丁二基、2-甲基-1,4-丁二基、2-甲基-1,5-丁二基、2-甲基-2,3-丁二基、2-甲基-2,4-丁二基、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二基、己二基、庚二基、辛二基、壬二基、癸二基等,該等中之C-C鍵亦可成為C=C或C≡C。又,碳原子數1~20之2價脂肪族烴基亦可於-O-、-C(=O)-、-C(=O)-O-、-O-C(=O)-、-O-
C(=O)-O-、-S-、-C(=S)-或-S-S-不相鄰之條件下中斷1~3次。作為取代該等基之基,可列舉:鹵素原子、硝基、羥基、氰基或下述通式(6)所表示之基。
(式中,R2、R3、R4及Z1係與上述者相同之基,*表示於*所表示之部位進行取代)
於中斷或取代之基包含碳原子之情形時,包含中斷或取代之基之碳原子數成為Z1之規定之範圍內。
於通式(1)中,n為1~6之整數,於n處於該範圍之情形時,發揮本發明之效果,但較佳為1~4。於n大於6之情形時,化合物之沸點增高而難以精製,故而欠佳。
作為n為1之情形時之上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之具體例,可列舉以下之No.1-1~1-16。
作為n為2之情形時之上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之具體例,可列舉以下之No.2-1~2-31。
作為n為3之情形時之上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之具體例,可列舉以下之No.3-1。
作為n為4之情形時之上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之具體例,可列舉以下之No.4-1。
於上述通式(1)所表示之化合物中,關於R1以外之取代基,較佳為以下者。
‧R2、R3及R4係碳原子數1~10之飽和脂肪族烴基或苯基,尤其係碳原子數1~5之飽和脂肪族烴基或苯基。
‧Z1係直接鍵或未經取代之碳原子數1~10之2價脂肪族烴基,尤其係直接鍵或未經取代之碳原子數1~5之2價脂肪族烴基者。
於本發明之非水電解液中,上述通式(1)所表示之化合物既可僅使用1種,亦可將2種以上組合使用。
又,於本發明之非水電解液中,存在於上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之含量過少之情形時無法發揮充分之效果,於過多之情形時,不僅無法獲得與調配量相應之增量效果,反而會對非水電解液之特性造成不良影響之情況,因此通式(1)所表示之化合物之含量於非水電解液中較佳為0.001~10質量%,進而較佳為0.01~8質量%,最佳為0.1~5質量%。
本發明之非水電解液進而較佳為添加氟矽烷化合物、具有不飽和基之環狀碳酸酯化合物、鏈狀碳酸酯化合物、上述通式(1)以外所表示之不飽和二酯化合物(尤其是不飽和雙羧酸烷氧基矽烷基酯)、環狀硫酸酯、環狀亞硫酸酯、磺內酯、或鹵化環狀碳酸酯化合物。
作為上述氟矽烷化合物,可列舉雙(氟二甲基矽烷基)甲烷、雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)甲烷、1,2-雙(氟二甲基矽烷基)乙烷、1,2-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)乙烷、1,3-雙(氟二甲基矽烷基)丙烷、1,3-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)丙烷、1,4-雙(氟二甲基矽烷基)丁烷、1,4-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)丁烷、1,4-(雙氟二甲基矽烷基)苯、1,4-(雙二氟甲基矽烷基)苯、三(氟二甲基矽烷基)甲烷、三(二氟甲基矽烷基)甲烷、四(氟二甲基矽烷基)甲烷、四(二氟甲基矽烷基)甲烷等,較佳為1,2-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)乙烷、1,3-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)丙烷、1,4-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)丁烷、及三(二氟甲基矽烷基)甲烷,作為上述具有不飽和基之環狀碳酸酯化合物,可列舉:碳酸伸乙烯酯、碳酸乙烯基伸乙酯、碳酸亞丙酯、碳酸伸乙基亞乙酯、碳酸伸乙基亞異丙酯等,較佳為碳酸伸乙烯酯及碳酸乙烯基伸乙酯,作為上述鏈狀碳酸酯化合物,可列舉:碳酸二炔丙酯、碳酸炔丙基甲酯、碳酸乙基炔丙酯、碳酸雙(1-甲基炔丙基)酯、碳酸雙(1-二甲基炔丙基)酯等。
作為上述不飽和二酯化合物,可列舉:順丁烯二酸二甲酯、順丁烯二酸二乙酯、順丁烯二酸二丙酯、順丁烯二酸二丁酯、順丁烯二酸二戊酯、順丁烯二酸二己酯、順丁烯二酸二庚酯、順丁烯二酸二辛酯、反丁烯二酸二甲酯、反丁烯二酸二乙酯、反丁烯二酸二丙酯、反丁烯二酸二丁酯、反丁烯二酸二戊酯、反丁烯二酸二己酯、反丁烯二酸二庚酯、反丁烯二酸二辛酯、乙炔二羧酸二甲酯、乙炔二羧酸二乙酯、乙炔二羧酸二丙酯、乙炔二羧酸二丁酯、乙炔二羧酸二戊酯、乙炔二羧酸二己酯、乙炔二羧酸二庚酯、乙炔二羧酸二辛酯、乙炔二甲酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、乙炔二甲酸雙(乙基二甲基矽烷基)酯、乙炔二甲酸雙(二甲基丙基矽烷基)酯、乙炔二甲酸雙(二甲基丁基矽烷基)酯、乙炔二甲酸雙(二甲基乙烯基矽烷基)酯、反丁烯二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、順丁烯二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、鄰苯二甲酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、間苯二甲酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、對苯二甲酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、丙二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、琥珀酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、戊二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、己二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯等,作為上述環狀硫酸酯,可列舉:1,3,2-二氧硫雜環戊烷-2,2-二氧化物、1,3-丙二醇環狀硫酸鹽、丙烷-1,2-環狀硫酸鹽等,作為上述環狀亞硫酸酯,可列舉:亞硫酸乙二酯、亞硫酸丙二酯等,作為上述磺內酯,可列舉:丙烷磺內酯、丁烷磺內酯、1,5,2,4-二氧二硫戊環-2,2,4,4-四氧化物等,作為上述鹵化環狀碳酸酯化合物,可列舉:碳酸氯乙二酯、碳酸二氯乙二酯、碳酸氟乙二酯、碳酸二氟乙二酯等。
該等添加劑之中,較佳為1,2-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)乙烷、1,4-雙(二氟
甲基矽烷基)丁烷、三(二氟甲基矽烷基)甲烷、碳酸伸乙烯酯、碳酸乙烯基伸乙酯、碳酸二炔丙酯、乙炔二羧酸二甲酯、乙炔二羧酸二乙酯、乙炔二甲酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、反丁烯二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、順丁烯二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、丙烷磺內酯、丁烷磺內酯、碳酸氯乙二酯、碳酸二氯乙二酯、及碳酸氟乙二酯,進而較佳為1,2-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)乙烷、1,4-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)丁烷、三(二氟甲基矽烷基)甲烷、碳酸伸乙烯酯、碳酸二炔丙酯、乙炔二羧酸二甲酯、反丁烯二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、順丁烯二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、丙烷磺內酯、及碳酸氟乙二酯,最佳為1,2-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)乙烷、1,4-雙(二氟甲基矽烷基)丁烷、三(二氟甲基矽烷基)甲烷、碳酸伸乙烯酯、反丁烯二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯、順丁烯二酸雙(三甲基矽烷基)酯及碳酸氟乙二酯。
該等添加劑可僅使用1種,亦可將2種以上組合使用。於本發明之非水電解液中,存在於該等添加劑之含量過少之情形時,無法發揮充分之效果,於過多之情形時,不僅無法獲得與調配量相應之增量效果,反而會對非水電解液之特性造成不良影響之情況,因此該等添加劑之含量於非水電解液中,較佳為合計為0.005~10質量%,進而較佳為0.02~5質量%,最佳為0.05~3質量%。
本發明之非水電解液使用有機溶劑。作為有機溶劑,可將非水電解液通常使用之1種或將2種以上組合使用。具體而言,可列舉:飽和環狀碳酸酯化合物、飽和環狀酯化合物、亞碸化合物、碸化合物、醯胺化合物、飽和鏈狀碳酸酯化合物、鏈狀醚化合物、環狀醚化合物、飽和鏈狀酯化合物等。
上述有機溶劑中,飽和環狀碳酸酯化合物、飽和環狀酯化合物、亞
碸化合物、碸化合物及醯胺化合物由於相對介電常數較高,故而發揮提高非水電解液之介電常數之功能,尤佳為飽和環狀碳酸酯化合物。作為該飽和環狀碳酸酯化合物,例如可列舉:碳酸乙二酯、碳酸1-氟伸乙酯、碳酸1,2-伸丙酯、碳酸1,3-伸丙酯、碳酸1,2-伸丁酯、碳酸1,3-伸丁酯、碳酸1,1,-二甲基伸乙酯等。
作為上述飽和環狀酯化合物,可列舉:γ-丁內酯、γ-戊內酯、γ-己內酯、δ-己內酯、δ-辛內酯等。
作為上述亞碸化合物,可列舉:二甲基亞碸、二乙基亞碸、二丙基亞碸、二苯基亞碸、噻吩等。
作為上述碸化合物,可列舉:二甲基碸、二乙基碸、二丙基碸、二苯基碸、環丁碸(亦稱為四亞甲基碸)、3-甲基環丁碸、3,4-二甲基環丁碸、3,4-二苯基甲基環丁碸、環丁烯碸、3-甲基環丁烯碸、3-乙基環丁烯碸、3-溴甲基環丁烯碸等,較佳為環丁碸、四甲基環丁碸。
作為上述醯胺化合物,可列舉:N-甲基吡咯啶酮、二甲基甲醯胺、二甲基乙醯胺等。
上述有機溶劑中,飽和鏈狀碳酸酯化合物、鏈狀醚化合物、環狀醚化合物及飽和鏈狀酯化合物可降低非水電解液之黏度,可提高電解質離子之遷移性等,從而使輸出密度等電池特性優異。又,由於為低黏度,故而可提高低溫下之非水電解液之性能,其中,較佳為飽和鏈狀碳酸酯化合物。作為該飽和鏈狀碳酸酯化合物,例如可列舉:碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、碳酸乙基甲酯(EMC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸乙基丁酯、碳酸甲基第三丁酯、碳酸二異丙酯、碳酸第三丁基丙酯等。
作為上述鏈狀醚化合物或環狀醚化合物,例如可列舉:二甲氧基乙烷
(DME)、乙氧基甲氧基乙烷、二乙氧基乙烷、四氫呋喃、二氧戊環、二烷、1,2-雙(甲氧基羰氧基)乙烷、1,2-雙(乙氧基羰氧基)乙烷、1,2-雙(乙氧基羰氧基)丙烷、乙二醇雙(三氟乙基)醚、丙二醇雙(三氟乙基)醚、乙二醇雙(三氟甲基)醚、二乙二醇雙(三氟乙基)醚等,該等之中,較佳為二氧戊環。
作為上述飽和鏈狀酯化合物,較佳為分子中之碳數之合計為2~8之單酯化合物及二酯化合物,作為具體之化合物,可列舉:甲酸甲酯、甲酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸異丁酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酸甲酯、丙酸乙酯、丁酸甲酯、異丁酸甲酯、三甲基乙酸甲酯、三甲基乙酸乙酯、丙二酸甲酯、丙二酸乙酯、琥珀酸甲酯、琥珀酸乙酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-甲氧基丙酸乙酯、乙二醇二乙醯、丙二醇二乙醯等,較佳為甲酸甲酯、甲酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸異丁酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酸甲酯、及丙酸乙酯。
此外,作為有機溶劑,亦可使用乙腈、丙腈、硝基甲烷或該等之衍生物。
作為本發明之非水電解液所使用之鋰鹽,使用先前公知之鋰鹽,例如可列舉:LiPF6、LiBF4、LiAsF6、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiC(CF3SO2)3、LiB(CF3SO3)4、LiB(C2O4)2、LiBF2(C2O4)、LiSbF6、LiSiF5、LiAlF4、LiSCN、LiClO4、LiCl、LiF、LiBr、Lil、LiAlF4、LiAlCl4、及該等之衍生物等,該等之中,使用選自由LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiCF3SO3、及LiC(CF3SO2)3以及LiCF3SO3之衍生物、及LiC(CF3SO2)3之衍生物所組成之群中之1種以上之情況時電特性優異,因此較佳。
上述鋰鹽較佳為以本發明之非水電解液中之濃度成為0.1~3.0mol/L、尤其成為0.5~2.0mol/L之方式溶解於上述有機溶劑中。若該鋰鹽之濃度小於0.1mol/L,則存在無法獲得充分之電流密度之情況,若大於3.0mol/L,則有損害非水電解液之穩定性之虞。關於上述鋰鹽,亦可將2種以上之鋰鹽組合使用。
亦可於本發明之非水電解液中進而添加其他過度充電防止劑。作為過度充電防止劑,可列舉:聯苯、烷基聯苯、聯三苯、聯三苯之局部氫化體、環己基苯、第三丁基苯、第三戊基苯、二苯醚、二苯并呋喃等芳香族化合物;2-氟聯苯、鄰環己基氟苯、對環己基氟苯等上述芳香族化合物之局部氟化物;及2,4-二氟苯甲醚、2,5-二氟苯甲醚、2,6-二氟苯甲醚、3,5-二氟苯甲醚等含氟苯甲醚化合物等。其中,較佳為聯苯、烷基聯苯、聯三苯、聯三苯之局部氫化體、環己基苯、第三丁基苯、第三戊基苯、二苯醚、二苯并呋喃等芳香族化合物。
又,亦可較佳地使用下述1~25之化合物。
於添加過度充電防止劑之情形時,其添加量並無特別限制,於非水電解液中,較佳為0.001~10質量%,進而較佳為0.01~8質量%,最佳為0.1~5質量%。
又,為了賦予阻燃性,亦可於本發明之非水電解液中適當添加鹵素系、磷系、其他阻燃劑。存在於阻燃劑之添加量過少之情形時無法發揮充分之阻燃化效果,於過多之情形時,不僅無法獲得與調配量相應之增量效果,反而會對非水電解液之特性造成不良影響之情況,因此相對於構成本發明之非水電解液之有機溶劑,較佳為1~50質量%,進而較佳為3~10質量%。
本發明之非水電解液亦可用作一次電池或二次電池之任一電池之非水電解液,藉由用作構成如本發明之非水電解液二次電池尤其是鋰離子二
次電池之非水電解液而發揮上述效果。
<非水電解液二次電池>
本發明之非水電解液二次電池只要使用上述本發明之非水電解液,則並無特別限定,尤佳為具有可將鋰遷出/嵌入之陽極、含有過渡金屬與鋰之陰極、及使鋰鹽溶解於有機溶劑中而成之非水電解液之非水電解液二次電池。
<陽極>
本發明中所使用之可將鋰遷出/嵌入之陽極只要可將鋰遷出/嵌入,則並無特別限定,較佳為如下所述。即,作為本發明之非水電解液二次電池之陽極,使用將利用有機溶劑或水使陽極活性物質與黏合劑漿料化而成者塗佈於集電體,並使之乾燥而製成片狀者,視需要調配導電材。
作為陽極活性物質,使用天然石墨、人造石墨、難石墨化碳、易石墨化碳、鋰、鋰合金、錫合金、矽合金、氧化矽、氧化鈦等,但並不限定於該等,就本發明之效果(過度充電防止能力優異,即便經過充放電亦可維持較小之內部電阻與高電容)優異之方面而言,較佳為包含碳原子之陽極活性物質即天然石墨、人造石墨、難石墨化碳、易石墨化碳。本發明之陽極可將上述陽極活性物質混合使用,於該情形時,較佳為將包含碳原子之陽極活性物質用作其中之一。
作為陽極之黏合劑,例如可列舉:聚偏二氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、EPDM(Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer,三元乙丙橡膠)、SBR(Styrene Butadiene Rubber,苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠)、NBR(Nitrile Butadiene Rubber,丁腈橡膠)、氟橡膠、聚丙烯酸等,但並不限定於該等。關於陽極之黏合劑之使用量,相對於陽極活性物質100質量份,較佳
為0.001~5質量份,進而較佳為0.05~3質量份,最佳為0.01~2質量份。
作為陽極之進行漿料化之溶劑,例如可列舉:N-甲基吡咯啶酮、二甲基甲醯胺、二甲基乙醯胺、甲基乙基酮、環己酮、乙酸甲酯、丙烯酸甲酯、二乙基三胺、N,N-二甲胺基丙胺、聚環氧乙烷、四氫呋喃等,但並不限定於此。關於溶劑之使用量,相對於陽極活性物質100質量份,較佳為30~300質量份,進而較佳為50~200質量份。
陽極之集電體通常使用銅、鎳、不鏽鋼、鍍鎳鋼等。
又,作為視需要調配之導電材,使用石墨烯、石墨之微粒子、乙炔黑、科琴黑等碳黑、針狀焦等無定形碳之微粒子等、碳奈米纖維等,但並不限定於該等。
<陰極>
作為本發明中所使用之含有過渡金屬與鋰之陰極,使用與通常之二次電池同樣地將利用有機溶劑或水使陰極活性物質、黏合劑、導電材等漿料化而成者塗佈於集電體,並使之乾燥而製成片狀者。
陰極活性物質係含有過渡金屬與鋰者,較佳為含有1種過渡金屬與鋰之物質,例如可列舉:鋰過渡金屬複合氧化物、含鋰之過渡金屬磷氧化合物等,亦可將該等混合使用。作為上述鋰過渡金屬複合氧化物之過渡金屬,較佳為釩、鈦、鉻、錳、鐵、鈷、鎳、銅等。作為鋰過渡金屬複合氧化物之具體例,可列舉:LiCoO2等鋰鈷複合氧化物、LiNiO2等鋰鎳複合氧化物、LiMnO2、LiMn2O4、Li2MnO3等鋰錳複合氧化物、利用鋁、鈦、釩、鉻、錳、鐵、鈷、鋰、鎳、銅、鋅、鎂、鎵、鋯等其他金屬取代成為該等鋰過渡金屬複合氧化物之主體之過渡金屬原子之一部分而成者等。作為經取代者之具體例,例如可列舉:Li1.1Mn1.8Mg0.1O4、
Li1.1Mn1.85Al0.05O4、LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2、LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2、LiNi0.80Co0.17Al0.03O2、LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2、LiMn1.8Al0.2O4、LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4等。作為上述含鋰之過渡金屬磷氧化合物之過渡金屬,較佳為釩、鈦、錳、鐵、鈷、鎳等,作為具體例,例如可列舉:LiFePO4等磷酸鐵類、LiCoPO4等磷酸鈷類、利用鋁、鈦、釩、鉻、錳、鐵、鈷、鋰、鎳、銅、鋅、鎂、鎵、鋯、鈮等其他金屬取代成為該等鋰過渡金屬磷氧化合物之主體之過渡金屬原子之一部分而成者等。該等之中,就本發明之效果(過度充電防止能力優異,即便經過充放電亦可維持較小之內部電阻與高電容)優異之方面而言,較佳為含有錳之鋰過渡金屬複合氧化物,其中,更佳為LiMn2O4、Li1.1Mn1.8Mg0.1O4、Li1.1Mn1.85Al0.05O4、LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2、LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2。認為其原因在於藉由本發明之非水電解液中之通式(1)所表示之化合物抑制來自陰極之錳溶出。
作為陰極之黏合劑及進行漿料化之溶劑,與上述陽極所使用者相同。關於陰極之黏合劑之使用量,相對於陰極活性物質100質量份,較佳為0.001~20質量份,進而較佳為0.01~10質量份,最佳為0.02~8質量份。關於陰極之溶劑之使用量,相對於陰極活性物質100質量份,較佳為30~300質量份,進而較佳為50~200質量份。
作為陰極之導電材,使用石墨烯、石墨之微粒子、乙炔黑、科琴黑等碳黑、針狀焦等無定形碳之微粒子等、碳奈米纖維等,但並不限定於該等。關於陰極之導電材之使用量,相對於陰極活性物質100質量份,較佳為0.01~20質量份,進而較佳為0.1~10質量份。
作為陰極之集電體,通常使用鋁、不鏽鋼、鍍鎳鋼等。
於本發明之非水電解液二次電池中,較佳為於陰極與陽極之間使用
隔離膜,作為該隔離膜,可並無特別限定地使用通常使用之高分子之微多孔膜。作為該膜,例如可列舉:包含聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯醯胺、聚四氟乙烯、聚碸、聚醚碸、聚碳酸酯、聚醯胺、聚醯亞胺、聚環氧乙烷或聚環氧丙烷等聚醚類、羧甲基纖維素或羥丙基纖維素等各種纖維素類、將聚(甲基)丙烯酸及其各種酯類等作為主體之高分子化合物或其衍生物、該等之共聚物或混合物之膜等。該等膜可單獨使用,亦可將該等膜重合後以複數層膜之形式使用。進而,該等膜亦可使用各種添加劑,其種類或含量並無特別限制。該等膜之中,本發明之非水電解液二次電池可較佳地使用包含聚乙烯或聚丙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚碸之膜。
該等膜係以使電解液滲入並使離子容易透過之方式進行微多孔化。作為該微多孔化之方法,可列舉:一面使高分子化合物與溶劑之溶液微相分離一面製膜,並將溶劑萃取去除而進行多孔化之「相分離法」,於以高拉伸比將熔融後之高分子化合物擠出並製膜後進行熱處理,使結晶沿一方向排列,進而藉由延伸於結晶間形成間隙而實現多孔化之「延伸法」等,根據所使用之膜而適當選擇。
於本發明之非水電解液二次電池中,為了進一步提高安全性,亦可於陰極材料、非水電解液及隔離膜中添加酚系抗氧化劑、磷系抗氧化劑、硫醚系抗氧化劑、受阻胺化合物等。
關於包含上述構成之本發明之非水電解液二次電池,其形狀並不受特別限制,可製成硬幣型、圓筒型、方型等各種形狀。圖1係表示本發明之非水電解液二次電池之硬幣型電池之一例之圖,圖2及圖3係分別表示圓筒型電池之一例之圖。
於圖1所示之硬幣型之非水電解液二次電池10中,1係可釋放鋰離子之陰極,1a係陰極集電體,2係可吸藏、釋放自陰極釋放之鋰離子之包含碳質材料之陽極,2a係陽極集電體,3係本發明之非水電解液,4係不鏽鋼製之陰極箱,5係不鏽鋼製之陽極箱,6係聚丙烯製之襯墊,7係聚乙烯製之隔離膜。
又,於圖2及圖3所示之圓筒型之非水電解液二次電池10'中,11係陽極,12係陽極集電體,13係陰極,14係陰極集電體,15係本發明之非水電解液,16係隔離膜,17係陰極端子,18係陽極端子,19係陽極板,20係陽極引線,21係陰極板,22係陰極引線,23係箱,24係絕緣板,25係襯墊,26係安全閥,27係PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient,正溫度係數)元件。
繼而,針對本發明之新穎化合物詳細地進行說明。本發明之新穎化合物係通式(1')所表示之化合物,且係上述通式(1)所表示之化合物中,R1、式(1')中所謂之R1'為具有取代基或者未經取代之噻吩環、或至少包含1個噻吩環之2~4之縮合雜環,縮合雜環具有取代基或者未經取代,式(1)中之n、式(1')中所謂之n'為2~6之整數之化合物。
上述通式(1')中之R1'、R2'、R3'、R4'、Z1'表示與上述通式(1)之R1、R2、R3、R4、Z1相同之基。
本發明之新穎化合物並無特別限定,例如,可藉由利用鹵化矽烷化合物或二矽氮烷化合物將與通式(1')對應之羧酸(2')之羧基製成矽烷基酯而製造。以下表示使n價之羧酸(2')於鹼性條件下與n當量之鹵化矽烷化合物(3')反應而製造之情形時之反應式。
本發明之新穎化合物除上述非水電解液用之添加劑以外,亦可用作防污劑、脫模劑等。
[實施例]
以下,藉由實施例及比較例對本發明更詳細地進行說明。但是,本發明並不受以下實施例等任何限制。再者,關於實施例中之「份」或「%」,只要未特別說明,則係與質量相關。
合成例1~4係上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之合成例,其中,合成例4係本發明之新穎化合物之合成例。實施例1~6以及比較例1及2係本發明之非水電解液及非水電解液二次電池之實施例以及其比較例。
[合成例1]化合物No.1-1之合成
向燒瓶中添加2-噻吩羧酸(6.397g,49.9mmol),並於減壓乾燥後進行氬氣置換。添加30.0mL乙酸丁酯,並加熱至80℃。其後,緩慢滴加1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基矽氮烷(6.75mL,32.5mmol)。其後,於100℃下攪拌3小時。繼而,進行蒸發,對粗成物進行蒸餾(1.0mmHg、油浴90℃、氣體64℃)而獲得無色液體之目標物3.06g(產率31%)。使用1H-NMR(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,核磁共振)、IR(Infrared Radiation,紅外線放射)確認所獲得之液體為目標物。將資料示於[表1]。
[合成例2]化合物No.2-1之合成
向燒瓶中添加2,2'-硫代雙乙醇酸(5.098g、34.0mmol),並於減壓乾燥後進行氬氣置換。添加30.0mL乙酸丁酯並加熱至80℃。其後,緩慢滴加1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基二矽氮烷(9.18mL、44.1mmol)。其後,於100℃下攪拌3小時。繼而,進行蒸發,對粗產物進行蒸餾(5.4mmHg、油浴150℃、氣體129℃)而獲得無色液體之目標物5.759g(產率57.6%)。使用1H-NMR、IR確認所獲得之液體為目標物。將資料示於[表1]。
[合成例3]化合物No.2-2之合成
向燒瓶中添加(伸乙基二硫代)二乙酸(5.929g、28.2mmol),並於減壓乾燥後進行氬氣置換。添加30.0mL乙酸丁酯並加熱至100℃。其後,緩慢滴加1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基二矽氮烷(7.63mL、36.7mmol)。其後,於100℃下攪拌3小時。繼而,進行蒸發,並對粗產物進行蒸餾(0.6mmHg、油浴180℃、氣體150℃)而獲得白色固體之目標物3.908g(產率39.1%)。使用1H-NMR、IR確認所獲得之固體為目標物。將資料示於[表1]。
[合成例4]化合物No.2-11之合成
向燒瓶中添加2,5-噻吩二羧酸(5.438g、31.6mmol),並於減壓乾燥後進行氬氣置換。添加50.0mL乙酸丁酯並加熱至100℃。其後,緩慢滴加1,1,1,3,3,3-六甲基二矽氮烷(8.54mL、41.1mmol)。其後,於100℃下攪拌3小時。繼而,進行蒸發,並對粗產物進行蒸餾(0.8mmHg、油浴180℃、氣體150℃)而獲得白色固體之目標物4.360g(產率43.6%)。使用1H-NMR、IR確認所獲得之固體為目標物。將資料示於[表1]。
[實施例1~8及比較例1~4]
[非水電解液之製作]
將LiPF6以1mol/L之濃度溶解於包含碳酸乙二酯30體積%、碳酸乙基甲酯40體積%、碳酸二甲酯30體積%之混合溶劑中而製備電解質溶液。
使作為電解液添加劑之[表2]所記載之化合物以成為[表2]所記載之含量之方式溶解於上述電解質溶液中,製備本發明之非水電解液及比較例之非水電解液。再者,[表2]中之()內之數字表示非水電解液中之含量(質量%)。
[非水電解液二次電池之製作及評價]
於實施例及比較例中,非水電解液二次電池(鋰二次電池)係根據以下製作順序而製作。
<製作順序>
[陰極A之製作]
於將作為活性物質之LiMn2O4 90質量份、作為導電材之乙炔黑5質量份、及作為黏合劑之聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)5質量份進行混合後,使其分散於N-甲基-2-吡咯啶酮(NMP)140質量份中而製成漿料狀。將該漿料塗佈於鋁製之集電體,並於乾燥後進行壓製成型。其後,將該陰極裁切為特定之大小而製作圓盤狀陰極A。
[陰極B之製作]
於將作為活性物質之LiNi1/3CO1/3Mn1/3O2 90質量份、作為導電材之乙炔黑5質量份、及作為黏合劑之聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)5質量份進行混合後,使其分散於N-甲基-2-吡咯啶酮(NMP)140質量份中而製成漿料狀。將該漿料塗佈於鋁製之集電體,並於乾燥後進行壓製成型。其後,將該陰極裁切為特定之大小而製作圓盤狀陰極B。
[陽極之製作]
將作為活性物質之人造石墨97.0質量份、作為黏合劑之苯乙烯丁二烯橡膠1.5質量份、及作為增黏劑之羧甲基纖維素1.5質量份進行混合,並使其分散於水120質量份中而製成漿料狀。將該漿料塗佈於銅製之陽極集電體,並於乾燥後進行壓製成型。其後,將該陽極裁切為特定之大小而製作圓盤狀陽極。
[電池之組裝]
將所獲得之圓盤狀陰極與圓盤狀陽極隔著厚度25μm之聚乙烯製之微多孔膜保持於箱內。其後,將上述所製備之各非水電解液注入至箱內,對箱進行密閉、密封,製作實施例及比較例之非水電解液二次電池(20mm、厚度3.2mm之硬幣型)。
利用下述試驗法對實施例及比較例之鋰二次電池進行評價。將該等
之試驗結果示於下述[表2]。
<放電電容比試驗法(初始特性)>
將鋰二次電池放入20℃之恆溫槽內,並進行5次以充電電流0.3mA/cm2(相當於0.2C之電流值)進行定電流定電壓充電直至4.3V、以放電電流0.3mA/cm2(相當於0.2C之電流值)進行定電流放電直至3.0V之操作。其後,以充電電流0.3mA/cm2進行定電流定電壓充電直至4.3V,以放電電流0.3mA/cm2進行定電流放電直至3.0V。將該第6次所測定之放電電容設為電池之初始放電電容,如下述式所示,將比較例1(未添加電解液添加劑)之初始放電電容作為100算出放電電容比(%),將該放電電容比設為初始特性。
放電電容比(%)=[(初始放電電容)/(比較例1中之初始放電電容)]×100
<初始內部電阻之測定方法>
關於放電電容比試驗後之鋰二次電池,首先,以充電電流1.5mA/cm2(相當於1C之電流值)以成為SOC60%之方式進行定電流充電,使用交流阻抗測定裝置(IVIUM TECHNOLOGIES製造,商品名:移動型恆電位器CompactStat),以頻率100kHz~0.02Hz進行掃描,製作縱軸表示虛部、橫軸表示實部之Cole-Cole圖。繼而,於該Cole-Cole圖中,以圓擬合圓弧部分,將與該圓之實數部分交叉之兩點中較大者之值設為電池之初始內部電阻。
<放電電容比試驗法(循環特性)>
將初始特性試驗後之鋰二次電池放入60℃之恆溫槽內,反覆進行100次以充電電流1.5mA/cm2(相當於1C之電流值,1C係將電池電容於1小時
內放電之電流值)進行定電流充電直至4.3V、以放電電流1.5mA/cm2進行定電流放電直至3.0V之循環。將該第100次之放電電容設為循環試驗後之放電電容,如下述式所示,求出放電電容比(%)作為將比較例1之循環試驗後之放電電容設為100之情形時之循環試驗後之放電電容之比率。再者,將該循環試驗後之放電電容比設為循環特性。
放電電容比(%)=[(循環試驗後之放電電容)/(比較例1中之循環特性試驗後之放電電容)]×100
<內部電阻增加率之測定方法>
於循環試驗後,使環境溫度返回至20℃,與上述內部電阻比之測定方法同樣地測定20℃下之內部電阻,將此時之內部電阻設為循環試驗後之內部電阻。使用初始內部電阻與循環試驗後之內部電阻之值,並根據下述式求出內部電阻增加率(%)。
內部電阻增加率(%)=[(循環試驗後之內部電阻-初始內部電阻)/(初始內部電阻)]×100
比較化合物1:間苯二甲酸雙三甲基矽烷基酯
根據上述結果,若對使用上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之實施例1~8之非水電解液二次電池與未使用該化合物之比較例1~4之非水電解液二次電池進行對比,則兩者於常溫(25℃)下使用之情形時之初始之放電電容比表示同等之結果。
然而,關於在高溫(60℃)下反覆進行充放電之情形時之放電電容比,使用上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之實施例1~8之非水電解液二次電池較未使用該化合物之比較例1~4之非水電解液二次電池優異。因此該化合物作為非水電解液之添加劑有用。
根據本發明,於使用鋰鹽溶解於有機溶劑中而成之非水電解液之非水電解液二次電池中,不僅於使用鈷或鎳等稀有金屬之鹽作為陰極活性物質之情形時,亦於使用含有錳之含鋰過渡金屬氧化物之鹽作為陰極活性物質之情形時,即便經過高溫下之保存或高溫下之充放電,亦可維持較小之內部電阻與較高之電容。
Claims (6)
- 如請求項1之非水電解液,其中上述通式(1)中之R1所表示之具有氧原子或者硫原子之至少一個之碳原子數1~20之基係-O-Z2-O-、-S-Z2'-S-、具有取代基或者未經取代之呋喃環、具有取代基或者未經取代之噻吩環或至少包含一個呋喃環或者噻吩環之2~4環之縮合雜環,該縮合雜環具有 取代基或者未經取代,Z2表示具有取代基或未經取代之碳原子數1~5之2價脂肪族烴基,Z2'表示直接鍵或具有取代基或未經取代之碳原子數1~5之2價脂肪族烴基。
- 如請求項1之非水電解液,其中上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之含量為0.001~10質量%。
- 一種非水電解液二次電池,其包含如請求項1至3中任一項之非水電解液。
- 一種非水電解液二次電池,其具有可將鋰遷出/嵌入之陽極、具有含有錳之鋰過渡金屬複合氧化物之陰極及如請求項1至3中任一項之非水電解液。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015183903 | 2015-09-17 | ||
JP??2015-183903 | 2015-09-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201719960A TW201719960A (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
TWI712198B true TWI712198B (zh) | 2020-12-01 |
Family
ID=58288879
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW105130003A TWI712198B (zh) | 2015-09-17 | 2016-09-14 | 非水電解液及非水電解液二次電池 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10734684B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3352281B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6738815B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102613337B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN108140887B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI712198B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2017047626A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP7216073B2 (ja) | 2018-03-13 | 2023-01-31 | 株式会社Adeka | 非水電解質二次電池 |
WO2019208153A1 (ja) | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-31 | 株式会社Adeka | 非水電解質二次電池 |
KR102613190B1 (ko) * | 2018-05-29 | 2023-12-14 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 리튬 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
KR20210031423A (ko) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-03-19 | 가부시키가이샤 아데카 | 비수전해질 이차전지 |
CN109575067A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-05 | 杉杉新材料(衢州)有限公司 | 一种含硅有机化合物及其应用 |
KR102264048B1 (ko) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-06-14 | 동화일렉트로라이트 주식회사 | 이차전지용 전해액 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
CN113782818A (zh) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-10 | 湖南法恩莱特新能源科技有限公司 | 一种抗低温电解液及其制备方法与应用 |
KR20230127681A (ko) | 2022-02-25 | 2023-09-01 | 가부시키가이샤 아데카 | 비수 전해질용 첨가제, 그것을 포함하는 비수 전해질 이차 전지용 비수 전해질 및 비수 전해질 이차 전지 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102498605A (zh) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-06-13 | 宇部兴产株式会社 | 非水电解液以及使用了该非水电解液的电化学元件 |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2597091B2 (ja) | 1986-10-16 | 1997-04-02 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | リチウム二次電池 |
JP2962782B2 (ja) | 1990-07-26 | 1999-10-12 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水系電解液電池 |
JP3066126B2 (ja) | 1991-09-10 | 2000-07-17 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水系電解液電池 |
GB9211677D0 (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1992-07-15 | Nycomed Bioreg As | Peptide compounds |
FR2719161B1 (fr) | 1994-04-22 | 1996-08-02 | Accumulateurs Fixes | Générateur électrochimique rechargeable au lithium à anode de carbone. |
JP3669064B2 (ja) | 1996-08-01 | 2005-07-06 | ソニー株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
US6241596B1 (en) | 2000-01-14 | 2001-06-05 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method and apparatus for chemical mechanical polishing using a patterned pad |
JP2001266939A (ja) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-09-28 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | リチウムイオン二次電池用非水電解液 |
JP4033074B2 (ja) | 2002-08-29 | 2008-01-16 | 日本電気株式会社 | 二次電池用電解液およびそれを用いた二次電池 |
KR20040043300A (ko) | 2002-11-18 | 2004-05-24 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 위상 에러의 검출 오차를 감소시키는 광 디스크재생장치의 루프 게인 조정 방법 및 장치 |
JP4940570B2 (ja) | 2005-04-08 | 2012-05-30 | ソニー株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用電解液およびリチウム二次電池 |
KR100803190B1 (ko) * | 2005-06-14 | 2008-02-14 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 전지 |
JP2007042439A (ja) * | 2005-08-03 | 2007-02-15 | Sony Corp | 電解質および電池 |
EP2032564A2 (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2009-03-11 | SmithKline Beecham Corporation | Substituted benzimidazole thiophene benzyl ether compounds |
US20120077076A1 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2012-03-29 | Uchicago Argonne, Llc | Heteroaromatic-based electrolytes for lithium and lithium-ion batteries |
US20130330607A1 (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2013-12-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Electrolytic solution and lithium-ion secondary battery |
JP5955629B2 (ja) | 2011-11-01 | 2016-07-20 | 株式会社Adeka | 非水電解液二次電池 |
JP6491447B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-04 | 2019-03-27 | 旭化成株式会社 | 電解液及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
HUE055266T2 (hu) | 2013-10-04 | 2021-11-29 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Elektrolit és lítium-ion szekunder akkumulátor |
-
2016
- 2016-09-14 EP EP16846497.2A patent/EP3352281B1/en active Active
- 2016-09-14 TW TW105130003A patent/TWI712198B/zh active
- 2016-09-14 CN CN201680046149.0A patent/CN108140887B/zh active Active
- 2016-09-14 WO PCT/JP2016/077076 patent/WO2017047626A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-09-14 US US15/749,513 patent/US10734684B2/en active Active
- 2016-09-14 KR KR1020187003780A patent/KR102613337B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-09-14 JP JP2017539933A patent/JP6738815B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102498605A (zh) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-06-13 | 宇部兴产株式会社 | 非水电解液以及使用了该非水电解液的电化学元件 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3352281A1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
JPWO2017047626A1 (ja) | 2018-07-05 |
US10734684B2 (en) | 2020-08-04 |
EP3352281B1 (en) | 2021-08-11 |
WO2017047626A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
KR20180054565A (ko) | 2018-05-24 |
JP6738815B2 (ja) | 2020-08-12 |
CN108140887A (zh) | 2018-06-08 |
CN108140887B (zh) | 2021-03-12 |
KR102613337B1 (ko) | 2023-12-14 |
EP3352281A4 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
US20180226683A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
TW201719960A (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI712198B (zh) | 非水電解液及非水電解液二次電池 | |
KR101947516B1 (ko) | 비수성 전해액 이차전지 | |
TWI674693B (zh) | 非水電解液及非水電解液二次電池 | |
TWI660537B (zh) | 非水電解液及非水電解液二次電池 | |
TWI590510B (zh) | 電池用非水電解液、化合物、高分子電解質、及鋰二次電池 | |
WO2016013480A1 (ja) | 非水電解液二次電池、非水電解液及び化合物 | |
JP2015065155A (ja) | リチウム電池電解質用添加剤、それを含む有機電解液及び該電解液を採用したリチウム電池 | |
JP2013145702A (ja) | 非水電解液二次電池及び二次電池用非水電解液 | |
JP6647211B2 (ja) | 非水電解液二次電池 | |
JP5897869B2 (ja) | 新規フルオロシラン化合物 | |
JPWO2011034162A1 (ja) | リチウム二次電池の非水電解液用溶媒 | |
JP6760843B2 (ja) | 非水電解液及び非水電解液二次電池 |