TWI670730B - 接合材及使用其之接合方法 - Google Patents
接合材及使用其之接合方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI670730B TWI670730B TW104117985A TW104117985A TWI670730B TW I670730 B TWI670730 B TW I670730B TW 104117985 A TW104117985 A TW 104117985A TW 104117985 A TW104117985 A TW 104117985A TW I670730 B TWI670730 B TW I670730B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- bonding material
- bonding
- observed
- mass
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 102
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XYHGSPUTABMVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutane-1,2,4-triol Chemical compound OCC(O)(C)CCO XYHGSPUTABMVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000239659 Eucalyptus pulverulenta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- MCORDGVZLPBVJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)acetic acid Chemical group CCCCOCCOCC(O)=O MCORDGVZLPBVJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QFZITDCVRJQLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutane-1,2,3-triol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(O)CO QFZITDCVRJQLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 33
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 24
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 methyl triols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- CLLLODNOQBVIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound COCCOCC(O)=O CLLLODNOQBVIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 2
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAXKTBLXMTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-butanetriol Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)CO YAXKTBLXMTYWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-Hexanetriol Chemical compound OCCCCC(O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPFCZYUVICHKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CCO XPFCZYUVICHKDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Caprylic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQISRDCJNBUVMM-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidinol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](N)CC1=CNC=N1 ZQISRDCJNBUVMM-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GONOPSZTUGRENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trichloro)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)CC1=CC=CC=C1 GONOPSZTUGRENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexanoic acid Natural products CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3006—Ag as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/056—Submicron particles having a size above 100 nm up to 300 nm
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- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3612—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/52—Mounting semiconductor bodies in containers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/28—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L24/29—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual layer connector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
- H01L24/83—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
- B22F1/145—Chemical treatment, e.g. passivation or decarburisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
- B22F2007/042—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
- B22F2007/047—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method non-pressurised baking of the paste or slurry containing metal powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/28—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/29—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual layer connector
- H01L2224/29001—Core members of the layer connector
- H01L2224/29099—Material
- H01L2224/29198—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a combination of two or more materials in the form of a matrix with a filler, i.e. being a hybrid material, e.g. segmented structures, foams
- H01L2224/29199—Material of the matrix
- H01L2224/29294—Material of the matrix with a principal constituent of the material being a liquid not provided for in groups H01L2224/292 - H01L2224/29291
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Abstract
本發明提供一種接合材,其為銀微粒子與溶劑混合而成之銀膠所構成者,該銀微粒子經山梨酸等碳數8以下之有機化合物被覆且平均一次粒徑為1~200nm,該接合材使用辛二醇等二元醇作為溶劑,且混合有如2-甲基丁烷-2,3,4-三醇或2-甲基丁烷-1,2,4-三醇之類的三元醇作為添加劑,前述添加劑之沸點為200~300℃且黏度在20℃下為2,000~10,000mPa.s並具有1個以上甲基。
Description
本發明係有關於一種接合材及使用其之接合方法,特別是有關於含有銀微粒子之銀膠所構成之接合材及使用該接合材於銅基板等金屬基板上接合矽晶片等電子零件之方法。
近年來,含銀微粒子之銀膠被使用作為接合材,已有提出令接合材介於被接合物間,對被接合物間施加壓力並加熱特定時間,使接合材中的銀燒結,將被接合物彼此接合(例如,參照日本專利特開2011-80147號公報)。
如此使用接合材於銅基板等金屬基板上固定矽晶片等電子零件時,將銀微粒子已分散於溶媒之銀膠塗佈於基板上之後,藉由加熱以除去溶媒,於基板上形成預備乾燥膜,將電子零件配置於該預備乾燥膜上後,對電子零件施加壓力並加熱,藉此能隔著銀接合層將電子零件接合至基板。
然而,日本專利特開2011-80147號公報之接合方
法當中,起因於銀膠之分散不良或印刷不良等,導致預備乾燥膜表面之平坦度不一定良好,因此為了將電子零件良好地接合至基板,有必要將施加於電子零件之壓力提高,且將預備乾燥膜之表面變得平坦。因此,譬如近年來之矽晶片,欲將既大且薄的電子零件接合於基板時,因為接合時之負重提高,會有電子零件之表面彎曲、破損之虞。
為了解決該問題,已提出在含銀微粒子之銀膠中添加具有2-丁氧基乙氧基醋酸或2-甲氧基乙氧基醋酸等具備醚鍵結之構造的黏度調整劑,形成平坦塗膜之方法(例如,參照國際公開WO2012/169076號公報)。
然而,國際公開WO2012/169076號公報之方法中,在含銀微粒子之銀膠添加2-丁氧基乙氧基醋酸或2-甲氧基乙氧基醋酸等黏度調整劑作為分散劑,以形成平坦塗膜,然而以該銀膠將電子零件接合於銅基板時,分散劑會與銅基板之表面反應,銅基板之表面會產生如斑點突起狀之凝集物,預備乾燥膜會產生裂痕,該裂痕部份會形成空隙(void)而容易造成接合力低落。特別是,因為應力鬆弛所以預備乾燥膜是以加厚為理想,但若加厚預備乾燥膜,溶媒會在預備乾燥膜形成時一齊揮發,導致預備乾燥膜收縮,預備乾燥膜容易產生裂痕。
因此,本發明有鑑於上述習知問題,便以提供一種即使加厚預備乾燥膜亦能防止預備乾燥膜產生裂痕而造
成接合力低下之接合材、以及使用該接合材之接合方法為目的。
本發明人等為解決上述課題而進行深入研究之結果,發現能提供一種銀微粒子與溶劑混合而成之銀膠所構成的接合材,該接合材中使用二元醇作為溶劑,並添加具有1個以上甲基之三元醇作為添加劑,因此即使加厚預備乾燥膜,亦能防止預備乾燥膜產生裂痕而造成接合力低下,同時並提供一種使用該接合材之接合方法,從而完成本發明。
即,本發明之接合材為銀微粒子與溶劑混合而成之銀膠所構成者,其特徵在於溶劑為二元醇,並混合了具有1個以上甲基之三元醇作為添加劑。
該接合材中,添加劑之沸點以200~300℃為佳,添加劑之黏度宜在20℃下為2,000~10,000mPa.s。又,添加劑以2-甲基丁烷-2,3,4-三醇或2-甲基丁烷-1,2,4-三醇為佳,溶劑以辛二醇為佳。又,添加劑之量宜相對於銀膠為0.1~10質量%,溶劑之量宜相對於銀膠為5~25質量%。又,亦可於銀膠混合分散劑。此時,分散劑以2-丁氧基乙氧基醋酸為佳,分散劑之量宜相對於銀膠為1.0質量%以下。又,銀微粒子以平均一次粒徑1~200nm之銀微粒子為佳,且銀微粒子宜經碳數8以下的有機化合物被覆。此時,有機化合物以山梨酸為佳。
又,本發明之接合方法之特徵在於藉由使上述接合材中介於被接合物間並加熱,使接合材中的銀燒結而形
成銀接合層,藉由該銀接合層將被接合物彼此接合。
又,本說明書中,所謂「銀微粒子之平均一次粒徑」是指銀微粒子透過掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)或穿透式電子顯微鏡照片(TEM影像)所得的一次粒徑之平均值。
依據本發明,能提供一種即使加厚預備乾燥膜亦能防止預備乾燥膜產生裂痕而使接合力低落之接合材,以及使用其之接合方法。
本發明中接合材實施之型態為銀微粒子與溶劑混合而成之銀膠所構成者,溶劑為二元醇,並混合了具有1個以上甲基之三元醇作為添加劑。藉由混合與溶劑相似構造之添加劑,即使不添加分散劑,亦能防止分散性受損。
溶劑之沸點較佳為200~300℃,更佳為210~290。作為如此溶劑,以使用如2-乙基-1,3-己二醇(沸點244.2℃、20℃之黏度271mPa.s)之辛二醇(ODO)或3-甲基-1,3丁二醇(沸點203℃、20℃之黏度250mPa.s)等為佳。溶劑之量宜相對於銀膠為5~25質量%,以5~20質量%為更佳。
添加劑之沸點較佳為200~300℃,更佳為210~290℃,最佳為220~285℃。添加劑之沸點若過低,變成在溶劑揮發同時會全部揮發掉之溫度時,在預備乾燥膜加厚之情況下,會變成不能防止預備乾燥膜產生裂痕。又,添加劑
之(20℃下的)黏度以2,000~10,000mPa.s為佳,較佳為4,000~10,000mPa.s,最佳為5,000~10,000mPa.s。若添加劑之黏度高到某個程度,在預備乾燥膜形成時會有緩和預備乾燥膜之收縮的效果。作為如此添加劑,較佳為使用2-甲基丁烷-2,3,4-三醇(IPTL-A)(沸點255.5℃、(20℃之)黏度9,155mPa.s)或2-甲基丁烷-1,2,4-三醇(IPTL-B)(沸點278~282℃、(20℃之)黏度5,500mPa.s)等。又,添加劑之量宜相對於銀膠為0.1~10質量%,較佳為0.2~7質量%,最佳為0.5~5質量%。
又,亦可將分散劑混合於銀膠。此時,分散劑以2-丁氧基乙氧基醋酸為佳,分散劑之量宜相對於銀膠為1.5質量%以下,較佳為0.2~1.0質量%。
銀微粒子以平均一次粒徑1~200nm之銀微粒子為佳,較佳為1~100nm。銀微粒子之量宜相對於銀膠為70~95質量%,且75~93質量%更佳。又,銀微粒子宜經己酸或山梨酸等碳數8以下的有機化合物被覆,經山梨酸被覆則更佳。
接合材之黏度以使用流變計在25℃下5rpm(1.57s-1)測定時為100Pa.s以下為佳。
本發明之接合方法中,藉由使上述接合材中介於被接合物間並加熱,使接合材中的銀燒結而形成銀接合層,藉由該銀接合層將被接合物彼此接合。例如,將上述接合材塗佈於銅基板上,將電子零件配置於該接合材上後,對該電子零件施加壓力並加熱,藉此能使銀膠中的銀
燒結而形成銀接合層,隔著該銀接合層將電子零件接合至銅基板。
又,關於銀微粒子之平均一次粒徑,能藉由掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)(日立高新技術股份有限公司製的S-4700)或穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)(日本電子股份有限公司製的JEM-1011)用特定倍率(例如,粒徑為20nm以下時使用TEM為180,000倍;比20nm大且在30nm以下時使用SEM為80,000倍;比30nm大且在100nm以下時使用SEM為50,000倍;比100nm大且在300nm時使用SEM為30,000倍)進行觀察之像(SEM像或TEM像)上任選100個以上之銀微粒子的一次粒徑所算出。該銀微粒子的平均一次粒徑之計算可用例如影像解析軟體(旭化成工程股份有限公司製之A像君(註冊商標))進行。
以下,針對本發明之接合材及使用其之接合方法的實施例進行詳細說明。
將純水72.1g加入500mL燒杯,添加硝酸銀(東洋化學股份有限公司製)13.4g使其溶解,調製成硝酸銀水溶液作為原料液。
又,將純水1.4L加入5L燒杯,將氮氣通氣至該純水內30分鐘以除去溶氧,並升溫至40℃。於該純水加入(被覆銀微粒子用之)作為有機化合物之山梨酸(和光純藥工業股份有限公司製)17.9g後,添加作為安定劑之28%氨水(和光純藥工業股份有限公司製)2.8g。
將該添加氨水後的水溶液攪拌,並在氨水添加之時間點(反應開始時)過5分鐘後,添加作為還原劑之純度80%水合聯胺(大塚化學股份有限公司製)6.0g,調製出含還原劑之水溶液作為還原液。從反應開始起經過10分鐘後,將已調整液溫至40℃之原料液(硝酸銀水溶液)一口氣加入還原液(含還原劑之水溶液)並使其反應,再繼續攪拌80分鐘,其後,以升溫速度1℃/分將液溫從40℃升溫至60℃並結束攪拌。
依此使被山梨酸被覆之銀微粒子(銀奈米粒子)之凝集體形成後,將包含該銀微粒子凝集體之液體以No.5C濾紙過濾,該過濾之回收物以純水洗淨,獲得銀微粒子之凝集體。將該銀微粒子之凝集體在真空乾燥機中於80℃乾燥12小時,獲得銀微粒子之凝集體的乾燥粉末。將如此獲得之銀微粒子凝集體之乾燥粉末粉碎,調整2次凝集體之大小。又,該銀微粒子之平均一次粒徑以掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)求出為100nm。
接著混合下述物品:依此調整了2次凝集體大小之(以山梨酸被覆的)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末90.5g(90.5質量%)、作為溶劑之辛二醇(ODO)(協和發酵化學股份有限公司製之2-乙基-1,3-己二醇,沸點244.2℃,20℃下之黏度271mPa.s)8.05g(8.05質量%)、作為分散劑之2-丁氧基乙氧基醋酸(BEA)(東京化成工業股份有限公司製)0.95g(0.95質量%)、以及作為添加劑之2-甲基丁烷-2,3,4-三醇(IPTL-A)(日本萜烯化學股份有限公司製,沸點255.5℃、(20
℃之)黏度9,155mPa.s)0.5g(0.5質量%)。將該混合物用(以乙醇為主劑之)混合溶劑(日本酒類販售股份有限公司製之SOLMIX AP-7)稀釋並攪拌,以濕式噴磨裝置(瑞顧斯股份有限公司製之RM-L1000)粉碎後,令混合溶劑(稀釋溶劑)揮發以濃縮,其後,以作為溶劑之辛二醇(ODO)稀釋並調整黏度,獲得Ag濃度89.2質量%之接合材(銀膠)。又,Ag濃度是以熱減量法測定。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依下述使用粒度測定儀(BYK社之50μm不鏽鋼)來評價。首先,將粒度測定儀用(以乙醇為主劑之)混合溶劑(日本酒類販售股份有限公司製之SOLMIX AP-7)清潔並充分乾燥後,於粒度測定儀之溝槽較深之一側(50μm側)放置5~10g左右的銀膠,將刮刀用兩手大拇指與其他手指挾住,以刮刀長邊與粒度測定儀之寬度方向平行且粒度測定儀之溝較深之前端與刀刃接觸之方式放置刮刀,將刮刀與粒度測定儀之表面垂直之方式固持,並以相對於溝之長邊呈直角且均等之速度花費1~2秒將粒度測定儀刮拉直至溝深為0,在3秒之內以能容易看見銀膠狀態之方式用光照明,對於銀膠上有顯著的線開始出現的部份,由相對於溝之長邊為直角方向且相對於粒度測定儀表面為20~30°角度之方向觀察,獲得第1條沿著溝出現的線(1st刮痕,最大粒度Dmax)與第4條出現的線(4th刮痕)之粒度。又,無視在顯著的線開始出現之前的稀疏地出現的線,且粒度測定儀在左右各有一條,故將該2條所示之值的平均值作為測定結果。其結果,1st刮痕為
10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。
又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度使用流變計(黏彈性測定裝置)(Thermo社製之HAAKE Rheostress 600,使用錐板:C35/2°)求出,在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為35(Pa.s),而相對於在25℃下測定5rpm之黏度,1rpm(3.1s-1)黏度之比(1rpm之黏度/5rpm之黏度)(Ti值)為3.3。
接著,在30mm×30mm×1mm之銅基板(C1020)上配置厚度150μm之金屬罩,以金屬刮漿板之印刷將上述接合材(銀膠)依形成11mm×11mm大小且厚度(印刷膜厚)150μm之方式塗佈於銅基板上。
其後,將塗佈有接合材之銅基板設置於加熱板(亞速旺股份有限公司製)上,在大氣氣體環境中於110℃下加熱10分鐘並預備乾燥,藉此將接合材中的氣泡或氣體成份去除以形成預備乾燥膜。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,從使用雷射顯微鏡(股份有限公司基恩斯製之VK-9710)之測定結果來看,根據JIS B0601求出作為顯示表面粗度圖表之算術平均粗度Ra為1.1μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜以數位顯微鏡(股份有限公司基恩斯製之VHX-900)觀察,在預備乾燥膜沒有觀察到裂痕。
接著,將形成有預備乾燥膜之銅基板冷卻至25℃後,在預備乾燥膜上配置施有厚度0.3mm鍍銀之(10mm×10mm大小的)Si晶片,設置倒裝晶片接合器(HiSOL社製),於氮氣氣體環境中施加5MPa荷重,並於5秒內升溫至250℃,到達250℃後保持5分鐘以進行最終燒成,將銀膠中的
銀燒結以形成銀接合層,獲得藉由該銀接合層將Si晶片接合於銅基板之接合體。
對於如此獲得之接合體以超音波顯微鏡(C-SAM SONOSCAN社製)進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察時,沒有觀察到空隙。又,為評價接合體之接合力,將接合體之銅基板兩端以套筒板鉗挾住,將30mm×30mm大小的中央附近彎曲約90°後,再回復成原本的狀態,此時銅基板上的Si晶片之剝離未滿20%,接合力為良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時印刷膜厚50μm、70μm及100μm當中沒有從預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,然而印刷膜厚200μm有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將該銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末之添加量設為91.5g(91.5質量%)、溶劑之添加量設為7.05g(7.05質量%)以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度90.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為72(Pa.
s),Ti值為3.3。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra為1.2μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片之剝離未滿20%,接合力為良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時印刷膜厚50μm、70μm及100μm當中沒有從預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,然而印刷膜厚200μm有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將溶劑之添加量設為8.5g(8.5質量%)、分散劑之添加量設為0.5g(0.5質量%)以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度89.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施
例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為36(Pa.s),Ti值為3.3。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra為1.5μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片完整殘留,接合力為非常良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時印刷膜厚50μm、70μm及100μm當中沒有從預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,然而印刷膜厚200μm有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將該銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末之添加量設為91.5g(91.5質量%)、溶劑之添加量設為7.5g(7.5質量%)、分散劑之添加量設為0.5g(0.5質量%)以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度90.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據
與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為71(Pa.s),Ti值為3.5。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra為1.5μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片完整殘留,接合力為非常良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時印刷膜厚50μm、70μm及100μm當中沒有從預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,然而印刷膜厚200μm有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將該銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末之添加量設為86.0g(86.0質量%)、溶劑之添加量設為13.25g(13.25質量%)、分散劑之添加量設為0.25g(0.25質量%)以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度87.0
質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1~5μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為21(Pa.s),Ti值為2.9。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra為1.7μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片完整殘留,接合力為非常良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時印刷膜厚50μm、70μm及100μm當中沒有從預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,然而印刷膜厚200μm有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,於實施例6中,將溶劑之添加量設為12.25g(12.25質量%)、添加劑之添加量設為
1.5g(1.5質量%);實施例7中,將溶劑之添加量設為10.25g(10.25質量%)、添加劑之添加量設為3.5g(3.5質量%);實施例8中,將溶劑之添加量設為8.75g(8.75質量%)、添加劑之添加量設為5.0g(5.0質量%),除此之外使用與實施例5相同之方法而分別獲得Ag濃度86.9質量%(實施例6、8)、86.8質量%(實施例7)之接合材(銀膠)。
將該等接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,皆為1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1~5μm以下。又,此等接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)分別為20(Pa.s)(實施例6)、21(Pa.s)(實施例7、8),Ti值分別為2.9(實施例6、7)、2.8(實施例8)。
使用該等接合材並藉由厚度200μm之金屬罩塗佈厚度200μm之接合材之外,依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra,實施例6為1.7μm、實施例7為1.6μm、實施例8為1.8μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在任何一個預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該等接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,皆沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片皆完整殘留,接合力為非常良好。
又,使用該等實施例6~8獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及150μm之金屬罩,塗佈了
厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及150μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時從任一預備乾燥膜皆沒有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將該銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末之添加量設為86.0g(86.0質量%)、溶劑之添加量設為13.5g(13.5質量%)、且不添加分散劑以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度80.4質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1~5μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為22(Pa.s),Ti值為3.6。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra為1.7μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片完整殘留,接合力為非常良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印
刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時印刷膜厚50μm、70μm及100μm當中沒有從預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,然而印刷膜厚200μm有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,於實施例10中,將溶劑之添加量設為12.5g(12.5質量%)、添加劑之添加量設為1.5g(1.5質量%);實施例11中,將溶劑之添加量設為10.5g(10.5質量%)、添加劑之添加量設為3.5g(3.5質量%);實施例12中,將溶劑之添加量設為9.0g(9.0質量%)、添加劑之添加量設為5.0g(5.0質量%),除此之外使用與實施例9相同之方法而分別獲得Ag濃度80.2質量%(實施例10、11)、80.7質量%(實施例12)之接合材(銀膠)。
將該等接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,皆為1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1~5μm以下。又,此等接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)分別為21(Pa.s)(實施例10、11)、24(Pa.s)(實施例12),Ti值分別為3.6(實施例10)、3.6(實施例11)、3.4(實施例12)。
使用該等接合材並依據與實施例6同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra皆為
1.8μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在任何一個預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該等接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,皆沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片皆完整殘留,接合力皆為非常良好。
又,使用該等實施例10~12獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及150μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及150μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時從任一預備乾燥膜皆沒有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,使用3-甲基-1,3丁二醇(日本萜烯化學股份有限公司製之Terusolve IPG,沸點203℃、20℃之黏度250mPa.s)取代辛二醇(ODO)作為溶劑以外,使用與實施例12相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度78.1質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1~5μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為24(Pa.s),Ti值為3.0。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例6同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗
度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra為1.8μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片完整殘留,接合力為非常良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及150μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及150μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時從任一預備乾燥膜沒有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,使用2-甲基丁烷-1,2,4-三醇(IPTL-B)(日本萜烯化學股份有限公司製,沸點278~282℃、(20℃之)黏度5,500mPa.s)取代2-甲基丁烷-2,3,4-三醇(IPTL-A)作為添加劑以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度88.9質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為24(Pa.s),Ti值為2.9。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成
預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra為1.7μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片完整殘留,接合力為非常良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及200μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時印刷膜厚50μm、70μm及100μm當中沒有從預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,然而印刷膜厚200μm有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,使用2-甲基丁烷-1,2,4-三醇(IPTL-B)(日本萜烯化學股份有限公司製,沸點278~282℃、(20℃之)黏度5,500mPa.s)取代2-甲基丁烷-2,3,4-三醇(IPTL-A)作為添加劑以外,使用與實施例12相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度82.7質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為23(Pa.
s),Ti值為2.8。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例6同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜後,獲得接合體。關於該預備乾燥膜之表面粗度,依據與實施例1同樣之方法求出算術平均粗度Ra為1.7μm。又,對該預備乾燥膜依據與實施例1同樣之方法觀察,沒有在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕。又,對於該接合體依據與實施例1同樣之方法進行銀接合層有無空隙之觀察,沒有觀察到空隙,而評價接合體之接合力時,銅基板上的Si晶片完整殘留,接合力為非常良好。
又,使用本實施例獲得之接合材,藉由厚度分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及150μm之金屬罩,塗佈了厚度(印刷膜厚)分別為50μm、70μm、100μm及150μm之接合材以外,依據與上述相同之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,此時從任一預備乾燥膜皆沒有觀察到裂痕。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將溶劑之添加量設為8.55g(8.55質量%)、且不添加添加劑以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度89.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為36(Pa.s),Ti值為3.3。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,故沒有製作接合體。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將溶劑之添加量設為7.55g(7.55質量%)、且不添加添加劑以外,使用與實施例2相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度90.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為73(Pa.s),Ti值為3.5。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,故沒有製作接合體。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將溶劑之添加量設為9.0g(9.0質量%)、且不添加添加劑以外,使用與實施例3相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度89.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施
例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為37(Pa.s),Ti值為3.3。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,故沒有製作接合體。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將溶劑之添加量設為8.0g(8.0質量%)、且不添加添加劑以外,使用與實施例4相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度90.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為75(Pa.s),Ti值為3.5。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,故沒有製作接合體。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將溶劑之添加量設為9.15g(9.15質量%)、分散劑之添加量設為0.35g(0.35質量%)、且不添加添加劑以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度89.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為20μm,4th刮痕為10μm。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為53(Pa.s),Ti值為3.5。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,故沒有製作接合體。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,將溶劑之添加量設為9.25g(9.25質量%)、分散劑之添加量設為0.25g(0.25質量%)、且不添加添加劑以外,使用與實施例1相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度89.3質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為20μm,4th刮痕為13μm。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為63(Pa.s),Ti值為3.6。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,故沒有製作接合體。
使用與實施例1相同之方法獲得(以山梨酸被覆
之)銀微粒子凝集體的乾燥粉末後,使用1,2,6-己三醇(東京化成工業股份有限公司製,沸點178℃、(20℃之)黏度2,630mPa.s)取代2-甲基丁烷-2,3,4-三醇(IPTL-A)作為添加劑以外,使用與實施例10相同之方法而獲得Ag濃度82.8質量%之接合材(銀膠)。
將該接合材(銀膠)中所含銀微粒子之粒度依據與實施例1相同之方法評價,1st刮痕為10μm以下,4th刮痕為1~5μm以下。又,此接合材(銀膠)之黏度與Ti值依據與實施例1相同之方法求出,黏度在25℃下5rpm(15.7s-1)為23(Pa.s),Ti值為3.3。
使用該接合材並依據與實施例1同樣之方法形成預備乾燥膜並觀察,在預備乾燥膜觀察到裂痕,故沒有製作接合體。
該等實施例及比較例之接合材的製造條件及特性顯示於表1~表4。又,表3當中,在預備乾燥膜沒有觀察到裂痕之情況為「○」,觀察到之情況為「×」;表4當中,銅基板上的Si晶片完整殘留(接合面積為100%),接合力為非常良好之情況為「◎」,銅基板上的Si晶片之剝離未滿20%(接合面積比80%還多),接合力為良好之情況為「○」。
Claims (10)
- 一種接合材,為平均一次粒徑1~200nm之銀微粒子與溶劑混合而成之銀膠所構成者,其特徵在於:溶劑為二元醇,且混合了2-甲基丁烷-2,3,4-三醇或2-甲基丁烷-1,2,4-三醇作為添加劑,銀微粒子之量相對於前述銀膠為70~95質量%,添加劑之量相對於前述銀膠為0.1~10質量%。
- 如請求項1之接合材,其中前述添加劑之沸點為200~300℃。
- 如請求項1之接合材,其中前述添加劑之黏度在20℃下為2,000~10,000mPa.s。
- 如請求項1之接合材,其中前述溶劑為辛二醇。
- 如請求項1之接合材,其中前述銀膠混合有分散劑。
- 如請求項5之接合材,其中前述分散劑為2-丁氧基乙氧基醋酸。
- 如請求項5之接合材,其中前述分散劑之量相對於前述銀膠為1.0質量%以下。
- 如請求項1之接合材,其中前述銀微粒子經碳數8以下的有機化合物被覆。
- 如請求項8之接合材,其中前述有機化合物為山梨酸。
- 一種接合方法,其特徵在於使如請求項1至9項中任一項之接合材中介於被接合物間並加熱,使接合材中的銀燒結而形成銀接合層,藉由該銀接合層將被接合物彼此接合。
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EP3141322B1 (en) | 2020-05-20 |
KR101800155B1 (ko) | 2017-11-21 |
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US20170120395A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
JP5992961B2 (ja) | 2016-09-14 |
TW201606799A (zh) | 2016-02-16 |
CN106457402A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
CN106457402B (zh) | 2020-12-25 |
EP3141322A1 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
WO2015198832A1 (ja) | 2015-12-30 |
KR20170023072A (ko) | 2017-03-02 |
HUE050434T2 (hu) | 2020-12-28 |
US10543569B2 (en) | 2020-01-28 |
MY163832A (en) | 2017-10-31 |
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