TWI617678B - 高錳第三代先進高強度鋼 - Google Patents

高錳第三代先進高強度鋼 Download PDF

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TWI617678B
TWI617678B TW105115892A TW105115892A TWI617678B TW I617678 B TWI617678 B TW I617678B TW 105115892 A TW105115892 A TW 105115892A TW 105115892 A TW105115892 A TW 105115892A TW I617678 B TWI617678 B TW I617678B
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馬丁尼茲 路易斯 岡薩羅 加薩
葛蘭特 艾倫 湯瑪斯
安林德 辛吉 吉爾
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Ａｋ鋼鐵資產公司
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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Abstract

本發明係關於一種高強度鋼，其包含至多約0.25wt% C、至多約2.0wt% Si、至多約2.0wt% Cr、至多14% Mn及少於0.5% Ni。該高強度鋼可進一步包含Mo及Cu中之一或多者。其較佳具有小於50℃之Ms溫度。在熱軋後，該高強度鋼具有至少1000MPa之抗拉強度及至少約25%之總伸長率。在熱軋後，其可具有至少1200MPa之抗拉強度及至少約20%之總伸長率。

Description

高錳第三代先進高強度鋼 優先權
本申請案主張於2015年5月21日提出申請之標題為HIGH MN AUSTENITIC 3RD GENERATION ADVANCED HIGH STRENGTH STEELS之美國臨時申請案序列號第62/164,643號之優先權，其揭示內容以引用方式併入本文中。
第三代先進高強度鋼(AHSS)係呈現高抗拉強度(1000MPa及更高)及高總伸長率(在50.8mm標距中15%或以上)之彼等。該等性質使得鋼形成複雜形狀，同時提供高強度。該等鋼代表了藉由減小部件所需厚度且維持經設計之強度且變得更有效來減小汽車重量之機會。本申請案中之此鋼提供具有1000MPa以上之高抗拉強度及15%以上且最高50%或更高之高總伸長率之期望第三代先進高強度鋼機械性質。
沃斯田鋼通常具有極好極限抗拉強度與高總伸長率之組合。沃斯田微結構具有極好延性且導致高總伸長率。沃斯田微結構在室溫下有時不穩定(或介穩定)，且當該鋼經受塑性變形時，沃斯田體通常轉化為麻田散體(應力/應變誘發之麻田散體)。麻田散體係具有較高強度之微結構，且具有微結構之混合物(例如沃斯田體加麻田散體)之組合效應可增加總體抗拉強度。在塑性變形期間，沃斯田體之穩定性或換言之沃斯田體將轉化為麻田散體之可能性在很大程度上取決於其合金 含量。尤其使用諸如C、Mn、Cr、Si、Cu等元素來穩定沃斯田體。
高強度鋼包含至多約0.25wt% C、至多約2.0wt% Si、至多約2.0wt% Cr、至多14% Mn及少於0.5% Ni。高強度鋼可進一步包含Mo及Cu中之一或多者。其較佳具有小於50℃之Ms溫度。在熱軋後，高強度鋼具有至少1000MPa之抗拉強度及至少約25%之總伸長率。在熱軋後，其可具有至少1200MPa之抗拉強度及至少約20%之總伸長率。
本發明鋼在室溫下實質上包含沃斯田微結構。當在亦導致高伸長率或延性之速率下塑性變形時，沃斯田體將轉化為麻田散體。控制此轉化之主要合金元素係C及Mn、Cr及Si。
C量亦可對鋼之最終抗拉強度有影響，此乃因麻田散體之強度直接取決於碳含量。為將鋼之強度保持在1000MPa以上，碳以至多約0.25wt%之量存在。
Si之一性質係其能夠阻抑碳化物形成，且其亦係固溶體強化劑。矽係肥粒鐵形成元素；然而，發現其可降低Ms溫度，從而在室溫下穩定沃斯田體。Si以至多約2.0wt%之量包括在內。
Cr係另一肥粒鐵形成元素並且藉由降低麻田散體轉化溫度(Ms)來穩定沃斯田體。鉻具有其他鋼處理有益性質，例如在固化期間促進δ肥粒鐵，此有助於鋼之鑄造。對於本發明鋼，Cr之量應為至多約2.0wt%。
錳以至多約14wt%存在，以使得獲得接近室溫之Ms溫度。Ms與合金含量之關係係基於以下經驗方程式：M s =607.8-363.2*[C]-26.7*[Mn]-18.1*[Cr]-38.6*[Si]-962.6*([C]-0.188)2 方程式1
亦組合其他合金元素(例如Al)來評估各種Mn含量。可將認為幫助穩定沃斯田體之其他元素(例如Mo、Cu及Ni)添加至該等合金中。若添加Ni，則以少於0.5wt%之量添加。在一些合金中添加Al，此乃因其已知幫助促進δ-肥粒鐵固化，此有助於鑄造且亦增加Ae1及Ae3轉化溫度。
實例1
本發明合金係如以下處理。使用典型方法熔化且鑄造合金。鋼合金組成呈現於表1中。在熱軋後將鋼錠再加熱至1250℃之溫度。將鋼錠以8個道次熱軋至約3.3mm之厚度，且終溫為900℃。將熱帶立即置於在650℃下之爐中且使其在24小時內冷卻至室溫以模仿捲取溫度及熱帶盤管冷卻。
橫向測試熱帶之機械抗拉性質；該等性質係呈現於表2中。一些該等熱帶(例如合金54、56及59)顯示第三代AHSS抗拉性質，其展現1000MPa以上之抗拉強度及約25%之總伸長率。
表2 熱帶之機械抗拉性質.
冷卻之後，對熱帶實施噴砂且酸洗以移除鱗狀物(scale)。然後藉由將將熱帶條帶浸入具有受控氣氛之管式爐中熱處理至900℃之沃斯田體化溫度，但合金58係在1100℃下退火。抗拉樣本係自經退火條帶製造且評估機械抗拉性質。經退火熱帶之抗拉性質係呈現於表3中。具有較高Mn及較接近室溫之Ms溫度之合金(例如合金51、56及59)顯示具有高抗拉強度及高總伸長率值之非凡性質。
然後將含有接近14wt% Mn(合金51、54、56及59)之合金之經酸洗熱帶條帶冷軋約50%至約1.5mm之最終厚度。將經冷軋條帶藉由將其浸入具有受控氣氛之管式爐中在900℃之沃斯田體化溫度下熱處理。自經退火條帶製造抗拉樣本且評估機械抗拉性質，且呈現於表4中。
經熱處理試樣(例如合金51及56)顯示第三代AHSS抗拉性質，其展現1220MPa之UTS及51.8%之總伸長率。

Claims (5)

  1. 一種高強度鋼，其包含大於0wt%且至多約0.25wt% C、大於0wt%且至多約2.0wt% Si、大於0wt%且至多約2.0wt% Cr、大於或等於9.6wt%且少於14wt% Mn及少於0.5wt% Ni。
  2. 如請求項1之高強度鋼，其進一步包含Mo及Cu中之一或多者。
  3. 如請求項1之高強度鋼，其中Ms溫度小於50℃。
  4. 如請求項1之高強度鋼，其中在熱軋後該鋼具有至少1000MPa之抗拉強度及至少約25%之總伸長率。
  5. 如請求項1之高強度鋼，其中在熱軋後該鋼具有至少1200MPa之抗拉強度及至少約20%之總伸長率。
TW105115892A 2015-05-21 2016-05-20 高錳第三代先進高強度鋼 TWI617678B (zh)

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