TWI566834B - 儲存以過渡金屬有機磷配位體為主的催化劑之方法 - Google Patents
儲存以過渡金屬有機磷配位體為主的催化劑之方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI566834B TWI566834B TW101113589A TW101113589A TWI566834B TW I566834 B TWI566834 B TW I566834B TW 101113589 A TW101113589 A TW 101113589A TW 101113589 A TW101113589 A TW 101113589A TW I566834 B TWI566834 B TW I566834B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- catalyst solution
- catalyst
- hydroformylation
- ligand
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 101
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title claims description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 65
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 19
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012062 aqueous buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical group [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 28
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- -1 aliphatic organic compound Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 25
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 20
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 7
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XWJBRBSPAODJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7-octadiene Chemical compound C=CCCCCC=C XWJBRBSPAODJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hexene Natural products CCCC=CC RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CCC(C)=C MHNNAWXXUZQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101150065749 Churc1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FNDXFUBHPXBGMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(O)O.OP(O)(O)=O Chemical compound OP(O)O.OP(O)(O)=O FNDXFUBHPXBGMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100038239 Protein Churchill Human genes 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJNALLRHIVGIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl cyanide Chemical compound C=CCC#N SJNALLRHIVGIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetylene Natural products CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene hexane Natural products CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene-2 Natural products CCC=CC QMMOXUPEWRXHJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005328 phosphinyl group Chemical group [PH2](=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000475 sulfinyl group Chemical group [*:2]S([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGHOOJSIEHYJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OP(O)O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 FGHOOJSIEHYJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTCCTIQRPGSLPT-ONEGZZNKSA-N (E)-2-pentenal Chemical compound CC\C=C\C=O DTCCTIQRPGSLPT-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQHQTCGEZWTSEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QQHQTCGEZWTSEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHABJYRHJWDIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxybutylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)P(O)(O)=O DHABJYRHJWDIDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRBDENXMNZQUIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylbutane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CCO JRBDENXMNZQUIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Chemical group NC1=NC(Cl)=C(C=O)C(Cl)=N1 GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ZQDPJFUHLCOCRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hexene Chemical compound CCC=CCC ZQDPJFUHLCOCRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSDZSLGMRRSAHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutan-2-ylcyclopropane Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)C1CC1 JSDZSLGMRRSAHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQLZINXFSUDMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamidine Chemical compound CC(N)=N OQLZINXFSUDMHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMZIOVJHUJAAEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCC=C RMZIOVJHUJAAEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MFUIJCYDDPRCHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCC)N.C=CCCCC Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCC)N.C=CCCCC MFUIJCYDDPRCHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003109 Karl Fischer titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVDUVLYHLPQSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(O)(O)P Chemical class OP(O)(O)P JVDUVLYHLPQSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMDGSHOQGJITCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[O].C1(=CC=CC=C1)OOC1=C(C=CC=C1)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [O].[O].C1(=CC=CC=C1)OOC1=C(C=CC=C1)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WMDGSHOQGJITCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DTCCTIQRPGSLPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Aethyl-acrolein Natural products CCC=CC=O DTCCTIQRPGSLPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEKXSSZASGLISC-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCC=C IEKXSSZASGLISC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XKLVLDXNZDIDKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylhydrazine Chemical compound CCCCNN XKLVLDXNZDIDKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005708 carbonyloxy group Chemical group [*:2]OC([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FSDSKERRNURGGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3,5-triol Chemical compound OC1CC(O)CC(O)C1 FSDSKERRNURGGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZJIPHXXDPROMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical group OP(O)OP(O)O ZJIPHXXDPROMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphane Chemical compound PP VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002085 enols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOGFCIYBLKSQHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-5-en-3-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)CC=C UOGFCIYBLKSQHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001905 inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFZUABNDWZQLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-chloroacetyl)amino]benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1NC(=O)CCl JFZUABNDWZQLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N nifuroxazide Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)N\N=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- UZGCMRVEDHLBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oct-1-en-4-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)CC=C UZGCMRVEDHLBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002891 organic anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000466 oxiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005740 oxycarbonyl group Chemical group [*:1]OC([*:2])=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LHTVMBMETNGEAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent-1-en-1-ol Chemical compound CCCC=CO LHTVMBMETNGEAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M pent-4-enoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC=C HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005120 petroleum cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl propionaldehyde Natural products CCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWSUVZVPDQDVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylperoxybenzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1OOC1=CC=CC=C1 VWSUVZVPDQDVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- DQQXTQJZUHBMFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,6-ditert-butyl-4-methoxyphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(OC)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(OC)=CC=1C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C(OC)C=C1C(C)(C)C DQQXTQJZUHBMFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0255—Phosphorus containing compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/185—Phosphites ((RO)3P), their isomeric phosphonates (R(RO)2P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/185—Phosphites ((RO)3P), their isomeric phosphonates (R(RO)2P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof
- B01J31/186—Mono- or diamide derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/49—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C45/50—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide by oxo-reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/78—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C45/80—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by liquid-liquid treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07F9/572—Five-membered rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/553—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07F9/572—Five-membered rings
- C07F9/5728—Five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or carbocyclic ring systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/321—Hydroformylation, metalformylation, carbonylation or hydroaminomethylation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/582—Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關於氫甲醯化方法。於一方面,本發明係使用以過渡金屬雙亞磷酸鹽為主的催化劑之氫甲醯化方法,而於另一方面,本發明係有關於此等方法之停止。於另一方面,本發明係有關於此催化劑於此停止期間之儲存及安定化。
市面上之氫甲醯化方法為了諸如保養、檢查之活動或有時於不能獲得足夠供料或產品需求下降時需週期性停止。於此停止期間,催化劑溶液需儲存於此方法設備之一部份或全部內,或於此方法設備外部之一或多個容器內。於此停止期間遭遇之一特別問題係與一或多個雙亞磷酸鹽配位體組合之催化劑,過渡金屬,典型上係銠,需被儲存及安定化以抵抗鈍化。雙亞磷酸鹽配位體昂貴,且若未適當儲存會隨時間而分解。當然,此會導致於某些情況下喪失催化劑活性,甚至造成金屬之某些沉澱。但是,於此等催化劑溶液儲存之前或期間採用之某些手段會降低雙亞磷酸鹽配位體分解。
於本發明之一實施例,催化劑溶液內之酸,特別是醛
及磷酸,之濃度先被降低、中和或移除,然後,催化劑溶液於合成氣氛圍下儲存。酸濃度可藉由任何適合方法降,例如,萃取、鹼添加、沉澱等,且於儲存後,催化劑溶液可於重新開始此方法前再次處理以降低酸濃度。
於本發明之一實施例,催化劑溶液內之酸,特別是醛-膦酸及磷酸,之濃度先被降低、中和或移除,然後,催化劑溶液於惰性氣體,例如,氮、甲烷等,之氛圍下儲存。此方法係特別用於其中適當量之合成氣因任何特別原因而不可獲得之溶液,例如,由於反應器失控而臨時停止。
於本發明之一實施例,催化劑溶液係以用以中和或吸收於儲存前存在於催化劑溶液或於儲存期間於催化劑溶液形成之酸性物種(特別是醛及磷酸)而存在之材料儲存。於一實施例,催化劑溶液係以一水性緩衝隔層儲存。於一實施例,催化劑溶液係以能將酸中和且不會將雙亞磷酸鹽配位體分解之鹼儲存。一旦以存在用以中和或吸收酸性物種之材料儲存,催化劑溶液係以合成氣氛圍覆蓋,或若合成氣不可獲得,則係以惰性氣體氛圍。於催化劑溶液自儲存取出用於氫甲醯化方法時,中和或吸收介質可藉由,例如,相分離、沉澱或蒸餾移除。
對元素週期表之所有指稱係指CRC Press,Inc.,2003出版且擁有版權之元素週期表。再者,對族數之所有指稱需
為使用IUPAC族數編號系統於此元素週期表中反映之族數。除非相反表示,此內容所暗示,或此項技藝慣用,所有份數及百分率係以重量為基準,且所有測試方法係於本揭露內容之申請日時所通用。為了美國專利實務,任何參考之專利案、專利申請案或公開案之內容係以其完整內容併入以為參考資料(或其相等之美國版本被併入以為參考資料),特別是有關於合成技術、定義之揭示內容(至不與於此揭露內容中特別提供之任何定義不一致之程度)及此項技藝之一般知識。
所有百分率、較佳之量或測量、範圍及端點係包括的,即,“最高達10”係包括10。“至少”係等同於“大於或等於”,且“至多”因而係等同於“少於或等於”。非除其它特別指示,數值係大約。從以“至少”、“大於”、“大於或等於”或相似者所描述之參數至以“至多”、“最高達”、“少於”、“少於或等於”或相似者描述之參數之所有範圍係較佳範圍,而無論對每一參數所指示之相對較佳程度。因此,具有一有利較低極限及與一最佳較高極限組合之範圍對於本發明之實施係較佳。“有利”一辭係用以表示多於所需者之較佳程度,但少於以”較佳”一辭表示者。除其它事項外,數值範圍於本揭露內容中還提供用於試劑之相對量及方法之條件。
氫甲醯化方法、其試劑、條件及設備係己知,且除其它參考文獻外,還描述於USP 4,169,861、5,741,945、
6,153,800及7,615,645,EP 0590613 A2及WO 2008/115740 A1。典型上,烯烴不飽和化合物(例如,丙烯)係與合成氣(即,一氧化碳(CO)及氫(H2))與包含過渡金屬(較佳係銠)及有機磷配位體(較佳係有機雙亞磷酸鹽)之三組份催化劑及適合溶劑一起供應,接觸係於呈串聯耦合之一多反應器系統(即,第一反應區域之輸出物係作其後反應區域之輸入物而供應)內於氫甲醯化條件進行。加工技術可相對應於用於傳統氫甲醯化方法之任何已知加工技術。例如,方法可於液態或氣態及以連續、半連續或批式方式進行,且依所欲地包含一液體循環及/或氣體循環操作或此等系統之組合。同樣地,反應成份、催化劑及溶劑之添加方式或順序亦不重要,且可以任何傳統方式完成。
適用之烯烴不飽和化合物係能參與氫甲醯化方法產生相對應醛產物且能經由蒸餾與粗製液體氫甲醯化產物流分離者。為了此揭露內容之目的,“烯烴”至少含有碳及氫原子且具有至少一碳-碳雙鍵(C=C)之脂族有機化合物。較佳地,烯烴含有一或二個碳-碳雙鍵,更佳地,一個碳-碳雙鍵。雙鍵可位於沿著碳鏈之終端位置(α烯烴)或於沿著此鏈於內部位置(內部烯烴)。選擇性地,烯烴可包含碳及氫以外之元素,包括,例如,氮、氧,及鹵素,較佳係氯及溴。烯烴亦可以官能性取代基取代,包括,例如,羥基、烷氧基、烷基及環烷基取代基。較佳地,烯烴包含具有總數為2至10個碳原子之一經取代或未經取代之烯烴。例示之烯烴不受限制地包括下列單烯烴之異構物:丁烯、戊烯、己烯、庚
烯、辛烯、壬烯及癸烯,且特別之非限制性例子包括1-丁烯、2-丁烯、1-戊烯、2-戊烯,及1-己烯、2-己烯、3-己烯,及相似地對於庚烯、辛烯、壬烯,及癸烯。適合烯烴之其它非限制性例子包括乙烯、丙烯、2-甲基丙烯(異丁烯)、2-甲基丁烯、環己烯、丁二烯、異戊二烯、2-乙基-1-己烯、苯乙烯、4-甲基苯乙烯、4-異丙基苯乙烯、4-第三丁基苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、3-苯基-1-丙烯、1,4-己二烯、1,7-辛二烯,與烯醇,例如,戊烯醇;烯醛,例如,戊烯醛;包括烯丙醇、丁酸烯丙酯、己-1-烯-4-醇、辛-1-烯-4-醇、乙酸乙烯酯、乙酸烯丙酯、乙酸3-丁烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、丙酸烯丙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、乙烯基乙基醚、乙烯基甲基醚、烯丙基乙基醚、3-丁烯腈、5-己烯醯胺,及二環戊二烯之物種。烯烴亦可為具相似或不同分子重量或結構之烯烴之混合物(選擇性地具有諸如相對應飽和烷之惰性物)。
較佳地,烯烴流包含含有丁烯-1、丁烯-2、異丁烯、丁烷及選擇性之丁二烯之C4萃餘物I或C4萃餘物II異構物混合物。C4萃餘物I流包含15至50%之異丁烯及40至85%之正丁烯(以重量),主要包含正丁烷及異丁烷之任何剩餘物至100%。正丁烯一般係丁烯-1及丁烯-2(順-及反-型式)之混合物。組份之相對比率係依石油供料之組成、衍生出C4流之蒸氣裂解或催化裂解操作及其後方法步驟中使用之條件而定。以體積,C4萃餘物II流包含15至55%之1-丁烯,5至15%之2-丁烯(5至35%之反-2-丁烯)、0.5至5%之異丁烯,及1至40%之丁烷。更佳地,烯烴流係包含丙烯或丙烯與丙烷之
混合物,及其它惰性物。
氫及一氧化碳對於氫甲醯化方法亦需要。此等氣體可自任何獲得之來源獲得,包括石油裂解及精煉操作。合成氣混合物較佳地被使用。氣體氫對一氧化碳之H2:CO莫耳比率範圍較佳地可為1:10至100:1,更佳之H2:CO莫耳比率係1:10至10:1,且更佳係2:1至1:2。此等氣體一般係以氣相內之其等莫耳分率(藉由氣相色譜術測量)及總壓為基準,使用道爾頓定律(Dalton’s Law)以反應器內之分壓量化。於本揭露內容中使用時,“合成氣分壓”係CO之分壓及H2之分壓的總和。
構成過渡金屬-配位體錯合物催化劑之適合金屬包括選自銠(Rh)、鈷(Co)、銥(Ir)、釕(Ru)、鐵(Fe)、鎳(Ni)、鈀(Pd)、鉑(Pt)、鋨(Os)及二或更多此等金屬之混合物之第VIII族金屬,且較佳金屬係銠、鈷、銥及釕,更佳係銠、鈷及釕,且最佳係銠。其它之允許金屬包括選自鉻(Cr)、鉬(Mo)、鎢(W)及二或更多此等金屬之混合物之第VIB族金屬。第VIB及VIII族金屬之混合物亦可用於本發明。
"錯合物"及相似用辭意指藉由一或多個富電子之分子或原子(即,配位體)與一或多個低電子之分子或原子(例如,過渡金屬)結合而形成之配位化合物。例如,用於實施本發明之有機磷配位體擁有至少一具有一未共用電子對之磷(III)供體原子,其能與金屬形成一配位共價鍵。有機聚亞磷酸鹽配位體擁有二或更多個磷(III)供體原子,每一者係具有一未共用電子對,每一者能獨立地或可能與過渡金屬合作
(例如,經由螯合)形成一配位共價鍵。一氧化碳亦可與過渡金屬存在及錯合。錯合物催化劑之最終組成物亦可含有一另外之配位體,例如,氫,或滿足金屬之配位位置或核電荷之陰離子。例示之另外配位體包括,例如,鹵素(Cl、Br、I)、烷基、芳基、經取代之芳基、醯基、CF3、C2F5、CN、(R)2PO及RP(O)(OH)O(其中,每一R係相同或相異,且係一經取代或未經取代之烴基,例如,烷基或芳基)、乙酸酯、乙醯丙粡化物、SO4、PF4、PF6、NO2、NO3、CH3O、CH2=CHCH2、CH3CH=CHCH2、C2H5CN、CH3CN、NH3、吡啶、(C2H5)3N、單烯烴、二烯烴及三烯烴、四氫呋喃等。
過渡金屬上之可利用配位位置之數量係此項技藝已知,且依選擇之特別過渡金屬而定。催化物種可包含呈其單體、二聚物或更高核性型式之錯合物催化劑混合物,其較佳特徵在於每一金屬分子(例如,銠)係錯合至少一含有機磷之分子。例如,除有機聚亞磷酸鹽配位體或有機單亞磷酸鹽配位體外,用於氫甲醯化反應之較佳催化劑之催化物種可與一氧化碳及氫錯合。
本發明中之“有機磷配位體”包含“可水解之磷配位體”,其係三價磷配位體,其含有至少一P-X*鍵,其中,X*係氧、氮、氯化物、氟化物,或溴化物。例子不受限制地包括有機亞磷酸鹽(有機單亞磷酸鹽或三有機單亞磷酸鹽)、二有機亞磷酸鹽(二有機單亞磷酸鹽)、膦基-亞磷酸鹽、雙亞磷酸鹽、有機聚亞磷酸鹽、亞膦酸鹽、雙亞膦酸鹽、氧化磷、亞磷醯胺、膦基-亞磷醯胺、雙亞磷醯胺、氟
亞磷酸鹽等。配位體可包括螯合物結構且/或可含有數個P-X*部份,諸如,聚亞磷酸鹽、有機聚亞磷酸鹽、聚亞磷醯胺等,及混合之P-X*部份,諸如,亞磷酸鹽-亞磷醯胺、氟亞磷酸鹽-亞磷酸鹽等。會經歷此水解降解之例示的經金屬-有機磷配位體錯合物催化之氫甲醯化方法包括如於,例如,USP 4,148,830;4,593,127;4,769,498;4,717,775;4,774,361;4,885,401;5,264,616;5,288,918;5,360,938;5,364,950;5,491,266及7,196,230所述之方法。同樣地,可能會進行相似水解降解之其它含P-X*之物種包括諸如,於USP 7,009,068、WO 2008/071508、USP 5,710,344、WO 2005/042458、USP 7145042、USP 6,440,891、USP 7,586,010、美國公開專利申請案第2009/0171121及2009/0299099號案與USP 6,265,620所述之有機亞膦酸鹽、亞磷醯胺、氟亞膦酸鹽等。
較佳之有機聚亞磷酸鹽配位體廣泛地包含多數個亞磷酸鹽基團,每一者係含有與三個烴氧基結合之一個三價磷原子。結合及橋接二個亞磷酸鹽基團之烴氧基係更適合地稱為"二價烴二氧基"。此等橋接二基係不限於任何特別之烴基物種。另一方面,自一磷原子懸垂且未橋接二個亞磷酸鹽基團(即,終端,未橋接)之烴氧基每一者需基本上由一芳氧基所組成。"芳氧基"廣泛地係指二種芳氧基之任一者:(1)與一單醚連接接合之一單價芳基,諸如,-O-芳基,其中,芳基基團包括一單芳香族環或稠合在一起、直接接合或間接接合之多數個芳香族環(使得不同之芳香族基團係與諸如一伸
甲基或伸乙基部份之一共同基團接合),或(2)與二醚連接接合之一個二價伸芳基,諸如,-O-伸芳基-O-或-O-伸芳基-伸芳基-O-,其中,伸芳基基團包含一個二價烴基,具有一單芳香族環或稠合在一起、直接接合,或間接接合之多個芳香族環(使得不同芳香族基團係與諸如一伸甲基或伸乙基部份之一共同基團接合)。較佳之芳氧基基團含有一個芳香族環或2至4個稠合或接合之芳香族環,其係具有約5至約20個碳原子,例如,苯氧基、萘氧基,或二苯氧基,與伸芳基二氧基團,諸如,伸苯基二氧、伸萘基二氧,及伸二苯基二氧。任何此等基及基團可為未經取代或經取代。
較佳之有機聚亞磷酸鹽配位體包含二、三或更高數量之亞磷酸鹽基團。若要的話,可使用此等配位體之混合物。非手性有機聚亞磷酸鹽係較佳。代表性之有機聚亞磷酸鹽包含具有化學式(I)者:
其中,X代表含有2至40個碳原子之一經取代或未經取代之n-價有機橋接基,每一R1係相同或相異,且代表含有6至40個碳原子,較佳係6至20個碳原子之一二伸芳基;每一R2係相同或相異,且代表含有6至24個碳原子之一經取代或未經取代之單價芳基;a及b可為相同或相異,且每一者具有0至6之數值,但附帶條件係a+b之總和係2至6,且n等於a+b。當a具
有2或更多之數值,每一R1基可為相同或相異,且當b具有1或更多之數值,每一R2基可為相同或相異。
以X表示之代表性n-價(較佳係二價)烴橋接基包括非環狀基及芳香族基,諸如,伸烷基、伸烷基-Qm-伸烷基、伸環烷基、伸芳基、伸芳基-伸烷基,及伸芳基-(CH2)y-Q-(CH2)y-伸芳基,其中,每一y係相同或相異,且係0或1之值。Q表示選自-C(R3)2-、-O-、-S-、-NR4-、-Si(R5)2-及-CO-之一二價橋接基團,其中,每一R3係相同或相異,且代表氫、具有1至12個碳原子之一芳基基團、苯基、甲苯基,及甲氧苯基,R4表示氫或一經取代或未經取代之單價烴基團,例如,具有1至4個碳原子之一烷基基團;每一R5係相同或相異,且表示氫或一烷基基團,較佳係一C1-10烷基基團,且m係0或1之值。以如上之X表示之更佳非環狀基團係二價伸烷基基團,而以X表示之更佳芳香族基團係二價之伸芳基及雙伸芳基基團,諸如,於,例如,USP 4,769,498;4,774,361;4,885,401;5,179,055;5,113,022;5,202,297;5,235,113;5,264,616;5.364,950;5,874,640;5,892,119;6,090,987;及6,294,700中更完整地揭示。
例示之較佳有機聚亞磷酸鹽包含諸如具有化學式(II)至(IV)者之雙亞磷酸鹽:
更佳種類的有機雙亞磷酸鹽之代表性者係具有化學式(V)至(VII)者。
再者,若要的話,於上述化學式(I)至(VII)之任何指示之有機聚亞磷酸鹽可為一離子性亞磷酸鹽,即,可含有一或多個選自由下列所構成族群之離子性部份:-SO3M,其中,M表示一無機或有機之陽離子,-PO3M,其中,M表示一無機或有機之陽離子,-N(R6)3X1,其中,每一R6係相同或相異,且表示含有1至30個碳原子之一烴基團,例如,烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基,及環烷基基團,且X1表示無機或有機之陰離子,-CO2M,其中,M表示無機或有機之陽離子,例如,於USP 5,059,710;5,113,022;5,114,473及5,449,653所述者。因此,若要的話,此等有機聚亞磷酸鹽配位體可含有1至3個此等離子性部份;但是,當有機聚亞磷酸鹽配位體含有多於一個此離子性部份,較佳地,僅一個此離子性部份於任何指示之芳基部份上經取代。M之適合陽離子物種不受限制地包括氫(即,一質子)、鹼金屬及鹼土金屬,例如,鋰、鈉、鉀、銫、銣、鈣、鋇、鎂及鍶,之陽離子,銨陽離子及四級銨陽離子、鏻陽離子、鉮陽離子及亞胺陽離子。適合陰離子X1包括,例如,硫酸鹽、碳酸鹽、磷酸鹽、氯化物、乙酸鹽、草酸鹽等。
當然,若要的話,如上化學式(I)至(VII)之此等非離子性及離子性之有機聚亞磷酸鹽之R1、R2、X、Q及Ar基團之任一者可以不會不利地影響本發明方法之所欲結果之選擇性含有1至30個碳原子之任何適合取代基取代。當然,除相對應之烴基團(諸如,烷基、芳基、芳烷基、烷芳基及環己基取
代基)外,可於基團上之取代基可包括,例如,矽烷基基團,諸如,-Si(R7)3;胺基基團,諸如,-N(R7)2;膦基團,諸如,-芳基-P(R7)2;醯基基團,諸如,-C(O)R7;醯氧基基團,諸如,-OC(O)R7;醯胺基基團,諸如,-CON(R7)2及-N(R7)COR7;磺醯基基團,諸如,-SO2R7,烷氧基基團,諸如,-OR7;亞磺醯基基團,諸如,-SOR7;亞氧硫基基團,諸如,-SR7;膦醯基基團,諸如,-P(O)(R7)2;與鹵素、硝基、氰基、三氟甲基、羥基基團等,其中,較佳地,每一R7基團獨立地表示相同或相異之具有1至約18個碳原子之單價烴基團(例如,烷基、芳基、芳烷基、烷芳基,及環己基基團),但附帶條件係於諸如--N(R7)2之胺基取代基,每一R7一起亦可表示與氮原子形成一雜環狀基團之一二價橋接基團,且於諸如-C(O)N(R7)2及-N(R7)COR7之醯胺基取代基,與N接合之每一R7亦可為氫。當然,構成特定有機聚亞磷酸鹽之經取代或未經取代之烴基基團之任何者可為相同或相異。
更特別地,例示之取代基包括一級、二級與三級之烷基基團,諸如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、新戊基、正己基、戊基、第二戊基、第三戊基、異辛基、癸基、十八烷基等;芳基基團,諸如,苯基及萘基;芳烷基基團,諸如,苯甲基、苯乙基,及三苯基甲基;烷芳基基團,諸如,甲苯基及二甲苯基;脂環狀基團,諸如,環戊基、環己基、1-甲基環己基、環辛基,及環己基乙基;烷氧基基團,諸如,甲氧基、乙氧基、丙
氧基、第三丁氧基、-OCH2CH2OCH3、-O(CH2CH2)2OCH3,及-O(CH2CH2)3OCH3;芳氧基基團,諸如,苯氧基;與矽烷基基團,諸如,-Si(CH3)3、-Si(OCH3)3,及-Si(C3H7)3;胺基基團,諸如,-NH2、-N(CH3)2、-NHCH3,及-NH(C2H5);芳基膦基團,諸如,-P(C6H5)2;醯基基團,諸如,-C(O)CH3、-C(O)C2H5,及-C(O)C6H5;羰氧基基團,諸如,-C(O)OCH3;氧羰基基團,諸如,-O(CO)C6H5;醯胺基基團,諸如,-CONH2、-CON(CH3)2,及-NHC(O)CH3;磺醯基基團,諸如,-S(O)2C2H5;亞磺醯基基團,諸如,-S(O)CH3;亞氧硫基基團,諸如,-SCH3、-SC2H5,及-SC6H5;膦醯基基團,諸如,-P(O)(C6H5)2、-P(O)(CH3)2、-P(O)(C2H5)2、-P(O)(C3H7)2、-P(O)(C4H9)2、-P(O)(C6H13)2、-P(O)CH3(C6H5)及-P(O)(H)(C6H5)。
有機雙亞磷酸鹽之特別例子係WO 2008/115740之配位體A-S。
有機單亞磷酸鹽包括任何含有一亞磷酸鹽基團之有機化合物。亦可使用有機單亞磷酸鹽之混合物。代表性之有機單亞磷酸鹽包括具有化學式(VIII)者。
代表性之二有機亞磷酸鹽包括具有化學式(IX)者。
化學式IX中以W表示之代表性經取代及未經取代之單價烴基團包括烷基及芳基基團,而以R9表示之代表性經取代及未經取代之二價烴基團包括二價非環狀基團及二價芳香族基團。例示之二價非環狀基團包括,例如,伸烷基、伸烷基-氧-伸烷基、伸烷基-NX2-伸烷基,其中,X2係氫或一經取代或未經取代之烴基團、伸烷基-S-伸烷基,及伸環烷基基團。更佳之二價非環狀基團係諸如於,例如,USP 3,415,906及4,567,302中更完整揭示之二價伸烷基基團。例示之二價芳香族基團包括,例如,伸芳基雙伸芳基、伸芳基-伸烷基、伸芳基-伸烷基-伸芳基、伸芳基-氧-伸芳基、伸芳基-NX2-伸芳基,其中,X2係如上所定義,伸芳基-S-伸芳基,及伸芳基-S-伸烷基。更佳地,R9係一諸如於,例如,USP 4,599,206及
4,717,775中更完整揭示之二價芳香族基團。
更佳種類之二有機單亞磷酸鹽之代表係具有化學式(X)者。
代表性之三有機單亞磷酸鹽包含具有化學式(XI)者。
作為進一步選擇,任何有機單亞磷酸鹽-單磷酸鹽配位體或有機單亞磷酸鹽-聚磷酸鹽配位體可作為有機單亞磷酸鹽配位體。例如,包括如前所述之較佳的有機雙亞磷酸鹽配位體之任何有機聚亞磷酸鹽配位體可接受氧化,使得除了一個以外之所有磷(III)原子被轉化成磷(V)原子。形成之經氧化的配位體可包含一有機單亞磷酸鹽-聚磷酸鹽,或較佳之一有機
單亞磷酸鹽-單磷酸鹽,其相對於過渡金屬係以2/1莫耳過量適合地使用。於此處使用時,除非其它特別指示,“有機單亞磷酸鹽配位體”及相以用辭包括有機單亞磷酸鹽-單磷酸鹽配位體及有機單亞磷酸鹽-聚磷酸鹽配位體(對使用此用辭之本文適合般)。
作為進一步選擇,任何有機單亞磷醯胺配位體可以本身或與任何其它有機磷配位體組合使用,且任何有機聚亞磷醯胺配位體可以本身或與任何其它有機磷配位體組合使用。有機亞磷醯胺配位體係已知,且可以與有機亞磷酸鹽配位體相同方式使用。代表性之有機亞磷醯胺配位體係具有化學式(XII-XIV)。
氫甲醯化催化劑包含如下之一經安定化之錯合物:(A)過渡金屬(例如,銠,典型上係以銠催化劑先質供應,諸如,Rh(CO)2(Acac)),(B)有機磷配位體,及(C)過量(游離)有機磷配位體,其相關於經安定化之催化劑錯合物之銠金屬組份係以過量莫耳量提供。
催化劑可於氫甲醯化反應區域於原位製備,或另外地,可於非原位且其後與適當氫甲醯化反應物引至反應區鹽內製備。於一實施例,催化劑係藉由將1莫耳之適合過渡金屬源與1莫耳至5-100莫耳之有機磷配位體混合而製備。於一實施例,催化劑係藉由以1莫耳之適合銠源對5-100莫耳之有機磷配位體之比率混合而製備,且於起如氫甲醯化反應後,添加多芽配位體。
催化物種可包含呈其單體、二聚物或更高核性型式之錯合物催化劑混合物,其較佳特徵在於每一過渡金屬分子係錯合至少一含有機磷之分子。例如,除一單芽亞磷酸鹽配位體
或一多芽配位體外,過渡金屬可與一氧化碳及氫錯合。
催化劑及其製備係於USP 4,169,861、5,741,945、6,153,800及7,615,645與WO 2008/115740中更完整地說明。
氫甲醯化催化劑於反應期間及/或產物分離期間可呈均質或非均質之型式。存在於反應介質內之金屬-配位體錯合物催化劑之量僅需用以催化此方法所需之最小量。若過渡金屬係銠,則於氫甲醯化反應介質內範圍為10至1000份數/百萬(ppm)(以游離銠計算)之濃度對於大部份方法係足夠,而一般較佳係使用10至500 ppm之銠,且更佳係25至350 ppm之銠。
除金屬-配位體錯合物催化劑外,自由配位體(即,未與金屬錯合之配位體)亦可存在於氫甲醯化反應介質內。較佳但並非必要地,游離配位體,單或多芽,係與使用之金屬-配位體錯合物催化劑之配位體相同。本發明之氫甲醯化方法可包含於氫甲醯化反應介質內每莫耳之金屬為0.1莫耳或更少至100莫耳或更高之游離配位體。較佳地,氫甲醯化方法係於每莫耳存在於反應介質之金屬為1至50莫耳之配位體且更佳係1.1至4莫耳之配位體存在中實行;配位體之量係與存在之金屬結合(錯合)之配位體之量及存在之游離(未錯合)配位體之量之總和。當然,若要的話,補充或另外之配位體可於任何時間且以任何適合方式供應至氫甲醯化方法之反應介質,例如,以維持反應介質內之預定量的游離配位體。
作為一普遍程序,催化劑系統係先於一氫甲醯化反應
區域內之一去氧溶劑介質內形成。過量之配位體可作為溶劑介質而實施。第一氫甲醯化區域係以氫及一氧化碳加壓,且加熱至一選定之反應溫度。烯烴不飽和化合物供應至第一氫甲醯化區域,且反應係進行至所欲轉化產生且效率已達成為止,此時,第一反應區域之產物轉移至其後之反應區域,其間係添加新的及/或循環回收之試劑。此其後反應區域內之反應係持續至所欲轉化產生且效率達成為止,此時,最後反應區域之產物被回收及純化。於一連續系統,催化劑較佳係循環回到第一反應區域。
氫甲醯化方法之反應條件可廣泛改變。例如,氣體氫對一氧化碳之H2:CO莫耳比率有利地範圍可為1:10至100:1或更高,更佳之氫對一氧化碳之莫耳比率係1:10至10:1。有利地,氫甲醯化方法可於大於-25℃,更佳係大於50℃之反應溫度進行。氫甲醯化方法有利地可於少於200℃,較佳係少於120℃之反應溫度進行。有利地,包含烯烴反應物、一氧化碳、氫,及任何惰性輕質物之總氣壓範圍可為1 psia(6.9 kPa)至10,000 psia(68.9 MPa)。較佳地,此方法係於包含烯烴反應物、一氧化碳及氫之總氣壓係少於2,000 psia(13,800 kPa),更佳係少於500 psia(3450 kPa)時操作。有利地,一氧化碳分壓係從1 psia(6.9kPa)至1000 psia(6,900 kPa)改變,且較佳係從3 psia(20.7 kPa)至800 psia(5,516 kPa),且更佳係從15 psia(103.4 kPa)至100 psia(689 kPa);而氫分壓較佳係從5 psia(34.5 kPa)至500 psia(3,450 kPa)改變,且更佳係從10 psia(69 kPa)至300 psia(2,070 kPa)。
合成氣(CO+H2)之流速可於足以獲得所欲氫甲醯化方法之任何可操作流速廣泛改變。合成氣流速係依特定型式之催化劑、烯烴供料流速,及其它操作條件而定。相同地,自Oxo反應器之排放流速可為足以獲得所欲氫甲醯化方法之任何可操作流速。排放流出係依反應器規模及反應物與合成氣供料之純度而定。適合之合成氣供料流速及排放流速係已知且可由熟習此項技藝者輕易算出。於一實施例,H2及CO之分壓被控制,使得反應係於氫甲醯化率對於單亞磷酸鹽催化劑之合成氣(H2及CO)分壓係正等級且對於雙亞磷酸鹽催化劑之CO分壓係負等級之條件下進行(諸如,於WO 2008/115740 A1中所述)。
惰性溶劑可作為氫甲醯化反應介質稀釋劑。可使用各種不同溶劑,包括酮,諸如,丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、苯乙酮,及環己酮;芳香族化合物,諸如,苯、甲苯及二甲苯;經鹵化之芳香族化合物,包括鄰-二氯苯;醚,諸如,四氫呋喃、二甲氧基乙烷及二噁烷;經鹵化之烷烴,包括二氯甲烷;酯(例如,乙酸乙酯、二-2-乙基己基苯二甲酸酯、2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇單異丁酸酯)、烷烴,諸如,庚烷等。較佳溶劑係醛產物及/或醛產物與反應性烯烴或烯烴之寡聚物。
於一實施例,氫甲醯化方法係於如USP 5,763,671中所述之一多階段反應器內實行。此等多階段反應器可設計成具有每一容器產生多於一個理論性反應階段或區域之內部物理性障壁。效果係如同於單一連續攪拌槽反應器容器內
具有多數個反應器。單一容器內多個反應階段係使用反應器容器體積之一成本上有效之方式。其顯著降低用以達成相同結果所需之容器數量。但是,明顯地,若目標係於此方法之不同階段具有不同反應物分壓,則係使用二或更多個反應器或容器。反應區域可呈串聯或並聯,但最佳係呈串聯。
本發明之氫甲醯化方法典型上係以二階段連續方式進行。此等方法係此項技藝已知,且可包含:(a)於包含溶劑、金屬有機磷配位體錯合物催化劑、游離有機磷配位體之一液體均質反應混合物內,以一氧化碳及氫將烯烴起始材料氫甲醯化;(b)維持有利於烯烴起始材料氫甲醯化之反應溫度及壓力條件;(c)於此等反應物用完時,將補充量之烯烴起始材料,一氧化碳及氫,供應至反應介質;以及(d)以任何所欲方式回收所欲之醛氫甲醯化產物。連續方法可以單程模式實行,其中,包含未反應烯烴起始材料及蒸發醛產物之一蒸氣混合物液體反應混合物移除,而醛產物係自此回收,且補充之烯烴起始材料、一氧化碳及氫係供應至用於下一單程之液體反應介質,而未將未反應烯烴起始材料循環回收。此等型式之循環回收程序係此項技藝已知,且可包括諸如於USP 4,148,830所揭示之液體循環回收自所欲醛反應產物分離之金屬-有機磷錯合物催化劑流體,或諸如USP 4,247,486所揭示之氣體循環回收程序,與若要的話之液體及氣體循環回收程序之組合。最佳之氫甲醯化方法包含連續液體催化劑循環回收方法。適合之液體催化劑循環
回收程序係揭示於,例如,美國專利第4,668,651;4,774,361;5,102,505及5,110,990號案。以數個反應器容器,其等可以串聯或並聯進行(用於二方法之混合)。
於本發明內容中使用時,“催化劑溶液”係催化金屬(例如,銠)及/或有機磷配位體存在於其中且將用於製造醛之方法之任何溶液。此包括反應器內容物(一般係稱為包括熱交換器之“反應區域”)、催化劑-產物分離區域(典型上係蒸發器或傾析器)、任何催化劑處理區域(典型上係萃取器、過濾器、氣液分離罐等),及任何管線、熱交換器,及/或連接上述任何者之泵。催化劑溶液包含金屬-有機磷錯合物、游離(未錯合)配位體、未反應試劑(典型上係烯烴及合成氣)、產品、副產物(例如,醇)、配位體降解產物,及適合溶劑(典型上係如USP 4,148,830所揭示之醛重質物)。
氫甲醯化方法停止時,催化劑可於會衝擊催化劑儲存安定性之各種不同狀態。例如,催化劑溶液可含有高或低含量之酸及/或高或低含量之水。因為有機磷配位體之水解係依水含量及催化劑之存在而定,水及/或酸量係儘可能被降低。但是,並非總是能達成低酸及低酸含量,特別是於未計劃計之停止期間。本發明避免儲存具有高酸及高水含量之催化劑溶液(無緩衝)。
於本發明之一實施例,於氫甲醯化方法停止時,催化劑溶液內之酸,特別是醛-膦酸及磷酸,之濃度先被降低、中和或移除,然後,催化劑溶液係儲存於合成氣氛圍下。例如,如於USP 4,599,206、5,288,918、5,741,942、5,741,942、
4,835,299及US 2003/0018220所述般,與水、外來氧及/或醛反應產生酸,諸如,1-羥基丁基膦酸(自丁酫衍生之膦酸)、亞磷酸(H3PO3)、磷酸(H3PO4),配位體降解酸,諸如,ArO-P(=O)H(OH)及ArO-P(=O)(OH)2,及氫氟酸(HF)。醛產物以外來氧或過氧化物氧化會產生相對應之羧酸。此等酸雜質之存在及濃度可於催化劑溶液直接(31P NMR,IC)或於分析前藉由水萃取(IC,滴定)或間接藉由測量萃取器水性流出物之酸組份(31P NMR,IC)而測量。為了比較目的,所有之酸測量典型上係轉化成“H3PO3等化物”。酸濃度可藉由可藉由任何適合方法降低,例如,萃取、鹼添加、沉澱等,諸如,於先前專利文件中所述者。於催化劑溶液內,酸含量需降至少於(<)1000份/百萬(ppm)(以H3PO3),較佳係<800 ppm(以H3PO3),較佳係<600 ppm(以H3PO3),較佳係<400 ppm(以H3PO3),較佳係<200 ppm(以H3PO3),較佳係<100 ppm(以H3PO3),較佳係<50 ppm(以H3PO3),較佳係<20 ppm(以H3PO3),且最佳係<10 ppm(以H3PO3)。
於本發明之一實施例,催化劑溶液內之水量亦於儲存前降低。水一般於商業操作期間將毒性亞磷酸鹽錯合物水解係所欲的(USP 5,288,918),但於儲存期間係非所欲的。為使水解及酸之形成達最小,水含量係儘可能降低,但完全移除水並不實際。催化劑溶液之水含量可藉由任何方便的方法降低,例如,蒸發、萃取得,且可於降低催化劑溶液之酸濃度之前、期間或之後降低。一範例係於USP 7,262,330提供,但一更簡單之方法係使用一現存蒸發器移
除具產物之水且切斷任何水源(例如,藉由旁流一水萃取器)。儲存內之水含量典型上係少於(<)5重量%(wt%),較佳係<4 wt%,較佳係<3 wt%,較佳係<2 wt%,較佳係<1 wt%,較佳係<0.8 wt%,較佳係<0.5 wt%,較佳係<0.25 wt%,且最佳係少於0.1 wt%(藉由NIR or Karl-Fischer滴定測量)。
於本發明之一實施例,催化劑溶液之酸濃度及水含量係於儲存催化劑前降低。
瞭解濃度於整個方法會改變(例如,反應器內容物可簡單地藉由稀釋高於蒸發器尾),此處報導之所欲的水及酸含量係平均催化劑溶液內之量。
一旦催化劑溶液之酸濃度及/或水含量降至所欲量,催化劑溶於儲存於合成氣覆蓋物下。具降低酸濃度及/或水含量之催化劑溶液可儲存於氫甲醯化設備之內或外部。無論儲存於設備之內或外部,其可連續地或週期性地循環,或其可處於靜態。若儲存於氫甲醯化處理設備之外部,典型上係藉由泵自氫甲醯化處理設備或用以降低酸濃度及/或水含量之設備轉移至由對催化劑溶液基本上呈惰性之材料(例如,與建構氫甲醯化設備者相同之材料)製成之一貯存容器。合成氣係以足以覆蓋儲存之催化劑溶液且保護溶液免於遭受與催化劑或其組份部份反應之化合物之量及方式使用。典型上,使用之合成氣的最小量係用以確保溶液至少於大氣壓下且對於至少10 psi之總和成氣壓力,CO及H2分壓(pp)每一者係至少5磅/平方英吋(psi)之所需者。
於氫甲醯化方法停止時,於本發明之一實施例,催化
劑溶液係以會中和及/或吸收於儲存時存在或於儲存期間形成之酸物種(特別是醛及磷酸)之材料儲存。此溶液可於儲存前不能降低來自催化劑溶液之所含的水時產生,諸如,於非計劃性中斷期間或由於蒸發器維修。於此情況,所欲地係避免酸性雜質累積及防止開始自動催化水解,且此係藉由移除酸催化劑而獲得。中和及/或吸收材料典型上係以含水緩衝溶液或混合物之一部份,以足以中和或吸收催化劑溶液內之至少50,典型上係至少90且更典型係至少95,%之酸性物種之濃度提供。較佳地,緩衝溶液或混合物內之材料的濃度係足以中和及/或吸收於儲存時存在於催化劑溶液內且會於儲存期間形成之所有酸性物種。此可藉由將試劑添加至儲存之催化劑以吸收儲存期間之酸而產生。舉例而言,將包含經取代之胺或環氧化物之緩衝溶液添加至於儲存槽內之催化劑溶液而反應,吸收,或中和形成之酸。此等可為停止前使用之相同或相異之酸移除技術。
若使用緩衝溶液,可添加至儲存的催化劑溶液,或較佳地,可與催化劑溶液混合形成會隨時間分離之一二相混合物。於一實施例,緩衝溶液係與儲存之催化劑溶液於整個儲存期間連續或間歇性地混合。混合可藉由任何手段產生,例如,使用一機械式攪拌裝置,諸如,推進器、泵等。如同具有降低酸濃度之儲存催化劑,此實施例之催化劑溶液亦可具有降低之水含量,且儲存於合成氣及/或惰性氣體覆蓋物下。
於本發明之一實施例,合成氣係整齊用於覆蓋儲存之
催化劑溶液。於本發明之一實施例,合成氣係與一或多種惰性氣體(例如,氮、氦、甲烷等)組合地使用以覆蓋儲存之催化劑溶液。於本發明之一實施例,合成氣未用於覆蓋儲存之催化劑溶液,相反地,催化劑溶液係儲存於惰性氣體覆蓋物下。
於催化劑溶液準備自儲存移除且置回氫甲醯化方法內之操作時,中和及/或吸收介質可藉由任何方便手段自催化劑溶液移除,例如,分離、沉澱或蒸餾。此可藉由將儲存之催化劑溶液通過萃取器(其會移除任何含水層或緩衝物)而最方便地進行。
於本發明之一實施例,催化劑溶液之酸濃度及水含量係於儲存前降低,然後,催化劑溶液與會中和及/或吸收酸性物種之材料且於合成氣及/或惰性氣體之覆蓋物下儲存。
於一實施例,儲存之催化劑溶液之酸濃度係於重新起始氫甲醯化方法前,藉由將催化劑溶液經由一含水萃取器循環而降低,於其間,催化劑溶液之溫度係低於反應器內使用之一般溫度,典型上係低於50℃。選擇性地,蒸發器可於開始反應器烯烴供料前起始以移除一些水。於任一情況,較佳係反應器維持於正合成氣壓力,例如,大於(>)10psi。
雖然本發明已經由先前較佳實施例說明以特定細節說明,但此細節係用於主要之例示說明目的。許多變化及修改可由熟習此項技藝者於未偏離如於下申請專利範圍中所述之精神及範圍下進行。
Claims (8)
- 一種製備用於儲存之氫甲醯化催化劑溶液之方法,該催化劑溶液包含:A.一與一或多個有機磷配位體組合之過渡金屬,B.一濃度之酸性物種,以及C.水,該方法包含(i)將該催化劑溶液內之該酸性物種之濃度降至不多於200ppm,及(ii)將該催化劑溶液儲存於一惰性氣體或合成氣覆蓋物下之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,該酸濃度係藉由萃取、鹼添加及沉澱之一或多者降低。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,該催化劑溶液之該水含量係降至不多於0.8重量%。
- 一種製備用於儲存之氫甲醯化催化劑溶液之方法,該催化劑溶液包含:A.一與一或多個雙亞磷酸鹽配位體組合之過渡金屬,B.一濃度之酸性物種,以及C.水,該方法包含(i)將該催化劑溶液與包含一或多種會中和及/或吸收至少50%之該酸性物種之材料之一含水緩衝溶液混合,及(ii)將該催化劑溶液與該含水緩衝溶液儲存於一惰性氣體或合成氣覆蓋物下之步驟。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中,該含水緩衝溶液包含經取代之胺或環氧化物之至少一者。
- 如申請專利範圍第1-5項中任一項之方法,其中,該催化劑溶液係儲存於與一或多種惰性氣體組合之合成氣覆蓋物下。
- 如申請專利範圍第1-5項中任一項之方法,其中,該氫甲醯化催化劑之過渡金屬係銠。
- 如申請專利範圍第1-5項中任一項之方法,其中該酸性物種包含醛-膦酸及磷酸。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161476593P | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201302306A TW201302306A (zh) | 2013-01-16 |
TWI566834B true TWI566834B (zh) | 2017-01-21 |
Family
ID=46028157
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW101113589A TWI566834B (zh) | 2011-04-18 | 2012-04-17 | 儲存以過渡金屬有機磷配位體為主的催化劑之方法 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10478812B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2699350B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5990260B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101879013B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103702758B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112013026704B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2833042C (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2753226T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX363707B (zh) |
MY (1) | MY170248A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2598386C2 (zh) |
SA (1) | SA112330271B1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI566834B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2012145241A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA201307799B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MY176756A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2020-08-21 | Dow Technology Investments Llc | Process for stabilizing a phosphite ligand against degradation |
US9006495B2 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2015-04-14 | Basf Se | Process for the catalytic aldol condensation of aldehydes |
JP6560248B2 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2019-08-14 | ダウ テクノロジー インベストメンツ リミティド ライアビリティー カンパニー | ヒドロホルミル化プロセス |
JP6694396B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-14 | 2020-05-13 | ダウ テクノロジー インベストメンツ リミティド ライアビリティー カンパニー | 安定化された有機リン化合物 |
CA2993161C (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2023-09-26 | Dow Technology Investments Llc | Method for the preparation of a stabilized organophosphorous compound solution |
TWI758353B (zh) * | 2016-11-08 | 2022-03-21 | 美商陶氏科技投資有限公司 | 使去活化的氫甲醯化催化劑溶液再生的方法 |
TW202126385A (zh) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-07-16 | 美商陶氏科技投資有限公司 | 自氫甲醯化製程回收銠之方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW200811080A (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-03-01 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Hydroformylation method involving a cobalt-based catalyst in a non-aqueous ionic liquid |
TW200940494A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-10-01 | Shell Int Research | Heterogeneous promotion of oxirane hydroformylation |
Family Cites Families (59)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3415906A (en) | 1964-05-29 | 1968-12-10 | Hooker Chemical Corp | Phosphite phospholane and phosphorinane compounds |
US3527809A (en) | 1967-08-03 | 1970-09-08 | Union Carbide Corp | Hydroformylation process |
US4148830A (en) | 1975-03-07 | 1979-04-10 | Union Carbide Corporation | Hydroformylation of olefins |
US4247486A (en) | 1977-03-11 | 1981-01-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Cyclic hydroformylation process |
US4169861A (en) | 1977-08-19 | 1979-10-02 | Celanese Corporation | Hydroformylation process |
GB8334359D0 (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1984-02-01 | Davy Mckee Ltd | Process |
US4599206A (en) | 1984-02-17 | 1986-07-08 | Union Carbide Corporation | Transition metal complex catalyzed reactions |
US5110990A (en) | 1984-03-30 | 1992-05-05 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Process for recovery of phosphorus ligand from vaporized aldehyde |
US4567302A (en) | 1984-07-20 | 1986-01-28 | Angus Chemical | Polymeric quaternary ammonium salts possessing antimicrobial activity and methods for preparation and use thereof |
US4737588A (en) | 1984-12-28 | 1988-04-12 | Union Carbide Corporation | Transition metal complex catalyzed reactions |
US4593127A (en) | 1985-01-11 | 1986-06-03 | Union Carbide Corporation | Hydroformylation process |
US4668651A (en) | 1985-09-05 | 1987-05-26 | Union Carbide Corporation | Transition metal complex catalyzed processes |
US4885401A (en) | 1985-09-05 | 1989-12-05 | Union Carbide Corporation | Bis-phosphite compounds |
US4748261A (en) | 1985-09-05 | 1988-05-31 | Union Carbide Corporation | Bis-phosphite compounds |
US4774361A (en) | 1986-05-20 | 1988-09-27 | Union Carbide Corporation | Transition metal complex catalyzed reactions |
US4835299A (en) | 1987-03-31 | 1989-05-30 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for purifying tertiary organophosphites |
US5113022A (en) | 1988-08-05 | 1992-05-12 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Ionic phosphites used in homogeneous transition metal catalyzed processes |
US5059710A (en) | 1988-08-05 | 1991-10-22 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Technology Corporation | Ionic phosphites and their use in homogeneous transition metal catalyzed processes |
US5114473A (en) | 1988-08-25 | 1992-05-19 | Union Carbide Chemicals And Plastics Technology Corporation | Transition metal recovery |
US5277532A (en) | 1989-07-31 | 1994-01-11 | Cefin S.P.A. | Mechanical acceleration device in can welding machines |
US5210318A (en) | 1990-05-04 | 1993-05-11 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Catalysts and processes useful in producing 1,3-diols and/or 3-hydroxyldehydes |
DE4026406A1 (de) | 1990-08-21 | 1992-02-27 | Basf Ag | Rhodiumhydroformylierungskatalysatoren mit bis-phosphit-liganden |
US5179055A (en) | 1990-09-24 | 1993-01-12 | New York University | Cationic rhodium bis(dioxaphosphorus heterocycle) complexes and their use in the branched product regioselective hydroformylation of olefins |
US5102505A (en) | 1990-11-09 | 1992-04-07 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Mixed aldehyde product separation by distillation |
US5183943A (en) * | 1991-03-18 | 1993-02-02 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Reactivation of hydroformylation catalysts |
TW213465B (zh) | 1991-06-11 | 1993-09-21 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Co Ltd | |
US5360938A (en) | 1991-08-21 | 1994-11-01 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Asymmetric syntheses |
DE4204808A1 (de) | 1992-02-18 | 1993-08-19 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von (omega)-formylalkancarbonsaeureestern |
US5312996A (en) | 1992-06-29 | 1994-05-17 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Hydroformylation process for producing 1,6-hexanedials |
US5364950A (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-11-15 | Union Carbide Chimicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Process for stabilizing phosphite ligands in hydroformylation reaction mixtures |
US5288918A (en) * | 1992-09-29 | 1994-02-22 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Hydroformylation process |
US5560405A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1996-10-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Flow control system and method |
TW307785B (zh) * | 1994-04-05 | 1997-06-11 | Ciba Sc Holding Ag | |
US5728893A (en) | 1995-12-06 | 1998-03-17 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Process using multistaged reactors |
US5786517A (en) | 1995-12-06 | 1998-07-28 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes |
US5741942A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-04-21 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes |
WO1997020794A1 (en) | 1995-12-06 | 1997-06-12 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Improved metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes |
US5767321A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1998-06-16 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes |
US5731472A (en) | 1995-12-06 | 1998-03-24 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes |
EP0839787A1 (en) | 1996-11-04 | 1998-05-06 | Dsm N.V. | Process for the preparation of an aldehyde |
US5710344A (en) | 1996-11-08 | 1998-01-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process to prepare a linear aldehyde |
US5874640A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1999-02-23 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes |
US5892119A (en) | 1996-11-26 | 1999-04-06 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes |
AU6518398A (en) | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-22 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Process for producing aldehydes |
DE19810794A1 (de) | 1998-03-12 | 1999-09-16 | Basf Ag | Katalysator, umfassend einen Komplex eines Metalls der VIII. Nebengruppe auf Basis eines Phosphonitliganden und Verfahren zur Hydroformylierung |
US6090987A (en) | 1998-07-06 | 2000-07-18 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes |
JP3059423B2 (ja) | 1998-10-19 | 2000-07-04 | 松下電子工業株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
US6294700B1 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2001-09-25 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Separation processes |
BR0116914B1 (pt) | 2001-03-08 | 2012-05-15 | processo para a produção de aldeìdos. | |
US6693219B2 (en) | 2001-06-02 | 2004-02-17 | Eastman Chemical Company | Epoxide stabilization of fluorophosphite-metal catalyst system in a hydroformylation process |
DE10140083A1 (de) | 2001-08-16 | 2003-02-27 | Oxeno Olefinchemie Gmbh | Neue Phosphitverbindungen und deren Metallkomplexe |
ATE320438T1 (de) | 2002-03-11 | 2006-04-15 | Union Carbide Chem Plastic | Bisphosphit-ligande für carbonylierungsverfahren |
DE10242636A1 (de) | 2002-09-13 | 2004-03-18 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dialdehyden und/oder ethylenisch ungesättigten Monoaldehyden durch Hydroformylierung ethylenisch ungesättigter Verbindungen |
KR20060096433A (ko) | 2003-10-21 | 2006-09-11 | 바스프 악티엔게젤샤프트 | 알데히드의 연속식 제조 방법 |
DE102006058682A1 (de) | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Evonik Oxeno Gmbh | Bisphosphitliganden für die übergangsmetallkatalysierte Hydroformylierung |
US7586010B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2009-09-08 | Eastman Chemical Company | Phosphonite-containing catalysts for hydroformylation processes |
CN101657407B (zh) | 2007-03-20 | 2014-02-12 | 陶氏技术投资有限公司 | 改善对产物同分异构体的控制的加氢甲酰基化方法 |
US7872156B2 (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2011-01-18 | Eastman Chemical Company | Fluorophosphite containing catalysts for hydroformylation processes |
US7674937B2 (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2010-03-09 | Eastman Chemical Company | Hydroformylation catalysts |
-
2012
- 2012-02-13 SA SA112330271A patent/SA112330271B1/ar unknown
- 2012-04-13 RU RU2013151001/04A patent/RU2598386C2/ru active
- 2012-04-13 MX MX2013012191A patent/MX363707B/es unknown
- 2012-04-13 BR BR112013026704-6A patent/BR112013026704B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-04-13 JP JP2014506465A patent/JP5990260B2/ja active Active
- 2012-04-13 KR KR1020137030074A patent/KR101879013B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2012-04-13 MY MYPI2013003785A patent/MY170248A/en unknown
- 2012-04-13 US US14/111,919 patent/US10478812B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-13 WO PCT/US2012/033528 patent/WO2012145241A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-13 CA CA2833042A patent/CA2833042C/en active Active
- 2012-04-13 CN CN201280029723.3A patent/CN103702758B/zh active Active
- 2012-04-13 EP EP12719145.0A patent/EP2699350B1/en active Active
- 2012-04-13 ES ES12719145T patent/ES2753226T3/es active Active
- 2012-04-17 TW TW101113589A patent/TWI566834B/zh active
-
2013
- 2013-10-18 ZA ZA2013/07799A patent/ZA201307799B/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW200811080A (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-03-01 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Hydroformylation method involving a cobalt-based catalyst in a non-aqueous ionic liquid |
TW200940494A (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-10-01 | Shell Int Research | Heterogeneous promotion of oxirane hydroformylation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY170248A (en) | 2019-07-12 |
WO2012145241A1 (en) | 2012-10-26 |
CA2833042C (en) | 2020-05-12 |
KR101879013B1 (ko) | 2018-07-16 |
JP2014512266A (ja) | 2014-05-22 |
KR20140027263A (ko) | 2014-03-06 |
CN103702758B (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
SA112330271B1 (ar) | 2015-02-09 |
MX363707B (es) | 2019-03-29 |
RU2598386C2 (ru) | 2016-09-27 |
ES2753226T3 (es) | 2020-04-07 |
CN103702758A (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
EP2699350B1 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
ZA201307799B (en) | 2015-01-28 |
EP2699350A1 (en) | 2014-02-26 |
CA2833042A1 (en) | 2012-10-26 |
US20140051568A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
TW201302306A (zh) | 2013-01-16 |
JP5990260B2 (ja) | 2016-09-07 |
BR112013026704B1 (pt) | 2020-10-20 |
US10478812B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
MX2013012191A (es) | 2014-06-23 |
RU2013151001A (ru) | 2015-05-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR101629043B1 (ko) | 재순환 촉매 스트림 중의 중질물 제어 방법 | |
TWI566834B (zh) | 儲存以過渡金屬有機磷配位體為主的催化劑之方法 | |
TWI586644B (zh) | 氫甲醯化方法 | |
JP5912084B2 (ja) | オレフィン分圧の制御による、混合リガンドヒドロホルミル化プロセスにおけるノルマル:イソアルデヒド比の制御 | |
EP2516373B1 (en) | Controlling the normal : iso aldehyde ratio in a mixed ligand hydroformylation process | |
JP5603407B2 (ja) | 二重オープンエンド型ビスホスファイトリガンドによるヒドロホルミル化方法 | |
EP2516372B2 (en) | Controlling the normal:iso aldehyde ratio in a mixed ligand hydroformylation process by controlling the syngas partial pressure | |
JP6329136B2 (ja) | ヒドロホルミル化プロセス | |
JP6571652B2 (ja) | ヒドロホルミル化プロセス | |
JP6560248B2 (ja) | ヒドロホルミル化プロセス | |
RU2639156C2 (ru) | Способ стабилизации фосфитного лиганда против деградации | |
CZ174898A3 (cs) | Zlepšený způsob katalýzy komplexem kov-ligand | |
JP2015523909A5 (zh) | ||
CZ174798A3 (cs) | Zlepšený způsob katalýzy komplexem kov-ligand | |
JPH08165266A (ja) | アルデヒド類の製造方法 | |
CZ175098A3 (cs) | Zlepšený způsob katalýzy komplexem kov-ligand |