TWI536871B - 單體噴淋頭電極、包含單體噴淋頭電極之電極組件、及利用單體噴淋頭電極在電漿室內處理半導體基板之方法 - Google Patents
單體噴淋頭電極、包含單體噴淋頭電極之電極組件、及利用單體噴淋頭電極在電漿室內處理半導體基板之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI536871B TWI536871B TW098122904A TW98122904A TWI536871B TW I536871 B TWI536871 B TW I536871B TW 098122904 A TW098122904 A TW 098122904A TW 98122904 A TW98122904 A TW 98122904A TW I536871 B TWI536871 B TW I536871B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
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- H01L21/3065—Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J37/32532—Electrodes
- H01J37/32568—Relative arrangement or disposition of electrodes; moving means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J37/32605—Removable or replaceable electrodes or electrode systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本發明係關於一種電漿處理室的噴淋頭電極組件,於此電漿處理室中可製造半導體元件。
依照一實施例,一種噴淋頭電極組件包含夾固於支撐板的單體式階狀(monolithic stepped)電極,其中噴淋頭電極組件包含電容耦合於電漿處理室的上部電極。此階狀電極為於其底面上具有電漿曝露表面,並於其頂面上具有安裝表面的圓形板。此安裝表面包含複數個對準銷凹部,其設置係用以容納與支撐板之對準銷孔的圖案相對應而排列的對準銷,此支撐板並由凸輪鎖加以抵靠固定且包含處理氣體出口,此處理氣體出口係與支撐板之氣體供應孔的圖案相對應而排列。此頂面包含圍繞內平面的外凹表面,此電漿曝露表面包含內、外傾斜表面。位於外凹表面的複數周向間隔凹穴之設置係可將鎖定銷容納於其內而可配合凸輪鎖將階狀電極夾固於支撐板。
依照另一實施例,一種電容耦合電漿處理室的噴淋頭電極組件包含:熱控制板、支撐板、保護環以及階狀電極。此熱控制板被電漿處理室的溫度控制壁所支撐並且具有大於在電漿處理室內欲進行處理之晶圓的直徑,且包含位於其底側的環狀凸部,在環狀凸部之間具有充氣部。該充氣部乃與支撐板之氣體通道(說明於後)相連通。此支撐板被熱控制板加以支撐,並且具有小於熱控制板的直徑、貫穿其中之氣體通道、以及位於水平延伸鑽孔內的凸輪鎖。此保護環具有等於支撐板之外周緣厚度的高度、以及至少一個穿過此保護環的水平延伸存取鑽孔(access bores),此保護環可繞著支撐板轉動,而使存取鑽孔與至少其中之一凸輪鎖對正。此
階狀電極具有貫穿其中之氣體通道而與支撐板流體相連通。此階狀電極可包含與凸輪鎖嚙合的垂直延伸鎖定銷,並且可支撐保護環,且可藉由從凸輪鎖卸除鎖定銷而被加以移除。
積體電路晶片的製造典型上係開始於稱為「晶圓」之高純度、單晶半導體材料基板(例如矽或鍺)的磨光薄片。每一個晶圓會經過一連串的物理與化學處理步驟,這些步驟可在晶圓上形成各種電路結構。在製造處理期間,吾人可使用各種不同的技術,例如用以產生二氧化矽膜的熱氧化;用以產生矽、二氧化矽、以及氮化矽膜的化學氣相沉積;以及濺鍍;或用以產生其他金屬膜的其他技術,而將各種不同種類的薄膜沉積在晶圓上。
將薄膜沉積在半導體晶圓上之後,可藉由使用被稱為摻雜的處理,而將所選擇的雜質替換到半導體晶格內,以產生獨特的半導體電性。然後,經過摻雜的矽晶圓可均勻塗佈被稱為「光阻」之具光敏感性、或輻射敏感性材料的薄層。然後,吾人可使用已知的微影處理,將用以在電路中界定電子路徑(electron paths)的微小幾何圖案轉印到光阻上。在微影處理期間,積體電路圖案可描繪在被稱為「遮罩」的玻璃板上,然後經過光學縮小、投射、並且轉印到此光敏感性塗膜上。
然後透過已知的蝕刻處理,將經過微影處理的光阻圖案轉印到下層半導體材料的結晶表面上。真空處理室一般用於基板上之材料的蝕刻以及化學氣相沉積(CVD,chemical vapor deposition),其係藉由將蝕刻或沉積氣體供應至真空室,並且將無線射頻(RF,radio frequency)場施加至此氣體,而將此氣體激發成電漿態。
反應性離子蝕刻系統典型上係由在其內安置有上部電極(或陽極)及下部電極(或陰極)的蝕刻室所組成。此陰極係相對於此陽極以及容器壁而進行負偏壓。以適當的遮罩來覆蓋待蝕刻的晶圓並且將此晶圓直接放置在陰極上。將例如具有CF4、CHF3、CClF3、HBr、Cl2以及SF6或其與O2、N2、He或Ar之混合物的化學反應
性氣體導入蝕刻室內,並且維持在典型上為毫托(millitorr)等級的壓力。上部電極設有氣體孔洞,其允許氣體均勻分散通過電極而進入腔室內。建立在陽極與陰極之間的電場可使反應性氣體產生解離而形成電漿。晶圓的表面可藉由與活性離子的化學交互作用以及衝擊晶圓表面的離子動量傳遞而加以蝕刻。藉由這些電極所產生的電場可將離子吸引到陰極,而使離子以主要垂直方向衝擊表面,俾能使此處理產生界定良好的垂直蝕刻側壁。吾人通常可藉由機械適用及/或導熱性的黏著劑來接合兩個以上的相異部件而製造蝕刻反應器電極,以提供功能的多樣性。
圖1為一橫剖面圖,其顯示用以蝕刻基板之電漿處理系統之噴淋頭電極組件100的一部分。如圖1所示,噴淋頭電極組件100包含階狀(stepped)電極110、支撐板140、以及保護環(或外環)170。噴淋頭電極組件100亦包含電漿約束組件(或晶圓區域壓力(WAP,wafer area pressure)組件)180,其圍繞在上部電極110以及支撐板140的外周緣。
組件100亦包含:熱控制板102;以及上部(頂)板104,於其內具有液體流道並且用以形成腔室的溫度控制壁。熱控制板102包含位於其底表面上的環狀凸部102a,此環狀凸部用以界定與支撐板140之氣體通道108相連通的氣體充氣部102b。階狀電極110較佳為圓柱形板件,並且可由具導電性之高純度材料所製造,例如單晶矽、多晶矽、碳化矽或其他適合的材料(例如鋁或其合金、經過陽極處理的鋁、塗佈氧化釔的鋁)。支撐板140係以下述機械扣合件而機械式地固定於電極110。保護環170圍繞在支撐板140,並且可如下所述般地存取凸輪(cam)鎖。
如圖1所示的噴淋頭電極組件100典型上係與容納一扁平狀下部電極的靜電夾頭(未圖示)一起使用,於此下部電極上,以約1至2cm的距離將晶圓支撐在上部電極110的下方。此種電漿處理系統的一範例為平行板式的反應器,例如由Lam Research Corporation of Fremont,Calif所製造之Exelan®介電蝕刻系統。此種箝制裝置可藉由供應用以控制晶圓與夾頭間之熱傳速率的背側
氦(He)壓力,而提供晶圓的溫度控制。
上部電極110為消耗性零件,其必須定期更換。為了將處理氣體供應至位於晶圓與上部電極之間的間隙,上部電極110設有氣體排放通道106,其具有適用於供應處理氣體的尺寸與分佈,此處理氣體被電極所激發並在上部電極110下方的反應區內形成電漿。
噴淋頭電極組件100亦包含電漿約束組件(或晶圓區域壓力(WAP)組件)180,其圍繞在上部電極110以及支撐板140的外周緣。電漿約束組件180較佳係由複數間隔石英環190或其堆疊體所構成,其圍繞在上部電極110以及支撐板140的外周緣。在處理期間,電漿約束組件180會在反應區內造成壓差,並且增加反應室壁與電漿之間的電阻,藉以約束上部電極110與下部電極(未圖示)之間的電漿。
在使用期間,約束環190可將電漿約束在腔室容積,並且控制反應室內的電漿壓力。對於反應室的電漿約束而言,其係許多因素的函數,這些因素包含:約束環190之間的間隔、在約束環外的反應室壓力與電漿壓力、氣體的種類與流率、以及RF功率的等級與頻率。假使約束環190之間的間隔非常小時,吾人可更容易達成電漿的約束。典型上,約束所需的間隔為0.15吋以下。然而,約束環190的間隔亦會決定電漿的壓力,較佳的情況係在維持電漿的同時,亦可調整此間隔,以達到最佳處理性能所需的壓力。來自氣體供應源的處理氣體透過位於上部板104的一個以上通道而供應至電極110,這些通道允許處理氣體被供應至位於晶圓上方的單一區域或多個區域。
電極110較佳為平面圓盤或板,其從中心(未圖示)至增厚區域具有均勻厚度,此增厚區域用以在從外緣朝內延伸的電漿曝露表面上形成台階。電極110較佳係具有大於待處理之晶圓的直徑,例如300mm以上。為了處理300mm的晶圓,上部電極110的直徑可從約15吋至約17吋。為了將處理氣體注入位於上部電極110下方的電漿反應室空間內,上部電極110較佳係包含多個氣體通
道106。
對於電極110的電漿曝露表面而言,單晶矽以及多晶矽係較佳的材料。高純度的單晶或多晶矽可將電漿處理期間的基板污染降至最低,因為其僅將最少量的不良元素導入反應室內,並且可在電漿處理期間被平穩磨耗,藉以使微粒降至最少。含有能夠用於上部電極110之電漿曝露表面之材料複合物的替代性材料,可包含例如鋁(如在此所使用的「鋁」係屬於純Al及其合金)、塗佈氧化釔的鋁、SiC、SiN、以及AlN。
支撐板140較佳係由下列材料所製造:與用在電漿處理室內對半導體基板進行處理的處理氣體具有化學相容性;具有與電極材料相匹配而接近的熱膨脹係數;及/或具有導電與導熱性。能夠用以製造支撐板140的較佳材料包含但不限於石墨、SiC、鋁(Al)、或其他適合的材料。
上部電極110機械式地接附於支撐板140,而在電極與支撐板之間不具任何黏著劑接合,即不使用導熱導電彈性接合材料將電極接附於支撐板。
支撐板140較佳係以適合的機械扣合件而接附於熱控制板102,此扣合件可為螺紋螺栓、螺桿等等。舉例而言,螺栓(未圖示)可插入位於熱控制板102的孔洞,並且旋入位於支撐板140的螺紋開口。熱控制板102包含彎曲部分184,其較佳係由經過加工的金屬材料所製造,例如鋁、鋁合金等等。上部溫度控制板104較佳係由鋁或鋁合金所製造。電漿約束組件(或晶圓區域壓力(WAP)組件)180係安置在噴淋頭電極組件100的外部。包含複數垂直可調式電漿約束環190的適當電漿約束組件180被說明於共同擁有之美國專利第5,534,751號,其內容藉由參考文獻方式合併於此。
上部電極可藉由如共同擁有之美國專利申請案第61/036,862號(申請於2008年3月14日,其揭露內容藉由參考文獻方式加以合併)所述的凸輪鎖,而機械式地接附於支撐板。參考圖2A,示範凸輪鎖的立體圖包含部分的電極201以及支撐板203。凸輪鎖能夠在種種與晶圓製造廠相關的工具(例如圖1所示之電漿蝕刻室)
內,快速地、俐落地、並且精確地將消耗性電極201接附於支撐板。
凸輪鎖包含安裝在承座213內的螺樁(鎖定銷)205。此螺樁可被例如不銹鋼Belleville墊圈的盤狀彈簧堆疊體215所圍繞。於是螺樁205與盤狀彈簧堆疊體215可透過黏著劑或機械扣合件的使用而壓裝(press-fit)到承座213內或以其他方式扣入承座213內。螺樁205與盤狀彈簧堆疊體215被配置到承座213內,以使電極201與支撐板203之間可存在限量的橫向移動。有限橫向移動的量可提供電極201與支撐板203之間的緊密安裝,如此而確保良好的熱接觸,同時仍可在兩零件間之熱膨脹差異時,提供某些移動。以下,將更詳細討論有限橫向移動特徵的額外細節。
在一具體示範實施例中,承座213係由軸承等級的Torlon®所製造。或者,承座213可由具有某種機械特性的其他材料所製造,例如良好的強度與耐衝擊性、潛變抵抗性(creep resistance)、尺寸安定性、輻射抵抗性、以及耐化學性均可使用。例如聚醯胺、聚醯亞胺、縮醛、以及超高分子量聚乙烯材料的各種材料皆可適用。因為在應用(例如蝕刻室)上典型的最高溫度為230℃,因此不需高溫專用塑膠以及其他相關材料來形成承座213。一般而言,典型操作溫度係較接近於130℃。
凸輪鎖的其他部分係由凸輪軸207所構成,此凸輪軸的每一末端被一對凸輪軸軸承209所圍繞。凸輪軸207以及凸輪軸軸承組件被安裝到在支撐板203內所加工而成的支撐板鑽孔211內。在為了300mm半導體晶圓所設計之蝕刻室的一典型應用中,8個以上的凸輪鎖可圍繞電極201/支撐板203之組合的周緣而間隔裝設。
凸輪軸軸承209可由種種材料加工而成,其包含Torlon®、Vespel®、Celcon®、Delrin®、Teflon®、Arlon®、或例如具有低摩擦係數以及低微粒脫離(particle shedding)之氟聚合物、縮醛、聚醯胺、聚醯亞胺、聚四氟乙烯、以及聚醚醚酮(PEEK,polyetheretherketones)的其他材料。螺樁205以及凸輪軸207可由
不銹鋼(例如316、316L、17-7等等)或任何能提供良好強度與耐蝕性的其他材料加工而成。
以下參考圖2B,凸輪鎖的橫剖面圖進一步例示如何操作凸輪鎖而將電極201拉近支撐板203。螺樁205/盤狀彈簧堆疊體215/承座213組件被安裝到電極201內。如同顯示,此組件可藉由承座213上的外螺紋而旋入位於電極201的螺紋凹穴內。然而,吾人可藉由黏著劑或其他種類的機械扣合件來安裝此承座。
在圖3中,具有擴大頭部之螺樁205、盤狀彈簧堆疊體215、以及承座213的側視與組裝視圖300可對凸輪鎖的示範設計提供額外的細節。在一具體示範實施例中,螺樁/盤狀彈簧組件301被壓裝到承座213內。承座213具有外螺紋以及六邊形頂部件,而允許以少量扭矩(例如在一具體示範實施例中,約20吋-磅)即可輕易插入電極201(參見圖2A與2B)。如上所述,承座213可由各種塑膠加工而成。使用塑膠可將微粒產生降至最低並且可允許承座213以無磨損(gall-free)方式安裝到位於電極201上的配合凹穴內。
螺樁/承座組件303顯示承座213之頂部的內徑係大於螺樁205之中間部分的外徑。兩部分之間的直徑差可在如上所述之組裝凸輪鎖中提供受限的橫向移動。在承座213的底部,螺樁/盤狀彈簧組件301係與承座213維持牢固的接觸,而直徑差可允許某些橫向移動(亦可參見圖2B)。
參考圖4A,凸輪軸207與凸輪軸軸承209的分解視圖400亦顯示鍵銷(keying pin)401。具有鍵銷401之凸輪軸207的末端首先插入支撐板鑽孔211內(參見圖2B)。位於支撐板鑽孔211遠端的一對微小配合孔洞(未圖示)可提供凸輪軸207與支撐板鑽孔211的適當對正。凸輪軸207的側視圖420清楚顯示位於凸輪軸207之一末端上之六邊形開口403與位於相對末端上之鍵銷401的可能配置。
例如,繼續參考圖4A與2B,吾人可藉由將凸輪軸207插入支撐板鑽孔211而組裝凸輪鎖。鍵銷401可藉由與該對微小配合孔洞的其中之一接合而限制凸輪軸207在支撐板鑽孔211內的轉
動距離。此凸輪軸可透過六邊形開口403的使用而首先以例如逆時針方式轉向一方向,而允許螺樁205進入凸輪軸207內,然後以順時針方式與螺樁205完全嚙合並加以鎖定。將電極201固定於支撐板203所需的夾固力量可藉由將盤狀彈簧堆疊體215壓縮超出其自由堆疊高度而供應。凸輪軸207具有內偏心切除部分(cutout),其可與螺樁205的擴大頭部嚙合。當盤狀彈簧堆疊體215進行壓縮時,夾固力量可從盤狀彈簧堆疊體215中的個別彈簧傳送到承座213,並且透過電極201而傳送到支撐板203。
在一示範操作模式中,一旦凸輪軸軸承接附於凸輪軸207並且插入支撐板鑽孔211之後,凸輪軸207可被逆時針轉動至其最大轉動距離。於是螺樁/承座組件303(圖3)可被輕輕地扭入電極201內。然後將螺樁205的頭部插入位於水平延伸支撐板鑽孔211下方的垂直延伸穿孔內。電極201係抵靠著支撐板203而固定,凸輪軸207則順時針轉動直到鍵銷落入兩微小配合孔洞(未圖示)中的第二個內或聽到聲響(以下將詳加說明)為止。此示範操作模式可反向從支撐板203卸除電極201。然而,在凸輪鎖中,例如聲響的特徵係可選的。
參考圖4B,其為圖4A之凸輪軸207之側視圖420中沿著A-A線進行剖面所顯示之剖面視圖,顯示出切削路徑邊緣(cutter path edge)440,藉由此切削路徑邊緣,螺樁205的頭部可被完全固定。在一具體示範實施例中,選擇兩個半徑R1與R2,俾使螺樁205的頭部發出上述可選的聲響音,以表示螺樁205完全被固定。
圖5顯示用於電容耦合電漿室的上部電極組件500,其包含下列特徵:(a)非接合凸輪鎖定式電極502;(b)支撐板506;以及(c)保護環508,其提供將此電極固定於支撐板506的凸輪鎖存取方式。
電極組件500包含熱控制板510,其係從腔室外部用螺栓固定至腔室的溫度控制頂壁512。電極502係以可卸除方式藉由上述參考圖2-4的凸輪鎖514,而從腔室內部接附於支撐板。
在一較佳實施例中,電極組件500的電極502可藉由下列步
驟加以拆卸:(a)將保護環508轉動至第一位置,以使保護環的四個孔洞與位在支撐板之外側部分的間隔位置上的四個凸輪鎖514進行對正;(b)插入例如六角扳手(allen wrench)的工具而使其穿過保護環的每一個孔洞,並且轉動每一個凸輪鎖,以卸除各凸輪鎖的垂直延伸鎖定銷;(c)將保護環轉動90°而使其到達第二位置,以使保護環的四個孔洞與另外四個凸輪鎖進行對正;以及(d)插入例如六角扳手的工具而使其穿過保護環的每一個孔洞,並且轉動每一個凸輪鎖,以卸除各凸輪鎖的鎖定銷;藉以降下電極502並從電漿室將其加以移除。
圖5亦顯示其中一凸輪鎖的橫剖面圖,於其中可轉動式凸輪鎖514係位於支撐板506之外側部分的水平延伸鑽孔560內。圓柱形凸輪鎖514可藉由例如六角扳手的工具而轉動至:(a)一鎖定位置,於此位置上,鎖定銷562的擴大端可與凸輪鎖514的凸輪表面嚙合,此凸輪表面可提起鎖定銷的擴大端;或(b)一卸除位置,於此位置上,鎖定銷562不與凸輪鎖514的擴大端嚙合。支撐板包含位於其底面的垂直延伸鑽孔,透過這些鑽孔,鎖定銷可被插入而與凸輪鎖嚙合。
圖6A-B顯示電極502的細節。電極502較佳為高純度(小於10ppm雜質)、低電阻係數(0.005到0.02歐姆-cm)的單晶矽板件,在其頂面(安裝表面)522具有用以容納對準銷524的對準銷孔520。氣體孔洞528從頂面延伸至底面(電漿曝露表面)530,並且可排列成任何適當的圖案。在所示之實施例中,這些氣體孔洞被排列成13個周向延伸(circumferentially extending)列,而在第一列中的3個氣體孔洞係距離此電極之中心約0.5吋,在第二列中的13個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約1.4吋,在第三列中的23個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約2.5吋,在第四列中的25個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約3.9吋,在第五列中的29個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約4.6吋,在第六列中的34個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約5.4吋,在第七列中的39個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約6吋,在第八列中的50個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約7.5吋,在第九列中的52個氣體孔洞係距離
此中心約8.2吋,在第十列中的53個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約9吋,在第十一列中的57個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約10.3吋,在第十二列中的59個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約10.9吋,以及在第十三列中的63個氣體孔洞係距離此中心約11.4吋。
此電極的頂面包含9個對準銷孔,其中3個銷孔係靠近此中心,3個銷孔係位於環狀凹部的內部,而另外3個銷孔係位於靠近電極之外側部分的環狀凹部內。此3個中央銷孔係呈徑向對正,並且包含位於內電極之中心的1個銷孔以及位於第三與第四列氣體孔洞之間的2個銷孔。靠近環狀凹部的中間銷孔包含與中央銷孔徑向對正的1個銷孔以及其他2個以相隔120°的銷孔。外側的3個銷孔以120°在鄰接凹穴之間的位置上隔開。
圖6A係一立體前視圖,其顯示具有13列氣體孔洞之電極502的電漿曝露表面530。圖6B顯示具有13列氣體孔洞之頂面的立體圖。
電極502包含:外側台階(突出部分)536,其用以支撐保護環508;頂面(安裝表面)522,其與支撐板506的底表面嚙合;底面(電漿曝露階狀表面)530,其包含內傾斜表面544、水平表面546、以及外傾斜表面548;以及位於頂面522的8個凹穴550,於其中可安裝鎖定銷。
圖7係支撐板506的立體圖。此支撐板包含13列氣體通道584,這些氣體通道與位在噴淋頭電極502的氣體孔洞528對正。支撐板的頂面586包含3個環狀區域588a、588b、588c,這些環狀區域與熱控制板510的環狀凸部接觸。如共同讓與之美國專利公開案第2005/0133160號、第2007/0068629號、第2007/0187038號、第2008/0087641號以及第2008/0090417號所揭露,此熱控制板可藉由延伸穿過頂壁而進入熱控制板的扣合件,進而接附於電漿室的頂壁,上述公開專利案的整體揭露內容皆合併於此。螺紋開口590係位於頂面586的外周緣以及環狀區域588a、588b、588c內,以容納延伸穿過頂壁512與熱控制板510之開口的扣合件,而使支撐板506與熱控制板510保持接觸。例如,參見共同讓與
之美國專利公開案第2008/0087641號,其揭露可用以提供熱循環的扣合件。位於頂面586的溝槽592可容納O型環,此O型環可在支撐板506與熱控制板510之間提供氣體密封。位於頂面586的對準銷鑽孔594可容納對準銷,這些對準銷可安裝到位在熱控制板的對準銷鑽孔內。位在介於鑽孔560之間的水平延伸螺紋開口561可容納介電扣合件,這些介電扣合件在噴淋頭電極組裝之後可用以防止保護環轉動並將位於保護環的存取鑽孔(access bores)插入。
圖8係已移除保護環後之噴淋頭電極組件500的立體圖。如上所述,保護環可轉動至一個以上的組裝位置,在這些組裝位置上,凸輪鎖可被嚙合並且轉動至鎖定位置,在此鎖定位置上,介電扣合件可插入開口561,而使保護環維持不與支撐板的外周緣接觸,因此允許支撐板的熱膨脹。熱控制板包含具有開口596的凸緣595,透過此凸緣,執行機構可支撐電漿約束環。電漿約束環組件之安裝裝置的細節可參考共同讓與之美國專利公開案第2006/0207502號以及第2006/0283552號,上述專利公開案的整體揭露內容皆合併於此。
因為8個鎖定銷所施加的夾固力量,所以電極的安裝表面522可鄰接支撐板506的相對表面,這些鎖定銷係由位在支撐板的8個凸輪鎖加以固定。保護環508可覆蓋位於支撐板506的安裝孔,而位於保護環的存取開口可填塞由耐電漿聚合物材料所製成的可移除式插入件,此材料例如為Torlon®、Vespel®、Celcon®、Delrin®、Teflon®、Arlon®、或例如具有低摩擦係數以及低微粒脫離之氟聚合物、縮醛、聚醯胺、聚醯亞胺、聚四氟乙烯、以及聚醚醚酮(PEEK)的其他材料。
參考圖5,支撐板506與電極502之間的電接點可藉由位在電極之外周緣以及位在中央對準銷與外側Q-襯墊間之一處以上位置的一個以上Q-襯墊556加以提供。例如,吾人可使用具有約4與12吋之直徑的Q-襯墊。共同擁有之美國專利申請案第11/896,375號(申請於2007年8月31日)包含Q-襯墊的細節,其揭露內容藉
由參考文獻方式合併於此。為了提供不同的處理氣體混合物及/或流率,吾人可將一個以上的可選氣體隔板密封件設置在中心對準銷與外側Q-襯墊之間。例如,在電極502與支撐板506之間,單個Q型環可設置在位於內側與外側Q-襯墊之間的一位置上,以隔開內側氣體分配區與外側氣體分配區。位於電極502與支撐板506之間沿著外側Q-襯墊之內周緣的O型環558,可在電極與支撐板之間提供氣體與微粒密封。
雖然本發明已參考其具體實施例而進行詳細說明,但熟習本項技藝者可明白在不離開隨附請求項之範圍的情況下,當可進行各種變化與修改,並且可使用等效替代。
100‧‧‧噴淋頭電極組件
102‧‧‧熱控制板
102a‧‧‧環狀凸部
102b‧‧‧氣體充氣部
104‧‧‧頂板
106‧‧‧氣體排放通道
108‧‧‧氣體通道
110‧‧‧階狀電極
140‧‧‧支撐板
170‧‧‧保護環
180‧‧‧電漿約束組件
184‧‧‧彎曲部分
190‧‧‧約束環
201‧‧‧電極
203‧‧‧支撐板
205‧‧‧螺樁
207‧‧‧凸輪軸
209‧‧‧凸輪軸軸承
211‧‧‧支撐板鑽孔
213‧‧‧承座
215‧‧‧盤狀彈簧堆疊體
300‧‧‧側視與組裝視圖
301‧‧‧螺樁/盤狀彈簧組件
303‧‧‧螺樁/承座組件
400‧‧‧分解視圖
401‧‧‧鍵銷
403‧‧‧六邊形開口
420‧‧‧側視圖
440‧‧‧切削路徑邊緣
500‧‧‧上部電極組件
502‧‧‧電極
506‧‧‧支撐板
508‧‧‧保護環
510‧‧‧熱控制板
512‧‧‧溫度控制頂壁
514‧‧‧凸輪鎖
520‧‧‧對準銷孔
522‧‧‧頂面
524‧‧‧對準銷
528‧‧‧氣體孔洞
530‧‧‧底面
536‧‧‧外側台階
544‧‧‧內傾斜表面
546‧‧‧水平表面
548‧‧‧外傾斜表面
550‧‧‧凹穴
556‧‧‧Q-襯墊
558‧‧‧O型環
560‧‧‧鑽孔
561‧‧‧水平延伸螺紋開口
562‧‧‧鎖定銷
584‧‧‧氣體通道
586‧‧‧支撐板頂面
588a‧‧‧環狀區域
588b‧‧‧環狀區域
588c‧‧‧環狀區域
590‧‧‧螺紋開口
592‧‧‧溝槽
594‧‧‧對準銷鑽孔
595‧‧‧凸緣
596‧‧‧開口
圖1顯示具有保護環之噴淋頭電極組件的橫剖面圖,此電極組件可形成用以蝕刻基板之電容耦合電漿反應器的上部電極;圖2A係一示範凸輪鎖的3D立體圖,此凸輪鎖用以夾固位於圖1所示之反應器內的階狀電極;圖2B係圖2A之示範凸輪鎖的橫剖面圖;圖3顯示一示範鎖定銷的側視與組裝圖,此鎖定銷用於圖2A與2B的凸輪鎖;圖4A顯示一示範凸輪軸的側視與組裝圖,此凸輪軸用於圖2A與2B的凸輪鎖;圖4B顯示圖4A之一部分凸輪軸之示範切削路徑邊緣的橫剖面圖;圖5顯示一噴淋頭電極組件,其具有階狀電極、支撐板、熱控制板、保護環以及頂板;圖6A與6B係階狀電極的立體圖;圖7係支撐板的立體圖;及圖8係不具有保護環之噴淋頭電極組件的立體圖。
100‧‧‧噴淋頭電極組件
102‧‧‧熱控制板
102a‧‧‧環狀凸部
102b‧‧‧氣體充氣部
104‧‧‧頂板
106‧‧‧氣體排放通道
108‧‧‧氣體通道
110‧‧‧階狀電極
140‧‧‧支撐板
170‧‧‧保護環
180‧‧‧電漿約束組件
184‧‧‧彎曲部分
190‧‧‧約束環
Claims (12)
- 一種用於電漿反應室的單體噴淋頭電極,該單體噴淋頭電極包含:一中央部分與一周緣部分,由該單體噴淋頭電極的頂、底面所界定,該頂面包含延伸橫越該中央部分的一平面,該底面係由延伸橫越該中央部分的一內平面以及延伸橫越該周緣部分的一階狀外部表面所界定,該階狀外部表面包含一環狀平面,該環狀平面用以界定該單體噴淋頭電極的一增厚區域;複數氣體出口,其位於該單體噴淋頭電極之該中央部分,透過該氣體出口,處理氣體能夠被輸送至位於該單體噴淋頭電極與於其上支撐一晶圓之一下部電極之間的一間隙;複數周向間隔凹穴,其位於該周緣部分中之該頂面,該凹穴用以至少部份地將凸輪鎖之鎖定銷容納於其內,其中該鎖定銷用以配合該凸輪鎖之可轉動式凸輪軸而將該單體噴淋頭電極夾固於一支撐板。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用於電漿反應室的單體噴淋頭電極,更包含位於該頂面的對準銷鑽孔,該對準銷鑽孔用以與延伸到該支撐板內的對準銷對正。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之用於電漿反應室的單體噴淋頭電極,其中該單體噴淋頭電極的頂面包含位於其外緣的一環狀突出部分,該突出部分用以支撐一保護環,以使該保護環的外表面緊接該單體噴淋頭電極的外表面。
- 一種電極組件,包含:如申請專利範圍第1項所述之單體噴淋頭電極;一支撐板,包含與位在該單體噴淋頭電極之該凹穴對正的軸向延伸鑽孔以及與該軸向延伸鑽孔相連通的徑向延伸鑽孔;該可轉動式凸輪軸,安裝在該徑向延伸鑽孔內; 該鎖定銷,至少部分地位於該單體噴淋頭電極的該凹穴內,該鎖定銷包含位於其自由端的擴大頭部,該凸輪軸包含用以嚙合並鎖定該鎖定銷之頭部的切除部分,俾能將該單體噴淋頭電極機械式地夾固於該支撐板。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之電極組件,其中該單體噴淋頭電極係由多晶矽、單晶矽、碳化矽、鋁、經過陽極處理的鋁或塗佈氧化釔的鋁所製成的一板件;而該支撐板係由鋁所製成的一板件。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之電極組件,更包含接附於該支撐板的一熱控制板,該熱控制板具有位於其底表面上的環狀凸部,該環狀凸部用以界定與該支撐板之氣體通道相連通的氣體充氣部。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之電極組件,更包含位於該支撐板與該單體噴淋頭電極之間的一氣體密封件,其中該支撐板具有延伸通過其中的氣體通道,且該氣體密封件係位於該支撐板之該氣體通道的外部。
- 一種在電漿室內處理半導體基板的方法,包含下列步驟:將一半導體基板支撐在一腔室內的一下部電極上;將處理氣體供應至該腔室;在一上部電極的曝露表面附近形成電漿;及以該電漿處理該半導體基板;其中該上部電極包含一單體噴淋頭電極,該單體噴淋頭電極包含:一中央部分與一周緣部分,由該單體噴淋頭電極的頂、底面所界定,該頂面包含延伸橫越該中央部分的一平面,該底面係由延伸橫越該中央部分的一內平面以及延伸橫越該周緣部分的一階狀外部表面所界定,該階狀外部表面包含一環狀平面,該環狀平面用以界定該單體噴淋頭電極的一增厚區域;複數氣體出口,其位於該單體噴淋頭電極之該中央部分,透 過該氣體出口,處理氣體能夠被輸送至位於該單體噴淋頭電極與於其上支撐一晶圓之該下部電極之間的一間隙;複數周向間隔凹穴,其位於該周緣部分中之該頂面,該凹穴用以至少部份地將凸輪鎖之鎖定銷容納於其內,其中該鎖定銷用以配合該凸輪鎖之可轉動式凸輪軸而將該單體噴淋頭電極夾固於一支撐板。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之在電漿室內處理半導體基板的方法,其中該單體噴淋頭電極的溫度係藉由該腔室的一溫度控制頂壁、一熱控制板以及一支撐板而加以控制,該熱控制板包含用以在該熱控制板與該支撐板之間形成充氣部的環狀凸部,該充氣部係與位在該支撐板的氣體通道流體相連通,而該支撐板的氣體通道係與位在該單體噴淋頭電極的該氣體出口對正,該支撐板在該單體噴淋頭電極與該熱控制板之間提供一熱路徑。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之在電漿室內處理半導體基板的方法,其中該半導體基板包含一半導體晶圓,而該處理步驟包含以該電漿蝕刻該半導體晶圓。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之在電漿室內處理半導體基板的方法,更包含將該單體噴淋頭電極以及該支撐板加熱到會引起該單體噴淋頭電極與該支撐板產生不同熱膨脹的升高溫度,並且藉由移動位於該單體噴淋頭電極之凹穴中的鎖定銷而適應該熱膨脹。
- 一種電極組件之單體噴淋頭電極的更換方法,該電極組件包含:一單體噴淋頭電極,包含:一中央部分與一周緣部分,由該單體噴淋頭電極的頂、底面所界定,該頂面包含延伸橫越該中央部分的一平面,該底面係由延伸橫越該中央部分的一內平面以及延伸橫越該周緣部分的一階狀外部表面所界定,該階狀外部表面包含一環狀平 面,該環狀平面用以界定該單體噴淋頭電極的一增厚區域;複數氣體出口,其位於該單體噴淋頭電極之該中央部分,透過該氣體出口,處理氣體能夠被輸送至位於該單體噴淋頭電極與於其上支撐一晶圓之一下部電極之間的一間隙;複數周向間隔凹穴,其位於該周緣部分中之該頂面,該凹穴用以至少部份地將凸輪鎖之鎖定銷容納於其內,其中該鎖定銷用以配合該凸輪鎖之可轉動式凸輪軸而將該單體噴淋頭電極夾固於一支撐板;一支撐板,包含與位在該單體噴淋頭電極之凹穴對正的軸向延伸鑽孔以及與該軸向延伸鑽孔相連通的徑向延伸鑽孔;該可轉動式凸輪軸,安裝在該徑向延伸鑽孔內;該鎖定銷,至少部分地位於該單體噴淋頭電極的凹穴內,該鎖定銷包含位於其自由端的擴大頭部,該可轉動式凸輪軸包含用以嚙合並鎖定該鎖定銷之頭部的切除部分,俾能將該單體噴淋頭電極機械式地夾固於該支撐板;其中該方法包含下列步驟:藉由轉動該可轉動式凸輪軸卸除該凸輪鎖,以使該鎖定銷從該可轉動式凸輪軸脫離;移除該單體噴淋頭電極;使一新或整修過之噴淋頭電極的鎖定銷與位在該支撐板的軸向延伸鑽孔對正;及轉動該可轉動式凸輪軸,以使該鎖定銷的頭部嚙合於該可轉動式凸輪軸之切除部分。
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US20130337654A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
TW201016079A (en) | 2010-04-16 |
US20100003829A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
CN102037790B (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
KR20100118997A (ko) | 2010-11-08 |
WO2010005540A2 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
US20120258603A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
JP5409778B2 (ja) | 2014-02-05 |
WO2010005540A4 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
US8221582B2 (en) | 2012-07-17 |
CN102037790A (zh) | 2011-04-27 |
US8414719B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
MY159992A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
JP2011521472A (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
EP2301308A2 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
KR101183509B1 (ko) | 2012-09-21 |
WO2010005540A3 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
EP2301308B1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
EP2301308A4 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
US8796153B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
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