TWI534014B - 噴墨列印系統及製備列印頭系統的方法 - Google Patents
噴墨列印系統及製備列印頭系統的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI534014B TWI534014B TW099121284A TW99121284A TWI534014B TW I534014 B TWI534014 B TW I534014B TW 099121284 A TW099121284 A TW 099121284A TW 99121284 A TW99121284 A TW 99121284A TW I534014 B TWI534014 B TW I534014B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- ink
- printing system
- inkjet printing
- barrier layer
- orifice plate
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical group [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LHIXXJQBPUXRLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroundecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(Cl)CC1=CC=CC=C1 LHIXXJQBPUXRLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AAMHBRRZYSORSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octyloxirane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1CO1 AAMHBRRZYSORSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FYDNFZPPZJDFRY-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+);2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Cr+3].CC(=C)C([O-])=O.CC(=C)C([O-])=O.CC(=C)C([O-])=O FYDNFZPPZJDFRY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GTBGXKPAKVYEKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- IYMSIPPWHNIMGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N silylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)N[SiH3] IYMSIPPWHNIMGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 103
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
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- B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
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- B41J2/01—Ink jet
- B41J2/17—Ink jet characterised by ink handling
- B41J2/175—Ink supply systems ; Circuit parts therefor
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- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
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- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
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- B41J2/14072—Electrical connections, e.g. details on electrodes, connecting the chip to the outside...
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- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
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- B41J2/14016—Structure of bubble jet print heads
- B41J2/14088—Structure of heating means
- B41J2/14112—Resistive element
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- B41J2/135—Nozzles
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- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
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- B41J2/1642—Manufacturing processes thin film formation thin film formation by CVD [chemical vapor deposition]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B41J2/01—Ink jet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
- B41J2/315—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material
- B41J2/32—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads
- B41J2/345—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material using thermal heads characterised by the arrangement of resistors or conductors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
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- B41J2/01—Ink jet
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- B41J2/14—Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads
- B41J2002/14387—Front shooter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
- B41J2202/00—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet or thermal heads
- B41J2202/01—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads
- B41J2202/11—Embodiments of or processes related to ink-jet heads characterised by specific geometrical characteristics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49401—Fluid pattern dispersing device making, e.g., ink jet
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- Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
Description
本發明大體上係關於一種熱噴墨列印頭。更特定而言,本發明關於一種具有有機溶劑抗性的熱噴墨列印頭。
一種用於將一熱噴墨列印頭及其電組件互連至一列印系統控制器的習知結構係卷帶式自動接合(TAB)互連電路。用於熱噴墨列印頭的TAB互連電路被揭示於美國專利第4,989,347號、第4,944,850號及第5,748,209號中。一TAB電路可利用一用於支撐一諸如鍍金銅之金屬導體的撓性聚醯亞胺基板製成。諸如「雙層製程」或「三層製程」的熟知製造方法可被用於為該TAB導體電路創建包含裝置窗、接觸墊片及內引線的組件。此外,一模切絕緣膜被施加於該TAB電路之導體側一邊以將該等接觸墊片及跡線絕緣於該TAB所固定於上的墨匣外殼。
該列印頭以隔開於該等接觸墊片的關係固定至該TAB電路,且該等跡線在該等接觸墊片及該等列印頭電組件之間提供一電連接。當包含該列印頭的TAB電路被固定至一噴墨墨匣時,該TAB電路之列印頭部被固定至與一墨源流體連通的墨匣之一側。具有接觸墊片的TAB之此部份被固定至該墨匣外盒之一相鄰側,該相鄰側一般垂直於該墨匣外盒之附接有該列印頭之一側而配置。該等接觸墊片被定位於該墨匣外殼上以便與該列印系統上的電引線對準,藉此將該列印頭與一列印系統控制器互連以執行列印命令。
一種具代表性之熱噴墨列印頭基本上係一具有諸如若干電阻加熱器及若干對應電晶體之一陣列的薄膜結構之矽晶片/基板,該等電晶體切換至該等加熱器之電力脈衝。該列印頭亦包含其他組件,例如一提供列印頭特性之編碼資訊的識別電路及一對該等加熱器之加熱進行多工處理的靜電放電組件或電子邏輯器。在形成該晶片上之該等薄膜結構及電路後,一墨阻障層被形成於該等薄膜結構之上並被蝕刻,或者以其他方式被處理以便創建複數個墨流動通道及噴墨室。熟知的墨流動通道及噴墨室構造被揭示於美國專利第4,794,410及4,882,595號中。此外,一墨槽藉由使用諸如噴砂之熟知切削技術切削一經由該列印頭之中部的槽而形成。此槽完成一墨流動網路並使該列印頭與一墨源流體連通。
一具有複數個小孔的小孔板被接合至該墨阻障層,藉此各個小孔與一對應的噴墨室對準;且,各個噴墨室具有一相關聯的加熱器及電晶體。當電力脈衝根據列印命令而被傳送至該列印頭時,該等電阻加熱器加熱該噴墨室中之墨以便在該噴墨室中產生一個或多個壓力氣泡,該等氣泡迫使墨以小滴之形式經由分別的小孔噴射至一列印媒介上。
該等電阻加熱器及該小孔板中的對應小孔依據於該列印頭之定向而被配置於至少兩個行或列中。一單一列中的加熱器及噴嘴相對於彼此偏移,且該等行之各者相對於彼此垂直或水平地偏移。此類型的加熱器及噴嘴配置被用於最小化一行中加熱器之間的串擾,其可引起墨滴之不加熱。
多工裝置電路已被提供以控制加熱時間使得一行中的相鄰加熱器不被同時加熱以最小化被加熱之加熱器之間的串擾。多工技術亦可減少一電路中之信號線的數量及完成該等電路所需之面積,歸因於一撓性電路上之其他電組件之擁擠,該面積成為一種額外優點。
一種噴墨列印系統之實施例包括與一墨貯存器流體連通的一列印頭。該列印頭包含複數個噴嘴及複數個相關聯的噴墨室,該等噴墨室之各者與複數個控制一對應加熱器之電晶體驅動器之分別一者相關聯。回應於列印命令信號,該加熱器被啟動並經由該等噴嘴從該噴墨室噴出墨滴至一列印媒介。與該列印頭電連通的一控制器產生識別待啟動之電晶體驅動器及加熱器的列印命令信號及一相對於彼此啟動該等電晶體驅動器及加熱器的序列以便完成一列印操作。
在一實施例中,一種噴墨列印系統包含一列印頭,該列印頭與一墨貯存器流體連通並具有複數個小孔以及複數個對應的相關聯噴墨室。該列印頭包含一基板及配置於該基板上的一阻障層。該阻障層部份地界定複數個流體通道及該複數個噴墨室。該阻障層包含選自環氧基光阻材料及甲基丙烯酸甲酯基光阻材料的一材料。一小孔板被配置於該基板之上。該小孔板包含與該等噴墨室流體連通的該複數個小孔。該小孔板包括選自聚醯亞胺及鎳的一材料。
該列印頭可被固定至一卷帶式自動接合(TAB)撓性電路
之一末端,該電路上具有在該列印頭之一末稍端電互連件。在一實施例中,該TAB撓性電路被安裝於一噴墨列印墨匣之一吻狀凸起,且該電連接件以相對於該列印頭成銳角的角度配置。
現在將詳細參考與本發明一致的該等實施例,其實例被展示於所附之圖式中。只要可能,相同的元件標號將被使用於該等圖式中並指示相同或相似之部件。雖然本發明參考一種熱噴墨列印機而被描述於下,但本發明不限於此並可被合併於使用諸如壓電式換能器之其他技術以噴墨的其他列印系統中。使用於此之術語「噴嘴」意為形成於一列印頭蓋板中的小孔,墨可經由其被噴出,並且/或亦包含此等小孔及該列印頭之其他組件,例如一噴墨室,墨可從其噴出。此外,所描述之系統及用於一噴墨列印系統的方法不限於具有一安裝於一墨匣外殼上之列印頭總成的應用,該墨匣可為或不為拋棄式墨匣。本發明可用於永久安裝於列印系統中的列印頭,且一墨源視需要而被提供以列印。因此術語「墨匣」可僅包含一永久安裝之列印頭及/或該列印頭及該墨源之組合。
本發明係關於一種由向溶劑型墨提供抗性之材料構成的熱噴墨列印頭。特定而言,該等列印頭組件包含材料及表面處理,其提供一種在向強溶劑暴露若干月或年時不會產生明顯溶解、分層、縮脹或者扭曲的列印頭總成。特定而言,該系統較佳能夠貯存一有機溶劑型墨達至少六個月之
一週期,較佳的係至少12個月,同時維持該列印系統之完整功能。該系統亦較佳能夠列印一有機溶劑型墨供至少三個月之一週期的使用,同時維持完整功能。較佳的係一有機溶劑型墨的使用不會引起該等列印頭材料在材質上影響該系統在所規定之時間週期內之效能之任何溶解、分層、縮小或膨脹。經考量可用於該列印系統的有機溶劑包含酮,尤其係甲基乙基酮、丙酮及環己酮;醇,尤其係乙醇;酯;醚;極性非質子溶劑,以及其組合。
該熱噴墨列印頭可包含一卷帶式自動接合(TAB)撓性電路。參考圖1,其展示一TAB撓性電路10,該電路包含在該撓性電路10之一末端上的一列印頭11及用於與一列印系統電連接的一末稍端電互連件12。較佳的係包含該列印頭11及電互連件12的TAB撓性電路10被安裝至一噴墨墨匣13,如圖2及圖3所示。該墨匣13包含一吻狀凸起部14A,該列印頭11及電互連件12被安裝於該吻狀凸起部14A上。在圖2及圖3所示的實施例中,該吻狀凸起部14A可具有:一第一表面15,該列印頭11被固定於該第一表面15上;以及一第二表面16,該電互連件12被固定於該第二表面16上,其中電互連件12以相對於該列印頭11之一銳角配置。如下所更詳細地說明,較佳的係該TAB撓性電路10為包含一薄膜基板的一雙層系統,該薄膜基板支撐用於電連接至一列印控制器(未展示)的電接觸墊片42以及提供自該等接觸墊片42至該列印頭11之電連接的跡線47及內引線43。
參考圖4、圖5、圖6及圖7,該等圖展示該列印頭11之概
要佈局及截面圖。該列印頭11包括一矽晶片基板14,該基板14具有形成於其上的薄膜結構46,該等薄膜結構46提供電阻加熱器18及對應之NMOS驅動器19之一陣列,該等NMOS驅動器切換至該等電阻加熱器18的電力脈衝。一墨槽20居中於該列印頭11上以便從緊固於該墨匣外殼13A中之一整體墨源經由流體通道22提供墨至複數個加熱室21。如下所更詳細地描述,一墨阻障層35被形成於該等薄膜結構46上並被蝕刻以形成包含該等流體通道22及加熱室21的一流體網路。一小孔板23被接合至該墨阻障層35並包含複數個噴嘴24,其中各個噴嘴24與一加熱室21關聯以便回應於來自未展示之列印系統控制器的列印命令以小滴之形式噴墨。
參考圖4,上述該等內引線43(圖1)被連接至沿著該列印頭11之一邊緣配置的接合墊片48。此外,一識別電路49可被設置於該列印頭11上以產生關於列印頭特性的編碼資訊。此外,基板加熱器50可被提供以便在開始一列印操作之前對墨預熱。
圖8展示該列印頭11之一截面圖,並為該列印頭11之該等薄膜半導體裝置,包含該等驅動器/電晶體19及電阻加熱器18,提供更詳細地說明。該等半導體裝置及電子電路利用真空沈積技術及微影技術製造於該矽晶片基板14上。較佳的係該晶片基板14為一n型矽晶圓。包括二氧化矽的一圖案化場氧化物層25被塗布於在將被包括汲極28、源極29及閘極區域27之電晶體19所佔據之區域之外的晶片14表
面上。該層25可藉由用濕式氧化或化學汽相沈積(CVD)熱生長二氧化矽而形成。此外,一個氧化物層及若干多晶矽導體51被形成於該等電晶體19之閘極區域27之頂部。一內層電介質26被沈積於除該等電晶體19之源極29及汲極28區域之外的該基板14之所有區域之上,該電介質26包含多層氧化物膜,例如一低壓化學汽相沈積氧化物層、一化學氣相沈積氧化物層、一磷矽酸鹽玻璃層及一硼磷矽酸鹽玻璃(BPSG)層。
美國專利第5,774,148號揭示一種在一CVD氧化物之頂部具有一BPSG的內層電介質;然而,熟知的係BPSG易受熱震疲勞的影響。此外,該等處理工具及製造製程需要特別注意。在本發明之列印頭11中,一附加的氧化物層利用電漿增強或低壓化學氣相沈積製程沈積於該BPSG之頂部。此附加氧化物層與BPSG相比對熱應力更具有抗性。一相似結構被揭示於美國專利申請公開案U.S.20060238576 A1號中。
該等電阻加熱器18被製造於該等NMOS驅動器或電晶體19之頂部。該等電阻加熱器18包含一熱阻障層30、一電阻膜31、一導體膜32、一鈍化層33、一空洞保護層34及一在頂部的Au層36,形成該等接合墊片48。該阻障層30包括一沈積於該ILD層26之上的TiN膜。較佳的係該電阻層31包括一沈積於該TiN阻障層30之上的TaAl層;且較佳的係該導體32包括一沈積於該TaAl電阻膜31之上的AlCu膜。該TiN阻障層30、該電阻膜31及導體32利用濺射沈積製程沈積然
後根據列印頭11之一預定設計藉由微影蝕刻技術蝕刻。然後該等三個TiN阻障層30、TaAl電阻膜31及導體32在相同的遮罩步驟中共同被微影圖案化,因此該TiN阻障層被配置於該ILD層26及TaAl電阻膜31之間並完全在該TaAl電阻膜31之下延伸。此外,該TiN阻障層與該等電晶體19之源極27及汲極28直接接觸。
該TaAl電阻膜31相對於該等電晶體19之源極27及汲極28的配置不同於美國專利第5,122,812號所揭示之組態,其揭示一種與該等電晶體組件直接接觸的電阻膜。在本發明中,該TiN阻障膜30在該TaAl電阻膜之所有區域下延伸因此該電阻膜31不與該等電晶體19組件接觸或不沈積於其上。此外,該TiN阻障層30充當一在充當該加熱室18之加熱器的電阻膜31之下的熱震阻障層。該TiN阻障30與該電阻膜31相比具有更高的薄膜電阻以確保大部份電脈衝通過該電阻膜31。此外,該TiN阻障膜30與該ILD層26相比具有更高的導熱率;因此,該TiN阻障30為其及該電阻膜31在加熱時產生之熱充當一散熱層。
該等加熱室21被配置於其上之加熱器區域藉由利用濕式蝕刻製程局部溶解在該TaAl電阻膜31頂上的AlCu導體32而被暴露,該等蝕刻製程允許導體32在該TaAl電阻膜30之接面處漸縮,如圖8所示。較佳的係,包含一氮化矽及碳化矽層的鈍化層33藉由PECVD沈積於該導體32之頂部。然後較佳的係,包括一鉭(Ta)層的空洞層34藉由濺射沈積沈積於該鈍化層33之上。
如上述,一墨流動網路包含一墨槽20及流體通道22以便將墨從一整體源導向該等加熱室21。一墨阻障層35被形成於該等NMOS驅動器或電晶體19及電阻加熱器18之上。為用於一般使用於諸如酮,尤其係甲基乙基酮、丙酮及環己酮;醇,尤其係乙醇;酯;醚;極性非質子溶劑,以及其組合之高效能工業用墨的強有機溶劑,可使用一種環氧/酚醛基或甲基丙烯酸甲酯基負光阻劑。一環氧/酚醛基光阻劑之實例為SU-8 3000 BX,其由MicroChem公司製造。一環氧/酚醛基光阻劑之另一實例為PerMX 3000,其由DuPont公司製造。一甲基丙烯酸甲酯基光阻劑之實例為Toyko Ohka Kogyo製造的Ordyl PR100丙烯酸乾膜。該墨阻障層35被層壓於包含該等電晶體19、電阻加熱器18、流體通道22及墨槽20的整個模表面之上。一具有一包含該等流體通道22及加熱室21之墨流動網路的遮罩被提供且該光阻劑經由該遮罩向一紫外光源暴露。該輻射水平可根據用於該阻障層35的材料之類型而變化。舉例來說,用於該SU-8 3000光阻劑的輻射水平可為大約150mJ到大約250mJ。用於該PerMX 3000光阻劑的輻射水平可為大約300mJ到大約500mJ。用於PR100光阻劑的輻射水平可為大約65mJ到大約200mJ。在輻射後,該阻障層35及流體架構利用一移除未暴露之聚合物、留下理想結構的溶劑在一高壓洗滌步驟中形成。
該墨阻障層35之厚度以及該等加熱室21及流體通道22之尺寸可根據印刷要求而變化。參考圖6及7,其展示一代表
性流體通道22及具有一相似於過期美國專利第4,794,410號所揭示之組態之三壁21A組態的加熱室21。在一較佳實施例中,該等電阻加熱器18之邊緣以大約25微米或更少的距離從該等加熱室21之壁21A隔開。
圖10及11展示另一個代表性流體通道22及加熱室21。該阻障層35之架構界定將墨從該墨槽20按路線導向該加熱室21的特徵。該阻障層35之尺寸應被選擇以便實現諸如在規定噴射距離(throw distance)範圍之操作頻率及列印品質的理想操作參數。在一較佳實施例中,該小孔板23之厚度A為大約50微米;該墨阻障層35之厚度B為大約35微米;該小孔24之直徑C為大約35到45微米,較佳為38到42微米;該電阻器之長度D為大約65微米到75微米之間,較佳為68微米到73微米之間;該等流體通道22之長度E為大約30微米且寬度F為大約50微米;且該等加熱室21可為大約50微米×50微米到大約80微米×80微米。
歸因於有機溶劑型墨與水性墨相比的不同屬性,可發現一不同於用於水性墨的流體架構應被用於溶劑型墨。特定而言,溶劑型墨產生比水性墨更小的氣泡。為增大氣泡尺寸及速率,一比水性墨所使用之電阻器更大的電阻器18可被使用。特定而言,該電阻器長度與該小孔直徑之比率大於用於水性墨的比率。較佳而言,電阻器長度D與該小孔直徑C之比率在1.7到2.1之間。
應用於該基板14的前述微影步驟被使用以便在具有該墨槽20之預定尺寸的暫時光阻劑層中形成一開口,並由此暴
露該基板14。欲用於該墨槽20的暴露區域在形成該墨槽20的噴砂步驟之前除去任何膜。然後該基板14利用一X-Y掃描噴砂機一次一側地經噴砂以形成該墨槽20。此步驟不同於美國專利第6,648,732號所揭示之技術,該案揭示一程序,該程序包含複數個形成於一晶片基板上之薄膜層且該墨槽經由該墨槽區域中之該複數個薄膜層形成以便防止該噴砂程序時的碎裂。根據本發明之實施例,形成該等電阻加熱器18及電晶體19的膜從欲用於該墨槽20的區域移除,因此該晶片基板14直接暴露於該噴砂處理。
該墨槽20可利用一雙側噴砂製程形成。在該等電阻加熱器18及電晶體19如上述被形成並蝕刻後,該墨槽20經由該晶片基板14形成。一單一光敏厚膜或光阻劑被層壓於該晶圓或晶片基板17之兩側上。此製程不同於美國專利第6,757,973號所揭示之一技術,該案揭示一種合併一雙光阻劑層的技術。
該噴孔板23及噴孔24之配置參考圖5、6及7而被描述。
一具有噴孔24(亦稱為「小孔」或「噴嘴小孔」)之一陣列的聚醯亞胺噴孔板23,且如上述,利用一熱接合步驟機械或化學地接合至該墨阻障層35。該噴孔板之表面可被處理以便物理及/或化學修改此等平滑、不反應之表面,藉此增強物理接觸及化學接合。化學處理(例如苛性或氨蝕刻)藉由將該表面層化學修改為一更具反應性的功能團而發揮作用。高能表面處理用高能原子或分子衝擊該表面。化學蝕刻及高能表面處理兩者被熟知可改變該表面之化學及物
理性質。
為用於上述強有機溶劑及上述阻障層,氧電漿蝕刻聚醯亞胺材料可被使用。可被使用之聚醯亞胺之實例之商品名為Kapton®、Kaptrex及Upilex®。除了該氧電漿蝕刻之可用於聚醯亞胺膜的表面處理包含鉻原子轟擊或一苛性蝕刻。或者,鍍金鎳基小孔板可被使用。
該等噴孔24之各者與一分別的電阻加熱器18及加熱室21對準。用以形成該等加熱室21的該小孔板23至該墨阻障層35的接合不同於美國專利第5,907,333號、第6,045,214號及第6,371,600號所揭示之列印頭,該等專利案將該等流體通道及加熱室整合作為該小孔板之部份。此外,該等電阻加熱器之導體不與該小孔板整合,如美國專利第5,291,226所揭示。
該小孔板23可由一卷聚醯亞胺生膜製成,該膜卷藉由以一遮罩引導雷射切割臺傳遞該膜而以一連續方式處理以便經由該膜切割/鑽取該等噴嘴小孔24。然後該膜卷藉由通過一助黏劑浴槽而被處理。其他表面處理亦可被應用於該小孔板材料。在該膜被清理並乾燥後,自該卷衝壓出單獨的小孔板。總體而言,該小孔板材料可在該材料處於卷形式時或在該等單獨小孔板被形成後被處理。然而,較佳的係最小化在該小孔板之處理及小孔板裝配至該列印頭之間的時間週期以避免任何材料屬性之降級。
參考本發明之一實施例,在該列印頭11上的電阻加熱器18及該小孔板23上的噴嘴24之陣列包含以一大約½"之距離
橫跨在該列印頭11上的兩個列/行。依據於該列印頭11之定向,該等噴嘴24可被配置於行或列中。為描述本發明之一實施例之目的並參考圖5,該等噴嘴24被配置於兩個行51及52中。各個噴嘴24行包含64個噴嘴以提供一每英寸240點(「240dpi」)的解析度。在各個噴嘴行51及52中,連續的噴嘴24相對於彼此水平偏移。此外,如虛線36所示,行51中的噴嘴24相對於另一行52中的噴嘴24垂直偏移。在居中於該列印頭11上的一半線性英寸區域中,該等行之各者包含64個噴嘴。在該等行之各者中的噴嘴可以一1/120"的距離d1彼此垂直隔開。行51中的噴嘴24相對於該第二行52中的噴嘴24以一距離d2或1/240"之距離垂直偏移以實現一240dpi的垂直點密度。該列印頭11可產生具有用以提供一些相鄰列印點重合之體積的墨滴。舉例來說,經選擇的體積可在一列印媒介上產生直徑為大約106微米到大約150微米的墨滴,其中大約125微米到大約130微米為一在相鄰墨滴之間具有一12微米之重合的目標直徑。利用這些選定體積,在一個實施例中,任何一個噴嘴20可噴墨的最大頻率為大約7.2kHz,雖然更高的頻率亦可行。
在某些方面,該小孔板23到該墨阻障層35的裝配相似於美國專利第4,953,287號所揭示之一熱接合製程。在一第一步驟中,該小孔板23及該阻障層35被光學對準並藉由在上升溫度下在該小孔板23之各個點施加壓力而利用一熱壓縮製程被黏附到一起。這可為各個小孔板23單獨執行。該等小孔板23再次經受一熱壓縮製程,其中在上升溫度下的恆
定壓力被施加至該小孔板23之所有區域達一預定時間。此製程可在一單一步驟中執行於多個小孔板23上。該小孔板23已被緊固至該阻障層35,該整個列印頭11承受大約200℃到250℃溫度範圍的熱度大約2小時以固化該阻障層35。
助黏劑亦可用於改善該小孔板23及該阻障層35之間以及該基板14及該阻障層35之間的接合。助黏劑(亦被稱為接合劑)之使用係一種改善介面間黏接的方法。然而,具挑戰性的係為一特定應用尋找一有效的助黏劑。關鍵的阻障層/小孔板介面的表面化學特性在選擇一適當的助黏劑時被考慮。該助黏劑可被選自甲基丙烯酸矽烷、甲基丙烯酸鉻複合物、鋯鋁鹽(zircoaluminate)、胺基矽烷、巰基矽烷、氰矽烷、異氰酸基矽烷、四烷基鈦酸鹽、四烷氧基鈦酸鹽、氯苯甲基矽烷、氯化聚烯烴、二氫咪唑矽烷、丁二酸酐矽烷、乙烯矽烷、脲基矽烷(ureido silane)及環氧矽烷。
TAB 10之製造將被描述於下。該TAB 10可利用用以形成一雙層或三層撓性電路的熟知製程製造。該三層撓性電路包含一聚醯亞胺膜層37,如圖9B所示,其藉由一黏性層39層壓至一銅層38。該聚醯亞胺層37被穿孔或打孔以形成該等齒輪孔40及接觸墊片孔41。然後一微影程序被應用至該銅層38以形成一TAB導體電路,該電路包含該等接觸墊片42以創建一至一列印系統、至該等跡線47及內引線43的電連接以創建一至該列印頭11電路系統的電連接。一溶劑
抗性環氧/酚醛、聚醯亞胺或甲基丙烯酸甲酯層44可被網版印刷至該等銅層38以提供電絕緣並被保護不受化學侵襲。或者,一模切熱塑膜例如EAA膜可被使用以提供電絕緣及化學保護以及提供一用於將該TAB電路附接至該吻狀凸起的構件。在該TAB 10之聚醯亞胺層37側上的暴露銅區域利用熟知的鍍覆或電鍍製程鍍金。
對於一如圖9A所示之雙層TAB 10,一鉻黏結層利用諸如化學汽相沈積或電鍍之熟知技術沈積於該聚醯亞胺層37上。然後一銅層被電鍍於該鉻上並被圖案化蝕刻以形成一導體電路38。然後該聚醯亞胺層37在使用一微影遮罩技術後被蝕刻以建立該等接觸孔41之配置及該等內引線43之視窗。該絕緣/保護層44及鍍金被塗布如上述以完成該製程。該雙層TAB 10之一優點在於其不使用一黏性層,因為黏性層易於被有機溶劑溶解。
參考圖1,該TAB撓性電路10包含電接觸墊片42及內引線43。此外該導體電路亦包含周邊鍍銅匯流條45以及從該等接觸墊片42按線路引向該等匯流條45的電極(未展示)。在一鄰近該列印頭11的區域,該等內引線43從該等匯流條45引向該列印頭11上的接合墊片48。在一實施例中,該TAB 10為70毫米寬,因此在該TAB 10上具有充足的空間以將該等電極引向該等周邊匯流條45,其一般在TAB撓性電路之製造時完成。此導體佈局不同於美國專利第4,944,850;4,989,317;及5,748,209號所揭示的因密集導體佈局而併入橋接技術的該等佈局。
一囊封劑可被使用以保護將該TAB撓性電路10連接至該列印頭的金屬引線。一囊封劑亦可被使用以保護該TAB撓性電路10之其他區域。該囊封劑應可承受向有機溶劑暴露而不會膨脹或失去對碳化矽、金、銅及聚醯亞胺之黏性。總體而言,較佳的係該囊封材料為一快速硬化環氧基黏性系統,其被設計用於強固的化學抗性及對工程塑料及矽薄膜的黏性。Emerson & Cuming LA3032-78為一較佳囊封劑,因為在暴露於有機溶劑型墨時其展現極小的膨脹並具有對聚醯亞胺的良好黏性。亦可使用Emerson & Cuming A316-48或者GMT電子化學B-1026E。
該TAB撓性電路10可利用一諸如由3M公司生產之熱熔接合膜(3M接合膜#406)的熱熔接合膜附接至該吻狀凸起部14A。在一個實施例中,該接合膜被用於將該TAB撓性電路10上的聚醯亞胺及金屬黏接至該吻狀凸起部14A之PPS材料。該接合膜可為一單一層之乙烯丙烯酸共聚物(EAA),並亦可提供電及化學保護。直接熱熔及黏合劑之一組合亦可被使用以將該TAB撓性電路附接至該吻狀凸起部14A。
該列印頭11可利用一黏合劑附接至該墨匣外殼13A。該黏合劑應可承受暴露於有機溶劑,且如同上述囊封材料,可為被設計用於強固化學抗性及對工程塑料及矽薄膜之黏接的快速硬化環氧基黏性系統。Emerson & Cuming E-3032為一適當黏合劑。其他適當的黏合劑包含Loctite 190794、Loctite 190665及Master Bond 10HT。
雖然本發明之較佳實施例被展示及描述於此,但顯而易見的係此等實施例僅以實例之方式提供且並非限制。技術熟練者可做出多種變型、修改及替換而不脫離本發明之範圍。因此,本發明應在所附之技術方案的完整精神及範圍內解讀。
10‧‧‧卷帶式自動接合(TAB)撓性電路
11‧‧‧列印頭
12‧‧‧電連接件
13‧‧‧墨匣
13A‧‧‧墨匣外殼
14A‧‧‧吻狀凸起部
15‧‧‧第一表面
16‧‧‧第二表面
18‧‧‧電阻加熱器
19‧‧‧NMOS驅動器
20‧‧‧墨槽
21‧‧‧加熱室
22‧‧‧流體通道
23‧‧‧小孔板
24‧‧‧噴嘴
25‧‧‧場氧化物層
26‧‧‧內層電介質
27‧‧‧閘極區域
28‧‧‧汲極
29‧‧‧源極
30‧‧‧熱阻障層
31‧‧‧電阻膜
32‧‧‧導體膜
33‧‧‧鈍化層
34‧‧‧空洞保護層
35‧‧‧墨阻障層
36‧‧‧Au層
37‧‧‧聚醯亞腔膜層
38‧‧‧銅層
39‧‧‧黏性層
40‧‧‧齒輪孔
41‧‧‧墊片孔
42‧‧‧電接觸墊片
44‧‧‧甲基丙烯酸甲酯層
45‧‧‧匯流條
46‧‧‧薄膜結構
47‧‧‧跡線
48‧‧‧接合墊片
49‧‧‧識別電路
50‧‧‧基板加熱器
51‧‧‧噴嘴行
52‧‧‧噴嘴行
A‧‧‧厚度
E‧‧‧厚度
C‧‧‧直徑
D‧‧‧長度
E‧‧‧長度
F‧‧‧寬度
圖1為一卷帶式自動接合(TAB)撓性電路之一概要透視圖;圖2為一列印墨匣之一透視圖,該TAB撓性電路被安裝於其上,該透視圖展示該TAB撓性電路之一電互連;圖3為一列印墨匣之一透視圖,該TAB撓性電路被安裝於其上,該透視圖展示該TAB撓性電路之一列印頭;圖4為用於該TAB撓性電路的列印頭之一概要電路佈局;圖5為具有一墨槽、墨流動通道、噴墨室及一具有噴嘴之小孔板的列印頭之一部份立視圖;圖6為沿著圖5之直線6-6所做的列印頭之一截面圖;圖7為該列印頭之一部份透視圖;圖8為該列印頭之一立視截面概要圖,其展示該列印頭之電路組件及層;圖9A為本發明之一實施例之一電互連件之一截面圖;圖9B為本發明之另一實施例之一電互連件之一截面圖;圖10為一噴墨室之一實施例之一俯視圖;及圖11為圖10之噴墨室之一側視圖。
10‧‧‧卷帶式自動接合(TAB)撓性電路
12‧‧‧電連接件
13‧‧‧墨匣
13A‧‧‧墨匣外殼
14A‧‧‧吻狀凸起部
16‧‧‧第二表面
Claims (20)
- 一種噴墨列印系統,其包括:一列印頭,其與一墨貯存器流體連通並具有複數個小孔及對應複數個相關聯加熱室,該列印頭包括:一基板;配置於該基板上的一墨阻障層,該墨阻障層部份界定複數個流體通道及該複數個加熱室,其中該墨阻障層包括選自環氧基光阻材料及甲基丙烯酸甲酯基光阻材料的一材料;及配置於該基板之上的一小孔板,該小孔板包含與該等加熱室流體連通的該複數個小孔,其中該小孔板包括選自聚醯亞胺及鎳的一材料,且其中該小孔板之一表面已經被處理以與該墨阻障層接合;其中該系統能貯存一有機溶劑型墨達至少六個月之一週期,其中在此至少六個月之週期中的任何列印頭材料溶解、分層、縮小或膨脹不會在物質上影響該系統之列印效能。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其中該有機溶劑選自MEK、乙醇、丙酮及環己酮。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其中該小孔板表面利用選自O2電漿處理、鉻原子轟擊及苛性蝕刻的一方法處理。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其中該墨阻障層包括環氧SU-8。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其中該墨阻障層包括環氧 PerMX。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其中該墨阻障層包括Ordyl丙烯酸光阻材料。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其進一步包括配置於該墨阻障層及該小孔板之間的一助黏劑。
- 如請求項7之噴墨列印系統,其中該助黏劑包括選自甲基丙烯酸矽烷、甲基丙烯酸鉻複合物、鋯鋁鹽(zircoaluminate)、胺基矽烷、巰基矽烷、氰矽烷、異氰酸基矽烷、四烷基鈦酸鹽、四烷氧基鈦酸鹽、氯苯甲基矽烷、氯化聚烯烴、二氫咪唑矽烷、丁二酸酐矽烷、乙烯矽烷、脲基矽烷(ureido silane)及環氧矽烷的一材料。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其進一步包括配置於該墨阻障層及該基板之間的一助黏劑。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其中該列印頭利用一環氧基黏合劑安裝至一墨匣之一部份。
- 如請求項10之噴墨列印系統,其中該環氧基黏合劑為Emerson & Cuming E3032。
- 如請求項1之噴墨列印系統,其中該列印頭被配置於一墨匣上,並進一步包括配置於該墨匣上的一卷帶式自動接合撓性電路。
- 如請求項12之噴墨列印系統,其中該卷帶式自動接合撓性電路包括一聚醯亞胺基材料。
- 如請求項12之噴墨列印系統,其中該卷帶式自動接合撓性電路利用一熱塑熱熔黏合劑熱熔至該墨匣。
- 如請求項14之噴墨列印系統,其中該黏合劑選自EAA及PPS膜。
- 如請求項12之噴墨列印系統,其中該卷帶式自動接合撓性電路之至少一部份被以一電子級環氧囊封劑囊封。
- 一種製備一列印頭系統的方法,該列印頭系統包括與一墨貯存器流體連通並具有複數個小孔及對應複數個相關聯加熱室的一列印頭,該方法包括:提供一基板;在該基板上配置一光阻材料,其中該光阻材料選自環氧基光阻材料及甲基丙烯酸甲酯基光阻材料;提供一UV光源;在該UV光源及該光阻材料之間提供一遮罩;將該光阻材料暴露於該UV光源以聚合該光阻材料以便在該基板上形成一墨阻障層,該墨阻障層部份界定複數個流體通道及該複數個加熱室;及在該基板之上附接一小孔板,該小孔板包含與該等加熱室流體連通的該複數個小孔,其中該小孔板包括選自聚醯亞胺及鎳的一材料,且其中該小孔板之一表面已經被處理以與該墨阻障層接合。
- 如請求項17之方法,其進一步包括在附接該小孔板之前在該墨阻障層及該小孔板之間提供一助黏劑。
- 如請求項17之方法,其進一步包括利用一環氧基黏合劑將該列印頭安裝至一墨匣之一部份。
- 如請求項17之方法,其進一步包括利用一熱塑熱熔黏合劑將一卷帶式自動接合撓性電路熱熔至該墨匣。
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- 2010-06-28 BR BRPI1011559-5A patent/BRPI1011559B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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KR101682416B1 (ko) | 2016-12-05 |
BRPI1011559A2 (pt) | 2016-03-29 |
US20100328398A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
BRPI1011559B1 (pt) | 2020-01-07 |
CN102802958B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
EP2448760A4 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
AU2010273814B2 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
EP2448760B1 (en) | 2015-02-11 |
AU2010273814A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
JP2012532037A (ja) | 2012-12-13 |
WO2011008485A3 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
KR20120047860A (ko) | 2012-05-14 |
US8454149B2 (en) | 2013-06-04 |
SG177312A1 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
US8733900B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 |
WO2011008485A2 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
EP2448760A2 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
TW201107144A (en) | 2011-03-01 |
JP5698739B2 (ja) | 2015-04-08 |
CN102802958A (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
US20130257989A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
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