TWI516463B - Baking repair materials - Google Patents

Baking repair materials Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI516463B
TWI516463B TW097113404A TW97113404A TWI516463B TW I516463 B TWI516463 B TW I516463B TW 097113404 A TW097113404 A TW 097113404A TW 97113404 A TW97113404 A TW 97113404A TW I516463 B TWI516463 B TW I516463B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
baking
weight
heat
repairing material
iron powder
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TW097113404A
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English (en)
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TW200911726A (en
Inventor
Makoto Nanba
Hisaharu Sasaki
Kiyoyuki Komatsubara
Takaaki Koyama
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Shinagawa Refractories Co
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Publication of TW200911726A publication Critical patent/TW200911726A/zh
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Publication of TWI516463B publication Critical patent/TWI516463B/zh

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    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44Refractory linings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10Supplying or treating molten metal
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F27D1/00Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Description

烘烤修補材料
本發明係關於用以藉由熱修補各種精煉爐或容器等之烘烤修補材料。
本申請案基於2007年5月18日所申請之日本專利申請(特願2007-133444),對其全文進行引用。
另,本文所引用之參照作為全文之一部分收錄。
作為轉爐、澆桶等熔融金屬容器之熱修補方法,係將粉末狀之修補材料投入爐內後進行烘烤,除了材料之輸送與保管非常容易外,且施工非常簡便,無需如澆注修補般在施工前要進行混練步驟,只需將材料投入爐中,利用爐中餘熱烘烤即可,因此被廣泛應用。粉末狀之烘烤修補材料大體分為水系與非水系兩種,水系材料如專利文獻1中所揭示之使用含結晶水之磷酸鹽或矽酸鹽之烘烤修補材料。
使用焦油或瀝青等之非水系烘烤修補材料,已知其耐用性比水系烘烤修補材料良好,但有必須延長烘烤時間之缺點。因此,於專利文獻2中揭示了一種通過添加Mg粉末來縮短烘烤時間之方法,但Mg粉末不僅價格高使經濟性降低,且具有粉塵爆炸之高危險性,製造時對於原料處理需非常小心等問題。
另一方面,專利文獻3中揭示有添加鐵粉與Al粉末來改善非水系烘烤修補材料之接著性之技術,鐵粉具有在烘烤時沉降於材料內部,對接著面進行吸熱之作用,以改善烘 烤修補材料之接著性。但實際上,即使於烘烤時藉由冷卻效果一度接著,由於在再啟動(再加熱)爐時鐵粉會作為熔融鐵之膜存在於烘烤修補材料與爐壁之間(接著面),故會降低接著力,反而易產生剝離,無法提高耐用性。
專利文獻1:日本公開專利特開平2-26874號公報
專利文獻2:日本公開專利特開平11-240771號公報
專利文獻3:日本公開專利特開平11-278948號公報
最近之轉爐、澆桶等熔融金屬容器多於內部被覆有碳系耐火物,於此等之熱修補時從與母材之接著性之點來考慮,最好是採用藉由熱形成碳鍵之非水系材料。但,粉末狀之非水系烘烤修補材料雖然易施工,卻有投入後烘烤時間長之缺點,存在修補時間不長時就無法使用之問題。
本發明係提供一種粉末狀之非水系烘烤修補材料,其可保持施工上之簡便性,並可大幅縮短施工後之烘烤時間,且經濟性與耐用性亦優良。
即,本發明之烘烤修補材料,係藉由熱形成碳鍵之黏合劑佔5~30重量%,鐵粉佔1~未達5重量%,其餘為耐火骨材。
進而,在本發明中,相對藉由熱形成碳鍵之黏合劑1重量%,含有流動化促進劑0.1~1重量%,且藉由熱形成碳鍵之黏合劑與流動化促進劑之合計量為5~30重量%,鐵粉為 1~未達5重量%,其餘為耐火骨料之情形,可得到更良好的效果。即,為賦予流動性,宜於不助長鐵粉沉降,不阻礙其效果之範圍內添加流動化促進劑。
修補之熔融金屬容器之爐壁溫度至少在700℃以上,本發明之烘烤修補材料投入爐內時,粉粒狀之黏合劑藉由爐之餘熱而熔融,修補材料整體成為流動狀態,填充至被修補處之微細部分,同時耐火材料密填充,再因黏合劑之作用,烘烤修補材料硬化後形成碳鍵。
本發明之烘烤材料因添加有鐵粉可增加材料之熱傳導率,故藉由熱產生流動而受熱時,可使材料溫度快速上升,促進黏合劑之碳化,大幅縮短硬化時間。鐵粉在流動化時雖然因比重與耐火骨材不同而分離沉降,但因限定添加量,故可降低對接著面之不良影響。
本發明之烘烤修補材料因在烘烤時可將爐熱有效傳達至材料,故可縮短烘烤時間。另,因在加熱時亦無損接著力,故不易發生剝離非常耐用。本發明之烘烤修補材料兼具經濟性與良好修補效果,可大幅提高熔融金屬容器等爐之運轉率並延長其使用壽命。
本發明所使用之耐火骨材並無特別限定,根據被修補處所使用之母材選擇適當材料即可。比如,二氧化矽、鋯石等酸性氧化物;氧化鋁、氧化鉻等中性氧化物;氧化鎂、氧化鈣、白雲石等鹼性氧化物;碳材料、碳化矽、氮化矽 等非氧化物;各種磚屑等之1種或2種以上。此等耐火骨材宜將其粒度適當調整成粗粒、中粒、微粒,以使烘烤材料組織成為密填充組織。
本發明所使用之鐵粉中亦含有鐵合金,Fe純度並無特別限定,從經濟性觀點宜使用低價物。相對於烘烤修補材料100重量%,鐵粉之使用量為1~未達5重量%。若未達1重量%,則無法充分獲得本發明之效果(提高材料之熱傳導率),無法縮短硬化時間。而若為5重量%以上,則在流動化時鐵粉會沉降於修補面(接著面),於烘烤修補後啟動爐時生成於接著面上之熔融鐵之膜變多,易產生剝離,並不佳。另,本發明所使用之鐵粉之粒徑宜細小,若粒徑粗大則在流動化時鐵粉將易沉降,並不佳。考慮從市場購入之難易度,宜採用最大粒徑1.5mm以下之鐵粉。只要在可低價購入之範圍內粒徑為細小即可,對粒徑之下限並無特別限定。另,雖然使用作為抗氧化劑被廣泛認知之鋁及熱傳導率較高之銅等亦可提高材料之熱傳導率,但因價高而使經濟性降低,故並不佳。
其次,作為藉由熱形成碳鍵之黏合劑,可採用通常作為有機系黏合劑使用之粉粒狀瀝青或苯酚樹脂。該等形成碳鍵之黏合劑之使用量,係相對烘烤修補材料100重量%為5~30重量%,若使用量不到5重量%,則碳鍵無法充分形成,成為強度及接著性低劣之施工體,若超過30重量%,則成為氣孔率較大之施工體,耐蝕性下降。
流動化促進劑係用於促進此等黏合劑之熔融軟化後之流 動性,賦予烘烤修補材料大之修補面積與受熱面積,可從p-烷基苯酚類、內醯胺類、雙酚、聯苯、二苯胺、石蠟、蠟等中選擇1種或2種以上進行使用。
使用流動化促進劑之情形,藉由熱形成碳鍵之黏合劑與流動化促進劑之合計量係5~30重量%,且流動化促進劑相對於形成碳鍵之黏合劑1重量%為0.1~1重量%,最好是0.1~0.6重量%。若低於0.1重量%,則無法獲得促進流動之效果,若超過1重量%,則易降低烘烤修補材料受熱下之黏性,且鐵粉易沉降於修補面(接著面),故並不佳。
實施例
以下,以本發明之實施例之本發明品與比較例為例,對本發明進行具體說明,但本發明並不限定於以下本發明品。
表1係顯示本發明之烘烤修補材料之實施例及比較例。
擴展性評價:將表1所示之調配800g投入保持於1000℃之爐內之可鑄板上,熄火後從爐內取出可鑄板,測量烘烤材料所擴展直徑之平均值作為擴展性。
硬化時間評價:硬化時間係於保持於1000℃之氧化鎂磚上放置內徑53mm×高40mm之環狀金屬框,投入試料200g,測定至全體硬化所需時間。試料硬化後,立即藉由剪切接著強度測定機測定接著強度。
外觀氣孔率評價:於保持於1000℃之爐內由氧化鎂磚所包圍之區域中投入試料1kg,硬化後,測定該硬化體之外觀氣孔率。
實機試驗ch數評價:實機試驗係在內貼MgO-C質磚之300t轉爐之熱修補上使用600kg之烘烤修補材料,將烘烤修補材料之殘存面積成為修補後之20%以下之使用次數評價作為耐用性。
本發明之實施例,硬化時間短且實機試驗中亦顯示良好的耐用性。比較例1與比較例2因接著強度低、硬化體外觀氣孔率高,故未進行實機試驗。比較例3與比較例4雖然硬化時間短,但實機試驗之耐用性不良。
對本發明參照特定態樣進行了詳細說明,但熟悉此技藝之人當可明白在不脫離本發明之精神與範圍內可進行各種變更及修正。

Claims (5)

  1. 一種烘烤修補材料,其係藉由熱形成碳鍵之黏合劑佔5~30重量%,鐵粉佔1~未達5重量%,其餘為耐火骨材。
  2. 如請求項1之烘烤修補材料,其係相對於藉由熱形成碳鍵之黏合劑1重量%,流動化促進劑為0.1~1重量%,且藉由熱形成碳鍵之黏合劑與流動化促進劑之合計量為5~30重量%,鐵粉為1~未達5重量%,其餘為耐火骨材。
  3. 如請求項1或2之烘烤修補材料,其中上述黏合劑係粉粒狀瀝青或苯酚樹脂。
  4. 如請求項1或2之烘烤修補材料,其中上述鐵粉之最大粒徑係1.5mm以下。
  5. 如請求項2之烘烤修補材料,其中上述流動化促進劑係選自p-烷基苯酚類、內醯胺類、雙酚、聯苯、二苯胺、石蠟、蠟之1種或2種以上。
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