TWI487489B - 用以促進健康發展及生長之營養組成物 - Google Patents
用以促進健康發展及生長之營養組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI487489B TWI487489B TW098135795A TW98135795A TWI487489B TW I487489 B TWI487489 B TW I487489B TW 098135795 A TW098135795 A TW 098135795A TW 98135795 A TW98135795 A TW 98135795A TW I487489 B TWI487489 B TW I487489B
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- nutritional composition
- calcium
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- probiotic
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Description
本揭示內容一般係關於營養組成物的領域。更特定地,本揭示內容係關於一種與已知之組成物比較時可提供增進之消化性的營養組成物。
公認地,發育中的嬰兒需要鈣來源作為營養上完備膳食的一部份。人類母乳提供充分的鈣以提供營養需求。然而,為了提供所欲之鈣量,經常需要提供鈣的補充給予用作為嬰兒唯一營養來源之營養組成物。典型地,此鈣的補充係採用添加型乳酸鈣、硫酸鈣、氯化鈣、檸檬酸鈣、磷酸鈣、D-蔗糖酸鈣、天門冬胺酸鈣、丙酸鈣、或彼等之組合的形式。
通常前述之鈣鹽解離時可充分地提供生物可利用之鈣,但頃相信其碳水化合物部份並不具備為想要之有利的益生素效果。
此外,頃相信,存在於母乳之其他因子對發育中的身體是有益處。舉例之,在嬰兒和孩童以及成人中功能性蛋白質如β-轉化生長因子(TGF-β)在健康與發育所需的許多過程都扮演著重要任務。
更特定言之,TGF-β係多肽類家族的一般名稱,其成員具有多功能調節活性。在發育中之嬰兒、孩童、及成人的眾多過程中三種經差異性調整之哺乳動物異構重組物(名稱為TGF-β1、TGF-β2及TGF-β3)係扮演重要任務。TGF-β係為25-kDa同型二聚體細胞因子,已知可用來調節免疫系統及全身性內之多效性功能,其可在腸黏膜的數種細胞形式中表現,包括淋巴細胞、上皮細胞、巨噬細胞、及基質細胞以及T-細胞、嗜中性細胞、巨噬細胞、上皮細胞、纖維原細胞、血小板、成骨細胞、破骨細胞及其他者。再者,TGF-β存在於人類母乳中,並可影響嬰兒健康及發育的多重層面。
因此,較為有利地係提供一種營養組成物,其可提供經設計之為了促進健康發展及生長(特別是嬰兒)的營養品組合。該營養組成物所包含者與習知之鈣化合物比較時應該是能提供充分之生物可利用之鈣同時還具有更類似母乳之緩衝特性的鈣來源,及有利地益生素效果。此外,該營養組成物在動物(特別是人類嬰兒)中應該耐受得很好,且不應產生或引起過度的氣體、腹部膨脹、胃氣脹或腹瀉。
簡要地,在具體實施例中本揭示內容關於一種營養組成物,其具有脂質或脂肪、蛋白質來源、含有二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)之長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源、及補充鈣來源,當補充鈣解離時,相較於鈣之乳酸鹽、硫酸鹽、氯化物、檸檬酸鹽或蔗糖酸鹽,可提供具有益生素功能之醣類部份,同時還提供等量之鈣生物可利用率;在較佳具體實施例中,補充鈣來源包含葡糖酸鈣。在某些具體實施例中,鈣來源係單獨由葡糖酸鈣所組成。在本揭示內容之營養組成物的具體實施例中,補充鈣來源係以高至約2.5重量%之量存在。在其他具體實施例中,補充鈣來源係以高至約2.0重量%之量存在於營養組成物中。在還有的其他具體實施例中,補充鈣來源係以至少約1.0重量%之量存在。如本文中所用之“補充鈣之來源”或“補充鈣來源”一詞表示添加到營養組成物中之鹽形式的鈣來源。此一字詞並不涵蓋該營養組成物之其他組份中固有的鈣。
本揭示內容也關於一種包含下述組份之營養組成物:
a. 高至約7公克/100仟卡之脂質或脂肪,而以約3至約7公克/100仟卡之脂質或脂肪更佳;
b. 高至約5公克/100仟卡之蛋白質來源,而以約1至約5公克/100仟卡之蛋白質來源更佳;
c. 約5至約100毫克/100仟卡之含有DHA的長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源,而以約10至約50毫克/100仟卡之含有DHA的長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源更佳;及
d. 高至約2.5重量%之補充鈣來源,當補充鈣解離時,相較於鈣之乳酸鹽、硫酸鹽、氯化物、檸檬酸鹽或蔗糖酸鹽,可提供益生素功能,同時還提供等量之生物可利用率。在某些具體實施例中,該營養組成物包含約0.015至約0.1(pg/μg) ppm之TGF-β,而以約0.0225至約0.075(pg/μg) ppm之TGF-β更佳。
在又一具體實施例中,本揭示內容關於一種具有增進消化性之營養組成物,該組成物包含脂質或脂肪、蛋白質來源、含有二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源、及高至約2.5重量%之含有至少20%葡糖酸鈣的鈣來源,及隨意地TGF-β。
本發明所欲解決之技術問題係提供可輕易消化、給予生理化學益處、及/或生理學益處之新穎營養組成物。本發明之具體實施例之一中,該營養組成物包含脂質或脂肪、蛋白質來源、含有二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源、及補充鈣來源,當補充鈣解離時,可提供具有益生素功能之醣類部份。在某些具體實施例中,鈣來源包含葡糖酸鈣。更特定言之,本文所揭示之組成物包含:
a. 高至約7公克/100仟卡之脂質或脂肪,而以約3至約7公克/100仟卡之脂質或脂肪更佳;
b. 高至約5公克/100仟卡之蛋白質來源,而以約1至約5公克/100仟卡之蛋白質來源更佳;
c. 約5至約100毫克/100仟卡之含有DHA的長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源,而以約10至約50毫克/100仟卡之含有DHA的長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源更佳;
d. 高至約2.5重量%之補充鈣來源,當補充鈣解離時,可提供具有益生素功能之醣類部份;相較於鈣之乳酸鹽、硫酸鹽、氯化物、檸檬酸鹽或蔗糖酸鹽,該補充鈣來源較佳地具有等量之鈣生物可利用率,該鈣來源較有利地含有至少20%葡糖酸鈣。
在某些具體實施例中,營養組成物可為嬰兒配方食品。如本文中所用之“嬰兒”一詞表示年齡不大於12個月之人。“嬰兒配方食品”一詞係應用為可符合嬰兒之營養素需求並藉此作為母乳替代品之液體或粉末形式的組成物。在美國,嬰兒配方食品之含量係如聯邦規章在21 C.F.R. §§ 100、106及107所闡明般規定。這些規章定義出能盡力模擬人類母乳之營養及其他特性的大量營養素、維生素、礦物質、及其他成份之數值。如本文中所用之“年輕孩童”或“年輕孩童們”一詞表示年齡大於12個月且高至3年(36個月)之人。如本文中所用之“孩童”或“孩童們”一詞表示超過3歲且青春期前的人。
這些組成物可投服予接受嬰兒配方食品之早產兒。如本文中所用之“早產兒”或“早熟兒”一詞表示妊娠少於37週出生之嬰兒。
這些組成物可,但並不需要,在營養上完備。熟諳此藝者應明瞭“營養上完備”將視許多因素而變化,其包括,但不限於,年齡、臨床病況、及應用到此術語之個體的飲食攝入量。通常,“營養上完備”係表示本發明之營養組成物提供適當量之所有醣類、脂質、必需脂肪酸、蛋白質、必需胺基酸、條件性必需胺基酸、維生素、礦物質、及正常生長所需要的能量。關於所供應之營養素,“必需”一詞表示無法經由身體合成且數量足夠供正常生長及維持健康的任何營養素,所以必須由食物來供應。關於所供應之營養素的“條件性必需”一詞表示在身體難以獲得適當量之前驅物化合物以使內生合成作用發生的條件下必須由食物來供應之營養素。
定義上,用於早產兒之“營養上完備”的組成物係提供定性及定量上適當量之所有醣類、脂質、必需脂肪酸、蛋白質、必需胺基酸、條件性必需胺基酸、維生素、礦物質、及早產兒生長所需要的能量。定義上,用於滿期產兒之“營養上完備”的組成物係提供定性及定量上適當量之所有醣類、脂質、必需脂肪酸、蛋白質、必需胺基酸、條件性必需胺基酸、維生素、礦物質、及滿期產兒生長所需要的能量。熟諳此藝者應明瞭“滿期產兒”係表示妊娠至少37週後出生之嬰兒,且正常地係在妊娠37與42週之間。定義上,用於孩童之“營養上完備”的組成物係提供定性及定量上適當量之所有醣類、脂質、必需脂肪酸、蛋白質、必需胺基酸、條件性必需胺基酸、維生素、礦物質、及特定年齡之孩童生長及該孩童發展階段所需要的能量。
營養組成物可依此藝中已知之任何形式提供,包括散劑、凝膠、懸浮液、糊劑、固體、液體、液體濃縮物、或現成使用之產品。在較佳具體實施例之一中,營養組成物為嬰兒配方食品,特別是適合作為嬰兒唯一營養來源的嬰兒配方食品。在另一具體實施例中,營養組成物係為適合作為早產兒唯一營養來源的配方食品。
在較佳具體實施例中,本文所說明之營養組成物可經腸方式投服。如本文中所用之“經腸方式”一詞表示在胃腸道、或消化道中通過或在其內部,及“經腸方式投服”包括經口餵食、胃內餵食、經幽門餵食、或其他方式而導入消化道中。
用於實施本發明之適當脂肪或脂質來源可為此藝中任何已知或所用者,包括但不限於動物來源,如乳脂肪、奶油、奶油脂肪、蛋黃液體;海產來源,如魚油、海產油、單細胞油;蔬菜及植物油,如玉米油、菜籽油、葵花油、大豆油、軟質棕櫚油、椰子油、高油性葵花油、月見草油、油菜籽油、橄欖油、亞麻仁(亞麻子)油、棉籽油、高油性紅花油、棕櫚硬脂、棕櫚仁油、麥芽油;中鏈三酸甘油酯油類及脂肪酸之乳化液和酯類;以及彼等之任何組合。
可用於實施本發明之牛乳蛋白質來源包括但不限於,乳蛋白質粉末、乳蛋白質濃縮物、乳蛋白質離析物、脫脂乳固體物、脫脂乳、脫脂奶粉、乳清蛋白質、乳清蛋白質離析物、乳清蛋白質濃縮物、甜乳清、酸乳清、酪蛋白、酸酪蛋白、酪蛋白酸(如酪蛋白酸鈉、酪蛋白酸鈉鈣、酪蛋白酸鈣)及彼等之任何組合。
在具體實施例之一中,這些蛋白質係以完整蛋白質供應。在其他具體實施例中,這些蛋白質係以完整蛋白質與部份水解蛋白質(其水解程度在約4%與10%之間)的組合供應。在又一具體實施例中,蛋白質來源可使用含麩醯胺之肽補充。
在本發明之特定具體實施例中,蛋白質來源中乳清:酪蛋白之比率係類似於人類母乳中所發現者。在具體實施例中,蛋白質來源包含約40%至約80%乳清蛋白質,在另一具體實施例中,蛋白質來源可包含約20%至約60%酪蛋白。
在本發明之某些具體實施例中,營養組成物中之補充鈣來源單獨包含葡糖酸鈣或是與選自由下列所組成之群組的鈣來源結合:乳酸鈣、硫酸鈣、氯化鈣、檸檬酸鈣、磷酸鈣、D-蔗糖酸鈣、天門冬胺酸鈣、丙酸鈣、或彼等之組合。在本發明之特定具體實施例中,營養組成物的唯一補充鈣來源包含葡糖酸鈣。
一旦補充鈣來源(例如葡糖酸鈣)解離,該鈣來源之醣類部份即在腸道中轉化為短鏈脂肪酸而提供益生素效果。為了不想被此或任何其他假設約束,頃相信,來自葡糖酸鈣之經解離的葡糖酸因有更強之溶解度,及充當為有所選擇之腸道菌群的可發酵受質而最後產生短鏈脂肪酸,所以可提供增強之益生素效果。而且,在營養組成物中使用葡糖酸鈣作為補充鈣來源也可提供餵食配方食品之嬰兒其他生理學上重要利益,包括,但不限於,在人類腸道中酸化時可形成較柔軟之凝結物;在人類腸道中酸化時可形成較小之凝結物;增進消化性;排便較柔軟;更像餵母乳之嬰兒一樣,可使胃倒空的速率增加;使餵食配方食品之嬰兒中的短鏈脂肪酸曲線圖之製造和餵食母乳之嬰兒所製造者相似;使餵食配方食品之嬰兒的腸道中有益細菌之群體數目及種類增加,所以這些可提供鈣生物可利用率的利益係與典型地用於嬰兒配方食品之其他來源的補充鈣等效。
在具體實施例之一中,營養組成物可含有一或多種益生菌。“益生菌”一詞表示可對宿主健康發揮有益效果的微生物。只要能達成所欲之結果,則此藝中已知之任何益生菌都可為本具體實施例接受。在特定具體實施例中,該益生菌可選自乳酸桿菌屬及鼠李糖乳酸桿菌GG、雙歧桿菌屬、長雙歧桿菌、及動物雙歧桿菌亞種lactis BB-12。
若益生菌包含在該組成物中,其量可在每公斤體重每天約104
至約1010
菌落形成單位(cfu)中變化。在另一具體實施例中,益生菌數量可在每公斤體重每天約106
至約109
cfu中變化。在又一具體實施例中,益生菌數量可為每公斤體重每天至少約106
cfu。
在具體實施例中,該(等)益生菌可為有活力或無活力。如本文中所用之“有活力”一詞表示活的微生物。“無活力”或“無活力益生菌”一詞表示無生命的益生菌微生物,彼等之細胞組份及/或代謝物。此類無活力益生菌已用熱殺死或在別方面失去活性,但彼等還保留有益地影響宿主健康之能力。用於本發明之益生菌可為天然發生、合成或經由有機體之基因操作而育成的,且不論此類新來源是現今已知或後來育成。
在某些具體實施例中,營養組成物也含有一或多種益生素。如本文中所用之“益菌素”一詞表示可對宿主發揮健康益處的不易消化之食物成份。此類健康益處可包括,但不限於選擇性刺激許多或有限數目之腸道有益細菌的生長及/或活性,刺激所攝取之益生菌微生物的生長及/或活性,選擇性減少腸道病源體,及對腸道短鏈脂肪酸曲線圖有良好影響。此類益生素可為天然發生、合成或經由有機體及/或植物之基因操作而育成,且不論此類新來源是現今已知或後來育成的。用於本發明之益生素可包括寡糖、多糖、及含有果糖、木糖、大豆、半乳糖、葡萄糖及甘露糖之其他益生素。更特定地,用於本發明之益生素可包括乳果糖、低聚乳果糖、棉子糖、低聚半乳糖、菊粉、聚葡萄糖、聚葡萄糖粉末、果寡糖、低聚異麥芽糖、大豆寡糖、低聚乳果糖、木寡糖、殼寡糖、半乳甘露糖、阿拉伯樹膠糖、唾液酸寡糖、fuco-寡糖、低聚半乳糖及龍膽寡糖。
在具體實施例之一中,存在於營養組成物之益生素總量以該組成物計為約1.0公克/公升至約10.0公克/公升。如所示,存在於營養組成物之益生素總量以該組成物計可為約2.0公克/公升至約8.0公克/公升。該益生素的至少20%應包含低聚半乳糖。
除了低聚半乳糖之外,該益生素組成物也可含有聚葡萄糖(PDX)。在具體實施例中,若使用聚葡萄糖作為益生素,則聚葡萄糖在營養組成物中之數量可在約1.0公克/公升至約4.0公克/公升的範圍內。
在具體實施例中,營養組成物中之低聚半乳糖數量係約0.2毫克/100仟卡至約1.0毫克/100仟卡。在另一具體實施例中,營養組成物中之低聚半乳糖數量可為約0.1毫克/100仟卡至約0.5毫克/100仟卡。在具體實施例中,若使用聚葡萄糖作為益生素,則聚葡萄糖在營養組成物中之數量可在約0.1毫克/100仟卡至約0.5毫克/100仟卡的範圍內。在另一具體實施例中,聚葡萄糖之數量可為約0.3毫克/100仟卡。在特定具體實施例中,低聚半乳糖及聚葡萄糖係以約0.6毫克/100仟卡之總量補充到營養組成物中。
本發明之營養組成物包含含有二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)之長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸(LCPUFAs)來源。其他適當之LCPUFAs包括,但不限於、α-亞麻油酸、γ-亞麻油酸、亞麻油酸、次亞麻油酸、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)及二十碳四烯酸(ARA)。
在具體實施例之一中,營養組成物係以DHA及ARA補充。在此具體實施例中,ARA:DHA之重量比可為約1:3至約9:1。在本發明之具體實施例之一中,此比率係約1:2至約4:1。
營養組成物中之長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸數量可在約5毫克/100仟卡至約100毫克/100仟卡中變化,而以約10毫克/100仟卡至約50毫克/100仟卡更佳。
營養組成物可藉由此藝中已知之標準技術使用含有DHA及ARA之油類來補充。舉例之,DHA及ARA可藉由替換等量的油(如高油性葵花油,其通常已存在於該組成物中)而添加到配方食品中。另一例子中,含DHA及ARA油類可藉由替換等量的總脂肪摻合物(其通常已存在於沒有DHA及ARA之該組成物中)之剩餘量而添加到配方食品中。
若使用時,DHA及ARA之來源可為此藝中已知之任何來源,例如礦物油、魚油、單細胞油、蛋黃脂質、及腦脂質。在某些具體實施例中,DHA及ARA係源自於單細胞Martek油、DHASCO、或彼等之變異。假使LCPUFA來源之殘留物對嬰兒不會引起任何實質上有害影響,則DHA及ARA可為天然形式。可選擇地,DHA及ARA也可以精煉形式使用。
在本發明之具體實施例中,DHA及ARA之來源為美國專利5,374,567號;5,550,156號;及5,397,591號所揭示之單細胞油,彼等專利之揭示內容將併入本文供參考。然而,本發明並不只受限於此類油。
在特定具體實施例中,本發明之組成物為提供生理化學及生理學益處之以乳為基礎的營養組成物。如此藝中所知悉,牛乳蛋白質包含兩種主要組份:酸溶性乳清蛋白質及酸不溶性酪蛋白,而後者占牛乳蛋白質總含量約80%。一旦進入胃中的酸性環境,酪蛋白沉澱物及其與礦物質之複合物將形成各種尺寸且穩固的半固體凝結物。相較於又大又硬之凝結物,身體較容易消化柔軟又小的凝結物。在營養組成物(包括但不限於嬰兒配方食品、醫療食品、及早熟兒嬰兒配方食品)之發展中凝結物之形成係很重要的考量。在本發明之具體實施例中,本發明之組成物提供具有比標準嬰兒配方食品更柔軟且更小之凝結物的營養組成物。
如上文說明,本發明之營養組成物也含有TGF-β。在本發明之特定具體實施例中,本發明組成物中TGF-β之數量為約0.0150(pg/μg) ppm至約0.1(pg/μg) ppm。在另外之具體實施例中,本發明組成物中TGF-β之數量為約0.0225(pg/μg) ppm至約0.0750(pg/μg) ppm。
在本發明之特定具體實施例中,本發明組成物中之TGF-β之數量為約2500pg/mL至約10,000pg/mL組成物,而以約3000pg/mL至約8000pg/mL更佳。
在具體實施例之一中,本發明組成物之TGF-β1:TGF-β2的比為約1:1至約1:20,而更特別地係在約1:5至約1:15範圍內。
在某些具體實施例中,營養組成物之TGF-β生物活性可藉由添加提高生物活性之乳清餾份而增強。假使該乳清餾份可達成所欲結果,則此藝中已知之任何生物活性乳清餾份都可用於此具體實施例中。在具體實施例之一中,此生物活性乳清餾份可為乳清蛋白質濃縮物。在特定具體實施例中,乳清蛋白質濃縮物可為取自Glanbia Nutritionals公司之Salibra800。在另一具體實施例中,乳清蛋白質濃縮物可為取自DMV International公司之Nutri Whey 800。在又一具體實施例中,乳清蛋白質濃縮物可為取自Glanbia Nutritionals公司之Salibra-850。在又一具體實施例中,乳清蛋白質濃縮物可為取Lactilus Industrie U.S.A. Inc.公司之Prolacta Lacatalis WPI 90。在另外具體實施例中,乳清蛋白質濃縮物可由MG Nutritionals公司供應。
在某些具體實施例中,本發明之組成物包括口服耐受性。如本文中所用之“口服耐受性”一詞表示經由早先以口服途徑投予抗原後對細胞及/或體液免疫回應的特殊抑制作用。口服耐受性會影響腸黏膜本身之局部免疫系統的回應,因此可防止在其他方面可能引起腸道中之有效炎性反應之食品蛋白質的過敏性反應。口服耐受性的發展在適當的黏膜免疫功能中是為很重要的組份。經口之抗原,如食物、食品蛋白質、或共生的細菌普通都是以可導致受調節之免疫回應的方式加工處理。此一回應不能傷害宿主及導致隨後地相同食物抗原之口服挑戰所引起的全身性低免疫反應。因此口服耐受性必需建立。然而,口服耐受性在反應數種以免疫學為基礎之疾病的發展及發病機制上則會失敗,這些疾病包括炎性腸疾病、克隆氏症、及潰瘍性結腸炎。在特定具體實施例中,TGF-β與本發明之益生素的組合可在先前口服耐受性已失敗的環境中協同性地促進抗原之口服耐受性的誘發。在某些具體實施例中,口服耐受性的誘發可藉由投服予本發明之組成物而提高。在其他具體實施例中,個體所獲得之口服耐受性可藉由投服予本發明之組成物而維持。
下列實施例係說明本揭示內容之各種具體實施例。至於本文申請專利範圍之範疇內的其他具體實施例,熟諳此藝者可考量本文說明之規範或實施而明瞭。所意圖的是規範及實施例僅視為解說性,而本發明之範圍及精神係由在該等實施例之後的申請專利範圍表示。在該等實施例中,除非另有說明,所有百分比都為重量基位。
此實施例係解說本揭示內容之粉末狀嬰兒配方食品的另一具體實施例。
為了在標準稀釋(20kcal/fl.oz.)下製備1公升產品,可將136公克粉末與895.2公克水混合。為了在標準稀釋下製備1夸脫產品,可將128.7公克粉末與847.2公克水混合。
一旦復原,此實施例中所述之嬰兒配方食品含有約4公克/公升低聚半乳糖且具有ARA數值為25毫克/100千卡。該配方食品含有5.6公克脂肪/100千卡,以達到類似於母乳之脂肪含量。該配方食品額外地具有低緩衝劑濃度。
關於此嬰兒配方食品的所有pH調節係以氫氧化鉀溶液進行。該配方食品之比重為1.03117。
此實施例係解說本揭示內容之粉末狀嬰兒配方食品的具體實施例。
為了在標準稀釋(20kcal/fl.oz.)下製備1公升產品,可將136公克粉末與895.2公克水混合。為了在標準稀釋下製備1夸脫產品,可將128.7公克粉末與847.2公克水混合。
一旦復原,此實施例中所述之嬰兒配方食品含有約2公克/公升低聚半乳糖及2公克/公升聚葡萄糖。此嬰兒配方食品具有ARA數值為25毫克/100千卡。該配方食品含有5.6公克脂肪/100千卡,以達到類似於母乳之脂肪含量。該配方食品額外地具有低緩衝劑濃度。
關於此嬰兒配方食品的所有pH調節係以氫氧化鉀溶液進行。該配方食品之比重為1.03117。
此實施例係解說在符合新生小豬之鈣需求且含有或不含寡糖補充之嬰兒配方食品餐食中的碳酸鈣與葡糖酸鈣之比較。在此研究中,係在含有或不含寡糖之餐食中將餵食碳酸鈣者與餵食葡糖酸鈣者做比較。
此實施例使用28隻1至15天大的新生小豬。經由重力供料式奶嘴餵食系統以設計成類似於撒布飼養之小豬生長的速率,一日3次等量地供應這些豬隻配方食品。餐食係調製成營養上相當且含有1.3%鈣,此鈣量係意圖稍微超過小豬們的營養需求。
可看出鈣來源(P<0.01)對生長成效的顯著影響。接受含有碳酸鈣之配方食品的豬隻會有比那些接受葡糖酸鈣者還高的體重增加速率、飲食攝取量、及體重增加效率。因此,葡糖酸鈣可藉由調節體重增加及飲食攝取量而具有重量-管理效果。
在任何的處理組群中其血漿鈣或磷濃度最初並沒有顯著差異,在餵食5天及10天時,餵食葡糖酸鈣之豬隻具有較高(P<0.01)的血漿鈣濃度及較低(P<0.01)的血漿無機磷濃度。然而,經過最後研究,以食物之鈣來源為基礎的血漿鈣濃度不再有顯著差異,但在餵食含葡糖酸鈣之配方食品的豬隻中血漿無機磷濃度仍然相當低(P<0.01)。
研究完成後,鈣來源對豬隻之尺橈骨幹的長度、鮮重、乾重、或灰份重不會有顯著影響。然而,在3-點彎曲試驗期間這些骨頭所能忍受的最大值負載量在餵食葡糖酸鈣的豬隻中顯著較大(P<0.05)。此外,在餵食葡糖酸鈣之豬隻中趨向於有較高的骨灰份%(P<0.06)。
此專利說明書所引用之所有參考文獻,包括但不限於,所有論文、公告、專利、專利申請案、講座、教課書、報告、手稿、小冊子、書籍、網路告示、定期刊物文章、期刊、及其類似物,將全部併入此專利說明書中供參考。本文中之參考文獻的揭示內容只意圖用來概述這些作者的主張,並不容許任何參考文獻成為先前技術。申請人對挑戰所引用之任何參考文獻的準確度及相關性保留所有權。
雖然本發明之較佳具體實施例已利用術語、裝置、及方法說明,但此一說明僅為解說目的。所使用之字詞係說明性而非限制性字詞。需明瞭的是,只要不違反下文之申請專利範圍所述的本發明之精神及範圍,變化及變異皆可由熟諳此藝者進行。此外,應明瞭的是,各種具體實施例之方向可全部地或部份地相互交換。舉例之,當根據那些方法所製得之商品化無菌液體營養補充物的製造方法已作為範例時,其他用途也可被涵蓋。所以,隨附之申請專利範圍的精神及範圍不應受限於本文所包含之較佳版本的說明。
Claims (11)
- 一種營養組成物,其包含:a. 脂質或脂肪;b. 蛋白質來源,包含營養組成物中1公克/100仟卡至5公克/100仟卡,其中該蛋白質來源之20%至60%為酪蛋白;c. 含有二十二碳六烯酸之長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源;d. 1.0重量%至2.5重量%之補充鈣來源,當補充鈣解離時提供具有益生素功能之碳水化合物部份;及e. 約0.015至約0.1(pg/μg)ppm之TGF-β,其中該補充鈣來源包含葡糖酸鈣。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之營養組成物,其中該長鏈多元不飽和脂肪酸來源可進一步包含二十碳四烯酸。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之營養組成物,其中二十碳四烯酸對二十二碳六烯酸之比為約1:3至約9:1。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之營養組成物,其中該脂質或脂肪之含量為高至約7公克/100仟卡。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之營養組成物,其中至少20%之補充鈣來源含有葡糖酸鈣。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之營養組成物,其進一步包含約0.2至約1.5毫克/100仟卡之益生素組成物,其中該益生素組成物包含至少20%之含有低聚半乳糖之寡糖。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之營養組成物,其中該益生素組成物進一步包含聚葡萄糖。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之營養組成物,其進一步包含至少一種益生菌。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項之營養組成物,其中該益生菌係選自由雙歧桿菌屬、乳酸桿菌屬及彼等之組合所組成的群組。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之營養組成物,其中TGF-β之數量為約2500pg/mL至約10,000pg/mL組成物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之營養組成物,其中TGF-β1:TGF-β2之比為約1:1至約1:20。
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