TWI434707B - 格狀敷材 - Google Patents
格狀敷材 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI434707B TWI434707B TW96135765A TW96135765A TWI434707B TW I434707 B TWI434707 B TW I434707B TW 96135765 A TW96135765 A TW 96135765A TW 96135765 A TW96135765 A TW 96135765A TW I434707 B TWI434707 B TW I434707B
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Description
本發明係關於一種創傷敷材、一種製造創傷敷材之方法,且尤其係關於一種用作創傷敷材或用於創傷敷材之材料。
創傷敷材通常係由薄片材料製造。此等材料包括透明薄膜及黏著劑及不透明發泡體及纖維。此等材料一般在流體吸收後保持其透明性或不透明性,但基於羧甲基纖維素之水凝膠纖維(hydrofibre)(其最初為不透明的,而在濕潤時變為透明)為例外。依賴於發泡體元件用於滲出物處理之創傷敷材為不透明的且在每一次創傷檢查期間需要移除及更換新的敷材。此為不透明敷材(例如,包括發泡體元件)之缺點。歸因於發泡體結構之材料固有之機械性質,基於發泡體之敷材亦具有受限伸展性;當努力敷裹高曲率位置時,此會引起問題。儘管此等效能缺點,但基於發泡體之創傷敷材或敷貼元件之使用在創傷護理中仍佔優勢。此可歸因於其優良吸收性、低乾重、可切割性及成型性。受限伸展性並不限於發泡體;此亦為醫療裝置中常用之薄膜的性質。
單塊材料(包括用於創傷敷材之薄片材料)之單軸格狀切割已揭示於(GB821,959)中。然而,一旦切割之後,此等材料不以任何方式延長直至施加於創傷後且僅因而由於敷上敷材之肢或身體其他部分彎曲而延長。雖然此類敷材能夠使患者稍許易於活動,但此材料僅允許極小之創傷能見度。此外,不能控制孔之大小及因此之材料滲透性,而此對滲出物自創傷之釋放而言係特別重要的。
需要一種可在施加之前及施加於創傷期間建立為伸展構造之創傷敷材。
需要一種可在施加之前及施加於創傷期間保持在限定之伸展構造範圍內之創傷敷材。
需要一種允許在施加後創傷立即可見之創傷敷材。
需要一種具有能夠控制滲出物外溢之受控孔輪廓的創傷敷材。
需要一種具有用於促進創傷癒合之受控可收縮輪廓的創傷敷材。
經由不透明材料之能見度可藉由產生經由其之孔而增加。然而,例如藉由衝孔而產生孔具有導致浪費產生及材料機械性削弱之缺點。藉由在材料中形成穿透隙縫(此等隙縫能夠在材料延長時擴大而形成孔),吾人已能夠實現既增加創傷之能見度又增加材料之伸展性而不會顯著浪費材料。以此方式,亦可能實現隙縫之伸展以形成圓孔而不會機械上削弱材料。
因此,根據本發明之一態樣,提供一種包含具有至少一個隙縫之材料之網格,該隙縫能夠伸展成孔,該網格具有:i)第一構造,其中該隙縫實質上閉合,及ii)第二構造,其中該網格藉由施加使該隙縫擴大以形成具有第一尺寸之孔的伸展力而伸展。
具有一隙縫或複數個隙縫之材料被稱為網格,且在材料伸展之前,稱該網格處於"第一構造"或"原始構造"或"閉合格狀構造",其中隙縫實質上閉合。實質上閉合之隙縫為具有不允許或實質上不允許裸眼經由網格目測創傷之構造的隙縫。
為形成隙縫而對主要為二維或平面材料及三維材料之切割可藉由此項技術中已知之任何方式實現,例如雷射切割或刀片壓製。切割方法可為分批法或連續法。二維材料之切割排列較佳為二維且沿x及y平面。三維材料之切割排列較佳為三維且沿x、y及z平面。
材料可被切割而使得隙縫形成平行、交錯、圖案化或隨機排列。
切口不限於任何特定幾何形態;其可為直邊或彎曲。直邊切口包括單方向排列,其中所有切口均平行;及多方向排列,其中所有切口並不平行。彎曲切口包括自材料中心點向外向周圍伸展且描繪出圓周之排列。
一般而言,材料之切口數目及因此之切除愈多,由該材料形成之網格的可撓性及可伸展性將愈大。然而,切割排列之幾何形態亦改變材料之機械性質。每一不同切割幾何形態將提供具有稍微不同之機械性質之網格且因此提供具有不同可撓性及伸展性之網格。
當切割隙縫至材料中以形成網格時,較佳移除最少量之材料。此舉避免對結構完整性且更尤其所形成之網格之機械強度的不利影響,而此不利影響在移除較大量材料之情況下如在先前技術中移除材料以形成洞之狀況下則發生。
因此,較佳地,為形成網格而移除之材料之量例如為少於原始材料體積之約50%,更佳少於原始材料體積之約10%,且理想地,少於原始材料體積之約1%。較佳地,切除材料以形成網格不會或實質上不會導致材料之視覺移除。
當已藉由切割材料形成隙縫時,所得網格之表面積可擴大至比原始材料之表面積大約25%-75%。網格之伸展打開隙縫形成複數個具有第一尺寸之孔/結構孔隙。此伸展形式之網格被稱為開口網格或具有"開口網格構造"、"第二構造"或"伸展構造"。
開口網格係藉由伸展力在附著於施加處(創傷處)之前或之前立刻及附著期間建立。
網格具有頂部或非創傷接觸表面及底部或創傷接觸表面。開口網格可由任何合適之可伸展材料(例如聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體)製得。
伸展力可以單向、雙向或等向性方式施加於網格且可藉由熟習技工已知之任何方式獲得,例如藉由在差速運行之卷筒之間拉伸來獲得。一種以控制方式伸展材料之方法被認為尤其有利,因為其使具有預定尺寸且特別受關注之孔/結構孔隙得以形成。
較佳地,使網格擴大至其最大幾何伸展極限之25-75%。最大幾何伸展極限係定義為孔之開口體積或面積之變化率為零或實質上為零的點。更佳地,擴大網格以最大化孔之開口體積或面積,此可不必涉及最大幾何伸展。
較佳地,在網格已伸展成其第二構造後,可藉由使用保持構件使其保持為此構造。保持構件可以任何習知方式附著於開口網格之表面。保持構件可為物理實體,諸如結構元件。
在本發明之一實施例中,結構元件可為機械硬性襯底層,舉例而言,該襯底層硬得足以在將網格施加於創傷處之前及期間保持經伸展之開口網格構造。襯底層可包含任何合適之材料,但較佳為塑膠或紙。
此外,襯底層可易於自材料釋放。
可藉由與襯底層相連之釋放片或夾緊部分而有助於襯底層之釋放。
襯底層可直接或間接施加於開口網格,因此保持且支撐該開口網格在施加之前及期間呈伸展或第二或開口網格構造。襯底層具有足夠之機械硬度以抵抗當伸展力移除時開口網格之固有收縮力,藉此保持網格為伸展或開口網格構造。在開口網格已施加於創傷處後,移除襯底層。移除襯底層後,收縮力轉移至創傷處促進創傷癒合。襯底層之移除亦引起網格表面積及由伸展力在內部建立之孔隙體積縮小。
當伸展力移除時,施加於網格以形成開口網格之伸展力轉變為收縮力。在本發明之實施例中,在移除保持構件之後,超過約10%之伸展力轉變為收縮力。在本發明之較佳實施例中,在移除保持構件之後,超過約50%之伸展力轉變為收縮力。
以此方式,收縮力可施加於施加處。由於收縮力將創傷邊緣牽拉於一起,所以在創傷處直接或間接地(例如,作為創傷敷材之一部分)使用該網格具有促進創傷癒合之優點。
藉由控制網格及開口網格幾何形態(切口及伸展方位),控制收縮力之幾何形態係可能的。
移除保持構件之後,開口網格較佳恢復其伸展前尺寸與伸展後彼等同樣尺寸之差的1%以上。更佳地,開口網格恢復該差之約5%以上,且理想地恢復該差之10%以上。
在本發明之此實施例中,網格伸展愈大,移除襯底層後收縮力將愈大。
本發明亦係關於開口網格在身體內部及外部以及正常或損傷組織上之應用使得在施加開口網格之後,伸展力可釋放且作為壓縮力傳輸至附著組織。
對於線性創傷(例如術後外科手術切口)之收縮而言,可沿單軸伸展之網格為較佳,因為此等網格將賦予沿單軸之收縮,當網格適當地位於創傷上時該收縮將直接垂直於切割線。對於二維創傷(例如慢性創傷,諸如褥瘡)之收縮而言,可沿多軸伸展之網格為較佳。
較佳地,網格可以機械等向性方式伸展,能夠使創傷收縮朝向創傷中心。
替代性實施例提供固定於開口網格之非創傷接觸表面之襯底層。在此狀況下,襯底層為透明材料以使經由網格之孔目測創傷成為可能。應瞭解在此實施例中,無收縮力自開口網格施加於創傷。
在本發明之另一實施例中,網格可具有允許亦可充當保持構件之材料。例如,網格可由所謂SMART材料(亦稱為形狀記憶材料)製得。SMART材料之形狀可藉由外界刺激(諸如應力、溫度、水分、pH、電場或磁場)以控制方式加以改變。在本發明之實施例中,材料為SMART材料。藉由施加一或多種外界刺激,使由SMART材料形成之網格伸展成且保持為第二或開口網格構造。在將開口網格施加於創傷處後,開口網格進一步受控暴露於外界刺激會導致開口網格完全或部分地收縮成其原始、"記憶"尺寸或第一構造。在創傷處,藉由暴露於創傷滲出物之水分含量,亦可引發或促進開口網格收縮。
在本發明之另一實施例中,結構元件可為透明薄膜,例如聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜,其固定或可移除地施加於開口網格之非創傷接觸表面或開口網格之非創傷接觸表面與創傷接觸表面。薄膜在結構上剛性或硬度不如襯底層,為此其無法固持用以在移除時提供促進創傷癒合之收縮力的足夠伸展形式之開口網格。實情為,薄膜保持較鬆馳之開口構造使得隙縫仍然為孔以允許目測創傷。此實施例之薄膜亦充當細菌障壁,此在將網格投與外部創傷時尤為重要。
在其他實施例中,可使用薄膜及襯底層。襯底層形成外部非創傷接觸表面且可移除或固定。
在又一實施例中,可用手使網格伸展。夾緊部分或片可提供在材料周圍以讓手緊抓,例如有助於用手使網格伸展。可定位夾緊片以允許較有效之網格伸展及孔或結構孔隙自隙縫之形成。在網格已施加於創傷處後,釋放夾緊部分。移除夾緊部分後,開口網格之收縮力轉移至創傷處促進創傷癒合。夾緊部分之釋放亦引起開口網格表面積及由伸展力在內部建立之孔隙體積縮小。在網格已固定於創傷處後,可藉由(例如)切割自網格移除夾緊部分。此將防止夾緊部分之自由端纏結(snagging)。較佳地,網格亦具有附著於網格之創傷及非創傷接觸表面之聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜。聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜將隨網格而伸展以形成開口網格且亦充當細菌障壁。
在本發明之實施例中,網格為創傷敷材。在本發明之替代性實施例中,網格可構成創傷敷材之一部分(例如,一層)。
在併入創傷敷材中之網格的一實例中,水分可滲透之頂部薄膜可施加於網格之非創傷接觸表面(例如,藉由熱層壓)且可移除之襯底層可施加於頂部薄膜上。頂部薄膜可例如為聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜。視情況,聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜穿孔層可施加於聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體網格之創傷接觸表面。以此方法施加之聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜將防止聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體黏至創傷,不然此可能發生。
因此,根據本發明之另一態樣,提供一種由本發明之網格組成或包含本發明之網格的創傷敷材。
在本發明之此態樣之一實施例中,網格材料為聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體且保持構件為暫時地附著於網格之非創傷接觸表面之襯底薄片(例如,藉由合適之黏著劑或表面能)。襯底薄片為塑膠材料(例如,聚合薄膜)或紙質材料(例如,加強紙或紙板)。在創傷敷材已藉由此項技術中已知之任何合適方法(例如,藉由黏著劑、縫線、U形釘或局部壓力)施加於創傷後,自開口網格移除襯底薄片。
較佳地,材料足夠有彈性以使在伸展、變形、壓縮或擴大之後開口網格獨立或無阻地恢復至隙縫實質上閉合之第一構造。習知用於創傷敷材之材料,諸如發泡體(例如,聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體)、基於聚矽氧之材料(例如,聚矽氧彈性體)、水凝膠纖維、薄膜、非編織及編織材料,展現該等彈性且為合適之材料。
此彈性導致材料在例如藉由移除保持構件而移除伸展力後施加類彈簧收縮力。此收縮力導致開口網格形成"第三構造"或"收縮構造",其中孔/結構孔隙收縮至較小之第二尺寸。
在本發明之實施例中,材料為單塊。
根據本發明之另一態樣,提供一種包含具有以下特徵之材料的創傷敷材:i)原始構造,ii)由施加伸展力至該材料而產生之伸展構造,其中該伸展力之移除引起該材料收縮,且iii)該創傷敷材包括用於保持該材料為該伸展構造之構件。
本發明之此態樣之材料可足以自原始構造伸展且收縮至原始構造(部分或完全)而無需提供隙縫。例如,該材料可具有接近類似於例如LYCRA(Invista,US)之彈性。
在本發明之此態樣之一實施例中,該材料具有至少一個隙縫且較佳具有複數個隙縫。
根據本發明之另一態樣,提供一種促進創傷癒合之方法,該方法包含以下步驟:a)提供具有至少一個隙縫之材料以形成網格,該隙縫能夠伸展成孔,該網格具有:i)第一構造,其中該隙縫實質上閉合,及ii)第二構造,其中該隙縫伸展為具有第一尺寸之孔,iii)在施加於創傷處前保持該網格為該第二構造,iv)將該第二構造之該網格施加於該創傷處,及視情況c)在施加於該創傷處後,使該網格自該第二構造向該第一構造縮回。
在本發明之實施例中,開口網格可直接施加於創傷。在本發明之替代性實施例中,開口網格可構成施加於創傷之創傷敷材之一部分(例如,一層)。
本發明尤其適合應用於局部及內部創傷,例如外傷性損傷、外科手術切割創傷及開放慢性創傷。外科手術創傷包括彼等為外科整形或上頜面手術、乳房切除術或剖腹產之結果的創傷。
收縮力之方向受形成網格之材料切割的幾何形態、網格伸展之幾何形態及網格或創傷敷材與組織之間的連接點之幾何形態影響。
開口網格或創傷敷材可使用此項技術中已知之任何合適技術及附著方式(例如黏著劑、縫線、U形釘或局部壓力)施加於創傷處。局部壓力可藉由壓縮包紮或大氣壓力作用於相對於外部氣氛而言具減小之壓力的空腔來提供。附著可在開口網格或創傷敷材上之特定位置處實現或可覆蓋其整個表面。對局部施用而言,附著較佳係藉由超過開口網格或創傷敷材總面積之50%的面積與施加處接觸來實現。更佳地,對局部施用而言,附著係藉由壓敏黏著劑(例如基於丙烯酸酯之黏著劑)實現。通常,黏著劑在開口網格或創傷敷材之創傷接觸表面上形成一層。
根據本發明之另一態樣,提供一種製造創傷敷材之方法,其包含以下步驟:(a)提供第一材料;(b)藉由施加伸展力至該材料之至少一部分將該材料建立成一伸展構造;及(c)藉由使用一保持構件,保持該材料為該伸展構造。
較佳地,該製造方法包括在該材料中形成至少一個隙縫且更佳複數個隙縫以形成網格之步驟。
根據本發明之又一態樣,提供一種製造創傷敷材之方法,其包含以下步驟:(a)提供第一材料;及(b)在該第一材料中形成至少一個隙縫以形成網格。
較佳地,該製造方法包括以下步驟:(b)施加伸展力至該網格之至少一部分;及(c)藉由使用一保持構件,保持該網格為伸展或開口構造。
用作第一材料之材料之實例包括發泡體,諸如聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體及基於聚矽氧之彈性體。
用作保持構件之合適材料之實例為聚合薄膜,諸如聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜。其他合適之材料包括聚酯、聚乙烯及聚丙烯,其可為經穿孔或壓出之網狀物。
相同參考符號指代整個圖式、描述及實例之相應部分。
為產生實例1之創傷敷材,將聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜之穿孔薄片施加於4 mm厚聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體(Allevyn,Smith & Nephew Medical Limited)薄片之創傷接觸表面。
創傷接觸表面為與創傷相鄰或直接接觸置放之表面。非創傷接觸表面為遠離創傷接觸表面或與創傷接觸表面相對之表面。
將圖2所示規格之切割器(刀片具有15 mm長刀刃,線性間隔5 mm,垂直間隔5 mm)用於在聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體薄片中切割隙縫以形成網格。切割動作亦在聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜中形成隙縫。
切割之後,將伸展力以垂直於切口或隙縫縱軸之方向施加於網格,從而產生如圖3所示之開口網格。將水分可滲透之頂部薄膜熱層壓至該開口網格之非創傷接觸層或表面。將具有足以抵抗開口網格之收縮力之機械硬度的聚合薄膜釋放薄片施加於該頂部薄膜。在施加釋放薄片後,移除施加於網格之伸展力且藉由釋放薄片保持伸展或開口網格為開口網格構造。
為產生實例2之創傷敷材,將黏附性聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜之穿孔薄片施加於4 mm厚聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體(Allevyn,Smith & Nephew Medical Limited)薄片之創傷接觸表面。將薄膜之黏附表面以矽化釋放紙覆蓋。將圖2所示規格之切割器(刀片具有15 mm長刀刃,線性間隔5 mm,垂直間隔5 mm)用於在聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體薄片中切割隙縫以形成網格。切割動作亦在聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜及矽化釋放紙中形成隙縫。
創傷接觸表面為與創傷相鄰或直接接觸置放之表面。非創傷接觸表面為遠離創傷接觸表面或與創傷接觸表面相對之表面。
切割之後,移除矽化釋放紙且將伸展力以垂直於切口或隙縫縱軸之方向施加於網格,從而產生如圖3所示之開口網格圖案。接著將新的矽化釋放紙薄片附著於穿孔黏附薄膜之創傷接觸表面。將水分可滲透之頂部薄膜熱層壓至該開口網格之非創傷接觸層或表面。將具有足以抵抗開口網格之收縮力之機械硬度的聚合薄膜釋放薄片施加於該頂部薄膜。施加釋放薄片後,移除施加於網格之伸展力且藉由釋放薄片保持伸展或開口網格為開口網格構造。
為證明實例2之創傷敷材之有效性,將矽化釋放紙自穿孔黏附薄膜移除且黏附面向下地置放於完整皮膚上。接著移除聚合薄膜釋放薄片。在移除聚合薄膜釋放薄片之後,在皮膚上且於垂直於切口軸之方向上產生單方向收縮力。
為產生實例4之創傷敷材,將聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜之穿孔薄片施加於4 mm厚聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體(Allevyn,Smith & Nephew Medical Limited)薄片之創傷接觸表面。將圖4所示規格之切割器(刀片具有15 mm長刀刃,線性間隔5 mm,垂直間隔2.5 mm)用於在聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體薄片中切割隙縫以形成網格。切割動作亦在聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜及矽化釋放紙中形成隙縫。
創傷接觸表面為與創傷相鄰或直接接觸置放之表面。非創傷接觸表面為遠離創傷接觸表面或與創傷接觸表面相對之表面。
切割之後,如圖4所示,沿x軸及y軸使網格伸展。施加垂直及平行於隙縫縱軸之伸展力以產生開口網格結構。將水分可滲透之頂部薄膜熱層壓至該開口網格之非創傷接觸表面。將具有足以抵抗開口網格之收縮力之機械硬度的聚合薄膜釋放薄片施加於該頂部薄膜。施加釋放薄片後,移除施加於網格之伸展力且藉由釋放薄片保持伸展或開口網格為開口網格構造。
為產生實例5之創傷敷材,將黏附性聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜之穿孔薄片施加於4 mm厚聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體(Allevyn,Smith & Nephew Medical Limited)薄片之創傷接觸表面。將薄膜之黏附表面以矽化釋放紙覆蓋。將圖4所示規格之切割器(刀片具有15 mm長刀刃,線性間隔5 mm,垂直間隔2.5 mm)用於在聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體薄片中切割隙縫以形成網格。切割動作亦在聚胺基甲酸酯薄膜及矽化釋放紙中形成隙縫。
創傷接觸表面為與創傷相鄰或直接接觸置放之表面。非創傷接觸表面為遠離創傷接觸表面或與創傷接觸表面相對之表面。
切割之後,移除矽化釋放紙且如圖4所示,沿x軸及y軸使網格伸展。施加垂直及平行於隙縫縱軸之伸展力以產生開口網格結構。接著將新的矽化釋放紙薄片附著於穿孔黏附薄膜之創傷接觸表面。將水分可滲透之頂部薄膜熱層壓至該開口網格之非創傷接觸層或表面。將具有足以抵抗開口網格之收縮力之機械硬度的聚合薄膜釋放薄片施加於該頂部薄膜。施加釋放薄片後,移除施加於網格之伸展力且藉由釋放薄片保持伸展或開口網格為開口網格構造。
已移除聚合薄膜釋放薄片的實例5之創傷敷材之網格展示於圖5中。
為證明實例5之創傷敷材之有效性,將矽化釋放紙自穿孔黏附薄膜移除且黏附面向下地置放於完整皮膚上。接著移除聚合薄膜釋放薄片。在移除聚合薄膜釋放薄片之後,在皮膚上產生朝向敷材中心作用之收縮力。
採用與針對實例5之創傷敷材所述之方法類似的方法來產生實例7之創傷敷材。然而,在此狀況下,將圖6及7所示規格之切割器用於切割隙縫。如自圖6可見,刀刃具有三個切邊。15 mm長之長切邊橋接兩個7 mm長之較短切邊。兩個較短切邊彼此平行且垂直於較長切邊。每一刀刃具有與相鄰刀刃之間隔,該間隔描繪邊長為3.75 mm之正方形區域。此間隔係藉由圖6中陰影正方形部分展示。
已移除聚合薄膜釋放薄片的實例7之創傷敷材之網格展示於圖8中。
F...力
圖1展示隙縫在三個階段中在由箭頭F指示之伸展力下及在垂直於隙縫縱軸之方向上的伸展。中間或第二階段展示隙縫已伸展形成圓。
圖2為用於製造本發明之網格之第一實施例的切割器之平面圖。
圖3為使用圖2之切割器形成之網格的平面圖,此處所示之網格為在垂直於隙縫縱軸施加之單向伸展力施加後的開口網格或第二構造。
圖4為用於製造本發明之網格之第二實施例的具有不同於圖2切割器之切割輪廓之另一切割器的平面圖。
圖5為使用圖4之切割器形成之網格的平面圖,此處所示之網格為在垂直及平行於隙縫縱軸施加之雙向伸展力施加後的開口網格或第二構造。
圖6為用於製造本發明之網格之第三實施例的具有可替代圖2及圖4切割器之切割輪廓之又一切割器的示意性平面圖。
圖7為根據圖6之示意圖製造之切割器的平面圖。
圖8為使用圖7之切割器形成之網格的平面圖,此處所示之網格為在垂直及平行於隙縫縱軸施加之雙向伸展力施加後的開口網格或第二構造。
圖9為第一構造之網格之平面圖,其中隙縫實質上閉合。網格不透明且隙縫不允許或實質上不允許穿過網格目測。
F...力
Claims (48)
- 一種包含具有至少一個隙縫之材料之網格,該隙縫能夠伸展成一孔,該網格具有:i)一第一構造,其中該隙縫實質上閉合,及ii)一第二構造,其中藉由施加一使該隙縫伸展以形成一具有一第一尺寸之孔的伸展力使該網格伸展。
- 如請求項1之網格,其中該材料具有複數個隙縫。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該第一構造之該網格係經伸展其原始尺寸之約25%至約75%以上,以形成該第二構造之該網格。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該伸展力係單向施加。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該伸展力係雙向施加。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該伸展力係等向性施加。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中提供用於保持該網格為該第二構造之構件。
- 如請求項7之網格,其中該保持構件為一結構元件。
- 如請求項8之網格,其中該結構元件係可移除地施加於該第二構造之該網格之一表面。
- 如請求項9之網格,其中該結構元件為一薄片或薄膜。
- 如請求項8之網格,其中該結構元件為一實質上剛性之結構元件。
- 如請求項7之網格,其中該伸展力在移除該保持構件之後轉變為一收縮力,藉此導致該網格形成一第三構造,其中該孔具有一較小之第二尺寸。
- 如請求項12之網格,其中在該保持構件之該移除之後,該網格收縮該第一構造與該第二構造之尺寸之間的差之約5%以上。
- 如請求項13之網格,其中在移除該保持構件之後,該網格收縮該第一構造與該第二構造之尺寸之間的差之10%以上。
- 如請求項14之網格,其中在移除該保持構件之後,大於約10%之該伸展力轉變為一收縮力。
- 如請求項15之網格,其中在移除該保持構件之後,大於約50%之該伸展力轉變為一收縮力。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該隙縫係藉由用一刀片或一雷射器切割該材料而形成。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該網格係沿兩平面切割。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該網格係沿三個平面切割。
- 如請求項17之網格,其中該等隙縫之該切割導致少於約50%之該材料移除。
- 如請求項20之網格,其中該等隙縫之該切割導致少於10%之該材料移除。
- 如請求項21之網格,其中該等隙縫之該切割導致少於1%之該材料移除。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該材料實質上具有彈性。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該材料為一單塊。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其中該材料係選自由發泡體、薄膜、非編織材料或編織材料組成之群。
- 如請求項1或2之網格,其用作一創傷敷材。
- 如請求項26之之網格,其中該創傷敷材為發泡體。
- 如請求項27之網格,其中該發泡體為聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體。
- 如請求項27之網格,其中該創傷敷材為聚矽氧彈性體。
- 一種創傷敷材,其包含一如請求項1至26中任一項之網格。
- 如請求項30之創傷敷材,其中該材料為發泡體。
- 如請求項31之創傷敷材,其中該發泡體為聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體。
- 如請求項31之創傷敷材,其中該材料為聚矽氧彈性體。
- 如請求項30至33中任一項之創傷敷材,其中用於保持該網格為該第二構造之該構件為一襯底層或薄膜。
- 如請求項30至33中任一項之創傷敷材,其中該襯底層或薄膜可自該網格釋放。
- 如請求項35之創傷敷材,其中該可釋放襯底層為聚合薄膜。
- 一種創傷敷材,其由一如請求項1至26中任一項之網格組成。
- 如請求項37之創傷敷材,其中用於保持該網格為該第二構造之該構件為一襯底層或薄膜。
- 如請求項37或38之創傷敷材,其中該襯底層或薄膜可自該網格釋放。
- 如請求項39之創傷敷材,其中該可釋放襯底層為聚合薄 膜。
- 一種創傷敷材,其包含具有以下特徵之材料:i)一原始構造,及ii)一由施加一伸展力至該材料而產生之伸展構造,其中該伸展力之移除引起該材料之一收縮,且其中提供用於保持該材料為該伸展構造之構件。
- 如請求項41之創傷敷材,其中該材料具有複數個隙縫以形成一網格,使得在施加一伸展力至該網格後形成一開口網格結構。
- 一種製造一創傷敷材之方法,其包含以下步驟:(a)提供第一材料;(b)藉由施加一伸展力至該第一材料之至少一部分,將該第一材料建立成一伸展構造;及(c)藉由使用一保持構件,保持該第一材料為該伸展構造。
- 如請求項43之方法,其進一步包含將至少一個隙縫切割至該第一材料中之步驟。
- 如請求項43或44之方法,其中該第一材料為聚胺基甲酸酯發泡體。
- 如請求項43或44之方法,其中該第一材料為聚矽氧彈性體。
- 如請求項43或44之方法,其中該保持構件為可釋放之襯底材料。
- 如請求項47之方法,其中該可釋放之襯底材料為聚合薄膜。
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TW200820997A (en) | 2008-05-16 |
US20100100022A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
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US8680360B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 |
CA2664677A1 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
AU2007300111B2 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
KR20090077797A (ko) | 2009-07-15 |
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