TWI423460B - 緊密隔開且具有高縱橫比之擠製格線 - Google Patents

緊密隔開且具有高縱橫比之擠製格線 Download PDF

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TWI423460B
TWI423460B TW096140958A TW96140958A TWI423460B TW I423460 B TWI423460 B TW I423460B TW 096140958 A TW096140958 A TW 096140958A TW 96140958 A TW96140958 A TW 96140958A TW I423460 B TWI423460 B TW I423460B
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extrusion
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David K Fork
Thomas Stephan Zimmermann
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Solarworld Innovations Gmbh
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    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
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Description

緊密隔開且具有高縱橫比之擠製格線
本發明係有關擠製系統及方法,尤有關用來共擠製複數類同及/或不同材料以形成具有較高縱橫比之較精細結構的微擠製系統及方法。
藉由傳統擠製,將小塊材料經由模型擠出及/或拉出以形成桿、軌、管等。在該能力可運用種種用途。例如,可用擠製於食品加工用途以製造麵類、穀類食品、點心等,於酥皮餡餅上加奶油花飾(例如蛋白霜),於餅干煎鍋上模製餅干點心,於蛋糕上加花及邊飾等。於另一用途,可使用擠製於消費品,例如將不同顏色的牙膏一併擠在一牙刷上。
傳統擠製技術受到限制,例如因為其無法製造較高縱橫比(例如2:1或更大)之精細外形特徵(例如小於50微米)或多孔結構。因此,典型地,不使用擠製來製造用於電化學(例如燃料)、太陽能及/或其他類型的電池,此等電池運用高縱橫比之精細外形特徵之多孔結構來增加效率及電力產生。
舉燃料電池為例來說,高縱橫比之精細外形特徵之多孔電解質結構提供長反應區以增加電極所需昂貴觸媒之使用。此外,燃料電池可能為複雜之結構,因為要完成之多重功能包含:將質子自薄膜導至反應區;將氧低的分壓降以擴散至反應區;將電子自多孔電極導至反應區;自反應 區將熱送出;以及抵抗約100至200 PSI範圍內的壓縮機械負載。傳統擠製技術無法符合燃料電池產業所需成本的要求。為增加效率,燃料電池製造業者使用比所期望更多的觸媒來增加反應區數,並於多孔基質中或聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)形成以鉑(Pt)催化的碳塊。藉太陽能電池,高縱橫比之精細外形特徵之格線減少遮蔽量,因此容許捕捉更多光子,這造成電力產生增加。習知擠製技術無法以太陽能電池產業所需成本製造此種格線。
有很多從用來形成高縱橫比的線及外形特徵之快速及經濟裝置獲得好處的其他實用裝置。第12圖舉例顯示一電漿顯示器面板,以此作為設有形成於顯示器內之次像素之阻隔肋401的裝置例子。阻隔肋401係一電絕緣結構,且較佳地係一高縱橫比結構,因為,這會改善每英寸之解析度之點數以及顯示器的填充因子。
需要有效率地製造緊密隔開且具有高縱橫比之格線,其可例如用在高品質光伏打電池及電漿顯示器面板的製造。
本發明係關於一種用來將緊密隔開之高縱橫比格線結構形成於一基板表面上之設備及方法,其中多數格線和一犧牲材料共擠製於基板表面上,使得高縱橫比格線被支撐於二犧牲材料部(隨後移除該等犧牲材料部)間。此種共擠製結構的形成要求將格線材料壓縮於該二犧牲材料部之間,這要求使用較寬三通道凹穴進給一較窄出口孔口,俾 壓縮格線材料於該二犧牲材料部之間。由於三通道凹穴的寬度,各頭上相鄰出口孔口間的間隔(並因此,該等擠製格線間的間距)大於例如用在太陽能電池之最適格線間距。根據本發明,藉由以平行配置複數共擠製頭以彌補相鄰出口孔口間的較寬間隔,使得個別出口孔口以交錯(間置)方式配置。當該總成接著移至基板上方,並自個別出口孔口擠出共擠製材料時,製出具有期望(較小)間距之散布平行格線。當接著移除犧牲材料時,緊密隔開之高縱橫比格線形成於基板表面上。
根據本發明之一具體實施例,製造光伏打電池之方法包含形成一適當的半導體基板,以及接著以上述方式,於基板之一表面上形成緊密隔開之高縱橫比金屬格線。
第1圖顯示包含擠製裝置110的擠製設備100,該擠製裝置110包含二或更多個共擠製頭130-1及130-2固定安裝於其上。擠製裝置110連接於含有犧牲材料112之第1源111,以及含有格線材料115之第2源114。共擠製頭130-1及130-2可操作地連接於源111及114,使共擠製頭130-1及130-2同時施加犧牲材料112及格線材料115於基板101的上表面102上。該等材料透過擠及/或拉伸技術(例如,熱或冷)予以施加,其中材料透過擠製裝置110及/或共擠製頭130-1及130-2擠出(例如,擠壓等)及/或拉伸(例如經由真空等),並透過分別界定於共擠製頭130-1及130-2之下部之一或更多出口孔口(出口埠)135擠出及/或拉出。
根據本發明之一態樣,藉擠製裝置110保持共擠製頭130-1及130-2,以平行、隔開之方式配置共擠製頭個別出口孔口。特別是,共擠製頭130-1之各個(第1)出口孔口(例如,出口孔口135-11及135-12)在第1方向延伸,而共擠製頭130-2之各個(第2)出口孔口(例如,出口孔口135-21及135-22)界定與第1線X1分開並與其平行的第2線X2。
根據本發明另一態樣,設備100包含一用來沿垂直於出口孔口之對齊方向之方向移動擠製裝置110(並因此,共擠製頭130-1及130-2)之機構。於一實施例中,相對於基板101移動擠製裝置110包含固定地安裝之基板101,以及使用一定位機構沿一方向Y1移動擠製裝置110於表面102上方,俾維持出口孔口135於與表面102隔一固定距離處。於一替代實施例中,相對於基板101移動擠製裝置110包含安裝裝置110於一剛性固定器,以及使用一輸送器或其他機構,沿一方向Y2於出口孔口135下方移動基板101。
根據本發明另一態樣,當相對於基板101移動擠製裝置110時,共擠製犧牲材料112及格線材料115透過出口孔口135,形成平行之長擠製結構120於基板101上,俾各結構120之格線材料形成一高縱橫比格線125,且各結構120之犧牲材料形成相關之第1及第2犧牲材料部122,分別配置於相關高縱橫比格線125之相對側上。擠製結構120的形狀(亦即格線125的縱橫比及犧牲材料部122的形狀)可透過一或更多出口孔口135之形狀、頭130-1及130-2內之結構(例如,通道)、材料之特性(例如,黏度等)以及擠製 技術(例如,流速、壓力、溫度等)中至少一者予以控制。以下將更詳細說明頭130-1及130-2內之結構及出口孔口135之形狀。適當格線材料115包含,惟不限於銀、銅、鎳、錫、鋁、鋼、氧化鋁、矽酸鹽、玻璃、炭黑、聚合物及蠟,及適當犧牲材料112包含塑膠、陶瓷、油、纖維素、膠乳、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯等、及其組合及/或其變化,包含為獲得期望之密度、黏度、紋理、顏色等之以上與其他物質的組合。
根據本發明另一態樣,共擠製頭130-1之(第1)出口孔口及共擠製頭130-2之(第2)出口孔口以交錯方式配置,使得由共擠製頭130-1所擠製之擠製結構120配置於由共擠製頭130-2所擠製之二個擠製結構之間。例如,自共擠製頭130-1之出口孔口120-12擠出之擠製結構120-12配置於自擠製頭130-2之出口孔口135-21及135-22擠出之擠製結構120-21與120-22間。如以下將更詳細說明,藉由使用二或更多平行之擠製頭(例如,頭130-1及130-2)同時製造擠製結構120,可以使用習知方法者所無法辦到的間距形成緊密隔開之高縱橫比格線125於基板101上。
再度參考第1圖,為限制材料於擠製後互混的傾向,可藉由使用例如一驟冷元件170來冷卻基板,於基板101驟冷離開共擠製頭130-1及130-2的擠製結構120。可替換地,於此用途中使用一在室溫固化的熱熔材料,在此情況下,將共擠製頭130-1及130-2加熱,一旦擠製結構120分配於基板101即固化。於另一技術中,材料自擠製頭130-1 及130-2出來時可藉熱、光學及/或其他手段固化。例如固化成分可提供以熱及/或光學固化該等材料。
若一或二材料包含紫外線固化劑,材料即可凝結成固態,俾無需混合即可進一步加工。
第2及3圖係分解立體圖及組合立體圖,顯示一界定於共擠製頭130-1中之例示三通道凹穴200-11。扼要參考第1圖,使用三通道凹穴200-11,藉出口孔口135-11製造擠製結構120-11。三通道凹穴200-11係用於擠製頭130-1及130-2以製造第1圖所示複數擠製結構120之結構特徵的代表。
參考第2圖,根據本發明之一實施例,共擠製頭130-1包含一上金屬薄片層210、一下金屬薄片層220及一中央金屬薄片層230。微切削中央金屬薄片層230(例如,使用深度反應離子蝕刻)以包含一端部結構231以及一包含一中央通道232及相對(第1及第2)側通道234及236的箭頭形開口。中央通道232藉第1錐形指233與側通道234分離,並藉一第2錐形指235與側通道236分離。中央通道232具有一由端部結構231及錐形指233及235界定的封閉端,以及一與一界定於板230之一側緣238之開口237連通的敞開端。同樣地,側通道234及236具有由端部結構231及錐形指233及235界定的相關封閉端,以及與開口237連通的敞開端。側通道234及236成一角度朝向中央通道232,並會聚於附近開口237。上金屬板210界定第1入口埠(通孔)212,且下金屬板220界定第2及第3入口埠224 及226。入口埠212,224及226例如使用與用以形成三通道凹穴231-11者相同的微切削技術形成。
第3圖顯示在使用習知高壓晶圓接合技術接合板210,220及230以定義三通道凹穴200-11後之第2圖之共擠製頭130-1之一部分。首先,分別地將第1入口埠212與中央通道232的封閉端對齊,及將第2及第3入口埠224及226與側通道234及236的封閉端對齊。如以下將更詳細說明,經由入口埠212,224及226將金屬及犧牲材料導入三通道凹穴200-11。可使用額外的金屬板(未圖示)來將金屬及犧牲材料導至入口埠212,224及226,俾將附裝於各擠製頭的材料進給線的數目減至最少。一種用來製造擠製頭130-1之方法,在共同擁有且同時申請之美國專利申請案第11/555,512號,〝具有平面化邊緣之表面的擠製頭〞(代理人卷宗號碼20060464Q-US-NP(XCP-074))中己有說明。於在此併提全文俾供參考。
除了在第2及3圖所描述的層疊金屬層配置外,可以種種方法製造擠製頭130-1。於另一實施例中,擠製頭可藉由電鑄金屬之外形特徵於圖案化之抗蝕結構上而製造。於另一例子中,可藉由將數層蝕刻過的金屬薄片硬焊在一起,製造擠製頭。於又另一例子中,可藉由諸如SU8之可光界定之聚合物形成的結構製造擠製頭。於又另一例子中,可使用習知製造技術,由機製或金屬及/或塑膠模塑擠製頭。而且,除了本文所說明的具體格線結構外,可修改擠製頭130-1及130-2,具有平衡形狀之格線結構,如在共 同擁有且共同申請之美國專利申請案第11/555,496號(代理人卷宗號碼20060465-US-NP(XCP-073))所揭示名稱為〝具有平衡形狀之擠製結構〞,在此併提全文俾供參考。
第4(A)圖顯示在形成金屬格線前,位於基板101上方之共擠製頭130-1的一部分。於擠製程期間內(亦即,當共擠製頭130-1以上述方式,相對於基板101移動時),保持共擠製頭130-1於基板101之上表面102上方實質上固定距離D處。在擠製頭130-11與基板101間的距離D,可根據諸如擠製頭130-11之分配端相對於上表面102(例如自平行至垂直)之角度的種種因素來決定,以增加轉送效率、實體界定(例如寬度、高度、長度、直徑等)、實體特徵(例如強度、柔軟性等)。請注意距離D須大於或等於擠製結構120-11的高度H(顯示於第5圖中),俾有助於第1圖所示交錯式擠製頭配置。
第4(B)圖顯示於共擠製製程開始時共擠製頭130-1的相同部分。如白色箭頭明示,分別地,經由第1入口埠212將格線材料115強行射入中央通道232的封閉端,及經由入口埠224及226同時將犧牲材料112強行射入側通道234及236。如圖4(B)之黑箭頭明示,射出之材料向下行經其個別通道。格線及犧牲材料被錐形通道232,234及236所壓迫。當材料接近出口孔口135-11時,格線材料進一步被沿側通道234及236流動的會聚之犧牲材料所壓縮。接著,壓縮流自出口孔口135-11擠出,並沉積於基板101成為擠製結構120-11(顯示於圖5中)。藉由選擇適當的材料及黏 度、藉由使通道適當地漸細及/或藉由維持層流狀態,將格線與犧牲材料間的互混降至最低。
第5圖係一橫剖側視圖,顯示根據參考第4(B)圖所說明之共擠製製程所製造之一例示擠出結構120-11。擠出結構120-11包括一配置於犧牲支撐材料部122-1與122-2之間的格線125-11。由於引至出口孔口135-11之三通道凹穴200-11(圖4(A)及4(B))所產生的會聚力量,擠製結構120-11呈現優於藉由習知方法所形成格線的優點。例如,擠製頭130-1有助於形成單道具有10:1或更大縱橫比(高度H相對於寬度W)的格線125-11,這是使用習知方法不可能辦到的。可使格線125-11的寬度W較流體通道130-11之最小之最低限度設計特徵更狹窄(精細)。「在諸如乾燥、固化及/或燒結加工之前或期間內,只要需要在基板101上保持格線125-11之形狀,犧牲材料部122-1及122-2沿著格線125-11的側緣被維持著。」犧牲材料部122-1及122-2之進一步優點在於,添加的材料導致整體更大的出口孔口135-11,並因此造成一給定材料流速的更低壓降。因此,可達到更高加工速度。此外,可操縱壓縮流來形成具有錐形截面(例如,具有配置於基板表面102上的較寬底部、一較窄上端以及以一角度相對於表面102自底端延伸至上端的錐面側)的金屬格線125-11。該錐形有助於將光子導入基板101,並減少格線所造成的光子封阻(遮蔽),這可改善效率及/或電力產生。
第6圖係顯示擠製頭130-1之一較大部分之橫剖視 圖,且圖7顯示擠製頭130-1以上述方式製造的一系列擠製結構120-11,120-12及120-13。
參考第7圖,在自單一共擠製頭(例如,擠製頭130-1)擠出之相鄰擠製結構120-11與120-13間之間隔P受到在相鄰出口孔口間的間隔限制,其又受限於形成各三通道凹穴之三通道所需上游間隙。該寬廣上游間隙顯示於第6圖中,其中擠製頭130-1包含分別定義出口孔口135-11、135-12及135-13之相鄰三通道凹穴200-11,200-12,200-13。為求清楚,省略與通道凹穴200-11,200-12,200-13有關的入口埠。如第6圖明示,相對於出口孔口135-11之較窄寬度W1,需要一較大寬度W2來定義三通道凹穴200-11之通道232及234。因此,在擠製頭130-1之各相鄰孔口對(例如,孔口135-11及135-12,或孔口135-12及135-13)間的間隔受到要形成給入孔口之相關三通道凹穴之較寬區域的限制。回到圖7,結果,在相鄰擠製結構120-11至120-13間之間隔P須較寬(亦即,不可能使用單一共擠製頭來製造共擠製結構120)。
第8圖側視圖,顯示根據本發明之一實施例,交錯配置之共擠製頭130-1及130-2可助於製造密隔開之格線結構於基板101上。特別是,以與圖1所示者一致之方式,將以共擠製頭130-1及130-2以平行配置固定地保持於基板101上方,其個別出口孔口以交錯配置對齊,俾自共擠製頭130-1擠出之至少一擠製結構配置於自共擠製頭130-2擠出之二擠製結構間。舉例來說,如於圖8中明示,共擠製頭 130-1之出口孔口135-12製造擠製結構120-12,該結構配置於分別藉共擠製頭130-2的出口孔口135-21及135-22擠出之二擠製結構120-21與120-22間。如於圖8之底部明示,以此方式,將相鄰擠製結構(並因此其相關格線)間的距離減為p/2。因此,藉由以交錯方式配置共擠製頭130-1及130-2,藉第1圖之擠製設備100所製造的擠製結構具有較使用習知方法所製造者具有更精細及更高縱橫比,俾有助於例如較優光伏池打電池的製造。
第9圖係橫剖側視圖,顯示使用適當蝕刻劑(如斜線指出)移除犧牲材料,藉此完成形成緊密隔開、高縱橫比格線125-11,125-21,125-12,125-22及125-13於上表面102上之製程。
於包含太陽能電池格線製造的某些應用中,移除犧牲材料的較佳手段係於燒結期間內透過蒸發及燃燒來進行。該製程亦將格線材料中的金屬粒子(包含銀粒子、燒結玻璃、諸如葱品醇之溶劑、諸如纖維素之填料的金屬糊料)凝固成導電物質。於一實施例中,燒結步驟亦經常藉助於糊料中的燒結玻璃粒子,透過太陽能電池表面上的絕緣鈍化層燒結金屬糊料,俾形成與半導體層的電接觸。
第10圖顯示諸如太陽能電池之光伏池打電池300之例示部分,該電池具有透過共擠製頭130-1及130-2製成之高縱橫比金屬格線125。光伏打電池300包含具有p型區306及n型區308之半導體基板301。基板301之區306及308之一或二者由諸如砷化鋁、砷化鋁鎵、氮化硼、硫化鎘、 硒化鎘、硒化銅銦鎵、金剛石、砷化鎵、氮化鎵、鍺、磷化銦、矽、碳化矽、鍺矽、絕緣體上的矽、硫化鋅、硒化鋅等製成。下接觸件310形成於基板301之下表面302上(亦即於p型區306的下端)。金屬格線125及一或更多匯流條320形成於基板301之一上表面304上(亦即於n型區308的下端)。接觸件310及匯流條320可使用諸如以銀或鋁為基礎材料的金屬糊料形成。
光伏打電池300可以串聯及/或並聯方式,透過扁平金屬線或金屬帶,與其他光伏打電池(未圖示)相互連接,及裝入模組或面板內,如圖示連接於一負載340。一經過回火之玻璃片(未圖示)可層疊於格線125上方,及/或一聚合物封裝(未圖示)可形成於接觸件310上方。上表面304可包含凹凸表面及/或塗布一抗反射材料(例如氮化矽、二氧化鈦等),以增加吸入電池內的光量。
於操作期間內,當光子350(以寬箭頭指出)經由上表面304被導入基板301內時,其能量激勵內部的電子-電洞對,該電子-電洞對接著自由移動。特別是,光子的吸收透過p-n接面(以遷移+及-電荷表示)產生電流。當在n型區308中受激勵之電子行經格線125、匯流條320及電極至外負載340,並經由下電極及接觸件310回到p型區306時,產生電流。
第11圖顯示製造諸如結合圖10所說明光伏打電池300之光伏打裝置之方法。於參考號碼410處形成有半導體基板301(第10圖)。基板301可包含如以上所述種種半導體材料,並可藉由使一n型矽與p型矽(例如磷、砷、銻等) 連接,或使一n型摻雜劑(例如磷、砷、銻等)及/或p型摻雜劑(例如硼等)滲入一矽晶圓內形成。於又另例子中,可使用含有硼雜質之諸如藍金剛石的自然形成的半導體。以串聯及/或並聯方式任意連接一個或更多個光伏打電池,以製造光伏打模組或面板。使用習知技術,於參考號碼420處,在下表面302上形成導電接觸件。使用上述方法,於430,在上表面304上形成金屬格線125(及匯流條320)。以圖10所示方式,於440,電極自導電接觸件310及格線125連接於負載340。當光子被吸入半導體內時,透過光伏打效應產生電能。
可使用舉例,具有表1所示評估參數之共擠製頭來分配材料,以形成格線125於一結晶矽太陽能電池上。
藉此設計,將複數會聚通道圖案化於具有約0.15mm厚 度的材料薄片內。擠製頭/噴嘴之出口孔口以2.5mm的間距重覆出現。於約2.24atm大氣壓力下之擠製頭/噴嘴,以1cm/sec的速率射出黏度1000泊的糊料。中央銀條約50微米寬,具有3:1的縱橫比。
雖然本發明業已就某些具體實施例加以說明,惟對熟於此技藝人士很清楚的是,本發明之發明特點同樣適用於其他實施例,凡此皆涵蓋在本發明之範圍內。例如,除了具有橫向變化的條狀材料外,亦可另外或替代地使用頭130-1及130-2的變化來導入具有垂直變化的材料,以例如將阻擋層導入基板。此種垂直變化可藉由在歧管內形成將不同材料會聚於垂直方向(除了會聚於水平方向)的通道,予以實施。例如,藉由太陽電池的應用,可有利的將一雙金屬層導至電池表面,一金屬與矽接觸以作為一擴散阻擋層,及一第2金屬位於為了更低成本或更高電導所選擇的頂部上。除了金屬格線,可進一步使用本文所說明的方法及結構來製造由諸如所用無機玻璃的不導電材料形成的格線,以製造參考第12圖所說明的阻擋肋結構。
100‧‧‧擠製設備
101‧‧‧基板
102‧‧‧上表面
110‧‧‧擠製裝置
111‧‧‧第1源
112‧‧‧犧牲材料
114‧‧‧第2源
115‧‧‧格線材料
120,120-11,120-12,120-13,120-21,120-22‧‧‧擠製結構
122‧‧‧第2支承材料部
122-1,122-2‧‧‧犧牲材料部
125‧‧‧格線結構
125-11,125-12,125-13,125-21,125-22‧‧‧格線
130‧‧‧擠製頭
130-1,130-2‧‧‧共擠製頭
130-11‧‧‧擠製頭
135,135-11,135-12,135-13,135-21,135-22‧‧‧出口孔口
170‧‧‧驟冷元件
200-11,200-12,200-13,231-11‧‧‧三通道凹穴
210‧‧‧上金屬薄片層
220‧‧‧下金屬薄片層
212‧‧‧第1入口埠
224‧‧‧第2入口埠
226‧‧‧第3入口埠
230‧‧‧中央金屬薄片層
231‧‧‧端部結構
232‧‧‧中央通道
233‧‧‧第1錐形指
234,236‧‧‧側通道
235‧‧‧第2錐形指
237‧‧‧開口
238‧‧‧側緣
300‧‧‧光伏打電池
301‧‧‧半導體基板
302‧‧‧下表面
304‧‧‧上表面
306‧‧‧p型區域
308‧‧‧n型區域
310‧‧‧下接觸件
320‧‧‧匯流條
340‧‧‧負載
350‧‧‧光子
401‧‧‧阻隔肋
403‧‧‧後玻璃板
405‧‧‧磷
407‧‧‧位址電極
409‧‧‧放電電池
411‧‧‧可見光
413‧‧‧氧化鎂層
415‧‧‧介質層
417‧‧‧顯示電極
419‧‧‧表面放電
421‧‧‧前玻璃板
423‧‧‧紫外線
參考以下說明、後附申請專利範圍及附圖,本發明之此等及其他特點、態樣及優點將更加瞭然,其中:第1圖係立體圖,顯示具有擠製頭之擠製設備,用來將二或更多材料同時施加於一基板上;第2圖係分解立體圖顯示於第1圖之設備中所用共擠製頭的一部分; 第3圖係裝配立體圖,顯示製造後第2圖之共擠製頭部分;第4(A)及4(B)圖係橫剖側視圖,顯示於第3圖所定義之共擠製頭之三通道凹穴;第5圖係橫剖側視圖,顯示藉第4(B)圖之共擠製頭形成於基板表面之例示性共擠製格線結構;第6圖係橫剖側視圖,顯示第4圖之共擠製頭之較大部分;第7圖係橫剖側視圖,顯示藉第6圖之共擠製頭形成之一系列共擠製格線結構;第8圖係正視圖,顯示根據本發明之一態樣,交錯配置之共擠製頭,及藉複數共擠製頭形成之緊密配置之格線結構;第9圖係橫剖側視圖,顯示根據本發明之另一態樣,形成於基板上之複數金屬格線;第10圖顯示光伏打電池,其包含根據本發明形成之格線;第11圖係流程圖,顯示根據本發明之一另一實施例態樣,形成光伏打電池之簡化方法;及第12圖係簡化橫剖側視圖,顯示一例示電漿顯示面板之一部分。
101‧‧‧基板
102‧‧‧上表面
130-1,130-2‧‧‧共擠製頭
135,135-11,135-12,135-13,135-21,135-22‧‧‧出口孔口
120-11,120-12,120-13,120-21,120-22‧‧‧擠製結構

Claims (20)

  1. 一種用來形成複數個緊密隔開及具有高縱橫比之格線結構於基板上的方法,該方法包括:配置第1及第2共擠製頭於基板之將形成格線結構的表面,俾該第1共擠製頭之第1出口孔口界定沿第1方向延伸之第1線,及該第2共擠製頭之第2出口孔口界定一自該第1線分離並與其平行之第2線;沿第2方向,相對於該基板移動該第1及第2共擠製頭,同時透過該第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出格線材料及犧牲材料,俾自該第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出之格線材料形成一相關高縱橫比格線結構,及自該第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出之犧牲材料形成分別配置於該相關高縱橫比格線結構之相對側之相關的第1及第2犧牲材料部;其中該第1及第2出口孔口以交錯排列之方式配置,俾自該第1共擠製頭擠出之高縱橫比之格線結構配置於自該第2共擠製頭擠出之第2與第3高縱橫比之格線結構間,其中該等第1及第2共擠製頭之每一者包括複數個多通道凹穴,該第1共擠製頭之該等多通道凹穴之每一者包含第1通道及第2通道,該等第1通道及第2通道會聚於一輸出部分,俾該等第1通道及第2通道兩者與該第1出口孔口之相關出口孔口連通,且該第2共擠製頭之多通道凹穴之每一者包含第1通道及第2通道,該 等第1通道及第2通道會聚於一輸出部分,俾該等第1通道及第2通道兩者與該第2出口孔口之相關出口孔口連通。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中配置第1及第2共擠製頭包括將該第1及第2共擠製頭固定安裝在一連接於一犧牲材料源及一格線材料源之擠製裝置上。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中相對於基板移動第1及第2共擠製頭包括固定安裝該基板以及於該基板之表面上方移動該擠製裝置。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中相對於基板移動第1及第2共擠製頭包括固定安裝該擠製裝置以及於該擠製裝置下方移動該基板。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中又包括下列步驟之至少一者:在擠製之前對格線及犧牲材料加熱;於格線及犧牲材料的擠出期間內冷卻該基板;以及固化擠出之該格線及犧牲材料。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中透過第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出格線材料及犧牲材料包括將格線材料射入於由該第1及第2共擠製頭當中一者所界定的三通道凹穴之中央通道內,同時將該犧牲材料射入該三通道凹穴之相對第1與第2側通道內,其中該中央通道以及該第1及第2側通道與一相關出口孔口連通。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該三通道凹穴界定於一第1板部與一第2板部間,該第1板部具有一第1 入口開口,該第1入口開口配置於該三通道凹穴之該中央通道上方,該第2板部具有一第2及第3入口開口,該第2及第3入口開口分別配置於該三通道凹穴之該第1與第2側通道上方;及其中擠出格線材料及犧牲材料包括透過該第1入口開口將格線材料擠入該中央通道內,同時分別透過該第2及第3入口開口將犧牲材料擠入該第1與第2側通道內。
  8. 一種用來形成複數個高縱橫比之格線結構於一基板上之設備,該設備包括:第1及第2共擠製頭,位於該基板之一表面上,俾該第1共擠製頭之第1出口孔口界定一沿第1方向延伸之第1線,及該第2共擠製頭之第2出口孔口界定與該第1線平行之第2線,其中該等第1及第2共擠製頭之每一者包括複數個多通道凹穴,該第1共擠製頭之該等多通道凹穴之每一者包含第1通道及第2通道,該等第1通道及第2通道會聚於一輸出部分,俾該等第1通道及第2通道兩者與該第1出口孔口之相關出口孔口連通,且該第2共擠製頭之多通道凹穴之每一者包含第1通道及第2通道,該等第1通道及第2通道會聚於一輸出部分,俾該等第1通道及第2通道兩者與該第2出口孔口之相關出口孔口連通;第1手段,用來將格線材料擠入該等第1及第2共擠製頭之複數個多通道凹穴之每一者之第1通道;以及 第2手段,用來將犧牲材料擠入該等第1及第2共擠製頭之複數個多通道凹穴之每一者之第2通道,俾該格線材料及該犧牲材料兩者透過該等第1及第2出口孔口之每一者共擠製;以及移動手段,用來沿第2方向,相對於該基板移動該第1及第2共擠製頭,俾自該第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出之格線材料形成該等高縱橫比格線結構之一相關格線,及自該第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出之犧牲材料形成分別配置於該相關格線結構之相對側之相關第1及第2犧牲材料部;其中該第1及第2共擠製頭定位成,該第1及第2出口孔口以交錯排列之方式配置,俾自該第1共擠製頭擠出之第1格線結構配置於自該第2共擠製頭擠出之第2與第3格線結構間。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第8項之設備,其中進一步包括一擠製裝置,連接於一犧牲材料源及一格線材料源,其中該第1及第2共擠製頭固定安裝於該擠製裝置上。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之設備,其中該移動手段包括用來牢牢固定該基板之手段,以及用來於該基板表面上方移動該擠製裝置之手段。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第9項之設備,其中該移動手段包括用來牢牢固定該擠製裝置之手段,以及用來於該擠製裝置下方移動該基板之手段。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第8項之設備,其中進一步包括下列至 少一者:用來在擠製之前加熱格線及犧牲材料的手段、用來於擠出格線及犧牲材料的期間內冷卻該基板的手段、以及用來固化擠出之格線及犧牲材料的手段。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第8項之設備,其中該等第1及第2共擠製頭之複數個多通道凹穴之每一多通道凹穴包括三通道凹穴,該等三通道凹穴各包含該中央通道及相對之第1及第2側通道,其中該中央通道以及該第1及第2側通道與該相關出口孔口連通;及其中該第1手段包含用來將格線材料射入各三通道凹穴內的該中央通道的手段,且該第2手段包含當該格線材料被射入該中央通道時用來將犧牲材料射入該三通道凹穴之第1與第2側通道內的手段。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第13項之設備,其中該三通道凹穴各界定於一第1板部與一第2板部間,該第1板部具有一第1入口開口,該第1入口開口配置於該三通道凹穴之該中央通道上方,該第2板部具有一第2及第3入口開口,該第2及第3入口開口分別配置於該三通道凹穴之該第1與第2側通道上方;及其中該用來射入格線材料之手段包括透過該第1入口開口將格線材料擠入該中央通道內之手段,且該用來射入犧牲材料之手段包括透過該第2及第3入口開口將犧牲材料擠入該第1與第2側通道內之手段。
  15. 一種用來製造光伏打裝置之方法,該方法包含:形成一半導體基板,其含有界定一第1表面之一p 型區,以及界定一第2表面之一n型區;於該半導體基板之該第1及第2表面當中選定之表面上形成複數個緊密隔開之高縱橫比金屬格線,其中形成該等金屬格線之步驟包括:配置第1及第2共擠製頭成與基板之該選定之表面相鄰,俾該第1共擠製頭之第1出口孔口界定一沿第1方向延伸之第1線,及該第2共擠製頭之第2出口孔口界定一自該第1線分離並與其平行之第2線;沿第2方向,將該第1及第2共擠製頭相對於該基板移動,同時透過該第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出金屬材料及犧牲材料,俾自該第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出之金屬材料形成一相關高縱橫比金屬格線,及自該第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出之犧牲材料形成分別配置於該相關高縱橫比金屬格線之相對側之相關的第1及第2犧牲材料部;其中該第1出口孔口及該第2出口孔口以交錯排列之方式配置,俾自該第1共擠製頭擠出之第1高縱橫比金屬格線配置於自該第2共擠製頭擠出之第2與第3高縱橫比金屬格線間,其中該等第1及第2共擠製頭之每一者包括複數個多通道凹穴,該第1共擠製頭之該等多通道凹穴之每一者包含第1通道及第2通道,該等第1通道及第2通道會聚於一輸出部分,俾該等第1通道及第2通道兩者與該第1出口孔口之相關出口孔口連通,且該第2共擠製 頭之多通道凹穴之每一者包含第1通道及第2通道,該等第1通道及第2通道會聚於一輸出部分,俾該等第1通道及第2通道兩者與該第2出口孔口之相關出口孔口連通。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中配置第1及第2共擠製頭包括將該第1及第2共擠製頭固定安裝在一連接於一犧牲材料源及一金屬材料源之擠製裝置上。
  17. 如申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中進一步包括下列步驟之至少一者:於材料擠出期間內冷卻該基板;以及固化擠出之材料。
  18. 如申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中透過第1及第2出口孔口之各孔口擠出金屬材料及犧牲材料包括將金屬材料射入於由該第1及第2共擠製頭當中一者所界定的三通道凹穴之中央通道內,同時將犧牲材料射入該三通道凹穴之相對第1與第2側通道內,其中該中央通道以及該第1及第2側通道與一相關出口孔口連通。
  19. 如申請專利範圍第18項之方法,其中該三通道凹穴界定於第1板部與第2板部間,該第1板部具有第1入口開口,該第1入口開口配置於該三通道凹穴之該中央通道上方,該第2板部具有第2及第3入口開口,該第2及第3入口開口分別配置於該三通道凹穴之該第1與第2側通道上方;及其中擠出金屬材料及犧牲材料包括透過該第1入口開口將金屬材料擠入該中央通道內,同時分別透過該第 2及第3入口開口將犧牲材料擠入該第1與第2側通道內。
  20. 如申請專利範圍第15項之方法,其中進一步包括:形成導電接觸層於該半導體基板之該第1表面上;以及將第1電極連接於該金屬格線,及將第2電極連接於該導電接觸層。
TW096140958A 2006-11-01 2007-10-31 緊密隔開且具有高縱橫比之擠製格線 TWI423460B (zh)

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