TWI386527B - 含有聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維之紗 - Google Patents

含有聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維之紗 Download PDF

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TWI386527B
TWI386527B TW95123642A TW95123642A TWI386527B TW I386527 B TWI386527 B TW I386527B TW 95123642 A TW95123642 A TW 95123642A TW 95123642 A TW95123642 A TW 95123642A TW I386527 B TWI386527 B TW I386527B
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fiber
denier
yarn
polyfluorene
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Ian Patterson
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Albany Int Corp
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Description

含有聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維之紗 相關申請案之交互參照
本案遵照35 U.S.C.§ 119請求美國臨時專利申請案第60/695,224號，申請日2005年6月29日之優先權，該案以引用方式併入此處。
發明領域
本發明係針對一種含有聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與巨丹尼纖維之紗。本發明也提供含有此種紗之織物及衣著物件，例如短襪或運動衫。
 發明背景
由棉、毛和亞麻等天然纖維作為原料所製造的紗具有絕佳觸感，但有耐用性、強度相對低、洗滌後收縮率高，結果導致組態改變的變化大等缺點。為了因應此等缺點，經由將天然纖維與合成短纖攙混來製造紗。此種紗攙合物可獲得強度及形狀安定性上的改良。數十年來，自從合成纖維與合成材料發展以來，已經將含有合成纖維特別為聚酯纖維之紗製造成為織造或針織的紡織物。對於形成織物和衣著物件有更佳手感和纖維舒適性仍然持續感興趣。如此，多方面致力於發展使用合成纖維的改良紗，紗可被織造或針織成為諸如短襪和運動衫等衣著物件。
曾經敘述多種解決此等需求的努力。美國專利第4,040,371號揭示將經過聚矽氧烷塗覆的聚酯纖維攙混其它纖維來改良聚酯纖維填充物的阻燃性。另一種聚酯纖維填充物攙合物包含以下三種成分：(1)約0.5至約3丹尼之撥水卷曲聚酯短纖維；(ii)約0.5至約3丹尼之非撥水卷曲聚酯短纖維；及(iii)聚合物之卷曲短黏合劑纖維係揭示於美國專利第4,304,817號。撥水劑之實例為聚矽氧烷塗覆組成物。美國專利第4,991,387號揭示一種可獲得具有優異膨鬆性和柔軟觸感之含聚酯及棉攙合織物之聚酯與棉攙合紗，其中該聚酯棉攙合紗包含粗丹尼短纖和細丹尼短纖。
美國專利第5,590,420、5,752,278、5,829,057、6,060,829及6,1433,368號揭示攙混織物或化學品的低摩擦係數服裝，外部服裝及纖維，其整體或於服裝的特定區具有低摩擦係數，而可減少皮膚的起水泡、長繭和刺激。美國公告申請案第2003/0039834號揭示具有低摩擦係數之纖維，包含聚合物成分和低摩擦成分，其中該聚合物成分係與低摩擦成分組合。聚合物成分之實例包括聚酯、尼龍、丙烯酸系、芳醯胺類聚合物、聚乙烯；而該低摩擦成分包括硼、鉬、超分子量聚矽氧、矽氧烷及矽氧烷/矽烷改性聚合物。
此等努力在某些領域已經成功；但仍然需要和期望具有較佳手感和舒適的紗，可被織造或針織成為織物或衣著物件。本發明經由提供一種包含聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維和微丹尼纖維之紗來滿足此項需求。本發明之紗具有織物和衣著物件的消費者所期望的柔軟感和觸感。
 發明概要
本發明係有關一種含有聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與巨丹尼纖維之紗。紗中的聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與巨丹尼纖維之攙混比為約10比約90%重量比至約90比約10%重量比。紗之巨丹尼纖維係選自於由合成纖維、天然纖維、及合成纖維與天然纖維之組合所組成之組群。本發明亦係關於一種含有本發明之紗包括單獨或與其它紗組合之織造織物或針織織物。
圖式簡單說明
第1圖說明本發明之紗。
 較佳實施例之詳細說明
本發明係針對用來織造或針織織物或衣著物件諸如短襪和運動衫之紗。根據本發明之紗含有聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維和巨丹尼纖維。紗中聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與巨丹尼纖維之攙混比係於約10比約90%重量比至約90比約10%重量比之範圍，較佳約30比約70%重量比至約70比約30%重量比之範圍且可為50：50%重量比。聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與巨丹尼纖維之用量可依對該織物所期望的感覺和觸感決定。
本發明之紗可包含聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維和巨丹尼合成纖維。本發明之紗之另一個實施例包含聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維和巨丹尼天然纖維。本發明之紗也包含聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維和巨丹尼合成纖維及巨丹尼天然纖維。依據纖維攙合物而定，本發明之紗可經著色或具有天然色。對於著色紗，微丹尼聚酯纖維較佳係於以聚矽氧塗覆之前先經過染色。
本發明非僅限於任何特殊型別的紗。「紗」一詞為通稱，係指紡織纖維、長絲、或材料的連續股線，其中個別短纖具有比紗長度更短的長度，呈適合針織、織造或交纏來形成織物的形式。技藝界已知之常見紗類型例如包括下列形式：(1)多根纖維(例如短纖)加捻在一起(紡紗)；(2)多根長絲未經加捻共同捻合(零加捻紗)；及(3)多根長絲與某種加捻程度捻合在一起。本發明之紗可藉技藝界已知技術製造。本發明之紗可經由紡紗材料諸如天然纖維或合成纖維或其組合，其中加入聚矽氧化微丹尼纖維而製造。紗可藉開放端紡紗或dreft紡紗(dreft spinning)來製造。依據終產物所要由的紗數而定，紗可於羊毛系統或於梳毛系統(worsted system)製造。第1圖為結合本發明之原理之一種紗之側視透視圖。本發明之紗也可與具有相同材料或類別的另一種紗加捻與捻合，或可與具有不同材料或類別的另一種紗加捻與捻合。
丹尼為紗纖細度的測量值。9000米纖維的重量1克，則該纖維為1丹尼。丹尼數愈低，則纖維大小愈細；丹尼數愈高則纖維愈粗。紗也可以丹尼來說明，但於本內文中，丹尼係用來描述紗的纖維成分。根據本發明之「微丹尼聚酯纖維」係指一種具有1.0或以下之丹尼之纖維。較佳微丹尼聚酯纖維為約0.5至1.0丹尼及更佳由0.7至0.9丹尼。若微丹尼聚酯纖維為著色，則以較粗的微丹尼纖維如0.9丹尼為佳。根據本發明之巨丹尼纖維具有大於1.0之丹尼。巨丹尼纖維之較佳範圍係由1.2丹尼至約6丹尼，更佳係由約1.2至4.5丹尼。一般而言，毛為用於本發明紗之較佳微丹尼纖維，毛具有約4至4.5丹尼之名目丹尼。較佳合成巨丹尼纖維諸如聚對苯二甲酸伸乙酯係於約1.2丹尼至約1.5丹尼。微丹尼聚酯纖維和合成巨丹尼纖維之纖維長度係由約1.5吋至約4吋。較佳兩型纖維長度係由約2吋至約3吋。如熟諳技藝人士已知，諸如毛或棉等天然纖維當然長度有變化。合成纖維之丹尼和纖維長度可依據織物和衣著物件的商業需求而改變。
聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維可由技藝界已知之任一種聚酯製造來製備紡織纖維。紡織用之聚酯為對苯胺甲酸酯聚酯諸如聚(對苯二甲酸伸乙酯)、聚(對苯二甲酸六氫－對伸二甲苯酯)、聚(對苯二甲酸伸丁酯)、聚－1,4－伸環己基二亞甲基(PCDT)及對苯二甲酸酯共聚酯其中至少85莫耳百分比之酯單位為)對苯二甲酸伸乙酯單位或對苯二甲酸六氫－對伸二甲苯酯單位。較佳，微丹尼聚酯纖維為聚對苯二甲酸伸乙酯(PET)。
紗之巨丹尼纖維並無特殊限制，如紡織業界已知，巨丹尼纖維可符合特定織物或衣著物件期望的性質來選用。巨丹尼纖維可為合成纖維、天然纖維、或天然纖維、合成纖維或天然纖維與合成纖維之組合。天然微丹尼纖維可為諸如毛、棉、亞麻絲及纖維素纖維等天然纖維中之任一者。合成巨丹尼纖維例如包括聚酯纖維如前文討論、丙烯酸系纖維、聚醯胺纖維諸如尼龍、聚烯烴纖維、乙酸酯纖維等。較佳天然巨丹尼纖維為毛纖維。較佳合成巨丹尼纖維為聚酯纖維。
如前述，紗之微丹尼聚酯纖維為聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維。「聚矽氧化」一詞表示微丹尼聚酯纖維之表面塗覆以聚矽氧聚合物。聚矽氧也稱作為有機矽氧烷類或聚矽氧烷類，良好鍵結至微丹尼聚酯纖維，可減少摩擦來改良紗和織物的手感。聚矽氧塗層黏著於纖維，於重複洗滌之後不會脫離。聚矽氧塗層可於微丹尼聚酯纖維與微纖維攙混之前，使用技藝界已知之施用聚矽氧塗層之方法諸如噴霧、混合、浸泡或浸染來施用至微丹尼聚酯纖維。聚矽氧塗層較佳為聚矽氧烷，諸如甲基氫聚矽氧烷、改性甲基氫聚矽氧烷、聚二甲基矽氧烷或胺基改性二甲基聚矽氧烷。聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維例如聚矽氧化微丹尼PET纖維市面上可得自威爾曼公司(Willman,Inc.)，南卡羅那州福特摩爾。於本發明紗之一個實施例中，當使用合成巨丹尼纖維時，該巨丹尼纖維也恰如前文就微丹尼聚酯纖維所述經過聚矽氧化。
如技藝界已知，聚矽氧烷可直接施用或以溶劑稀釋成溶液或乳液例如聚矽氧烷水性乳液才施用。然後塗層可經乾燥及/或固化。如熟諳技藝界已知，催化劑可用來加速含Si－H鍵之聚矽氧烷的固化，為求方便催化劑可添加至用來處理纖維的聚矽氧烷乳液和組合。適當催化劑為羧酸諸如乙酸、辛酸、環烷酸及油酸等羧酸之鐵鹽、鈷鹽、錳鹽、鉛鹽、鋅鹽和錫鹽。纖維可經乾燥來去除殘餘溶劑，然後於65℃至200℃加熱固化。
本發明之紗可用於織物和衣著物件。將聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維攙混於根據本發明之紗可降低紗的摩擦係數，結果導致紗或含該紗的織物或衣著物件更柔軟。織物為藉技藝界已知之多種手段組裝的纖維及/或紗製造的平面結構，該等手段包括但非限於編織、針織、植絨或綹編來對結構提供足夠強度或其終端用途所需的其它性質。由此等紗和織物所形成之衣著物件包括但非限於襯衫、長褲、工作服、工作褲、夾克、運動衫、襯裏、套裝、毛皮外套、頭部遮蓋物及足著物諸如短襪。織物和衣著物件較佳為織造或針織。織造織物包括平織、斜紋織和緞紋織。針織織物包括經紗針織織物和緯紗針織織物。
如此，本發明提供一種含有本發明紗之織物或衣著物件。織物或衣著物件可只由本發明之紗製造，但較好為本發明之紗與其它紗的組合。較佳實施例為含有混紡紗，其中一種紗為本發明紗之織造織物或針織織物或織造或針織衣著物件。織造可為平衡織造或針織、或不平衡織造或針織。平衡織造或針織表示織物兩邊含有大致上等量的本發明紗。不平衡織造或針織表示藉由設計及期望的結果，織物的一邊比另外一邊含有更多本發明之紗。織物或衣著物件可於全部或只有期望區含有本發明紗來改良感覺或減少摩擦。舉例言之，本發明紗可含括於短襪的角跟部來改良舒適和穿著性。
使用本發明紗製造的織物和衣著物件具有較佳絕緣性、撥水性、柔軟度和防風性。當然此等性質係與不含該等紗的類似織物做比較的相對性質。
實例
本發明之紗之纖維攙合物實例列舉如下。該等百分比係與重量有關。
實例1：45% 0.7丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，及55% 19微米毛(等於約4.5丹尼纖維)。
實例2：40% 0.7丹尼x2吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，15% 1.4丹尼x2吋PET纖維，及45% 22微米毛
實例3：40% 0.7丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，15% 1.4丹尼x2吋PET纖維，及45% 22微米毛
實例4：50% 0.7丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，及50%毛
實例5：20% 0.9丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，30% 1.4丹尼x1.5吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，及50%毛
實例6：70% 0.7丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，及30%毛
實例7：60% 0.7丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，及40%毛
實例8：20% 0.9丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，30% 1.4丹尼x1.5吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，及50% 22微米毛
實例9：70% 0.7丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，及30%毛
實例10：60% 0.7丹尼x3吋長聚矽氧化PET纖維，及40%毛
對前文之修改為熟諳技藝人士所顯然易知，但如此修改之發明不可超出如申請專利範圍之範圍。
10．．．紗
第1圖說明本發明之紗。
10．．．紗

Claims (20)

  1. 一種紗，包含a.聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維，及b.非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維，其中該聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與該非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維在紗中之攙混比為約10至約90重量百分比之間及約90至約10重量百分比之間。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之紗，其中該聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維為聚對苯二甲酸伸乙酯纖維。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之紗，其中該非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維係選自於由合成纖維、天然纖維及合成纖維與天然纖維二者的組合所組成之組群。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第3項之紗，其中該合成纖維係選自於由聚醯胺、聚酯、丙烯酸系、乙酸酯系、聚烯烴及其組合所組成之組群。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第3項之紗，其中該天然纖維係選自於由毛、棉、絲及亞麻所組成之組群。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之紗，進一步包含聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之紗，其中該聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維係於約0.5至1.0丹尼之範圍，且具有長度約1.5吋至約4吋，該非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維係於約1.2丹尼至約6丹尼之範圍；以及該聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與該非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維在紗中之攙混比為約30至約70重量 百分比之間及約70至約30重量百分比之間。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項之紗，其中該聚矽氧化之微丹尼聚酯纖維係於約0.7至約0.9丹尼之範圍，且具有長度約2吋至約3吋，非聚矽氧化之巨丹尼纖維係於約1.2丹尼至約4.5丹尼之範圍；以及聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與非聚矽氧化之巨丹尼纖維在紗中之攙混比為約40至約60%重量百分比之間及約60至約40%重量百分比之間。
  9. 一種織造織物或針織織物，包含如申請專利範圍第1、3、7或8項之紗。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之織物，進一步包含至少另一種紗。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第10項之織物，其具有平衡織造或針織。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第10項之織物，其具有不平衡織造或針織。
  13. 一種織造織物或針織衣著物件，包含如申請專利範圍第1、3、7或8項之紗。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第13項之衣著物件，進一步包含至少另一種紗。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第14項之衣著物件，具有平衡織造或針織。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第14項之衣著物件，具有不平衡織造或針織。
  17. 如申請專利範圍第13項之衣著物件，其中該衣著物件為 短襪或運動衫。
  18. 一種紗，包含如申請專利範圍第1、3、7或8項之紗與另一種紗加捻或捻合。
  19. 一種紗，包含a.聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維，及b.非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維，其中該聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維之丹尼在約0.5丹尼至1.0丹尼之範圍，且具有約1.5吋至約4吋之長度，其中該非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維之丹尼在約1.2丹尼至約6丹尼之範圍，且其中該聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與該非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維在紗中之攙混比為約30 wt%至約70 wt%之間及約70 wt%至約30 wt%之間。
  20. 一種紗，包含a.聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維，及b.非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維，其中該聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維之丹尼在約0.7丹尼至約0.9丹尼之範圍，且具有約2吋至約3吋之長度，其中該非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維之丹尼在約1.2丹尼至約4.5丹尼之範圍，且其中該聚矽氧化微丹尼聚酯纖維與該非聚矽氧化巨丹尼纖維在紗中之攙混比為約40 wt%至約60 wt%之間及約60 wt%至約40 wt%之間。
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