TWI294939B - Stretch fabrics with improved chemical resistance and durability - Google Patents
Stretch fabrics with improved chemical resistance and durability Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI294939B TWI294939B TW92105258A TW92105258A TWI294939B TW I294939 B TWI294939 B TW I294939B TW 92105258 A TW92105258 A TW 92105258A TW 92105258 A TW92105258 A TW 92105258A TW I294939 B TWI294939 B TW I294939B
- Authority
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- garment
- fiber
- treatment
- fibers
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005108 dry cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 12
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- SRRKNRDXURUMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium disulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-][S-] SRRKNRDXURUMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000141 anti-hypoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002036 drum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganate Chemical compound [O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O LBSANEJBGMCTBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
- D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/30—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with oxides of halogens, oxyacids of halogens or their salts, e.g. with perchlorates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
- D06M11/40—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table combined with, or in absence of, mechanical tension, e.g. slack mercerising
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/50—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with hydrogen peroxide or peroxides of metals; with persulfuric, permanganic, pernitric, percarbonic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/08—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/36—Textiles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
1294939 玖、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明:發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明) C發明所屬之技術領域3 本發明相關於彈性織物。就一方面而言,本發明相關 於包含有合成或天然纖維之彈性織物;就另一方面而言, 本發明相關於包含有交聯、抗熱性之彈性纖維,能夠忍受 染色或熱處理。該具交聯、抗熱性之彈性纖維可應用於各 種耐久或重複使用的織品應用,如,但不侷限於,服裝、 内衣、運動服與家具墊襯物。該具交聯、抗熱性之彈性纖 維可與已知技術,如與棉、耐龍及/或聚酯纖維共同縫合 ’很方便地形成各種織物。
L· J 15 若一材料在施加偏壓後,仍具有高比例彈性恢復現象 (亦即低比例永久狀態),即被認定為彈性材料。理想狀 況下,彈性材料結合了下列三項純:⑴低比财久狀態 ;⑴)應變時具應力低或負荷低;(iii)低應力比例或負荷鬆 他比例。換句話說,其⑴拉伸材料時所需的壓力或負荷低 ;(li)拉伸時,壓力鬆弛情況低或無,亦無未負荷現象; 収⑽在拉伸、㈣或應變未連續時,在原來尺寸上可 完全或而度恢復。 欲使用於耐用性織物,該纖維 尤/、品在染色盘数ύ 過程中維持穩定。就彈性聚 卞已… ^ 4纖維而言,要在毕色 處理過程中維持穩定,晋隹木色乂 ^ _ 須、,,工過父聯步驟。這些纖維s -種或多種不同方;切行交 ’ 應如電子束或UV用 96.07.?? 1294¾穸105258號專利申請案說明書修正頁 玖、發明說明 、石夕烧或豐氮化合物處理法、過氧化物等,就某一特定組 成之纖維而言,其中某一種方法較另一種更好。例如,聚 烯烴纖維在惰性氣體中經照射(相反情況為在空氣中照射) 之後,在染色過程中便具高度穩定性(亦即纖維不會融化 5或融合在一起)。加入立體阻礙酚或立體阻礙胺穩定劑, 可進一步幫助此種纖維在熱處理條件(200-210(rc)下保持 穩定。
Lycra®,一片段性聚胺酯彈性材料,係由EI. Dup〇nt de Nemours公司製造,最近相當普遍使用於耐用性彈性織 10物中。然而,Lvn在用於聚乙烯對苯二甲酸酯(PET)纖維 的典型高溫處理下(200-2UTC)卻無法穩定。此外,類似於 一般未經交聯的含聚烯烴纖維的彈性材料,Lycra纖維在 會提咼溫度的狀況下,如清洗、烘乾或熨燙過程,會失去 其整體性、形狀與彈性特性。因此’ Lycra無法輕易地與 15高溫纖維,如聚酯纖維,進行共同縫合應用。 目前我們發現了一種彈性織物,它可耐於其他彈性織 物無法忍X的環境。尤其是本發明之彈性織物可耐於:勾 接觸10竓重之次氯酸鈉溶液,至少14〇卞中至少分鐘· b)接觸5%重之過錳酸溶液,至少14〇卞中至少9〇分鐘;匀 2〇於至少約65 C下經工業洗滌50次;d)使用AATCC測試方法 158,以過氯乙烯乾洗20次;或e)在腐蝕環境(28_33
Baume或約20% Na〇H或其他),6〇。口進行絲光作用_、 或更長時間;其中耐處理指的是該織物經處理之後仍具有 少於20%之增長。 1294939 玖、發明說明 圖式簡單說明 第1圖為四種具南分子量的丁尼布,其包含由 AFFINITY乙婦/1-辛婦共聚物組成之纖維。每一樣本皆經 過不同的石洗過程,第一個樣本(頂端)經由葡萄酒洗 5 (vintage wash);第二個樣本經由古董洗(antiqUe wash);第 三個經由破壞洗(destructive wash);第四個(或底部)經由 漂移洗(bleach-out wash)。每一樣本的拉伸特性,在清洗 過程後與清洗前完全一樣。第一個樣本的頂端深藍色補丁 處的顏色為石洗前的顏色。 10 第2圖為sPeedo泳衣在五個月穿戴試驗後的掃描式電 子顯微鏡(SEM)影像。該泳衣具有抗氣Lycratm纖維之編織 物變形接合結構。 第3圖為第2圖泳衣的掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)影像, 加強放大顯示環狀結構。 15 第4圖為Speedo泳衣在四個月穿戴試驗後的掃描式電 子…員U鏡(SEM)下的影像。該泳衣為一與由γ乙 烯/1-辛烯共聚物纖維組成之平針織物相逢合之織物。 第5圖為第4圖泳衣的掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)影像, 加強放大顯示環狀結構。 【方式】 車父佳實施例之詳細說明 本I月之方面為_種包含有抗熱性、交聯之彈性纖 2與非彈性纖維之織物,該織物可耐嚴苛處理。實施例之 —為該織物為耐拉伸織物,並可由—種或多種交聯化之抗 1294939 玖、發明說明 熱稀fe彈性纖維加工製得。該織物可經由多種方式製造, 如編織或縫合等,並由經交聯之抗熱烯烴彈性纖維或非彈 性(硬性)纖維組合而成。這些纖維具有良好的抗化學性, 如氯,與耐久性,例如他們可重複接觸後續處理情況,如 5清洗或烘乾等,而能維持原來的形狀。舉例而言,在一實 施例中,在接觸5%重之過龜酸溶液,至少14〇卞中至少9〇 分鐘情況下,該纖維彈性改變量不超過約1〇%,及/或在增 長方面不超過約50%,較佳為不超過2〇%,更佳為不超過 10%。在另一實施例中,接觸1〇%重之次氣酸根溶液,至 10少14〇Τ中至少90分鐘情況下,該纖維彈性改變量不超過 約10% ,及/或在增長方面不超過約50%,較佳為不超過 20%,更佳為不超過1〇〇/〇。 該交聯化之抗熱烯烴彈性纖維包括乙烯聚合物、丙烯 聚合物以及全部氫化的苯乙稀立體阻礙共聚物(亦稱為催 15化性經修飾聚合物)。該乙烯化合物包含均一分支,或實 質上為線形之均一分支乙烯聚合物,以及乙烯-苯乙稀共 聚物。其他織物可用纖維範圍相當廣,包括所有已知的天 然或口成纖維,尤其是非彈性纖維。這些其他纖維範例包 括棉、羊毛、絲、耐龍、聚酯及其類似物。通常經交聯之 20抗熱烯烴彈性纖維在重量基礎上會包含少部分此種纖維。 本發明之織物包括如⑴石洗彈性棉織物;脫色彈 性财龍纖維;㈣亮色染彈性聚醋纖維(如ρΕτ广㈣乾洗 彈性纖維(如暴露於過氯乙烯中之纖維),以及(ν)接觸氯或 溴之彈性纖維,其包含一種或多種聚醋、耐龍與棉。所有 1294939 玖、發明說明 這些已知織物皆須經過使用化學物質的嚴苛加工過程,以 及曰傷σ般彈性纖維的處理,因為這些化學物質與處理 會傷害這些織物的彈性纖維成分。然而,本發明之織物包 &有特別可對抗此種傷害的纖維,因此含有這些纖維的織 5物便可特別耐用且具抗化學性。 “纖維’’指的是一材料,其長度對直徑之比例約大於1〇 之材料。纖維通常依其直徑分類。絲纖fiber) 通常定義為單-纖維直徑大於約15丹尼爾(denier);通常 大於30丹尼爾。微細纖維(fine fiber)通常定義為單一纖維 10直徑小於約15丹尼爾。微丹尼爾纖維通常定義為具有小於 100微丹尼爾直徑的纖維。 “絲纖維”或“單絲纖維,,意指一單股連續未定義(未預 定)長度之材料,相對於“棉球纖維,,,其為一不連續,已 定義長度之材料(即該股纖維已切割或分離成預定長度)。 15 術語“抗熱性,,於此指稱-彈性聚合物或彈性聚合物組成 物,以纖維形式,通過於此所述之高溫設定與染色試驗。 術語“保持原樣,,於此指稱一纖維或物件經嚴苛的處 理後能“保持原樣,,,即該纖維在經過任何嚴苛處理之後, 其任一方向的增長度小於20%。 2〇 術語“增長,,指稱一殘留的延長程度,或是在施加負 荷-段時間並允許其恢復後,纖維增長的量。該增長量係 可依據ASTMD3107定義。 術語“嚴苛的環境,,指稱-種或多種a)接觸10%重之 次氣酸鈉溶液,至少140T中至少90分鐘;b)接觸5%重之 10 1294939 玖、發明說明 過錳酸溶液,至少140T中至少90分鐘;c)於至少約“它下 經工業洗條50次;d)使用AATCC測試方法158,以過氯乙 乾洗加—人’或e)在腐姓環境(28-33 Baume或約20%
NaOH或其他),6〇〇c下進行絲光作用6〇秒或更長時間。 5 , 術5吾彈性商品’’指稱已成形的項目,而術語“彈性 材料則為聚合物、聚合物摻合物、聚合物組成物、商品 、部份或總項之統稱。 彈性”指稱一纖維,會在第一次拉伸以及來回拉伸 至100%應變(兩倍長度)後,仍能恢復5〇%長度。彈性度亦 10可以該纖維“永久狀態,,方式描述。永久狀態為彈性之反 稱。一纖維可拉伸至某一點,之後回覆至拉伸前的原點, 之後再拉伸。在纖維開始拉伸負荷的該點設定為永久狀態 之點。“彈性材料,,亦稱為“彈性體,,與“彈性體的,,。彈性 材料(有時亦稱為彈性元件)包含聚烯烴聚合物本身,以及 15 ,但不侷限於,纖維、薄膜、布條、線帶、緞帶、頁、外 衣、模組及其類似物形式之聚烯烴聚合物。較佳的彈性材 料為纖維。該彈性材料可為硫化或未經硫化,經照射或未 經照射,及/或經交聯或未經交聯。就本發明目的而言, 一彈性織物係為一包含彈性纖維之織物。 20 ‘‘非彈性材料”指一材料,如纖維,其不具如上述所定 義的彈性。 適用於本發明之纖維已於美國專利6,4375014揭露。該 參考資料中所述的交聯均一分支乙烯聚合物特別適用於製 造本發明之織物。這些纖維可單獨使用,或與非彈性纖維 11 1294939 玖、發明說明 如棉、羊毛,或合成材料如聚酯或耐龍合併使用。這些纖 維,不論是單獨使用或與其他纖維一並使用,可與其他紡 線相結合成一織物,依據已知的縫製方法,如編織或缝合 而完成。 5 下列範例係用於說明本發明,但不侷限其範圍。各比 例、份重或百分比皆為重量比,除非另有所指。 實驗
纖維說明: 纖維係由Dow AFFINITY乙烯-辛烯共聚物(MI 3克/10 10 分鐘,密度為0.875克/cc)組成,其直徑為140丹尼爾,並 經電子束(19.2 mrad)交聯化。 一般人造彈性纖維 織物說明: 3x1 RHT(右旋斜紋);100%棉捲,94%棉/ 6%交聯 15 AFFINITY填充。
範例1 :石洗 所使用的石頭為白色輕石,直經範圍約為2·4英吋。 這些石頭係在進行測試之前,浸泡於化學溶液中2小時。 石洗/视色_次亂酉复根成分 處理方式 溶液 比例 水溫 (Τ) 時間 (分鐘) 化學藥劑量 化學藥劑 成分 註解 石洗/ 次氯酸根 10:1 140 90 10%溶液, 5.25% C1(石 頭浸泡) 次氯酸鈉 3:1石頭比纖維 脫水/潤洗 10:1 170 10 潤洗 中和 10:1 170 20 0.5克/升 二硫化鈉 脫水/潤洗 冷满洗 熱潤洗 烘乾 滾筒烘乾 低 12 1294939 玖、發明說明
石洗/视色—過猛酸根成分 處理方式 溶液 比例 水溫 (°F) 時間 (分鐘) 化學藥劑量 化學 藥劑 成分 註解 石洗/ 過錳酸鉀 10:1 140 90 5%(石頭浸泡) 過锰 酸奸 3:1石頭比纖維 脫水/潤洗 10:1 170 10 潤洗 中和 10:1 170 20 0.5克/升 —石荒 化納 脫水/潤洗 冷潤洗 熱滷洗 烘乾 灰筒烘乾 低 測試結果: 為了測試石洗對於人造彈性纖維的影響,含有人造纖 5 維的彈性丁寧布係與含有AFFINITY纖維之彈性丁寧布進 行試驗。雖然此兩種纖維無法直接比較(纖維結構有些微 不同),然而此數據顯示含有人造纖維的丁寧布有明顯耗 損現象,而含有AFFINITY纖維之丁寧布則維持原狀。 試驗步驟 AFFINITY丁寧布 人造纖身 ► 丁寧布 長度 寬度 長度 寬度 經石洗,次氯酸根漂 白後,纖維足寸改變 量(AATCC 135) -2.2% -1.6% 4.9% -10.2% 經石洗,過錳酸根處 理後,後纖維尺寸改 變量(AATCC 135) -2.6% -1.7% -5.1% -10.5% 拉伸與恢復比較 (ASTMD6614) 拉伸 增長 拉伸 增長 初始 7.0% 2.9% 17.3% 4.5% 經一次石洗,次氯酸 根漂白 7.3% 3.5% 28.3% 8.0% 經一次石洗,過錳酸 根處理 7.5% 3.5% 29.9% 10.1%
含有AFFINITY纖維之丁寧布在拉伸特性上並無顯著 13 1294939 玖、發明說明 改變。而商業上可購得之含有人造纖維的丁寧布在經過次 氯酸根與過錳酸根洗後,在拉伸特性與尺寸穩定度上則有 被破壞的現象。 範例2脫色試劑 5 以1克/升二硫化鈉溶液(脫色步驟),於100°C/212°F下 進行化學還原反應1小時: 脫色步驟係為一以化學方式移除纖維上的顏色,以重 新染色之步驟。本試驗係使用常用的脫色試劑二硫化鈉。 由於已有文獻報導彈性纖維對於脫色試劑具有敏感性,染 10 色者較喜歡使用能忍受脫色試劑的纖維。 纖維說明: 纖維係由 Dow AFFINITY EG 8200(MI 5克/10分鐘,密 度為0.870克/cc)組成,其直徑為70丹尼爾,並經電子束(32 mrad)交聯化。 15 Dupont Lycra,其直徑為70丹尼爾。
Dupont Lycra—抗次氯酸根(CR),其直徑為70丹尼爾。 纖維試驗數攄 AFFINITY Lycra Lycra-CR 經處理後之最 終長度(%) 276.68 334.94 297.26 與剛處理時差 異% -16% -23% -28% 經處理後之斷 裂負荷(g) 32.35 49.21 47.37 與剛處理時差 異% 53 -43 -33 14 1294939 玖、發明說明 範例3 :游泳池的水 100 ppm次氯酸鈉(含氯漂白水),於50°C/120°F下, 24小時: 此加速反應顯示次氯酸根會漂白並破壞紡織品中的纖 5 維,且是纖維在游泳池水中會被破壞的主因。在耐用性試 驗中發現其氯離子的量大約等於會使抗氯Lycra®泳衣在每 週穿三次,五個月後耗損之接觸量。 纖維說明: 纖維係由 Dow AFFINITY EG 8200(MI 5克/10分鐘,密 10 度為0.870克/cc)組成,其直徑為70丹尼爾,並經電子束(32 mrad)交聯化。
Dupont Lycra,其直徑為70丹尼爾。
Dupont Lycra--抗次氣酸根(CR),其直徑為70丹尼爾。 15 纖維試驗數據 AFFINITY Lycra Lycra-CR 經處理後之最 終長度(%) 250.23 125.83 206.50 與剛處理時差 異% -24% -71% -50% 經處理後之斷 裂負荷(g) 38.46 2.12 15.19 與剛處理時差 異% -44% -98% -79% 範例4 :穿戴試驗 纖維說明: 纖維係由 Dow AFFINITY EG 8200(MI 5克/10分鐘,密 15 1294939 玖、發明說明 度為0.870克/cc)組成,其直徑為70丹尼爾,並經電子束(32 mrad)交聯化。 具有财龍與一般Lycra彈性纖維兩股結合針織結構之 Speedo泳衣,顯示了完全不連續的彈性纖維成分。另購買 5 一種新的具有抗氯Lycra彈性纖維的Speedo泳衣,以及含 有使用緯線縫合聚酯類(88%重)/Dow AFFINITY纖維(約 12%重)織物之泳衣。 在五個月的穿戴試驗後,抗氯泳衣出現了局部耗損現 象。掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)影像(圖2與3)顯示此種耗損 10 僅牽涉彈性纖維部分,其嚴重耗損,而耐龍纖維未受影響。 相對於抗氯彈性纖維,同樣含於泳衣内之經交聯之 AFFINITY彈性紡紗,經四個月穿戴試驗後,並無耗損現 象(第4圖與第5圖)。AFFINITY泳衣並無明顯鬆垂現象,且 該泳衣各項功能皆正常,除了聚酯紡線接觸到氧化鋅防曬 15 油、防曬乳液或油時,容易弄髒之外。 在完成穿戴試驗後,affinity泳衣係以滾筒低轉數 洗衣機清洗。該泳衣外觀上乾淨許多,因為穿戴期間所累 積的污潰和泥沙被移除。清洗之後,該泳衣仍然很合身, 並無過度鬆垂或縮水現象。 20 範例5 :洗滌 含有AFFINITY交聯纖維之織物拉伸特性: 3 X 1 LHT(左旋斜紋);100%耐龍T-66捲,84%棉/ 16% Dow AFFINITY EG 8200(MI 5 克/10分鐘,密度為 0.870克/cc),其直徑為70丹尼爾,並經電子束(22.4 mrad) 16 1294939 玖、發明說明 交聯化之纖維填充。 洗條方法 條件 纖維拉伸,%键 (ASTM-D-661 良布方向 4-00) 1次 25次 50次 MWH TDH SIM 由AATCC試驗方法135 •機器熱洗(正常循環,12分鐘) ,140°F •滾筒高轉數乾洗,160°F •蒸氣熨中溫,300°F 66.6 70.2 73.0 MWH TDH SIM 加氣(CLORX®) 由AATCC試驗方法135 •機器熱洗(正常循環,12分鐘) ,140°F •滾筒高轉數乾洗,160°F •蒸氣熨中溫,300°F 65.0 70.1 74.6 MWH TDH SIM 加氯(CLORX 2®) 由AATCC試驗方法135 •機器熱洗(正常循環,12分鐘) ,140°F •滾筒高轉數乾洗,160°F •蒸氣熨中溫,300°F 64.1 66.4 71.0 上表數據顯示該纖維歷經最少1至50次循環變化。 5 雖然本發明已經由上述實施例作詳細說明,其他不脫 離本發明精神的變化或修飾亦落於本發明範疇中。一切權 利皆以下列申請專利範圍中所述為準。所有引述之美國專 利或申請案皆附於參考資料中。 【圖式簡單說明3 10 第1圖為四種具高分子量的丁尼布,其包含由 AFFINITY乙烯/1-辛烯共聚物組成之纖維。每一樣本皆經 過不同的石洗過程,第一個樣本(頂端)經由葡萄酒洗 (vintage wash);第二個樣本經由古董洗(antique wash);第 17 1294939 玖、發明說明 三個經由破壞洗(destructive wash);第四個(或底部)經由 漂移洗(bleach-out wash)。每一樣本的拉伸特性,在清洗 過程後與清洗前完全一樣。第一個樣本的頂端深藍色補丁 處的顏色為石洗前的顏色。 5 第2圖為Speedo泳衣在五個月穿戴試驗後的掃描式電 子顯微鏡(SEM)影像。該泳衣具有抗氯Lycratm纖維之編織 物變形接合結構。
第3圖為第2圖泳衣的掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)影像, 加強放大顯示環狀結構。 10 第4圖為Speedo泳衣在四個月穿戴試驗後的掃描式電 子顯微鏡(SEM)下的影像。該泳衣為一與由AFFINITY乙 烯/1-辛烯共聚物纖維組成之平針織物相逢合之織物。 第5圖為第4圖泳衣的掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)影像, 加強放大顯示環狀結構。 15 【圖式之主要元件代表符號表】 無
18
Claims (1)
- 96.11.20 今05258號專利申諳案申請專利範囲修正本 拾、申請專利範圍 1. 一種含有交聯烯烴彈性纖維之耐用性彈性織物,其中 該織物已經受到處理,該處理係選自於由下列方法所 組成之群組: a) 於溫度至少140T下,曝露於重量百分比1〇%之 5 次氣酸鈉溶液中至少90分鐘; b) 於溫度至少丨仙卞下,曝露於重量百分比5%之 過鐘酸鹽溶液中至少9〇分鐘; c) 於溫度至少約65°C下,經工業洗滌5〇次; d) 以過氣乙烯乾洗20次; 10 e)絲光作用; 其中該織物經處理後之增長量少於2〇%。 2. 如申請專利範圍第旧之織物,其中該增長量小於1〇%。 3. 如申請專利範圍第㈣之織物,其中該織物已經受到兩 種或多種的處理。 15 4·如申請專利範圍第1項之織物,其中該織物經石洗 (stone washed) ° 5.如申請專利範圍第W之織物,其中該織物為編織 (woven)或縫合(knitted)織物。 6· —種織物物件,其係由如申請專利範圍第丨項之織物所 20 製造。 、 7· —種衣服,其係由如申請專利範圍第丨項之織物所製造。 8·如申請專利範圍第7項之衣服,其中該衣服為泳衣。 9· 一種由含有交聯烯烴彈性纖維之經處理的彈性織物所 製造的衣服,其中該處理係選自於由下列方法所組成 19 1294939 is、申請專利範圍 之群組: ^ a)於溫度至少140°F下,曝露於重量百分比10%之 次氯酸鈉溶液中至少9〇分鐘; b)於溫度至少140下下,曝露於重量百分比5%之 5 過鐘酸鹽溶液中至少90分鐘; 0於溫度至少約65X:下,經工業洗滌5〇次; d) 以過氣乙烯乾洗20次; e) 絲光作用;且 其中該衣服之增長量不多於約2〇0/。。 10 10·如申請專利範圍第9項之衣服,其中對於該纖維之處理 係於製作該織物之前。 士申吻專利範圍第9項之衣服,其中對於該織物之處理 係於製作該衣服之前。 12·如申请專利範圍第9項之衣服,其中該處理係施於該經 15 編織的衣服。 13·如申請專利範圍第9項之衣服,其中該處理包括該群組 中兩種或多種之方法。 14.如申請專利範圍第9項之衣服,其中該衣服為泳衣。 20
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- 2003-03-11 EP EP03714099A patent/EP1485531A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-11 WO PCT/US2003/007592 patent/WO2003078723A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-11 CN CNB03808094XA patent/CN100564659C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-11 TW TW92105258A patent/TWI294939B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-11 AU AU2003218113A patent/AU2003218113A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2009
- 2009-08-05 US US12/472,739 patent/US7727286B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN100564659C (zh) | 2009-12-02 |
WO2003078723A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
AU2003218113A1 (en) | 2003-09-29 |
TW200304516A (en) | 2003-10-01 |
US7727286B2 (en) | 2010-06-01 |
EP1485531A1 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
US20050164577A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
CN1646759A (zh) | 2005-07-27 |
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