TW413705B - Chitosan-coated pulp, a paper using the pulp, and a process for making them - Google Patents
Chitosan-coated pulp, a paper using the pulp, and a process for making them Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW413705B TW413705B TW087100265A TW87100265A TW413705B TW 413705 B TW413705 B TW 413705B TW 087100265 A TW087100265 A TW 087100265A TW 87100265 A TW87100265 A TW 87100265A TW 413705 B TW413705 B TW 413705B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- chitosan
- paper
- fiber
- aromatic
- pulp
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 2
- PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N (1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,30r,31r,33s,35r,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10 Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2.O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 3
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010061592 cardiac fibrillation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002600 fibrillogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCNBPSAJBSKLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nona-1(7),5,8-triene-3-carbonyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)N)=CC=C1C(=O)N1CC(C=C2)=CC=C2C1 PCNBPSAJBSKLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003369 Kevlar® 49 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006204 deethylation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012812 general test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238565 lobster Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000052 poly(p-xylylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyparaxylylene p-phenylenediamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H13/00—Pulp or paper, comprising synthetic cellulose or non-cellulose fibres or web-forming material
- D21H13/10—Organic non-cellulose fibres
- D21H13/20—Organic non-cellulose fibres from macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H13/26—Polyamides; Polyimides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/025—Compositions based on an organic binder
- F16D69/026—Compositions based on an organic binder containing fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
- D06M2101/36—Aromatic polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0082—Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/0095—Mixing an aqueous slurry of fibres with a binder, e.g. papermaking process
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
- Y10T428/2907—Staple length fiber with coating or impregnation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2927—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including structurally defined particulate matter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2938—Coating on discrete and individual rods, strands or filaments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
- Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Description
____£7 413705 A7 五、發明説明(1 ) 發明背景 發明範囿 本發明係關於紙漿,製自此種紙漿之紙,及製造此種紙 漿與此種紙之方法〇本發明之紙包含具有殼聚糖作爲添加 劑之芳族聚醯胺紙漿,且其在高溫及其他極端條件下表現 得特別良好。 先前技藝之描述 1990年1月8曰公告之曰本特許公開專利申請案9〇 23〇3, 揭示使用殼聚糖作爲製自天然纖維之紙片上之塗層,以增 加該紙片在水中之強度β此紙片係爲生物可分解的,且使 用於農業種植應用上。 1984年10月31曰公告之歐洲專利申請案123 312,揭示一 種摩擦紙,其包含以可熟化熱固性樹脂浸潰之芳族聚醯胺 纖維、填料及其他物質。此樹脂係以15至6〇重量百分比存 在於紙中。 發明摘述 Μ濟部中央樣率局貝工消费合作杜印«. 衣-------1Τ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明係關於一種芳族聚醯胺纖維,其具有長度爲〇15 至10毫米,表面積爲每克0.5至20平方米,及殼聚糖塗層, 其量爲1至10百分比,以纖維重量爲基準^此芳族聚醯胺 纖維,呈紙漿或絮凝物之形式,其可爲紙之纖維成份,該 紙包含5至95重量%芳族聚醯胺纖維、〇至20重量%黏合劑 物質及10至80重量%無機填料,其中芳族聚醯胺纖維具有 殼聚糖之塗層,其量爲1至10百分比,以纖維重量爲基準 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) 413705 A7 ________B7_ 五、發明説明(2 ) 該經塗覆之芳族聚醯胺纖維,可經由將未塗覆之纖維分 散在殼聚糖之水溶液中,並調整溶液之pH値,以使殼聚糖 沉澱於纖維上而製成。經塗覆之紙漿,亦可經由將未塗覆 之絮凝物在殼聚糖溶液中精練,而產生紙漿在溶液中之分 散液;然後調整pH値,以使殼聚糖沉澱而製成。經塗覆之 絮凝物可經由使殼聚糖如此沉澱於絮凝物之分散液上而製 成。 紙可經由將本發明經殼聚糖塗覆之芳族聚醯胺紙衆與芳 族聚醯胺紙之其他常用成份,在造紙機上合併而製成;及 其亦可經由將芳族聚酿胺紙之所有成份合併,並添加殼聚 糖,例如以水溶液形式,在造紙機上製成〇 詳細説明 一般發現當紙之芳族聚醯胺纖維含量增加時,紙之摩擦 係數會降低,且纖維在紙中之分散變得不均勻。使用較短 芳族聚醯胺纖維,會改良纖維分散之均勻性,但會造成紙 強度上之降低,而導致造紙期間之加工處理問題。一般期 望使用具有經改良紙強度及增加摩擦係數之較短芳族聚酿 胺纖維β 經濟部中央榡率局貝工消費合作社印策 --------- 妒------訂 (請先聞讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 本發明之芳族聚醯胺纖維’係製自芳香族之聚醯胺纖維 ,其中至少85%醯胺(-CONH-)鏈結係直接連接至兩個芳族環 。添·加劑可與芳族聚醯胺一起使用;且已發現可使用至高 多達10重量百分比之其他聚合物材料,與芳族聚醯胺接合 ,或可使用共聚物,其具有多達10百分比之其他二胺用以 取代芳族聚醯胺之二胺’或多達10百分比之其他二醯氣用 ___ -5- 本紙張尺度遙用中國國家揉準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) ---- 413705 經濟部中央梂率扃貝工消費合作社印策 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(3 ) 以取代芳族聚醯胺之二醯氣》對-芳族聚醯胺係爲本發明 纖維中之主要聚合物,而聚(對苯二甲醯對苯二胺)(PPD-T) 爲較佳對-芳族聚醢胺^亦發現間-芳族聚醯胺可使用在本 發明之纖維中,且聚(間苯二曱醯間苯二胺)(MPD-Ι)爲較佳 間-芳族聚醯胺。 本發明之芳族聚醯胺纖維,可爲絮凝物或紙漿。芳族聚 醯胺絮凝物係藉由切割長芳族聚醯胺織維而製成,譬如藉 由美國專利 3,063,966、3,133,138、3,767,756 及 3,869,430 中所述 之方法製成者。 芳族聚醯胺紙漿係經由將絮凝物精練而製成,或可直接 製自如美國專利5,202,184中所述之成份。所謂”紙漿"係意 謂芳族聚醯胺材料之粒子,其具有莖軸及自其延伸之原纖 維,其中莖軸大致上爲圓柱狀,且直徑約10至50毫微米, 而原纖維爲毛髮狀部份,僅不到一微米或數微米直徑連接 至莖軸,及約10至100微米長^於紙之製造中,在紙衆上 之原纖維是很重要的,以充作釣子或繫結物,以保持紙中 之相鄰粒子,及提供紙構造物之完整性。 紙亦可使用芳族聚醯胺絮凝物與芳族聚醯胺纖條體之組 合而製成,其中纖條體係用以將絮凝物與其他紙成份保持 在一起。 芳族聚醯胺纖條體有時係作爲黏合劑物質使用,以達成 本發明之目的。纖條體並非纖維。"芳族聚醯胺纖條趙„ 詞,係指芳族聚醢胺之非粒狀似薄膜粒子,其具有炫點或 分解點高於320°C。纖條體具有平均長度爲0,2至1毫米,並 -6- 本紙張尺度適用r國國家揉率(CNS ) Α4规格(210Χ297公釐) -----------*衣-- (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁> -訂- 413705 A7 ____B7 五、發明説明(4 ) 具有長度對寬度縱檢比爲5 : 1至1〇 : 1。厚度尺寸在不到 一微米之譜。此種芳族聚酿胺纖條體,在乾燥之前,可潮 濕使用,並可作爲黏合劍沉積,以物理方式纏繞紙之芳族 聚驢胺絮凝物成份。在本發明紙中之纖條體,可使用美國 專利3,018,091中所揭示類型之纖條體化裝置製備,其中係 使聚合物溶液在單步驟中沉澱及剪切。 雖然紙漿粒子之長度’係爲起始絮凝物長度之直接結果 ’但紙漿與絮凝物通常具有長度約〇 15至1〇毫米。表面積 爲欲被使用於本發明中之紙漿之一項重要特性,因爲表面 積爲原纖維化程度之一項度量,且會影嚮紙之孔隙度及可 採用於纖維間結合之有效面積。於本文中所使用紙聚之表 面積,係爲每克0.5至20平方米,而絮凝物之表面積,係爲 每克〇·〇8至〇·6平方米。由於絮凝物缺乏紙漿之原纖維化作 用,故以絮凝物製成之紙,在紙成份中經常亦具有黏合劑 ’譬如纖條體。 經濟部中央揉準局工消费合作社4-裂 ---------i-------^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本育) 加拿大標準紙漿打漿度,係根據ΤΑΡΡΙ試驗Τ 227 om-92度 量,此係爲其排水特性之一項度量,其係從10〇毫升改變 至800毫升》亦使用根據TAPPI試驗T 233 〇n-82,在Clark分粒 器之14網目篩網上保留之%,作爲纖維長度之一項度量β 對使用於本發明之紙漿而言,此量係爲〇至15%。 殼聚糖爲一種胺基多醣,其經常藉由得自海產生物(小 蝦、蟹、龍蝦、烏賊等)之幾丁質(聚-々(1,4)-Ν-乙醯基-D-葡 萄糖胺)之脱乙酿基作用而製成。脱乙醯基作用之程度, 通常係以被脱乙醯基化之胺基之百分比作報告,且其通常 本紙張尺度適用中國®家揉率(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央揉率局貝工消费合作社印隶 413705 A7 _______B7_I_ 五、發明説明(5 ) 大於50百分比。殼聚糖之分子量係爲其來源與加工處理歷 程之函數。分予量之度量,係經由度量其在0.3 Μ醋酸與 0.2Μ醋酸鈉中之固有黏度,或經由度量殼聚糖在1百分比 醋酸中之一百分比溶液,於25eC下之黏度而獲得。使用於 本發明中之殼聚糖黏度,係從10 mPa-秒改變至22,000 mPa-秒 ’及固有黏度從4改變至20公合/克。殼聚糖可以在酸類 譬如醋酸、乳酸及擰檬酸中之溶液使用,或可呈與此等酸 之鹽形式使用,譬如醋酸鹽、乳酸鹽及檸檬酸鹽。 本發明之方法係涉及以殼聚糖塗覆芳族聚醯胺纖維,無 論是在個別程序中,或作爲造紙程序之一部份。作爲個別 程序時,係將殼聚糖以醋酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、乳酸鹽、鹽酸 鹽等形式溶解於水中,於酸侧上之pH値較佳爲2.5-45或稍 高,以芳族聚醯胺纖維之重量爲基準,將約1至10重量百 分比之濃度分散於纖維中。然後,藉由添加鹼,使分散液 之pH値增加至6.5到11。較佳鹼爲氫氧化鈉,但任何適當 鹼均可使用。提升pH値會造成殼聚糖沉澱至芳族聚醢胺纖 維上,因此塗覆之。若因任何理由而有需要時,可將殼聚 糖溶解於水中,水中已具有芳族聚醯胺纖維經分散於其中 ;添加順序在經塗覆芳族聚醯胺纖維產物之製備上無差異 〇 如先前所述,芳族聚醯胺紙漿係爲芳族聚醯胺絮凝物, 其已被精練而產生原纖維。本發明之方法亦可以下述方式 實施,建立芳族聚醯胺絮凝物在殼聚糖溶液中之分散液; 及在增加pH値之前,精練絮凝物以在該溶液中形成紙漿, -8- 本紙浪尺度逍用中國圉家標牟(CNS ) A4現格(210X297公釐> u - - ^1. m^I- . ^ 1- - - --- -i - (請先閲讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁> 經濟部中央橾隼局貝工消*合作杜印製 413705 A7 --—_____ 五、發明説明(6 ) 移除水及回收經殼聚糖塗覆之芳族聚醯胺紙漿產物。 作爲造紙程序之一部份時,一種分散液或紙供料,其包 含在1至10重量百分比殼聚糖濃度下塗覆之芳族聚醯胺纖 維,以無水芳族聚醯胺纖維重量爲基準,將其倾倒在造紙 篩網上,使供料之水自纖維中移除,並使纖維乾燥以產生 紙。此紙通常爲5至95百分比之芳族聚醯胺纖維,以紙之 重量爲基準’且芳族聚醯胺纖維通常爲已被殼聚糖塗覆之 芳族聚醯胺紙漿。雖然並非較佳,但本發明可以下述方式 實施’添加殼聚糖至含有芳族聚醯胺纖維之紙供料中,然 後以殼聚糖塗覆纖維’藉由增加供料之pH値至6M1,以 使殼聚糖沉澱。在此具體實施例中,以纖維重量爲基準, 设聚糖係以1至10百分比之量添加,其在沉澱時,將會在 芳族聚醯胺纖維上造成塗層。 已發現增加供料之pH値至6.5到11是一項良好實施’而不 管芳族聚醯胺纖維係在供料中或在添加至供料中之前,以 殼聚糖塗覆。 已發現本發明之經塗覆芳族聚酿胺纖維,在其他用途中 ’特別可使用於摩擦紙。摩擦紙爲使用於動力傳輸離合器 飾面與傳輸帶中之紙,以提供較平滑之嚙合,較佳冷卻效 率及傳輸性能上之整體改良。本發明之摩擦紙,一般而言 係包含呈紙漿或絮凝物形式之補強纖維,黏合劑及填料。 摩擦紙經常以樹脂浸潰,譬如酚樹脂或聚矽氧樹脂或其組 合,以製造離合器飾面。摩擦紙通常具有約5至95重量% 紙漿或絮凝物,15至85重量%填料及0至10重量0/。黏合劑 本“張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS } A4現格(2〖〇χ2^公兼} (諳先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 訂_ 413705 A7 B7 經濟部中央榡率扃貞工消费合作社印輦 五、發明説明( ’及0至30重量%其他成份。紙漿或絮凝物爲本發明之經 塗覆芳族聚醯胺纖維。填料可爲無機材料,譬如矽藻土、 滑石、碳等。其他成份可包括其他纖維,譬如破璃纖維或 陶瓷纖維等。 本發明之紙,包含1至10重量%殼聚糖。當與未具有殼 聚糖之類似摩擦紙比較時,此殼聚糖係以令人驚訝之量, 增加本發明紙之摩擦係數;及殼聚糖係顯著地增強紙之強 度 被認爲可授與專利權者,即爲在纖維上及在本發明紙 中之殼聚糖。 試驗方法 摩擦測試裎庠 使用由 Kayness 公司(Morganstown,PA 19543)所製造之 Kayness 摩 擦測試器’測試紙片之滑動摩擦係數。藉由添加額外重物 ’使一般測試力從200克増加至1456克,以增加此項度量之 敏感度。小心實施以確保不銹鋼桌對每一次度量均爲乾淨 的,且試樣表面及不銹鋼桌上未受污染。按Kayness摩擦測 試程序所建議,將測試用之試樣,使用具有"v,型凹口之 6·3公分X 11.4公分模板切割。將各試樣環繞矩形測試重物 之底部包覆,並以膠帶牢固地貼合。每一次試驗,均將此 重物置於不錄·鋼桌之相同點。對每一次試驗操作,將力錶 設定爲零’並將機器調整至線性速度爲每分鐘152± 〇2公 分。每一次試驗’均在機器停止之前,使重物滑動大約14 公分’並記下錶上之摩擦力。對每一紙片’測試四份試樣 ’除非在表中另有指明β對各試樣,取得五個摩擦力讀數 10- 本紙張尺度適用中固國家樣牟(CNS ) Α4規格(210x297公着) ---------k— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -訂 413705 A7 ___ _____B7 五、發明説明(8 ) ' ——~ -- (請先閲讀背面之注^項再填寫本頁) ^擦係數係爲摩擦力與法向力之比例。法向力係等於其 重量。經由將摩擦力除以1456,計算滑動摩擦係數。將如 此獲得之二十個係數平均,並計算標準偏差,及報告於表 中。在此等試驗期間之實驗室溫度爲約”^ ^ 測定紙中殼聚棘之程庠 留在紙試樣中之殼聚糖量,係藉下述程序測定。將一克 乾燥紙試樣稱重至最接近〇.〇〇〇1克^然後,將試樣切成小 片塊’並放置在具有250毫升1%醋酸之5⑻毫升燒杯中。將 燒杯之内容物加熱至55-60eC,同時攪拌,歷經60分鐘。然 後’將燒杯及其内容物在冰浴中冷卻至低於3〇*c fl接著過 遽燒杯之内容物,並在經稱量皮重之容器中,於13〇"c眞空 烘箱中’使濾液蒸發至乾涸,並經由將容器放置在13〇。〇下 之強制空氣對流烘箱中30分鐘,使殘留物進一步乾燥β將 容器與殘留物放置在乾燥器中進行冷卻,然後稱重。使用 上述程序,操作未具有紙試樣之250毫升1%醋酸,作爲空 白試驗。按下述計算殘留物重量: 殘留物重量=(容器+殘留物)重量-容器重量-1%醋酸空白 試驗重量 經濟部中央揉準局貝工消费合作社印策 殼聚糖百分比係按下述測定:%殼聚糖=(殘留物重量/ 1.37) /試樣重量 使用因數1.37以將殼聚糖與殼聚糖醋酸鹽之差異納入考 量,且其係爲殼聚糖醋酸鹽對殼聚糖分子量之比例。 實例1 藉下述程序,使用20公分Χ20公分實驗室手造紙模具’ ______-11 -_____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標率(CNS > Α4规格(210X297公釐) 413705 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社中製 A7 B7五、發明説明(9 ) 製備用於摩擦測試之紙。使用具有線性密度爲2.0分特且長 度爲約86_4毫米之85重量。/。對-芳族聚醯胺絮凝物,及15重 量%經精練之間-芳族聚醯胺纖條體黏合劑,製備各手造 紙β對-芳族聚醯胺絮凝物爲一種聚(對苯二甲醯對苯二胺) 纖維產物,由Ε. I. du Pont de Nemours公司,以商標名KEVLAR® 49銷售。間-芳族聚醯胺纖條體係製自聚(間苯二甲醯間苯 二胺),如在美國專利3,756,908中所述者,並具有 Kajaani FS100數字平均長度爲0.49毫米及打漿度爲341毫升。 此外,將不同量之殼聚糖添加至紙供料中,以產生表I與Π 中所確認之紙。於表I中之紙,係使用高分子量殼聚糖製 成,而於表Π中之紙係使用低分子量殼聚糖製成。高分子 量殼聚糖係由DCV Chititt技術公司(L.P.)以商標名VNS-618供應 ,作成在水溶液中一童量百分比之殼聚糖,並具有一重量 百分比之醋酸,且在251下具有一百分比溶液之黏度爲 11,400 mPa-秒,固有黏度爲約12.5公合/克,及85.7百分比 之脱乙醯基作用程度。低分子量殼聚糖係由DCVChitin技術 公司(L.P.)以商標名VNS-589供應,作成在水溶液中三重量百 分比之殼聚糖,並具有三重量百分比之醋酸,且在25°C下 具有一百分比溶液之黏度爲14 mPa-秒,及78.9百分比之脱 乙醯基作用程度。 對各紙片,係將1000毫升水倒入英國紙漿評估裝置(ΒΡΕΑ) 中,並以0·3°/。含水漿液,添加0.4389克(以乾重爲基準)前述 聚間苯二甲醯間苯二胺(MPDJ)纖條體。將2.4871克(以乾重 爲基準)約6毫米長、微米直徑之聚對苯二甲醯對苯二胺 ______- 12- _ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) Α4规格(210X297公釐) I- ^: : : .订 (锖先閲讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央揉準局貝工消費合作社印簟 413705 A7 _________B7 五、發明説明(1〇 ) 絮凝物,伴隨著適當量之殼聚糖,添加至此混合物中β將 另外1000毫升水加入ΒΡΕΑ中β將此分散液充分地攪拌5分 鐘°於手造紙模具中充填8000毫升水,並將分散液倒入模 具中。對模具施加眞空,以移除水及形成紙片^將各紙片 取出模具,吸乾及在190 C下乾燥。然後,將紙片在平坦壓 機中,於446Χ及285千牛頓下壓製一分鐘。接著對各紙片 進行基重與厚度度量,並按下文所説明方式,將紙片用於 摩擦測試。
表I 參------訂 (請先閱讀背面之注f項再填寫本I) 所添加 之殼聚 糖% 紙上之 殼聚糖 % 基重 密度 (克/平方米)* (克/立方公分) 摩擦係數 平均標準 偏差 0 0 67.5 0.305 1 0.71 69.2 0.306 0.164 0.002 2 1.38 68.2 0.286 0.165 0.002 4 2.00 69.2 0.301 0.167 0.002 6 3.01 72.9 0.315 0.172 0.002 0.178 0.002 表n 所添加 紙上之 基重 密度 摩擦係數 之殼聚 糖% 殼聚糖 % (克/平方米)*(克/立方公分) -T m 偏差 0* 0 65.1 0.262 1 1.21 66.2 0.260 0.165 0.002 2 1.73 66.8 0.254 0.174 0.002 4 1.73 66.1 0.266 0.172 0.002 6** 2.52 66.S 0.263 0.173 0.004 0.173 0.003 -13 - 本纸張尺度逋用中國國家標率(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 413705 經濟部中央樣率局貝工消費合作社印氧 A7 B7 五、發明説明pi ) * 只有十個摩擦讀數取自此紙。 **只有十五個摩擦讀數取自此紙。 下文實例2、3及4,係説明對於以不同含量殼聚糖所塗 覆之紙漿’對於含有不同量紙漿之摩擦紙之紙強度之作用 0 對各紙片,係將PPD-T紙漿與0.393克棉絨(購自Λ纖維素 公司)’以乾重爲基準,添加至大約15〇〇毫升水中,並在英 國紙漿評估裝置(ΒΡΕΑ)中混合5分鐘^ PPD-Τ紙漿具有 Kajaani #S_200長度加權平均長度爲約0 61毫米,算術平均長 度爲約0.18毫米,及重量加權平均長度爲約148毫米^爲達 成建立較佳平均長度以供本發明實施之目的,使用此長度 加權平均長度。經殼聚糖塗覆之紙槳係以下述方式製備, 將所需要之殼聚糖量,以在一百分比醋酸中及在水中之! %溶液,添加至使用BPEA分散在水中之紙漿内,然後中和 至pH値高於8.0。此處使用之殼聚糖,係與實例1中使用之 高分子量殼聚糖(VNS618)相同。計算殼聚糖之量,係以紙 漿乾重之百分比爲基準》添加適當量之活性碳與矽藻土, 以紙之重量百分比乾重爲基準,並混合5分鐘。混合物在 此階段之pH値,對所有紙係在9與1〇之間。將0.098克腈乳 膠添加至混合物中,同時將其攪拌,並添加11克明礬在水 中之6%溶液,使乳膠沉澱至供料成份上。供料之pH値, 在所有情況中係在5與6之間。以0.44%溶液,添加大約1〇 克Bubond 65陽離子性助留劑(購自Buckman實驗室)。將供料 倒入經充填8000毫升水之大約20 X 20公分手造紙模具中。 -14 - 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標隼f έΝ& > A衫i格Ul〇X297公釐) ^— ί請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -訂 413705 A7 ___B7 五、發明説明(12) 對模具施加眞空以移除水,並形成紙片。將各紙片取出模 具,吸乾及以滾筒舖平,並在約12〇°c下乾燥。對各紙片進 行基重與厚度度量,及在Instron張力試驗機中,於央持長 度約5公分下,使用片條寬度約2.5公分,度量抗張強度。 實例2 (45%紙漿之紙) 成份 %乾重爲基準 量(克)乾重爲基準 紙漿 45 4.16 活性碳 35 3.435 15 1.472 棉絨 4 0.393 腈乳膠 1 0.098 於紙漿 抗張強度 上之殼 基重 厚度 (公斤/ 聚糖% (克/平方米) (毫米) 密度 平方公分)T.SJ密度 0 219 0.778 0.282 6.75 23.96 2 235 0.882 0.266 8.72 32.72 4 218 0.778 0.280 11.74 41.94 6 230 0.896 0.257 9.98 38.92 實例3 (33%紙漿之紙) 成份 %乾重爲基準 量(克)乾重爲基準 紙漿 33 3.238 活性碳 47 4.612 14 1.472 4 0.392 1 0.098 -15- 經濟部中央樣準局貞工消費合作社印笨 土 膠 蓬絨乳 矽棉腈 ^1. I I n n n n n ί ft n ^[- n (請先閲讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 各纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公釐) 413705 A7 B7 五、發明説明(13 於紙漿 上之殼 聚糖% 基重 (克/平方米) 厚度 (毫米) 密度 抗張強度 (公斤/ 平方公分)T.S./密度_ 0 218 0.746 0.292 4.50 15.39 2 209 0.746 0.279 6.75 24.21 4 219 0.755 0.290 6.82 23.50 6 222 0.819 0.272 6.96 25.60 實例4 (20%紙漿之紙) 成份 %乾重爲基準 量(克)乾重爲基 紙漿 20 1.963 活性破 60 5.888 珍藥土 15 1.472 棉織 4 0.393 腈乳膠 1 0.098 於紙漿 抗張強度 上之殼 基重 厚度 (公斤/ 聚糖% (克/平方米) (毫米) 密度 平方公分)T.SV密度 I- I I n Ig^--- τ» t請先一s#背面之注項存填寫本頁) 經濟部中央橾率局貝工消費合作杜印装 210 0.636 0.330 3.52 10.64 205 0.645 0.318 3.80 11.93 188 0.596 0.316 4.92 15.60 202 0.641 0.316 5.41 17.15 0 2 4 6 — —π 實例5 對各紙片,將如前述實例中使用之ppD_T紙聚與〇.88克棉 絨’添加至大約1500毫升水中,在Waring摻合器中混合5分 鐘,並轉移至BPEA。經殼聚糖塗覆之紙漿係以下述方式製 -16- 本紙張^逋用中國標準(CNS > 210x2—^7公羞) 413705 ' A7 _B7 五、發明説明(14 ) 備,將所需要之殼聚糖量,以在一百分比醋酸中及在水中 之1%溶液,添加至容器中之紙漿分散液内,然後中和此 分散液至pH値約10或較高。此處使用之殼聚糖,係與實例 1中使用之高分子量殼聚糖(VNS618)相同。計算殼聚糖之量 ,係以紙聚乾重爲基準。添加適當量之活性破與妙·藥土, 以紙之乾重爲基準,並混合5分鐘。將0.44克腈乳膠添加至 混合物中,同時將其攪拌,並添加25克明礬在水中之5% 溶液,使乳膠沉澱至供料成份上。以25%溶液,添加大約 25克Buboiid65陽離子性助留劑a將所形成之供料倒入大約 30 X 30公分手造紙模具中。手造紙模具中係充填大約34升 水,並將供料倒入模具中。對模具施加眞空以移除水,並 形成紙片。將各紙片取出模具,舖平,然後壓製並在約120 °C下乾燥。對各紙片進行厚度度量,及在Instron張力試驗 機中,於夾持長度約12.7公分下,使用片條寬度约2.5公分 ,度量抗張強度。使用如上文所詳述之相同程序,但未使 用殼聚糖,操作對照實例。 成份__%乾重爲基準 量(克)乾重爲基準 經濟部中央橾準局貝工消费合作杜印装 ^^1' ^^^1 β {請先閲讀背面之注項再填寫本頁) 紙漿 33 7.28 活性碳 46 10.14 矽藻土 15 3.31 棉絨 4 0.88 腈乳膠 2 0.44 -17- 本紙張尺(1逍用中國國家揉準(CNS ) ( 210X297公釐y 經濟部中央樣準局貝工消费合作社印笨 413705 A7 B7 五、發明説明(15 ) 於紙漿上之 厚度(毫米) 抗張強度 T.S.AT.S·於 殼聚糖% (公斤/平方公分) 0%下 0% 0.761 3.02 1 0.1 0.696 4.08 1.35 0.5 0.759 7.31 2.42 1.0 0.716 7.45 2.47 5.0 0.756 7.52 2.49 實例6 此等紙係以類似實例5之方式製成,但此處所使用之紙 漿較長,具有加拿大標準打漿度629毫升,及表面積爲4.36 平方米/克,具有14網目Clark保留度爲10.0%。此紙漿具有
KajaaniFS-200長度加權平均長度約1.03毫米,算術平均長度 約0.20毫米,及重量加權平均長度約2.63毫米。 (33%紙漿之紙) 抗張強度 殼聚糖 基重厚度 (公斤/ % (克/平方米) (毫米) 密度 平方公分) T.S./密度 0 201 0.691 0.291 3.52 12.10 0.1 207 0.728 0.285 5.89 20.68 0.5 174 0.627 0.277 6.27 22.60 1.0 193 0.717 0.268 5.23 19.47 實例7 此等紙均與實例5具有相同組成,以相同紙漿製成,但 具有另外0.45%乳膠,被添加至紙中;及在兩種情況中, 係將殼聚糖直接添加至供料,而非在將紙漿添加至供 前塗覆於紙漿上。此等結果顯示,在造紙程序之前,被塗 覆於紙漿上之殼聚糖,在改良強度上係更爲有效。 -18- 本紙張尺^適用中國國家#準(CNS > A4規格(210X297公釐) ~ —·— I— m *1·—m 111*·si. J*t— (請先M讀背兩之注意事項再填寫本買) 413705 A7 B7五、發明説明(16) 殼聚糖 % 基重 (克/平方米) 厚度 (毫米) 密度 抗張強度 (公斤/ 平方公分) T.S·/密度 0 206 0.648 0.318 5.76 18.14 2%紙漿 被加入 供料 229 0.841 0.272 4.88 17.93 3%紙漿 被加入 供料 226 0.742 0.304 8.43 27.69 1.5% 於 紙漿(潮 濕)上 225 0.845 0.265 6.76 25.45 實例8 此等紙係類似實例5製成,但使用如下文所示之組合物 。而且,殼聚糖之分子量,如由在1°/。醋酸中之1%溶液之 黏度所示,係爲不同。5700厘泊之殼聚糖,係得自 DCV Chitin技術公司(L.P.),作成乳酸鹽溶液,使用名稱爲 RNS-049,並具有固有黏度爲9.5公合/克。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印装 成份 %乾重爲基準 量(克)乾重爲基準 紙漿 33 3.238 活性碳 47 4.612 硬藻土 15 1.472 棉織 4 0.392 腈乳膠 1 0.098 -19- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標率(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公釐) 413705 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(17) 殼聚糖 基重 厚度 抗張強度 % (克/平方米) (毫米) 密度 η ι 平方公分) T.S./密度 無 11,400 厘 泊(85.7% DEA) VNS 222 244 0.752 0.838 0.297 0.296 4.29 6.89 14.44 23.28 -618 5700 厘 泊(83.2% DEA) RNS -049 240 0.863 0.277 6.05 21.83 5700 厘 泊(83.2% DEA) RNS -049 244 0.813 0.303 6.47 21.35 ---------袈— (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 此實例証實使用已被根據本發明之殼聚糖塗覆,而非僅 只是與殼聚糖混合之纖維之利益β在此實例中,係將7 28 克PPD-Τ紙漿分散在1500毫升水中,並將所需要量之殼聚糖 以在一百分比醋酸中之1%水溶液添加至其中。在下文所 示之一種情況中,係將紙漿分散液中和至ρΗ値爲約8,以 使殼聚糖沉殿,並使水自分散液中蒸發,而產生乾燥、經 殼聚糖塗覆之紙漿。 在下述其他情況中,係使水自紙漿與未經中和之殼聚糖 之分散液中蒸發,而產生紙漿與殼聚糖之乾燥混合物。 使用此等紙漿與殼聚糖成份,藉實例5之程序製造紙, 其結果在下表中提出: 20- 本紙張尺度適用中國圃家標準(CNS > Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 訂 經濟部中央標率局貝工消费合作社印裝 413705 A7 B7 五、發明説明(18 ) 於紙漿上之 殼聚糖% 厚度(毫米) 密度 抗張強度 (公斤/平方公分) T.S·/密度 2%經中和 0.927 0.351 7.49 21.35 至pH 8然後 乾燥 1%乾燥 0.953 0.335 5.80 17.31 2%乾燥 0.940 0.356 5.38 15.11 3%乾燥 0.978 0.347 5.86 16.90 ^ϋ· ^^^1 ^^^1 ^^^1 ^^^1 .3. 、v# (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印聚 21 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標率(CNS ) A4说格(210X297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 413705 Λ8 BS C8 D8 經濟部中央標率局WC工消费合作社印家 穴、申請專利範圍 1. —種芳族聚醯胺纖維,其具有長度爲0 15至1〇毫米,表 面積爲每克0.5至20平方米,及殼聚糖之塗層,其量爲1 至10百分比,以紙漿之重量爲基準。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之纖維,其中殼聚糖具有在ι% 醋酸中之1%溶液黏度爲10-22,000 mPa-秒。 3,根據申請專利範圍第1項之纖維,其中纖維爲芳族聚醯 胺絮凝物。 4,根據申請專利範圍第i項之纖維,其中纖維爲芳族聚睦 胺紙漿。 5. —種摩擦紙,其包含5至95重量。/。芳族聚醯胺纖維,與 10至80重量%無機填料,其中芳族聚醯胺纖維具有殼聚 糖之塗層’其量爲1至10百分比,以纖維之重量爲基準。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第5項之摩擦紙,其中該紙之摩擦係 數大於未具有殼聚糖之類似紙之摩擦係數至少5百分比 〇 7. —種製造經塗覆殼聚糖之芳族聚醯胺紙漿之方法,其包 括以下步驟: (a) 使芳族聚醯胺纖維分散在殼聚糖於水中之溶液 内’此溶液之pH値爲2.5至4‘5 ’其濃度爲1至百分比 ,以芳族聚酿胺纖維之重量爲基準,而產生芳族聚酿胺 纖維之分散液; (b) 改變分散液之pH値’至PH値爲6.5至11,以造成 殼聚糖沉澱,並塗覆該經分散之芳族聚醯胺纖維;及 (c) 使殼聚糖塗覆之纖維與水分離。 -22- 本紙張尺度逋用中困國家揉率(CNS > A4規格(210X297公釐) ^^1 11 »m n . (請先閲讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 訂. 經濟部中央標率局負工消費合作社印製 4137 05 as B8 C8 _ _____D8 六、申請專利範圍 8‘根據中請專利範圍第Μ之方法,其中芳族㈣胺纖維 爲芳族聚醯胺紙漿。 9‘根據中請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中係使殼聚糖溶解 以製造殼聚糖容液,然後使茅族聚酿胺纖維分散在該溶 液中。 10.根據中請專利範園第7項之方法,#中係使芳族聚磁胺 纖維分散以製造芳族聚醯胺纖維分散液,然後使殼聚糖 溶解於該分散液中。 11·根據申請專利範iU 7項之方法’其中芳族聚驢胺纖維 爲芳族聚醢胺絮凝物,且其中在步驟⑻之後及在步驟⑻ 之前,係將芳族聚醯胺絮凝物精練以製造芳族聚醯胺紙 漿。 12, 一種製造含有芳族聚醯胺紙漿之紙之方法,其包括以下 步驟: (a) 建立含水紙供料,其包含5至95百分比之芳族聚 眭胺纖維,以紙之總重量爲基準,其中纖維爲〇15毫米 至10毫米長,且具有1至10重量百分比之殼聚糖塗層, 以纖維之重量爲基準; (b) 將步驟(a)之供料傾倒至造紙篩網上,以自芳族 聚醯胺纖維中移除水;及 (c) 使芳族聚醯胺纖維乾燥而產生紙。 13. 根據申請專利範圍第Π項之方法,其中步驟㈤之供料 係藉下述方式建立: (i) 使芳族聚醯胺纖維分散在殼聚糖於水中之溶液 ^^1 ^^1 1^1 in ^^1 In HI - -— ml ^^1 n· (請先閩讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -23- 413705 ABCD 六、申請專利範圍 内,殼聚糖濃度爲1至10百分比,以芳族聚醯胺纖維之 重量爲基準;及 (ii) 改變水之pH値至6.5到11。 14.根據申請專利範圍第12項之方法,其中係在步驟⑻之 後及在步驟(b)之前,使供料之pH値改變至6.5到11。 ·· I— 1.^1 - I Jx/ ^^1 !l— n I— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標率局貝工消費合作社印笨 -24- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)
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US08/781,331 US5827610A (en) | 1997-01-10 | 1997-01-10 | Chitosan-coated pulp, a paper using the pulp, and a process for making them |
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EP (1) | EP0953081B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4338224B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100480851B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1119456C (zh) |
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BR (1) | BR9806730A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2275199C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69804586T2 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA001139B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2172871T3 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW413705B (zh) |
UA (1) | UA47504C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1998030752A1 (zh) |
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CN1243558A (zh) | 2000-02-02 |
AU726105B2 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
KR100480851B1 (ko) | 2005-04-07 |
ES2172871T3 (es) | 2002-10-01 |
BR9806730A (pt) | 2000-02-29 |
EA001139B1 (ru) | 2000-10-30 |
AU5908898A (en) | 1998-08-03 |
KR20000070014A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
US6139688A (en) | 2000-10-31 |
DE69804586D1 (de) | 2002-05-08 |
EA199900634A1 (ru) | 2000-02-28 |
CA2275199C (en) | 2005-08-23 |
EP0953081B1 (en) | 2002-04-03 |
EP0953081A1 (en) | 1999-11-03 |
UA47504C2 (uk) | 2002-07-15 |
US5998026A (en) | 1999-12-07 |
US5827610A (en) | 1998-10-27 |
WO1998030752A1 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
JP4338224B2 (ja) | 2009-10-07 |
DE69804586T2 (de) | 2002-11-14 |
JP2001508506A (ja) | 2001-06-26 |
CA2275199A1 (en) | 1998-07-16 |
CN1119456C (zh) | 2003-08-27 |
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