TW212144B - Process for the recovery of rhodium from residues of carbonylation reactions - Google Patents
Process for the recovery of rhodium from residues of carbonylation reactions Download PDFInfo
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- TW212144B TW212144B TW82101425A TW82101425A TW212144B TW 212144 B TW212144 B TW 212144B TW 82101425 A TW82101425 A TW 82101425A TW 82101425 A TW82101425 A TW 82101425A TW 212144 B TW212144 B TW 212144B
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/04—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G55/00—Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/20—Carbonyls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/40—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J31/4015—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals
- B01J31/4023—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J31/4038—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper containing noble metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/54—Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides
- C07C51/573—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
- C22B11/042—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/048—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from spent catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/009—General processes for recovering metals or metallic compounds from spent catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/34—Other additions, e.g. Monsanto-type carbonylations, addition to 1,2-C=X or 1,2-C-X triplebonds, additions to 1,4-C=C-C=X or 1,4-C=-C-X triple bonds with X, e.g. O, S, NH/N
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
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- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Description
212144 a6 ___B6___ 五、發明説明(1 ) (請先閲坨背而之注-於項再塡寫本頁) 本發明係關於自碳醯化反應殘渣回收铑之方法。碳醯 化一詞通常指在有機化合物內引進碳醯基。某些最重要的 碳醯化,亦在工業上進行者,是利用烯烴與一氧化碳和氫 合成醛,以及利用醇類和/或酯類和/或醚類與一氧化碳 反應,合成竣酸和羧酸酐。此等碳醯化通常只在催化反應 的碳醯絡金屬和碳醯錯合物存在下,做爲插入反應進行。 於本發明文脈中,碳醯化係指甲醇和/或乙酸甲酯和 /或二甲醚,與一氧化碳的反應。在此情況下產生乙酸和 乙酸酐,一方面使用碳醯絡鈷觸媒連同碘轉化劑,另方面 使用碳醯絡铑觸媒連同碘促進劑,由甲醇和一氧化碳製造 乙酸,已載於Ullmann氏「工業化學百科」第5版A1卷 47 — 50 頁,VCH 出版社,Weinheim (1985)。在同書 72 — 74 頁簡述乙酐的製造,是由乙酸甲酯或二甲醚在姥和鎳化合 物存在下反應,利用適用觸媒甲基碘、碘化氫、Li I、12 或其他碘化物加以活化。雖然,乙酸甲酯的碳醯化直接導 至乙酐,但二甲醚與一氧化碳的反應先形成乙酸甲酯,再 與一氧化碳重新反應,而轉化成乙酐。 經濟部中央標準局R工消費合作社印製 碳醯化製成的物質混合物,利用蒸餾加工,原先使用 的碳醯化觸媒集於蒸餾造成的殘渣內。由殘渣回收金屬, 尤其是铑,是整個製程的重要部份。 歐洲專利0210017 A1係關於酯類和醚類在碘化物存在 下,以铑/鋰催化碳酿化產生的殘渣回收铑之方法。殘渣 是用醇,尤其是三級醇,諸如三級丁醇或三級戊醇、羧酸 或羧酸酯,提高溫度處理,在此情況下,固體析出,實際 本紙張尺度適用中國0家桴準(CNS)甲4規格(210 X 297公货) 212144_μ_ 五、發明説明(2 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再is寫本頁) 上完全含有铑’錯合物。爲分離念狀成份,析出的固體使用 特殊溶劑,例如烷類、環烷類或醚類萃取。 使用初級或二級醇析出含姥固體,會大爲降低铑回收 率〇 歐洲專利0240703號係關於使用Ci-4醚類和醇類,利 用液體對液體萃取,自乙酸甲酯和/或二甲醚的碳醯化所 製成受汚染觸媒溶液,脫離有機殘渣,而回收铑之方法。 醚相再以碘和/或甲基碘處理,在此過程中分離析出的觸 媒錯合物,並利用蒸餾分離有機相。 此法已獲證實,但需較高耗費。 德國專利32 08 060 A1記載自碳醯化反應殘渣回收貴 金屬的方法,殘渣先在第一階段用醇,最好是甲醇處理: 再除去不高於25。(:的低沸點物。於剩餘殘渣加胺,使用鹵 酸多次萃取分離铑。此法需要許多加工步驟,在眞空下利 用蒸餾分離低沸點物,需要高度費用的設備。此外,使用 鹵酸萃取有其缺點,因爲必須順從鹵酸和鹵化溶劑處理的 方向。 經濟部中央標準局R工消費合作社印奴 所以,本發明之目的在於提供一種製法,可免上述缺 點,可以簡單方式在工業上實施,使用習知輔助材料,而 且確保铑回收率高。 此目的係利用自甲醇和/或乙酸甲酯和/或二甲琴的 碳醯化所製成含乙酐的殘渣回收铑之方法達成,包括:於 殘渣添加C2-5羧酸,將殘渣和添加的羧酸加熱至3〇- 100 °C,按每莫耳乙酐加1 一丨〇莫耳甲醇,在乙酐與甲醇反應 2 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)肀4规格(210 X 297公釐) 212144 Λ6 B6 經濟部中央標準局8工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(3 ) 後,利用蒸餾除去比羧酸更易沸騰的成份,冷却至溫度< 50 °C,分離析出的含铑固體。 甲醇和/或乙酸甲酯和/或二甲醚經碳醯化生成的殘 渣,除次要量的高沸點成份外,宜含主要成份的乙酸和乙 酐。殘渣含10 — 60%重量的乙酐,尤指15 — 50%,而以20 -40%爲佳。此外,殘渣具有較低量之铑,2〇〇 — 2〇〇〇 ppm,尤指 250 — 1500 ppm,以 280 — 1000 ppm 爲佳。於 殘渣添加羧酸量,是使殘渣含铑爲10 — 150 ppm,尤指30 —120 ppm,以 50 — 100 ppm 爲佳。 適當羧酸爲乙酸、丙酸、正丁酸、異丁酸、正戊酸、 2 —甲基丁酸和3 ~甲基丁酸。乙酸爲特別適用的羧酸。 殘渣連同添加的羧酸再加熱至30 — 100 °C,尤指35 — 90 °C,以40 — 80 °C爲佳。再對受熱的殘渣連同添加的羧酸 ,添加甲醇。所需甲醇量係基於殘渣內存在的乙酐量。每 莫耳乙酐添加1 _ 10莫耳甲醇,尤指1.5 — 7莫耳,最好 是2_6莫耳甲醇。 混合物再反應至乙酐反應到充分程度。較羧酸更易沸 騰的成份,即乙酸甲酯,還可能有過量甲醇,即利用蒸餾 分離。蒸餾可在50 — 200 °C的提升溫度進行。 較羧酸更易沸騰的成份分離後,蒸餾殘渣冷却至溫度 < 50 ·(:,尤指40 °C,以S 35 °C爲佳,而以S 30 °C特佳。 冷却後,產生含姥沉析物,其組成物尙未正確明瞭。 顯然爲金屬姥和铑錯合物的混合物,除一氧化碳和碘化物 外,另含有含磷配合基,尤指三烷基膦。過濾後,此沉析 3 各紙張尺度適用中因《家標準(CNS)甲4规恪(2i〇 x 297公釐) (請先閲讀背而之注念事項再塡寫本頁) —裝· ,^τ. 乂 212144 A6 B6 五、發明説明(4 ) 物可利用乙酸和三烷基膦或三烷基鹵化膦,添加一氧化碳 ,在60 — 90 °C短時間內,轉化成溶化型,正好在反應器留 下金屬壁膜。所得溶液即可做爲觸媒回到碳醯化製程。 以下實施例用以支持而非限制本發明。 實施例 含3 30 ppm鍺和0.131莫耳乙酐的0.50克殘渣,置放 於圓底燒瓶內,攪拌中添加187.9克乙酸。由此所得均質 混合物加熱至40 °C,在15分鐘過程中加8.4克(0.262莫 耳)甲醇。混合物在攪拌中又反應60分鐘,再蒸餾至1〇9 °C (在蒸餾單元k部測得),除去低沸點餾份。生成32.2 克蒸餾物。殘渣冷却至20 °C,並攪拌20小時。析出的含姥 固體再利用過濾分離。1.33毫克铑,即原用姥的8·1 %重 量,仍均質溶入生成的母液內。 濾除的固體回到圓底燒瓶,加60.0克乙酸和6.〇克甲 基三正丁基碘化_,混合物在80 °C攪拌60分鐘,通入一氧 化碳。生成清澈的均質溶液,铑含量14.65毫克,相當於 原用铑量的88.8%重量。 ------1-1----.------产------裝------··.玎------^ (請先閲讀背而之注念^-項再塡寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 *' 4 〜 衣紙張又度適用中S®家桴準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公货)
Claims (1)
- A7 会 B7 C7 D7 六、申請專利範園 (靖先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) (T一種自甲醇和/或乙酸甲酯和/或二甲醚的碳醯化 所生成含乙酐殘渣回收铑之方法,包括於殘渣添加C2-5竣 酸,將殘渣和添加的羧酸加熱至30— 1〇〇 »c,按每莫耳乙 酐添加1 一 10莫耳,在乙酐與甲醇反應之後,利用蒸餾除 去較羧酸更易沸騰的成份,冷却至幺50 °C,並分離除去析 出之含姥固體者。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,殘渣含10 _ 60%重量的乙軒,尤指15 — 50%,而以20 — 40%爲佳者。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,殘渣含2〇〇 裝· —20 00 ppm 鍺,尤指 250 -1500 ppm,而以 28 0 — 1000 ppm爲佳者。 4如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,羧酸添加於 殘渣,使殘渣含10 — 150 ppm铑,尤指3〇 _ 12〇 ppm,而 以50 — 10 0 ppm爲佳者。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,所用羧酸爲 乙酸者。 . 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,殘渣和添加 之駿酸,加熱至35 — 90 °C,尤指40 — 80 °C者。 蛭濟部中央螵準局貝工消費合作社印製 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,每莫耳乙軒 添加1.5 - 7莫耳甲醇,尤指2 - 6莫耳者。 8. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,較羧酸更易 沸騰的成份’可能過量使用之乙酸甲酯和甲醇,是利用蒸 飽除去者。 9. 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中,較羧酸更易 5 297 公» ) 本紙張又度適間中β國家襟竿(CNS)甲4规格(210 A7 B7 212144 C7 _D7_ 六、申請專利範圍 沸騰的成份分離除去後,混合物冷却至< 40 °C,尤指S 35 °C,最好是< 30 °C者。| -------— -------/----^----裝------#.少 嫌 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 經濟部中央螵準局員工消費合作社印製 6 本紙張尺度適用中國因家標準(CNS)甲4规格(210 X 297公釐)
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DE19924210027 DE4210027A1 (de) | 1992-03-27 | 1992-03-27 | Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung von Rhodium aus Rückständen von Carbonylierungsreaktionen |
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TW212144B true TW212144B (en) | 1993-09-01 |
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TW82101425A TW212144B (en) | 1992-03-27 | 1993-02-27 | Process for the recovery of rhodium from residues of carbonylation reactions |
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EP (1) | EP0564862A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH0784629B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100251252B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1077908A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU656844B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9301283A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2092049C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE4210027A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX9301572A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW212144B (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA931987B (zh) |
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US7196227B2 (en) | 2002-12-23 | 2007-03-27 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process for the recovery of phosphorus and iodine containing catalyst components |
BE1030095B1 (nl) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-07-26 | Indaver Nv | Werkwijze voor het verwerken van vloeibare farmacochemische en/of fijnchemische afvalstoffen omvattende organische solventen en edelmetalen |
BE1030097B1 (nl) | 2021-12-24 | 2023-07-25 | Indaver Nv | Werkwijze voor het optimaliseren van vloeibare farmacochemische en/of fijnchemische afvalstoffen omvattende organische solventen en edelmetalen |
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DE591195C (de) * | 1931-04-25 | 1934-01-18 | Consortium Elektrochem Ind | Verfahren zur Trennung fluessiger Gemische von Essigsaeureanhydrid, Essigsaeure und Wasser |
DE1290535C2 (de) * | 1968-01-31 | 1975-11-20 | Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen | Verfahren zur abtrennung und wiedergewinnung von rhodium aus hydroformylierungsprodukten |
US4340569A (en) * | 1981-03-06 | 1982-07-20 | The Halcon Sd Group, Inc. | Treatment of carbonylation residues |
US4434241A (en) * | 1982-09-27 | 1984-02-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Catalyst recovery process from tar from carbonylation reactions |
US4578368A (en) * | 1985-05-06 | 1986-03-25 | Eastman Kodak Company | Catalyst recovery process |
US4659682A (en) * | 1985-07-08 | 1987-04-21 | The Halcon Sd Group, Inc. | Recovery of noble metal values from carbonylation residues |
US4605541A (en) * | 1985-08-26 | 1986-08-12 | The Halcon Sd Group, Inc. | Recovery of noble metal values from carbonylation residues using immiscible liquids |
DE3610603A1 (de) * | 1986-03-29 | 1987-10-01 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur reinigung und rueckgewinnung der bei der carbonylierung von methylacetat und/oder dimethylether anfallenden verunreinigten katalysatorloesung |
GB8618710D0 (en) * | 1986-07-31 | 1986-09-10 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Recovering metals |
US4950629A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1990-08-21 | Eli Lilly And Company | Process for catalyst recovery |
DE3903909A1 (de) * | 1989-02-10 | 1990-08-16 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur entfernung metallischer korrosionsprodukte aus einer bei der carbonylierung von methanol und/oder methylacetat und/oder dimethylether anfallenden, verunreinigten katalysatorloesung |
-
1992
- 1992-03-27 DE DE19924210027 patent/DE4210027A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-02-27 TW TW82101425A patent/TW212144B/zh active
- 1993-03-18 EP EP19930104407 patent/EP0564862A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1993-03-19 JP JP6046393A patent/JPH0784629B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-19 CA CA 2092049 patent/CA2092049C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-19 ZA ZA931987A patent/ZA931987B/xx unknown
- 1993-03-19 MX MX9301572A patent/MX9301572A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-19 KR KR1019930004234A patent/KR100251252B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-24 BR BR9301283A patent/BR9301283A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-03-25 CN CN93103475A patent/CN1077908A/zh active Pending
- 1993-03-26 AU AU35451/93A patent/AU656844B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0641653A (ja) | 1994-02-15 |
CA2092049C (en) | 2000-10-31 |
EP0564862A1 (de) | 1993-10-13 |
KR930019557A (ko) | 1993-10-18 |
KR100251252B1 (ko) | 2000-04-15 |
MX9301572A (es) | 1993-11-01 |
DE4210027A1 (de) | 1993-09-30 |
BR9301283A (pt) | 1993-10-05 |
AU3545193A (en) | 1993-09-30 |
AU656844B2 (en) | 1995-02-16 |
JPH0784629B2 (ja) | 1995-09-13 |
ZA931987B (en) | 1993-10-19 |
CN1077908A (zh) | 1993-11-03 |
CA2092049A1 (en) | 1993-09-28 |
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