TW202420049A - 具有屏內感測功能的顯示裝置 - Google Patents
具有屏內感測功能的顯示裝置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明提出一種顯示裝置,包括:顯示面板,包括複數個子像素區域,各包括像素電路,每個像素電路包括:二極體,在像素電路的顯示階段中被設置為順向偏壓狀態,以用於發光,在像素電路的感測階段中被設置為逆向偏壓狀態,以用於產生感測電壓;驅動電晶體,用於在顯示階段中驅動二極體;讀出電晶體,感測電壓在感測階段中被施加至讀出電晶體的閘極,以使讀出電晶體作為源極追隨器;第一至第七電晶體,分別被施加閘極控制訊號,以使像素電路在顯示階段以及感測階段之間切換;以及電容,用於在顯示階段中儲存要寫入二極體的資料電壓。
Description
本發明係關於一種顯示裝置,特別是一種能夠在同一個像素電路中同時實現顯示與感測兩種功能以具有屏內感測功能的顯示裝置。
一般來說,顯示裝置僅具備顯示功能。有些顯示裝置同時具有顯示和觸控功能。然而,當需要進行感測時,例如,當需要使用光學指紋感測器(Optical Fingerprint Sensor, OFPS)進行感測時,光學指紋感測器會需要以另一個獨立的裝置實施。此外,當在顯示裝置下方貼合光學式感測模組時,會產生額外的成本、額外的厚度、以及貼合時的額外良率風險。
此外,由於感測的面積取決於感測器的面積,因此,感測的面積會遠小於整個面板的面積。另,由於光學式感測模組係貼合於顯示裝置的下方,被感測物件與感測器之間的元件會導致光被遮擋。
因此,需要提供一種能將感測功能以及顯示功能整合在同一個像素電路的顯示裝置,以克服上述問題。
為達到有效解決上述問題之目的,本發明提出一種顯示裝置,包括:一顯示面板,包括複數個子像素區域,各包括一像素電路,每個像素電路包括:一二極體,在該像素電路的一顯示階段中被設置為一順向偏壓狀態,以用於發光,以及在該像素電路的一感測階段中被設置為一逆向偏壓狀態,以用於產生一感測電壓;一驅動電晶體,用於在該顯示階段中驅動該二極體;一讀出電晶體,該感測電壓在該感測階段中被施加至該讀出電晶體的一閘極,以使該讀出電晶體作為一源極追隨器(source follower);第一至第七電晶體,該第一至第七電晶體的閘極分別被施加閘極控制訊號,以使該像素電路在該顯示階段以及該感測階段之間切換;以及一電容,用於在該顯示階段中儲存要寫入該二極體的一資料電壓;一第一電路,藉由施加該等閘極控制訊號至每個像素電路,以使每個像素電路分別在該顯示階段以及該感測階段之間切換;以及一第二電路,用於施加一初始化電壓、該資料電壓、一驅動電壓以及一共用電壓,且該第二電路包括複數個讀出電路,用於在該像素電路的該感測階段中將該感測電壓讀出。
較佳地,該閘極控制訊號包括第一至第四閘極控制訊號,該第一閘極控制訊號分別被施加至該第一電晶體與該第五電晶體的該等閘極,該第二閘極控制訊號分別被施加至該第二電晶體與該第三電晶體的該等閘極,該第三閘極控制訊號分別被施加至該第四電晶體與該第六電晶體的該等閘極,以及該第四閘極控制訊號被施加至該第七電晶體的該閘極。
較佳地,該二極體包括微發光二極體、次毫米發光二極體、以及有機發光二極體其中之一,以及該等電晶體包括P型金氧半場效電晶體、N型金氧半場效電晶體、薄膜電晶體、低溫多晶矽薄膜電晶體、低溫多晶氧化物薄膜電晶體其中之一或其組合。
較佳地,每個讀出電路對應並且連接至同一行的複數個像素電路,以將該行的該等像素電路中的該感測電壓讀出其中,以及每個讀出電路包括一類比數位轉換器,用於執行類比數位轉換,以將該感測電壓讀出。
較佳地,在每個該像素電路中,該第一電晶體的一第一電極被施加該驅動電壓,該第一電晶體的一第二電極連接至一第一節點,該第二電晶體的一第一電極被施加該資料電壓,該第二電晶體的一第二電極連接至該第一節點,該第三電晶體的一第一電極連接至一第二節點,該第三電晶體的一第二電極連接至一第三節點,該第四電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第二節點,該第四電晶體的一第二電極連接至一第四節點,該第五電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第三節點,該第五電晶體的一第二電極連接至一第五節點,該第六電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第四節點,該第六電晶體的一第二電極連接至該第五節點,該第七電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第四節點,該第七電晶體的一第二電極連接至該讀出電晶體的一第一電極,該驅動電晶體的一閘極連接至該第二節點,該驅動電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第一節點,該驅動電晶體的一第二電極連接至該第三節點,該讀出電晶體的該閘極連接至該第五節點,該讀出電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第七電晶體的該第二電極,該讀出電晶體的一第二電極被施加該共用電壓,該二極體的一第一電極連接至該第五節點,該二極體的一第二電極被施加該共用電壓,該電容的一端被施加有該驅動電壓,一端連接至該第二節點,以及該初始化電壓被施加至該第四節點。
較佳地,該感測階段包括:一第一感測階段,用於初始化該像素電路及該二極體,以使該像素電路能寫入該資料電壓以及使該二極體處於該逆向偏壓狀態;以及一第二感測階段,該二極體開始累積電荷,以產生該感測電壓,並將該感測電壓讀出,以及該顯示階段包括:一第一顯示階段,用於寫入該資料電壓;以及一第二顯示階段,用於使該二極體根據該資料電壓發光。
較佳地,在該第一感測階段,該第一至第四閘極控制訊號分別控制該第一至第七電晶體,以使該第四電晶體以及該第六電晶體為導通,該第一電晶體、該第二電晶體、該第三電晶體、該第五電晶體、該第七電晶體為關斷,直到該第二感測階段開始前將該第四電晶體以及該第六電晶體關斷,在該第二感測階段,該第一至第四閘極控制訊號分別控制該第一至第七電晶體,以使該第七電晶體為導通,該第一電晶體、該第二電晶體、該第三電晶體、該第四電晶體、該第五電晶體、以及該第六電晶體為關斷,直到該第一顯示階段開始前將該第七電晶體關斷,在該第一顯示階段,該第一至第四閘極控制訊號分別控制該第一至第七電晶體,以使該第二電晶體以及該第三電晶體為導通,該第一電晶體、該第四電晶體、該第五電晶體、該第六電晶體以及該第七電晶體為關斷,以及在該第二顯示階段,該第一至第四閘極控制訊號分別控制該第一至第七電晶體,以使該第二電晶體、該第三電晶體、該第四電晶體、該第六電晶體以及該第七電晶體為關斷,且在該第二顯示階段開始後使該第一電晶體以及該第五電晶體為導通。
較佳地,在該第二感測階段,該讀出電晶體係用作為該源極追隨器,以使該感測電壓以該第五節點作為一輸入電壓的方式輸入至該讀出電晶體的該閘極,且以位於該讀出電路的一輸出電壓讀出該感測電壓。
較佳地,該顯示面板包括複數個面板區域,每個面板區域包括第一像素列至第j像素列,每列像素列皆包括複數個子像素區域,以及藉由施加該等閘極控制訊號至每個像素電路,在執行完一面板區域中的一列像素列的該感測階段後,直接跳到執行下一個面板區域中的對應列像素列的該感測階段。
較佳地,該顯示裝置進一步包括一補償比對部,用於根據鄰近於處於感測階段中的該像素電路的該二極體的處於該顯示階段中的該像素電路的該二極體的顯示內容,去比對校正該二極體的該感測電壓
爲使熟悉該項技藝人士瞭解本發明之目的、特徵及功效,茲藉由下述具體實施例,並配合所附之圖式,對本發明詳加說明如下。
現在將參考其中示出本發明概念的示例性實施例的附圖在下文中更充分地闡述本發明概念。以下藉由參考附圖更詳細地闡述的示例性實施例,本發明概念的優點及特徵以及其達成方法將顯而易見。然而,應注意,本發明概念並非僅限於以下示例性實施例,而是可實施為各種形式。因此,提供示例性實施例僅是為了揭露本發明概念並使熟習此項技術者瞭解本發明概念的類別。在圖式中,本發明概念的示例性實施例並非僅限於本文所提供的特定實例且為清晰起見而進行誇大。
本文所用術語僅用於闡述特定實施例,而並非旨在限制本發明。除非上下文中清楚地另外指明,否則本文所用的單數形式的用語「一」及「該」旨在亦包括複數形式。本文所用的用語「及/或」包括相關所列項其中一或多者的任意及所有組合。應理解,當稱元件「連接」或「耦合」至另一元件時,所述元件可直接連接或耦合至所述另一元件或可存在中間元件。
相似地,應理解,當稱一個元件(例如層、區或基板)位於另一元件「上」時,所述元件可直接位於所述另一元件上,或可存在中間元件。相比之下,用語「直接」意指不存在中間元件。更應理解,當在本文中使用用語「包括」、「包含」時,是表明所陳述的特徵、整數、步驟、操作、元件、及/或組件的存在,但不排除一或多個其他特徵、整數、步驟、操作、元件、組件、及/或其群組的存在或添加。
此外,將藉由作為本發明概念的理想化示例性圖的剖視圖來闡述詳細說明中的示例性實施例。相應地,可根據製造技術及/或可容許的誤差來修改示例性圖的形狀。因此,本發明概念的示例性實施例並非僅限於示例性圖中所示出的特定形狀,而是可包括可根據製造製程而產生的其他形狀。圖式中所例示的區域具有一般特性,且用於說明元件的特定形狀。因此,此不應被視為僅限於本發明概念的範圍。
亦應理解,儘管本文中可能使用用語「第一」、「第二」、「第三」等來闡述各種元件,然而該些元件不應受限於該些用語。該些用語僅用於區分各個元件。因此,某些實施例中的第一元件可在其他實施例中被稱為第二元件,而此並不背離本發明的教示內容。本文中所闡釋及說明的本發明概念的態樣的示例性實施例包括其互補對應物。本說明書通篇中,相同的元件編號或相同的指示物表示相同的元件。
此外,本文中參考剖視圖及/或平面圖來闡述示例性實施例,其中所述剖視圖及/或平面圖是理想化示例性說明圖。因此,預期存在由例如製造技術及/或容差所造成的相對於圖示形狀的偏離。因此,示例性實施例不應被視作僅限於本文中所示區的形狀,而是欲包括由例如製造所導致的形狀偏差。因此,圖中所示的區為示意性的,且其形狀並非旨在說明裝置的區的實際形狀、亦並非旨在限制示例性實施例的範圍。
需要說明的是,本發明的像素電路可實施在紅色子像素、藍色子像素、綠色子像素、白色子像素等任意子像素中,但本發明不限於此。
請參考圖1A,圖1A為僅具顯示功能的顯示裝置的操作時序圖。如圖1A所示,僅具顯示功能的顯示裝置係以逐列的方式顯示,從左上角至右下角,最後組成一個圖框。一個圖框時間Tf包括:第一顯示階段D1,用於初始化電路;第二顯示階段D2,用於寫入資料;第三顯示階段D3,用於發光以顯示資料。由於顯示裝置僅有顯示功能,因此,一個圖框時間Tf等於第一顯示階段D1至第三顯示階段D3的總和。
應理解的是,在電路實際運作時,各階段之間會有切換的時間,而為了便於理解,在本說明書中,各階段的時長包括實際執行對應的動作以及切換至下一個階段的時間,例如,第二顯示階段D2包括寫入資料以及切換至第三顯示階段D3的時間。
接下來,請參考圖1B,圖1B為本發明的顯示裝置的操作時序圖。由於本發明將感測功能以及顯示功能整合至顯示裝置中的同一個像素電路中,因此,本發明的圖框時間Tf進一步包括用於感測資料的感測階段。因此,藉由閘極控制訊號的控制,本發明的顯示裝置的操作時序被調整為包括第一感測階段S1至第二感測階段S2的感測階段以及包括第一顯示階段D1至第二顯示階段D2的顯示階段。
需要進一步說明的是,本發明將圖1A中的用於初始化電路的第一顯示階段整合至本發明的第一感測階段S1中,以使顯示裝置的像素電路10能在第一顯示階段D1中直接寫入資料,因此,在本發明中,一個圖框時間Tf包括:第一感測階段S1,用於初始化像素電路10以使像素電路10能寫入資料以及使二極體LED處於逆向偏壓;第二感測階段S2,用於使二極體LED收光,且將所產生的感測電壓讀出至像素電路10外部;第一顯示階段D1,用於寫入資料;第二顯示階段D2,用於發光以顯示資料。
可理解的是,根據使用者的設定,在同一時間點,顯示裝置中的像素電路可處於不同的階段,例如,不同列的像素電路處於不同的階段。此外,由於本發明的感測階段以及顯示階段係藉由閘極控制訊號GCS的控制以調整操作時序而達成,因此,根據使用者的設定以及需求,可隨時開啟或關閉顯示裝置的感測階段。
請參考圖2,圖2為本發明的顯示裝置1的結構圖。
參考圖2,本發明的顯示裝置1包括:顯示面板50,包括複數個子像素區域SP,各包括像素電路10;第一電路20,藉由施加閘極控制訊號GCS至每個像素電路10,以使每個像素電路10分別在顯示階段D以及感測階段S之間切換,例如,第一電路20可為列電路(row circuit);以及第二電路30,用於施加資料電壓Vdata且包括複數個讀出電路40,每個讀出電路40連接至同一行的複數個像素電路10,以用於在感測階段S中將該行的像素電路10中的二極體LED所感測的光讀出,例如,第二電路30可為行電路(column circuit)。
應理解的是,第一電路20可例如為列電路或行電路其中之一。第二電路30可例如為行電路或列電路其中之一。但不以此為限。
請參考圖3,圖3為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路10的電路圖。
參考圖3,本發明的像素電路10包括:第一電晶體T1至第七電晶體T1至T7;驅動電晶體T8;讀出電晶體T9;二極體LED;以及電容C1。閘極控制訊號GCS包括第一閘極控制訊號EM、第二閘極控制訊號Sn、第三閘極控制訊號Sn-1以及第四閘極控制訊號S_en。第一電晶體T1係由第一閘極控制訊號EM所控制、第二電晶體T2係由第二閘極控制訊號Sn所控制、第三電晶體T3係由第二閘極控制訊號Sn所控制、第四電晶體T4係由第三閘極控制訊號Sn-1所控制、第五電晶體T5係由第一閘極控制訊號EM所控制、第六電晶體T6係由第三閘極控制訊號Sn-1所控制、以及第七電晶體T7係由第四閘極控制訊號S_en所控制。此外,資料電壓Vdata、初始化電壓Vinit、驅動電壓ELVDD、以及共用電壓ELVSS被施加至像素電路10。
參考圖3,在像素電路10中:第一電晶體T1的第一電極被施加有驅動電壓ELVDD,第一電晶體T1的第二電極連接至第一節點N1;第二電晶體T2的第一電極被施加資料電壓Vdata,第二電晶體T2的第二電極連接至第一節點N1;第三電晶體T3的第一電極連接至第二節點N2,第三電晶體T3的第二電極連接至第三節點N3;第四電晶體T4的第一電極連接至第二節點N2,第四電晶體T4的第二電極連接至第四節點N4;第五電晶體T5的第一電極連接至第三節點N3,第五電晶體T5的第二電極連接至第五節點N5;第六電晶體T6的第一電極連接至第四節點N4,第六電晶體T6的第二電極連接至第五節點N5;第七電晶體T7的第一電極連接至第四節點N4,第七電晶體T7的第二電極連接至讀出電晶體T9的第一電極;驅動電晶體T8的閘極連接至第二節點N2,驅動電晶體T8的第一電極連接至第一節點N1,驅動電晶體T8的第二電極連接至第三節點N3;讀出電晶體T9的閘極連接至第五節點N5,讀出電晶體T9的第一電極連接至第七電晶體T7的第二電極,讀出電晶體T9的第二電極被施加共用電壓ELVSS;二極體LED的第一電極連接至第五節點N5,二極體LED的第二電極被施加共用電壓ELVSS;電容C1的一端被施加有驅動電壓ELVDD,一端連接至第二節點N2;以及初始化電壓Vinit被施加至第四節點N4。
需要說明的是,本發明的顯示裝置藉由閘極控制訊號GCS的施加將像素電路10分為感測階段以及顯示階段。在感測階段中,二極體LED係處於逆向偏壓,以作為光電二極體感測光,接著,所產生之光電流會將二極體LED第一電極的電壓改變為感測電壓Vsen,最後,以讀出電晶體T9作為源極追隨器,以讀出電路40將感測電壓Vsen讀出。在顯示階段中,二極體LED係處於順向偏壓,以作為發光二極體發光,以根據資料電壓Vdata顯示資料。可理解的是,本發明的二極體LED包括但不限於包括微發光二極體(micro-LED)、次毫米發光二極體(mini-LED)、以及有機發光二極體(OLED)。
應理解的是,本發明的實施例使用的是P型金氧半場效電晶體(PMOS)作為像素電路10中的示例性電晶體,所以施加高電壓至其閘極會使其關斷,而施加低電壓至其閘極會使其導通。然而,本發明不限於此。本發明的子像素電路所使用的電晶體可任意地根據需求實施為PMOS、N型金氧半場效電晶體(NMOS)、薄膜電晶體(TFT)、低溫多晶矽(LTPS)TFT、低溫多晶氧化物(LTPO)TFT等等。此外,電晶體亦可任意地組合形成本發明的子像素電路。例如,某些電晶體實施為PMOS,其他電晶體實施為NMOS。因此,熟悉本領域的技術人員可輕易地了解本發明的發明概念可應用至使用各類型的電晶體的像素電路,而不受電晶體的特性的限制。
下將參考圖3-6說明依據本發明的實施例的像素電路10的感測階段的電路運作。圖4為說明依據本發明的實施例的像素電路10的時序操作圖;圖5為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路10的第一感測階段S1的等效電路圖;以及圖6為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路10的第二感測階段S2的等效電路圖。
參考圖4,本發明的像素電路10的操作時序包括:第一感測階段S1,以初始化電壓Vinit初始化像素電路10以使像素電路10初始化電容C1以及使二極體LED處於逆向偏壓;第二感測階段S2,用於使二極體LED收光,且將所產生的感測電壓Vsen讀出至位於像素電路10的外部的讀出電路40;第一顯示階段D1,用於寫入資料電壓Vdata;以及第二顯示階段D2,用於根據資料電壓Vdata發光。
具體地,參考圖3-5,在第一感測階段S1中,根據第一閘極控制訊號EM、第二閘極控制訊號Sn、第三閘極控制訊號Sn-1、以及第四閘極控制訊號S_en的控制,第四電晶體T4以及第六電晶體T6為導通,第一電晶體T1、第二電晶體T2、第三電晶體T3、第五電晶體T5、第七電晶體T7為關斷,直到第二感測階段S2開始前將第四電晶體T4以及第六電晶體T6關斷。因此,從圖5中,可看出初始化電壓Vinit可被設定以使二極體LED處於逆向偏壓,以作為光電二極體感測光。同時,初始化電壓Vinit可用於初始化電容C1,以使電容C1可於第一顯示階段D1寫入資料。
具體地,參考圖3、4、6,在第二感測階段S2中,根據第一閘極控制訊號EM、第二閘極控制訊號Sn、第三閘極控制訊號Sn-1、以及第四閘極控制訊號S_en的控制,第七電晶體T7為導通,第一電晶體T1、第二電晶體T2、第三電晶體T3、第四電晶體T4、第五電晶體T5、以及第六電晶體T6為關斷,直到第一顯示階段D1開始前將第七電晶體T7關斷。因此,二極體LED開始收光,此時,所產生之光電流會將二極體LED的第一電極的電壓改變為感測電壓Vsen,接著,以讀出電晶體T9作為源極追隨器,最後,讀出電路40將感測電壓Vsen讀出。可理解的是,讀出電路40可包括電流源(current source)電路和類比數位轉換器(ADC)(圖中未示),執行類比數位訊號轉換,以利後續訊號處理和分析,但不限於此。
以下將參考圖3-4、7-8說明依據本發明的實施例的像素電路10的顯示階段的電路運作。圖7為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路10的第一顯示階段D1的等效電路圖;圖8為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路10的第二顯示階段D2的等效電路圖。
具體地,參考圖3-4、7,在第一顯示階段D1中,根據第一閘極控制訊號EM、第二閘極控制訊號Sn、第三閘極控制訊號Sn-1、以及第四閘極控制訊號S_en的控制,第二電晶體T2以及第三電晶體T3為導通,第一電晶體T1、第四電晶體T4、第五電晶體T5、第六電晶體T6以及第七電晶體T7為關斷。由於第二電晶體T2為導通,資料電壓Vdata可施加至驅動電晶體T8的第一電極。此時,由於驅動電晶體T8以二極體連接(diode connected)的方式連接,因此,資料電壓Vdata藉由驅動電晶體T8儲存至第二節點N2,以資料電壓Vdata減去驅動電晶體T8的閥值電壓Vth的方式寫入至電容C1。
具體地,參考圖3-4、8,在第二顯示階段D2中,根據第一閘極控制訊號EM、第二閘極控制訊號Sn、第三閘極控制訊號Sn-1、以及第四閘極控制訊號S_en的控制,在第二顯示階段D2開始後將第一電晶體T1以及第五電晶體T5為導通,且在第二顯示階段D2中使第二電晶體T2、第三電晶體T3、第四電晶體T4、第六電晶體T6、以及第七電晶體T7為關斷。因此,在第二顯示階段D2中,寫入至電容Cst的資料電壓Vdata減去閥值電壓Vth會做為驅動電晶體T8的閘極電壓,且由於此電路設計,驅動電晶體T8的閘極源極電壓Vgs會是(ELVDD-Vdata+Vth)電壓,因此,驅動電晶體T8的過驅電壓Vov會是(ELVDD-Vdata+Vth)電壓再減去閥值電壓Vth,因此,流經二極體LED的電流僅會被(ELVDD-Vdata)所控制,而不會被驅動電晶體T8的個別閥值電壓Vth所影響。
請參考圖9,圖9為依據本發明的實施例的顯示面板50的控制方法的示意圖。
在本發明中,由於顯示裝置中的像素電路10係同時用於顯示以及感測兩種功能,因此,顯示裝置的顯示以及感測的訊框率(frame rate)會相同。然而,通常來說,感測所需的反應速度通常會比顯示的訊框率更快。因此,需提出一種顯示面板的控制方法,以提高感測的速度。
參考圖9,本發明的顯示面板50中的子像素區域SP被劃分為複數個面板區域PA11至PAmn,每個面板區域PA11至PAmn包括複數條像素列PR1至PRj,每條像素列PR1至PRj包括複數個子像素區域SP,例如16個,但不限於此。例如,面板區域PA11以及面板區域PA21皆包括第一像素列PR1至第j像素列PRj。
本發明提出一種顯示面板50的跳列(row)感測,例如,根據圖9的箭頭所示,當感測完面板區域PA11的第一像素列PR1後,可直接跳過面板區域PA11的第二像素列PR2至第j像素列PRj,以感測面板區域PA21的第一像素列PR1,而當感測完面板區域PA21的第一像素列PR1後,可直接跳過面板區域PA21的第二像素列PR2至第j像素列PRj,以感測下一個面板區域PA的第一像素列PR1,一直到跳至面板區域PAm1的第一像素列PR1。可理解的是,j為任意自然數,例如,16,可依使用者需求設定。因此,跳列感測可跳過任意數量的列,例如,15列,以根據使用者需求調整感測的速度以及感測的解析度。
另外,在本發明中,由於顯示裝置中的像素電路10係同時用於顯示以及感測兩種功能,因此,像素電路10的感測電壓Vsen會受鄰近列的顯示內容的影像。例如,當位於顯示面板50中的一個像素電路10係處於感測階段時,而鄰近該像素電路10的其他像素電路10係處於顯示階段時,其他像素電路10所顯示的內容會影響該像素電路10的感測電壓Vsen。例如,當其他像素電路10中的二極體LED係發光時該像素電路10的感測電壓Vsen會不同於當其他像素電路10中的二極體LED未發光時該像素電路10的感測電壓Vsen。因此,本發明的顯示裝置1包括一補償比對部,用於根據鄰近於處於感測階段中的像素電路10的二極體LED的處於顯示階段中的像素電路10的二極體LED的顯示內容,去比對校正二極體LED的感測電壓Vsen。
最後,再將本發明的技術特徵及其可達成之技術功效彙整如下:
其一,本發明之顯示裝置能夠在同一個像素電路中同時實現顯示與感測兩種功能以具有屏內感測功能。
其二,由於本發明之顯示裝置係使用同一個像素電路同時實現顯示與感測兩種功能,因此,被感測物件與感測器之間沒有會導致光被遮擋的元件,因此,能實現更準確的感測。
其三,由於本發明之顯示裝置係使用同一個像素電路同時實現顯示與感測兩種功能,因此,螢幕總厚度較薄、無須多餘製程、且減少額外貼合導致的良率風險。
其四,由於本發明之顯示裝置能執行跳列感測,因此,可根據使用者需求提高感測速度。
其五,由於本發明之顯示裝置能根據鄰近於處於感測階段中的像素電路的二極體的處於顯示階段中的像素電路的二極體的顯示內容,去比對校正二極體的感測電壓,因此,能提供感測準確率及正確性。
以上係藉由特定的具體實施例說明本發明之實施方式,所屬技術領域具有通常知識者可由本說明書所揭示之內容輕易地瞭解本發明之其他優點及功效。
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,並非用以限定本發明之範圍;凡其它未脫離本發明所揭示之精神下所完成之等效改變或修飾,均應包含在下述之專利範圍內。
1:顯示裝置
10:像素電路
20:第一電路
30:第二電路
40:讀出電路
50:顯示面板
C1:電容
D1:第一顯示階段
D2:第二顯示階段
D3:第三顯示階段
ELVDD:驅動電壓
ELVSS:共用電壓
EM:第一閘極控制訊號
GCS:閘極控制訊號
LED:二極體
N1:第一節點
N2:第二節點
N3:第三節點
N4:第四節點
N5:第五節點
PA11-PAmn:面板區域
PR1至PRj:第一像素列至第j像素列
S1:第一感測階段
S2:第二感測階段
S_en:第四閘極控制訊號
Sn:第二閘極控制訊號
Sn-1:第三閘極控制訊號
SP:子像素區域
T1:第一電晶體
T2:第二電晶體
T3:第三電晶體
T4:第四電晶體
T5:第五電晶體
T6:第六電晶體
T7:第七電晶體
T8:驅動電晶體
T9:讀出電晶體
Tf:圖框時間
Vdata:資料電壓
Vgs:閘極源極電壓
Vinit:初始化電壓
Vov:過驅電壓
Vsen:感測電壓
Vth:閥值電壓
圖1A為僅具顯示功能的顯示裝置的操作時序圖;
圖1B為本發明的顯示裝置的操作時序圖;
圖2為依據本發明的實施例的顯示裝置的結構圖;
圖3為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路的電路圖;
圖4為說明依據本發明的實施例的像素電路的時序操作圖;
圖5為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路的第一感測階段的等效電路圖;
圖6為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路的第二感測階段的等效電路圖;
圖7為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路的第一顯示階段的等效電路圖;
圖8為依據本發明的實施例的像素電路的第二顯示階段的等效電路圖;以及
圖9為依據本發明的實施例的顯示面板的控制方法的示意圖。
1:顯示裝置
10:像素電路
20:第一電路
30:第二電路
40:讀出電路
50:顯示面板
GCS:閘極控制訊號
SP:子像素區域
Vdata:資料電壓
Vinit:初始化電壓
Claims (10)
- 一種顯示裝置,包括: 一顯示面板,包括複數個子像素區域,各包括一像素電路,每個像素電路包括: 一二極體,在該像素電路的一顯示階段中被設置為一順向偏壓狀態,以用於發光,以及在該像素電路的一感測階段中被設置為一逆向偏壓狀態,以用於產生一感測電壓; 一驅動電晶體,用於在該顯示階段中驅動該二極體; 一讀出電晶體,該感測電壓在該感測階段中被施加至該讀出電晶體的一閘極,以使該讀出電晶體作為一源極追隨器; 第一至第七電晶體,該第一至第七電晶體的閘極分別被施加閘極控制訊號,以使該像素電路在該顯示階段以及該感測階段之間切換;以及 一電容,用於在該顯示階段中儲存要寫入該二極體的一資料電壓; 一第一電路,藉由施加該等閘極控制訊號至每個像素電路,以使每個像素電路分別在該顯示階段以及該感測階段之間切換;以及 一第二電路,用於施加一初始化電壓、該資料電壓、一驅動電壓以及一共用電壓,且該第二電路包括複數個讀出電路,用於在該像素電路的該感測階段中將該感測電壓讀出。
- 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置,其中,該閘極控制訊號包括第一至第四閘極控制訊號,該第一閘極控制訊號分別被施加至該第一電晶體與該第五電晶體的該等閘極,該第二閘極控制訊號分別被施加至該第二電晶體與該第三電晶體的該等閘極,該第三閘極控制訊號分別被施加至該第四電晶體與該第六電晶體的該等閘極,以及該第四閘極控制訊號被施加至該第七電晶體的該閘極。
- 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置,其中, 該二極體包括微發光二極體、次毫米發光二極體、以及有機發光二極體其中之一,以及 該等電晶體包括P型金氧半場效電晶體、N型金氧半場效電晶體、薄膜電晶體、低溫多晶矽薄膜電晶體、低溫多晶氧化物薄膜電晶體其中之一或其組合。
- 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置,其中, 每個讀出電路對應並且連接至同一行的複數個像素電路,以將該行的該等像素電路中的該感測電壓讀出其中,以及 每個讀出電路包括一類比數位轉換器,用於執行類比數位轉換,以將該感測電壓讀出。
- 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置,其中,在每個該像素電路中, 該第一電晶體的一第一電極被施加該驅動電壓,該第一電晶體的一第二電極連接至一第一節點, 該第二電晶體的一第一電極被施加該資料電壓,該第二電晶體的一第二電極連接至該第一節點, 該第三電晶體的一第一電極連接至一第二節點,該第三電晶體的一第二電極連接至一第三節點, 該第四電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第二節點,該第四電晶體的一第二電極連接至一第四節點, 該第五電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第三節點,該第五電晶體的一第二電極連接至一第五節點, 該第六電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第四節點,該第六電晶體的一第二電極連接至該第五節點, 該第七電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第四節點,該第七電晶體的一第二電極連接至該讀出電晶體的一第一電極, 該驅動電晶體的一閘極連接至該第二節點,該驅動電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第一節點,該驅動電晶體的一第二電極連接至該第三節點, 該讀出電晶體的該閘極連接至該第五節點,該讀出電晶體的一第一電極連接至該第七電晶體的該第二電極,該讀出電晶體的一第二電極被施加該共用電壓, 該二極體的一第一電極連接至該第五節點,該二極體的一第二電極被施加該共用電壓, 該電容的一端被施加該驅動電壓,一端連接至該第二節點,以及 該初始化電壓被施加至該第四節點。
- 如請求項5所述的顯示裝置,其中, 該感測階段包括: 一第一感測階段,用於初始化該像素電路及該二極體,以使該像素電路能該電容以及使該二極體處於該逆向偏壓狀態;以及 一第二感測階段,該二極體開始累積電荷,以產生該感測電壓,並將該感測電壓讀出,以及 該顯示階段包括: 一第一顯示階段,用於寫入該資料電壓;以及 一第二顯示階段,用於使該二極體根據該資料電壓發光。
- 如請求項6所述的顯示裝置,其中, 在該第一感測階段,該第一至第四閘極控制訊號分別控制該第一至第七電晶體,以使該第四電晶體以及該第六電晶體為導通,該第一電晶體、該第二電晶體、該第三電晶體、該第五電晶體、該第七電晶體為關斷,直到該第二感測階段開始前將該第四電晶體以及該第六電晶體關斷, 在該第二感測階段,該第一至第四閘極控制訊號分別控制該第一至第七電晶體,以使該第七電晶體為導通,該第一電晶體、該第二電晶體、該第三電晶體、該第四電晶體、該第五電晶體、以及該第六電晶體為關斷,直到該第一顯示階段開始前將該第七電晶體關斷, 在該第一顯示階段,該第一至第四閘極控制訊號分別控制該第一至第七電晶體,以使該第二電晶體以及該第三電晶體為導通,該第一電晶體、該第四電晶體、該第五電晶體、該第六電晶體以及該第七電晶體為關斷,以及 在該第二顯示階段,該第一至第四閘極控制訊號分別控制該第一至第七電晶體,以使該第二電晶體、該第三電晶體、該第四電晶體、該第六電晶體以及該第七電晶體為關斷,且在該第二顯示階段開始後使該第一電晶體以及該第五電晶體為導通。
- 如請求項6所述的顯示裝置,其中,在該第二感測階段,該讀出電晶體係用作為該源極追隨器,以使該感測電壓以該第五節點作為一輸入電壓的方式輸入至該讀出電晶體的該閘極,且以位於該讀出電路的一輸出電壓讀出該感測電壓。
- 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置,其中, 該顯示面板包括複數個面板區域,每個面板區域包括第一像素列至第j像素列,每列像素列皆包括複數個子像素區域,以及 藉由施加該等閘極控制訊號至每個像素電路,在執行完一面板區域中的一列像素列的該感測階段後,直接跳到執行下一個面板區域中的對應列像素列的該感測階段。
- 如請求項1所述的顯示裝置,進一步包括: 一補償比對部,用於根據鄰近於處於感測階段中的該像素電路的該二極體的處於該顯示階段中的該像素電路的該二極體的顯示內容,去比對校正該二極體的該感測電壓。
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