TW202301690A - 半導體結構及其形成方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本發明提供一種半導體結構,包含一基底,一閘極結構,位於該基底上,且該閘極結構沿著一第一方向延伸,以及多個支撐圖案,位於該閘極結構內,其中該多個支撐圖案彼此分離且沿著一第二方向排列,其中該第二方向垂直於該第一方向。
Description
本發明係有關於半導體製程領域,尤其是關於一種具有包含有支撐圖案的閘極以及其製作方法,可避免在閘極製作過程中產生碟型下陷(dishing)現象。
在半導體製程領域中,經常使用平坦化步驟來移除部分材料層,使得元件的表面呈現平面。但是當元件區與周圍區域的密度差異較大時,使用平坦化步驟(例如化學機械研磨,CMP)時,因為移除元件密集區域(常稱為dense區)與元件鬆散區域(常稱為iso區)的速率不同,可能會導致特定區域或元件(通常是元件密度較低的區域)的頂部受到較多的研磨,並且產生下凹狀的剖面輪廓,此種現象稱為碟型下陷(dishing)現象。
上述碟型下陷現象,可能會對元件的品質產生不良影響,因此需要找尋解決方案以克服上述問題。
本發明提供一種半導體結構,包含一基底,一閘極結構,位於該基底上,且該閘極結構沿著一第一方向延伸,以及多個支撐圖案,位於該閘極結構內,其中該多個支撐圖案彼此分離且沿著一第二方向排列,其中該第二方向垂直於該第一方向。
本發明另提供一種半導體結構的形成方法,包含提供一基底,形成一閘極結構於該基底上,且該閘極結構沿著一第一方向延伸,以及形成多個支撐圖案於該閘極結構內,其中該多個支撐圖案彼此分離且沿著一第二方向排列,其中該第二方向垂直於該第一方向。
本發明的特徵在於,在閘極中形成多個支撐圖案,以避免在對閘極進行平坦化步驟時,閘極頂部產生凹陷的問題。此外,本發明中的支撐圖案的排列方向與電流方向(也就是源極至汲極的方向)平行,因此對於電流的流經路徑較少阻礙,對於閘極電性的表現較為良好。
為使熟習本發明所屬技術領域之一般技藝者能更進一步了解本發明,下文特列舉本發明之較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,詳細說明本發明的構成內容及所欲達成之功效。
為了方便說明,本發明之各圖式僅為示意以更容易了解本發明,其詳細的比例可依照設計的需求進行調整。在文中所描述對於圖形中相對元件之上下關係,在本領域之人皆應能理解其係指物件之相對位置而言,因此皆可以翻轉而呈現相同之構件,此皆應同屬本說明書所揭露之範圍,在此容先敘明。
圖1至圖2繪示本發明一實施例的半導體元件的上視示意圖。如圖1所示,首先,提供一基底10,例如為矽基底,並且在基底10上方形成一犧牲閘極12(或閘極G)。其中,犧牲閘極12例如為一多晶矽材質,在後續的步驟中,會在犧牲閘極12的兩側形成源/汲極區以及介電層(圖未示),然後依序進行平坦化步驟以及蝕刻步驟,移除犧牲閘極12後將其替換成金屬等其他材質的閘極。詳細將會在下段落繼續介紹。
在犧牲閘極12完成後,接著如圖2所示,以例如離子佈植等方式在犧牲閘極12的兩側定義出源極S以及汲極D。此處定義第一方向D1以及第二方向D2,其中第一方向D1平行於犧牲閘極12的延伸方向,第二方向D2與第一方向相互垂直,而此處的閘極G、源極S與汲極D可組成一電晶體,其中電晶體的電流方向I由源極S流向汲極D,第二方向D2與電流方向I平行。
在後續的步驟中,先在犧牲閘極12周圍形成介電層(圖未示)覆蓋犧牲閘極12,然後進行平坦化步驟(例如化學機械研磨,CMP)移除多餘的介電層,使介電層的頂面與犧牲閘極12的頂面切齊,並曝露出犧牲閘極12的頂面。接著進行蝕刻步驟,將犧牲閘極12移除,再填入其他材料層(例如高介電常數金屬層,high-k metal layer),以在原先犧牲閘極12的位置形成新的金屬閘極(圖未示)。然而,在上述平坦化的步驟中,閘極頂面可能會產生如先前技術所述的碟型下陷(dishing)現象。因此為了避免此種問題發生,本發明在犧牲閘極12完成後,更包含在犧牲閘極12中形成多個支撐圖案14。其中支撐圖案14的材質例如為氧化矽等絕緣材料。形成支撐圖案14的方法例如包含:在犧牲閘極12完成後,先進行一圖案化蝕刻步驟,以在犧牲閘極中形成一些凹槽(對應最終支撐圖案的形狀),然後在犧牲閘極12的周圍填入介電層的同時,也同時填滿該些凹槽,因此可以同時形成犧牲閘極12周圍的介電層(圖未示)以及位於犧牲閘極12內的支撐圖案14。
在本實施例中,支撐圖案14呈現類似方格狀的形狀,也就是說支撐圖案14包含多個線條,其中一部分的線條沿著第一方向D1延伸、另一部分的線條則沿著第二方向D2延伸。然而申請人的實驗結果發現,雖然形成支撐圖案14確實可以降低碟型下陷發生的機率,但是若支撐圖案14包含有與第一方向D1平行(也就是與電流方向I相互垂直)的線條圖案時,會阻礙電流在閘極內的傳遞效果。換句話說,如此一來將會顯著地降低閘極的電流傳導效能,不利於閘極的電性表現。
圖3至圖4繪示本發明另一實施例的半導體元件的上視示意圖。為了進一步改善以上問題,在本發明的另外一實施例中,如圖3與圖4所示,本實施例中改變支撐圖案的形狀,將原先的支撐圖案14以支撐圖案14A取代。其中支撐圖案14A與支撐圖案14的主要不同在於,支撐圖案14A所排列的圖案並不阻擋電流方向I,更詳細而言,支撐圖案14A構成多條沿著第二方向D2排列的支撐圖案虛線15,且在相鄰的支撐圖案虛線15之間的空隙,仍留有閘極的材料且並未形成支撐圖案14A。因此,多個支撐圖案14A並不會擋住電晶體主要的電流流經的路徑(電流方向I)。如此一來,相較於上述實施例,本實施例即使在閘極內部形成支撐圖案14A,對於閘極的電性的影響較小。
後續,如圖4所示,以一蝕刻步驟(圖未示)將犧牲閘極12移除,並且留下各支撐圖案14A,然後再重新填入一金屬層,例如一高介電常數(high-k)金屬層至原先犧牲閘極12的凹槽內,以形成一金屬閘極16。上述步驟又稱為替代金屬閘極(RMG,replacement metal gate)製程,屬於本領域的習知技術,在此不多加贅述。此外,在金屬閘極16完成後,可以在金屬閘極12、以及源極S/汲極D上形成多個接觸結構18,接觸結構18可以將電晶體與其它的電子元件電性連接,接觸結構18的製程也屬於本領域的習知技術,在此不多加贅述。
綜合以上說明書與圖式,本發明提供一種半導體結構,包含一基底10,一金屬閘極16,位於基底10上,且金屬閘極16沿著一第一方向D1延伸,以及多個支撐圖案14A,位於金屬閘極16內,其中多個支撐圖案14A彼此分離且沿著一第二方向D2排列,其中第二方向D2垂直於第一方向D1。
在本發明的一些實施例中,其中更包含有一源極S與汲極D,分別位於金屬閘極16的兩側。
在本發明的一些實施例中,其中源極S與汲極D之間的連線,平行於第二方向D2。
在本發明的一些實施例中,其中多個支撐圖案14A組成複數個支撐圖案虛線15,其中每一條支撐圖案虛線15沿著第二方向D2延伸。
在本發明的一些實施例中,其中支撐圖案14A的材質包含氧化矽。
在本發明的一些實施例中,其中金屬閘極16的材質包含有高介電常數金屬。
本發明另提供一種半導體結構的形成方法,包含提供一基底10,形成一金屬閘極16於基底10上,且金屬閘極16沿著一第一方向D1延伸,以及形成多個支撐圖案14A於金屬閘極16內,其中多個支撐圖案14A彼此分離且沿著一第二方向D2排列,其中第二方向D2垂直於第一方向。
在本發明的一些實施例中,其中形成支撐圖案14A於金屬閘極16中的方法包含:形成一犧牲閘極12於基底10上,對犧牲閘極12進行一蝕刻步驟,以在犧牲閘極12中形成多個孔洞,填入一絕緣層於犧牲閘極旁以及填入些孔洞內,進行一平坦化步驟移除部分絕緣層,並露出犧牲閘極12的表面,移除犧牲閘極層,並留下該些絕緣層,並定義出一閘極空槽,以及形成一高介電常數金屬層於閘極空槽內。
本發明的特徵在於,在閘極中形成多個支撐圖案,以避免在對閘極進行平坦化步驟時,閘極頂部產生凹陷的問題。此外,本發明中的支撐圖案的排列方向與電流方向(也就是源極至汲極的方向)平行,因此對於電流的流經路徑較少阻礙,對於閘極電性的表現較為良好。
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。
10:基底
12:犧牲閘極
14:支撐圖案
14A:支撐圖案
15:支撐圖案虛線
16:金屬閘極
18:接觸結構
I:電流方向
G:閘極
D:汲極
S:源極
D1:第一方向
D2:第二方向
圖1至圖2繪示本發明一實施例的半導體元件的上視示意圖。
圖3至圖4繪示本發明另一實施例的半導體元件的上視示意圖。
10:基底
14A:支撐圖案
15:支撐圖案虛線
16:金屬閘極
18:接觸結構
I:電流方向
G:閘極
D:汲極
S:源極
D1:第一方向
D2:第二方向
Claims (13)
- 一種半導體結構,包含: 一基底; 一閘極結構,位於該基底上,且該閘極結構沿著一第一方向延伸;以及 多個支撐圖案,位於該閘極結構內,其中該多個支撐圖案彼此分離且沿著一第二方向排列,其中該第二方向垂直於該第一方向。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的半導體結構,其中更包含有一源極與該汲極,分別位於該閘極結構的兩側。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的半導體結構,其中該源極與該汲極之間的連線,平行於該第二方向。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的半導體結構,其中該多個支撐圖案組成複數個支撐圖案虛線,其中每一條支撐圖案虛線沿著該第二方向延伸。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的半導體結構,其中該支撐圖案的材質包含氧化矽。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的半導體結構,其中該閘極結構的材質包含有高介電常數金屬。
- 一種半導體結構的形成方法,包含: 提供一基底; 形成一閘極結構於該基底上,且該閘極結構沿著一第一方向延伸;以及 形成多個支撐圖案於該閘極結構內,其中該多個支撐圖案彼此分離且沿著一第二方向排列,其中該第二方向垂直於該第一方向。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的方法,其中形成該支撐圖案於該閘極結構中的方法包含: 形成一犧牲閘極於該基底上; 對該犧牲閘極進行一蝕刻步驟,以在該犧牲閘極中形成多個孔洞; 填入一絕緣層於該犧牲閘極旁以及填入該些孔洞內; 進行一平坦化步驟移除部分該絕緣層,並露出該犧牲閘極的表面; 移除該犧牲閘極層,並留下該些絕緣層,並定義出一閘極空槽;以及 形成一高介電常數金屬層於該閘極空槽內。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的方法,更包含有一源極與該汲極,分別位於該閘極結構的兩側。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的方法,其中該源極與該汲極之間的連線,平行於該第二方向。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的方法,其中該多個支撐圖案組成複數個支撐圖案虛線,其中每一條支撐圖案虛線沿著該第二方向延伸。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的方法,其中該支撐圖案的材質包含氧化矽。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的方法,其中該閘極結構的材質包含有高介電常數金屬。
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